Psychotherapy
Skills in Existential Counselling and Psychotherapy by Martin Adams and Emmy Van Deurzen is the first book that can be considered as the first convenient and matter-of-fact introduction to an Existential approach that is skills-based. Those who are not acquainted with philosophy can easily access this boos as it provides several genuine and substantial skills, tasks and connections required in Existential practice. The book is an actual guide for enabling clients to grow to be more philosophical and thoughtful about life. It also guides them to become more capable of taking responsibility for their life.

The main features of this book are several in numbers. Firstly, it provides a hypothetical and speculative background of Existential Therapy along with its history. Secondly, the authors have focused on the nucleus of Existential Therapy by examining the phenomenological practice. In addition, it clearly describes the essential characteristics that must be present in a therapist…...

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References

Deurzen, E.V., & Adams, M. (2011). Skills in Existential Counseling & Psychotherapy. London: SAGE Publications.

Psychotherapy
Psychology is a science that engages the mind of a person in understanding the behavior of the individual. The human behavior, particularly, is peculiar at times when confronted with certain situations or events. Consequently, like any other body system, the mind is subject to reactions to external influence that impair its normal functioning. This constitutes the basis for a need to develop a technique of treatment; that curbs these health developments that can cause a person to be considered, not of sound mind, or to commit acts that are inhuman.

The field of study that is charged with the mandate to attend to these mental distress disorders is what is professionally referred to as psychotherapy (Corsini & Wedding 2005). It is a technique that relies on social approach to treat the emotional, personality, behavioral and psychiatric disorders. It relies on verbal and non-verbal interventions and communication with the patient. The base…...

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References

Yalom, I.D. (2012). Love's Executioner. New York: Basic Books.

Corsini, R.J., & Wedding, D. (2005). Current psychotherapies. Australia: Thomson Brook/Cole.

Psychotherapy
Theories and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy

The cognitive behavioral and person-centered approaches regarding counseling and psychotherapy come from a much different developmental history and theoretical underpinnings. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a psychological approach that addresses problematic behaviors that occur from the recurrence of bad thoughts and has shown useful to treat anxiety, depression, and substance abuse disorders among others. However, there are also many psychotherapy practices that can integrated with the counseling strategies to provide a more comprehensive approach to treatment. This analysis will provide a theoretical background of cognitive behavioral therapy and psychotherapy. These foundations will be applied to the treatment of depression as well as try to pinpoint opportunities in which they could be used in conjunction.

Background

Psychoanalysis

The psychoanalytical approach began with Sigmund Freud's and his theories of human psychology. He identified three primary drivers of an individual's personality: the id, the ego and the superego. He explained…...

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Works Cited

Berzoff, J., Flanagan, L., & Hertz, P. (2008). Inside Out and Outside in: Psychodynamic Clinical Theory and Psychopathology in Contemporary Multicultural Contexts . eBook.

Blumenthal, J. (2011). New frontiers in cardiovascular behavioral medicine: Comparative effectiveness of exercise and medication in treating depression. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 535-543.

Brott, P., & Myers, J. (2011, May). Development of Professional School Counselor Identity. Retrieved January 15, 2013, from Development: http://www.nice2cq.com/hasava/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8-%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%A8-%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%95%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%90-%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94-%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%AA.pdf

CDC. (2012, April 30). An Estimated 1 in 10 U.S. Adults Report Depression. Retrieved from Center for Disease Control and Prevention:  http://www.cdc.gov/features/dsdepression/

The instillation and the maintaining of hope is one of the most important factors in any type of psychotherapy (Yalom 2005). Yalom (2005) notes that hope is needed to keep the patient going to therapy in order for the other factors to take place, and "faith in treatment mode can in itself be therapeutically effective" (2005). Yalom (2005) compares the importance of the instillation of hope to the efficacy of faith healing and placebo treatment in order to show just how powerful it can be. When a therapist uses this knowledge to their advantage, increasing patients' belief and confidence in the efficacy of the group therapy, great results can take place for the patient.

Yalom (2005) states in group therapy, there are individuals -- often who have the same problem -- at different points in their healing or recovery process; however, Yalom, attests that when individuals can watch others grow and…...

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References:

Bion, W.R. (1991). Experiences in groups: and other papers. Routledge; 1st edition.

Keyton, J. & Beck, S. (2009). The influential role of relational messages in group

interaction: Group dynamics: Theory and practice.

Kosters, M., Burlingame, G., Nachtigall, C. & Strauss, B. (2005). Analytical review of the effectiveness of inpatient group psychotherapy: Group dynamics: Theory and practice. Group dynamics,10(2), 146-163.

3).
Many Jungians believe that in order to facilitate a patient with access to their unconscious and thus advance the individuation process, they themselves must access their own depths when treating a patient. This entails being aware of emotions, memories, symbols, and dreams that come out when treating a patient. This will often shed light on something of the patient's experience and the exclusive relationship created between therapist and patient. If devises and spoken to in an appropriate way by the therapist, patients can gain as they expand their understanding of themselves and their experience in relationship to one another (Simmons, 2010).

According to Jung, it is a power of the archetypes to impact people's lives in the most powerful feeling ways that lead one to feel linked with experiences of a spiritually moving nature. The most durable experiences of a persons life is, for the most part, created in relation…...

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References

Greene, Anita U. (2001). Conscious mind -- conscious body. Journal of Analytical Psychology.

46(4).

Mijares, Sharon G. (2002). Rumi, Jung and mythological messages from the body-mind.

Retrieved May 3, 2010, from Web site: http://www.seishindo.org/sharon_rumi.html

As our research demonstrates, there is a close correlation between the presence of emotional disorder and the encounter of negative life circumstances. These are circumstances which can place an individual in a social work context, where he or she must address both personality disorder and practical living obstacles.
Sensitivity to Cultural Differences:

Cultural differences are also significant in the way that a social worker channels specific aspects of the treatment. For instance, Cognitive Therapy is a constructive way to address the likelihood of unique individual realities based on characteristics such as race, gender, sexual orientation or income. These individualities mean that no one treatment course is right for all individuals. Cognitive Therapy respects this condition, proceeding from the logic that "the way people feel is associated with the way in which they interpret and think about a situation. The situation itself does not directly determine how they feel; their emotional response…...

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Works Cited:

Barlow, DH; Cranske, M.G.; Cerny, J.A.; Klosko, J.S. (1989). Behavioral Treatment of Panic Disorder. Behavior Therapy, 20(2), 261-282.

Beck, J.S. (1995). Cognitive Therapy: Basics and Beyond. Guilford Press.

Gabbard M.D., Glen O. & Jerald Kay M.D. (2001). The Fate of Integrated Treatment: Whatever Happened to the Biopsychosocial Psychiatrist. American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 158, p. 1956-1963.

Harned, M.S.; Banawan, S.F. & Lynch, T.R. (2006). Dialectical Behavior Therapy: An Emotion-Focused Treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 36, 67-75.

He prefers to assess in overall terms before analyzing mechanisms like defences and resistances. He held the view that it is not the parts that explain the meaning and importance of the whole, but the whole that explains the meaning and importance of the parts. This view is same as Jung's view on the totality of the psyche. Jung and Freud differ in the concept of reality. While Jung says that the reality of psyche is the only real; however, Freud says that there is a real external world called truth. Jung's method is to help the client to reach depths of his own psyche by means of his dreams, fantasies and imaginations. Once the depths are reached, the client will cure his problem by himself by the contact with the unconscious. Then, the role of a guide or psychotherapist is not at all required. (Kohut and Jung: A…...

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References

Cheong, Josepha; Herkov, Michael; Goodman, Wayne. (10 January, 2001) "An Introduction to Psychotherapy" retrieved at   Accessed on 7 February 2005.http://psychcentral.com/library/pt_intro.htm .

Corbett, Lionel. (1989) "Kohut and Jung: A comparison of Theory and Therapy" retrieved at   Accessed on 7 February 2005http://www.findingstone.com/professionals/monographs/kohutandjung.htm .

Franklin, Donald. J. "Psychotherapy and Counseling" retrieved at   Accessed 7 February 2005http://www.psychologyinfo.com/treatment/psychotherapy.html .

Grohol, John M. (21 July, 1995) "Types of Therapies-Theoretical Orientations and Practices of Therapists" retrieved at   Accessed on 7 February 2005.http://www.grohol.com/therapy.htm .

There may be issues dealt with while on deployment that need to be worked through that may not be appropriate in a family setting -- at least at first. The main goals for this family are to open the lines of communication. Communication needs to be restored between Harold and Shirley, Shirley and the kids, Harold and Ben, and Shirley and Barbara. The focus -- or the triangulation -- that Ben seems to be facing also needs to be stopped. A very clear sign that family therapy was helping this family would be Harold and Shirley taking control of the family once again -- gaining control of the household and allowing their children to feel safe enough to communicate with them. Harold has his own issues going on with being laid off and worrying about money, however, these are not things that he needs to "swallow" on his own.…...

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References

Alquilino, W.S. (1994). Impact of childhood family disruption on young adults'

relationships with parents. Journal of marriage and family,56(2), 295-313.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (Fourth Edition). Text revision. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric

Association.

Psychotherapy
Suggest several ways the therapist can guide the client from an external to an internal focus. Be specific.

In order to help a client shift their focus from external sources, such as historical events, past relationships, and the problematic behavior of other people, to an internal focus, where the client examines his or her own thoughts, feelings, and reactions to situations, there are several steps that can be taken. First, the therapist should help the client focus on identifying, understanding, and changing him or herself, rather than just complaining about other people. The therapist must use careful language that does not make the client feel invalidated or guilty. Then, the client must become active in the therapy, realizing that he or she can change personal reactions and behaviors, which is enabled by the therapist providing a supportive and secure relationship and environment for the client. The therapist can establish this relationship…...

Psychotherapy
An important guideline in assessing a client's affective response in facing a problem is to expand and elaborate on his/her affect. This means that the therapist should give the client an opportunity to explore their feelings further. This strategy allows the client to understand his/her previous behavior, and adopt a new one, which will enable him/her to recover from feelings of pain and disappointment concerning a particular undertaking s/he had experienced. Taking away the pain must adopt a similar strategy explained earlier, wherein the client allows various feelings be felt within him/her, letting these emotions be the channels through which s/he can start shifting from having negative to positive emotions/feelings. Responding in an empathic manner is a complicated task to undertake, which is why it is important for the therapist to take control of the client and firmly encourage the client to make a decision or take an action that…...

The therapist can use this writing to understand more about their client's emotional status, and to research specific behavioral problems demonstrated by the client, by comparing notes taken to case precedent or field research.
Psychotherapists may also encourage patients to write down their experience of traumatic events by first recording their thoughts and then writing a narrative about their experiences (Bolton, et al., 2004, p. 11). In this type of therapy, the psychotherapist will usually provide the patient with guided direction and instructions about the way the patient should write or the exact subject matter the patient should concentrate on. In session, the therapist my then also record his or her own narrative and allow the patient to read this information, as a form of mutually beneficial writing where the goal is improving the trust and relationship between the client and the psychotherapist (Bolton, et al., 2004). In such cases…...

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References

Bolton, G., Howlett, S., Lago, C., & Wright, J.K. (2004). Writing cures: An introductory handbook to writing in counseling and psychotherapy. New York: Brunner-Routledge.

Psychotherapy and Writing

As you can not take a one size fits all approach when it comes to the problem, by believing that CT therapy will cure a host of conditions. Instead, it must be applied with other techniques and take into account the effect that it could be having upon the patient. These two elements are important, because they will ensure that when this therapy is applied, it is used in a way that takes legal and ethical ramifications into account. As a result, ensuring that the patient is receiving the best treatment options (which are reducing the overall amounts of suffering) is the ultimate of objective from: an ethical and legal standpoint. (Roth, 2010, pp. 235 -- 252)
Discuss how this theory aligns with your own philosophy, values, and views of the therapeutic process

This theory aligns with my personal beliefs and values, as it is requiring the patient to play an…...

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Bibliography

Branch, R. (2010). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. New York, NY: Wiley.

Martin, B. (2011). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Psych Central. Retrieved from:  http://psychcentral.com/lib/2007/in-depth-cognitive-behavioral-therapy/ 

Frankel, V. (2004). Man's Search for Meaning. New York, NY: Ridder

Roth, D. (2010). Making Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Work. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Moreover, Jung's view is that knowledge of the psyche should lead the individual to a place where he or she realizes "God" is within us; "God-image" is indeed the self.
Meanwhile, depth psychotherapy, according to Edward Edinger, can be described as having four aspects: it is a science and an art, and it is theoretical as well as a practice. The goal, from the art perspective, is understanding. Indeed, the art application, for the therapist, is to use a one-on-one dynamic with one person and have a positive effect on that person's "life and development" (Edinger, 1997, p. 8). Looking at depth psychotherapy from a scientific perspective, it can produce "objective knowledge of the nature of the human psyche"; this knowledge, Edinger continues, can be abstract and objective (p. 8). Edinger (p. 10) further advises though that "objective knowledge" (science) has an application to the human psyche "in general" but…...

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Works Cited

Baring, Anne. (2001). Unexplored Dimensions of Consciousness and the Visionary Experience:

Parmenides, Dante, and Jung's Seven Sermons to the Dead.

Corbin, Henry. Mundus Imaginalis or the Imaginary and the Imaginal.

Edinger, Edward. (1997). The Vocation of Depth Psychotherapy. Psychological Perspectives.

Psychotherapy's Claims, Skeptics Demand Proof By BENEDICT CAREY (NYT).
Published: August 10, 2004

Insurance companies are pushing psychotherapists to prove that what they do produces results. Insurance companies pay for therapies selectively, with the result that people who receive psychotherapy, an estimated 20 million, often have to pay for it themselves. Insurance companies and some others argue that the therapists should be able to show scientific studies demonstrating what patients benefit from what they do. Others say that it's not possible to quantify talk therapy to the point that research can prove its effectiveness. Some think the future of talk therapy may depend on the outcome of this disagreement. Some experts claim the process is too intuitive to be measurable by quantified methods.

There are some disorders for which clear methods exist, with research showing their effectiveness. They include cognitive therapy and exposure therapy to deal with fears and phobias. Managed care…...

Because these women are older and more set in the ways that they do things they are often fearful of these changes and resistant to them because they feel that they have no control over anything anymore (Priel & Besser, 1999). They are working towards a transition that marks the middle of their life and they are used to having everything that they need (indridge & Berryman, 1999). They need only a child to complete than and once they get pregnant and have the baby they realize that there are many changes that they must deal with in their lives that they were not actually expecting when they decided on a child (Chaudron, Klein, Remington, Palta, Allen, & Essex, 2001).
This is especially true for women of this age who do not have it all and are looking for the self-sufficiency and autonomy that they feel that they need, are…...

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Works Cited

Beck, C.T. (2002). Postpartum depression: A metasynthesis. Qualitative Health Research, 12(4), 453-472.

Beutler, L.E., Clarkin, J.F., & Bongar, B. (2000). Guidelines for the systematic treatment of the depressed patient. New York: Oxford University Press.

Bozoky, I. & Corwin, E. (2001) Fatigue as a predictor of postpartum depression, Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 31, 436-442.

Caltabiano, N.J & Caltabiano, M.L. (1996). Relationship between exhaustion and postnatal depression. Psychological Reports 79(1), p. 225-226

For a strong conclusion on a paper about psychotherapy, you could take several different approaches.  You could look at the history of psychotherapy and distinguish how modern psychotherapy differs from the historical practice of psychotherapy as popularized by Freud; you could take a position about the efficacy of psychotherapy as a treatment modality; or you could focus on how Adler looks at the whole person in psychoanalysis. 

Adler’s approach to psychoanalysis has four stages: engagement, assessment, insight, and reorientation.  You could conclude your essay by focusing on any of those four stages, by....

Psychotherapy, sometimes referred to as talk therapy, describes a wide variety of counseling methods that center on a person seeking resolution by discussing their problems with some type of mental health professional.  It is an interesting type of mental health intervention because it is helpful to a wide range of people and is used by people with and without mental disorders.  This differentiates it from some types of mental health interventions, which are specifically targeted to those experiencing a mental illness.

One of the main benefits of psychotherapy is that it helps people....

1. The Neurobiological Basis of Schizophrenia: Exploring the Complexities of Brain Abnormalities

- Investigate the structural and functional brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia, including alterations in neurotransmitter systems, connectivity, and neural circuitry.
- Discuss the role of genetic and environmental factors in shaping these brain abnormalities and their contribution to the development of schizophrenia.
- Explore the potential links between neuroinflammation, immune dysfunction, and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

2. Hallucinations and Delusions: Unraveling the Subjective Experiences in Schizophrenia

- Analyze the phenomenology of hallucinations and delusions, examining their characteristic features, content, and impact on the individual's subjective reality.
- Explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these psychotic....

Of course! Here are some potential essay topics related to the placebo effect that you could consider:

1. The history and origins of the placebo effect: Exploring how the concept of the placebo effect has evolved over time and its cultural and scientific roots.

2. The psychology of the placebo effect: Analyzing the psychological mechanisms behind the placebo effect and how factors such as expectation, conditioning, and belief play a role.

3. The ethics of placebo treatments: Discussing the ethical implications of using placebos in medical practice and research, including issues of informed consent and deception.

4. The neurological basis of the placebo effect:....