Public and Community Health
After researching your commonly used products, what do you think about this site?

The website is very innovative in its approach towards environmental and personal safety. First, the website is seamless to use. This is paramount in regards to views and usage of the website. Without a seamless method of navigating the website, consumers could be potentially becomes disgruntled and leave. The website identifies key information with bold, large lettering, designed to impact the consumer. The color scheme is also very inviting as many of the colors create a sense of "freshness" and "cleanliness" within the website. This is evident as the website, in its entirety, generates over 1,000,000 views each month.

The search bar is particular is very easy to use. In regards to this particular website, the search bar is the primary focus for those seeking information. As such, its ease of use is critical to the…...

Marketing
Product Safety, And Intellectual Property

Legal and Ethical Considerations in Marketing, Product Safety, and Intellectual

Ethics and legal issues refer to the morals and principles that govern the behavior and conduct of individuals or organizations. These legal principles and ethics serve to guide and offer directions on how to act or respond when faced with moral dilemmas. Marketing, advertising and product safety are areas of importance to everyone in the community. Production, distribution and use of products or services are areas guided by the laws of the land. The laws function to protect the community from exploitation or mishandling by the participants in the above sectors. In the marketing and advertising framework, the concept of ethics deals with personal moral principles and values. Under this framework, the society understands that laws are values and standards that are enforceable in the court. In the production of goods and services, the laws of…...

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References

Ventola, C.L. (2011). Direct-to-Consumer Pharmaceutical Advertising. Journal List, 36 (10), 669-674,681-684. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov > Journal List > PT > v. 36 (10); Oct 2011

Hurd, H.M. (1996). Deontology of Negligence, The. BUL Rev., 76, 249.

Carden, S. (2006). Virtue ethics: Dewey and Maclntyre. New York: Continuum International

publishing group

Marketing, Product Safety, and Intellectual Property
Legal and ethical considerations

Ethical issues

PharmaCAE intentionally bypassed the Food and Drug Administration when it established CompCAE a compounding pharmacy. This was done in order to avoid FDA scrutinization, which indicates that the company was aware of the side effects that the drug would have on patients. By evading FDA scrutiny and approval, PharmaCAE was able to sell the new formulation on a prescription basis without the need to seek approvals. CompCAE was not supposed to market directly to consumers, but it still conducted direct marketing to consumers and hospitals. Furthermore, the company encouraged doctors to fax them lists of fictitious patient names. This was done to demonstrate that the company was not selling directly to consumers, but rather it was doctors who were prescribing the drug to the patients.

When reports started surfacing indicating that the drug was causing heart attacks, the company did not…...

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References

Halbert, T., & Ingulli, E. (2011). Law and ethics in the business environment. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

Kim, Y.K., Lee, K., Park, W.G., & Choo, K. (2012). Appropriate intellectual property protection and economic growth in countries at different levels of development. Research policy, 41(2), 358-375.

Liu, W., KNOx, C.A., & Brushwood, D.B. (2013). Discretion of the Food and Drug Administration to enforce compounding rules. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY, 70(17), 1538-1543.

Peffer, S.L., Bocheko, A., Del Valle, R.E., Osmani, A., Peyton, S., & Roman, E. (2013). Whistle Where You Work? The Ineffectiveness of the Federal Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 and the Promise of the Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act of 2012. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 0734371X13508414.

Products Liability esearch:
Mattel Inc. is a company that was founded in 1944 by Elliot and uth Handler that designs, manufactures, and markets a huge range of toy products. The firm is headquartered in California with its core product lines including Hot Wheels die-cast vehicles, Barbie fashion dolls, Disney toys, Fisher-Price preschool toys, and games like Scrabble. While Mattel also manufactures its toy products based on license agreements with movie makers, most of its toys are produced outside its huge market in the United States i.e. Southeast Asia. Actually, the firm's principal manufacturing facilities are located in several countries in Southeast Asia like Malaysia, China, Thailand, Indonesia, and even Mexico. Since its inception, the company has continued to experience significant growth that enables it to generate huge revenues. By 2007, its revenues had grown to $5.97 billion with its three largest customers accounting for 41% of sales across the globe. However,…...

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References:

Andersen, M. (2009, October 16). Mattel Settles Lawsuit Over High Levels of Lead in Chinese

Toys. Retrieved June 10, 2012, from  http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/retail/2009-10-14-mattell-lead-in-toys-settlement_N.htm 

"CPSC Overview." (n.d.). U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Retrieved from Consumer Product Safety Commission website:  http://www.cpsc.gov/about/about.html 

Lacorte, V.L. (n.d.). Mattel, Inc.: The Lead paint Recall. Retrieved from Tuck School of Business

Product Warranty
Products for home improvement are the most common commodities in the market from which consumers demand much warranty from the manufacturers because of the basic fact that they are expected to exist and last long within the presence of homes. Such products include both electrical and non-electric appliances, home furniture, as well as services and materials provided for home improvements. In general, product warranty, even in any type of transaction, equates product liability. In that the consumers expect that a product will only show the inability to provide its purpose because of wear due to length of period that it was frequently used or because of damage caused by the consumer's failure to take care of the product. Except from these two reasons, product reliability is expected. When product reliability is not served to consumers, product warranty comes in to protect the consumers' rights of acquiring quality products.

Product…...

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References

Consumer Products Warranty Law, New Brunswick. 2004.

 http://www.law.unb.ca/cpwala/scope.htm#Introduction 

A Businessperson's Guide To Federal Warranty Law.

Federal Trade Commission Online.

Any organization that deals directly with petroleum-based products, including storage facilities, will be affected by the act. The act also provides for Area Contingency Plans in case of emergency. The Pollution Prevention Act aims to reduce pollution "through cost-effective changes in production, operation, and raw materials use," ("Pollution Prevention Act"). Recycling programs fall under the Pollution Prevention Act; therefore, organizations might be required under this law to participate in large-scale recycling programs. Moreover, the Pollution Prevention Act is designed to curb source pollution, so the act applies especially to organizations that are potential polluters. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act applies especially to storage of toxic waste. The act will pertain to employees of waste management facilities or of any organization that must dispose of its waste material in an environmentally sound and legally authorized way.
orks Cited

About EPA." 2005. Online at http://www.epa.gov/epahome/aboutepa.htm.

Clean ater Act." Online at http://www.epa.gov/region5/water/cwa.htm.

Endangered Species Act."…...

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Works Cited

About EPA." 2005. Online at  http://www.epa.gov/epahome/aboutepa.htm .

Clean Water Act." Online at  http://www.epa.gov/region5/water/cwa.htm .

Endangered Species Act." Online at  http://www.epa.gov/region5/defs/html/esa.htm .

Freedom of Information Act." Online at  http://www.epa.gov/region5/defs/html/foia.htm .

Product Recalls: Reaction
Every now and then, I will turn on the morning news and hear that there has been a product recall for something I consider vaguely absurd, such as a product that can possibly cause harm if it is misused in some extraordinary fashion. However, I have also heard about product recalls in which there are serious questions about the safety of the product. An excellent example of this occurred several years ago, when some Mattel toys were found to contain harmful substances like lead that could injure a small child if swallowed, which is a common occurrence when children play with toys. Given the bad publicity which can ensue if a company's product results in an injury or the death of a user, being aggressive about instituting product recalls, versus taking a 'wait and see' approach, seems to be the superior strategy.

The Dell and Pinto instances are case…...

Product ecalls and How it Affects the Company
Product ecalls

Traceability

Industry effected

Healthcare ecalls

Food Industry ecalls

Instances of Product recalls

Effects on the Company

Financial Loss

Loss of reputation

Legal and regulatory issues

Handling of Product ecalls

Treatment of ecalled Products

Communications Strategy

Product recalls are one of the sensitive business areas in the operation of any organization. The businesses tend to recall its products due to various reasons including minimizing the risk of injury for consumers, the compliance requirements in legal and regulatory perspective, and to protect the brand image in the market. There are various other reasons that are discussed and elaborated in the later sections. The product recalls are critical for different industries but especially for food chains and healthcare organizations the importance is increased. The businesses also establish well planned and thought out systems to ensure that they have a policy and system in place to perform product recalls in cases of emergency and regular practice for expired…...

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References:

Ganesan, S. (Ed.). (2012). Handbook of Marketing and Finance. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Germann, F., Grewal, R., Ross Jr., W.T., & Srivastava, R.K. (2013). Product recalls and the moderating role of brand commitment. Marketing Letters, 1-13.

Granata, L.A., Flick Jr., G.J., & Martin, R.E. (Eds.). (2012). The seafood industry: species, products, processing, and safety. Wiley. com.

Sodhi, M.S., & Tang, C.S. (2009). Modeling supply-chain planning under demand uncertainty using stochastic programming: A survey motivated by asset -- liability management. International Journal of Production Economics, 121(2), 728-738.

Safety and Heath in it Environments
Applied Business esearch: The need for Safety and Health Standards in Hazardous Working Environments in the Information Technology

Businesses including IT firms are flooded with IT tools like microcomputers, photocopiers, digital surveillance tools, internet, among others. There is mounting evidence from a review of literature that in the IT work environment, especially the IT industry, present hazardous working environments to workers. Workers in these environments also undergo stress from the lack of knowledge of the tools, the lack of, or reduced human contact. Information technology tools also create electrical and fire hazards, which threaten the safety of employees. Employees also suffer from health issues like bleary-eyes from bright screens and monitors of IT tools. The research proves the need for increased safety and health measures in these environments. In the end, the research creates knowledge in the business community of the importance of increased safety and…...

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References

Fraihat, H.M. (2003). Taxonomy and remedy of work hazards associated with office information systems. Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge, 3(1), 127-127.

Information Resources Management Association (1994). Managing Social and Economic Change with Information Technology. Proceedings of the Information Resources Management Association International Conference, May 1994. IDEA Group Publishing.

Jones, L.K. (1996). A harsh and challenging world of work: Implications for counselors. Journal of Counseling and Development: JCD, 74(5), 453-453.

Koreneff, I. And Sims-McLean, K. (2005). Excel. Glebe, NSW: Pascal Press.

This practically also pays big dividends for manufacturers as they continue to strive to keep their Energy STA Compliance ratings on products, leading to lower costs for power supply, electrical system integration and less product wear due to more efficient use of energy. Studies also indicate that Energy STA compliance, when designed in as part of the DfE initiatives in a PLM system, can have an exceptionally high accumulative impact as well (Preston, 2001).
Integrating DfE into PLM frameworks then not only alleviates the unnecessary and often high costs of noncompliance to federal and global mandates, this integration has also been shown to reduce the net amount of new product components necessary, further creating higher levels of reliability in products over time (Mascle, Zhao, 2008).

There are many additional benefits to integrating DfE product development practices into the broader PLM frameworks manufacturers use for designing, launching, managing and discontinuing products. The…...

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References

Abramovici, M. (2007). Future trends in product lifecycle management (plm). Springer-Verlag Publishing, London, UK. (pp. 665-674).

Mike Adami-Sampson. (2007, February). Design for environmental compliance. Control Engineering, 54(2), 12-14.

Vidhi A Chaudhri. (2006). Organising Global CSR: A Case Study of Hewlett-Packard's e-inclusion Initiative*. The Journal of Corporate Citizenship,(23), 39-51.

Deathe, A., MacDonald, E., & Amos, W.. (2008). E-waste Management Programmes and the Promotion of Design for the Environment: Assessing Canada's Contributions. Review of European Community & International Environmental Law, 17(3), 319-334.

Product Marketing and Brand Analysis: Core, Actual, And Augmented Product Levels
Product and Brand: SONY Vaio PCG-R505GL

Core Product

The core benefit of the Sony Vaio R505GL laptop is that it offers consumers a personal computer that is portable, stylish, and user-friendly. The R505GL model is termed as an "ultra-portable" Vaio notebook because it only weighs approximately 4 lbs. Furthermore, with its lavender-colored magnesium finish, the product is stylish, deviating from the usual color of black or gray laptops/notebooks available from other popular computer brands. It is also user-friendly because it contains numerous features that maximize the product's capability as a portable computer to make use of its software and hardware features optimally.

Actual Product

Sony Vaio's core product indeed establishes the actual product. The R505GL model contains numerous features that illustrate the high quality level, new features, stylish packaging and the Sony tradition of providing consumers with quality electronic equipments, gadgets, and devices. High…...

Product Contamination
In October of 1982, seven people in Chicago died after taking Extra-Strength Tylenol (Effective crisis management). The product has been tampered with once it reached the shelves by an unknown suspect who had laced the capsules with lethal doses of Cyanide. efore the incident Tylenol had a thirty-seven percent market share and revenue of approximately $1.2 million. Immediately following the cyanide poisonings, its market share fell to only seven percent and some predicted the product would never recover. However, Johnson & Johnson initiated a successful public relations campaign that quickly revised the product.

Directly after discovering that the deaths in Chicago were caused by the Extra-Strength Tylenol, Johnson & Johnson made a decision to place customer safety ahead of company profits (Kaplan). Instead of trying to cover up the situation, the company immediately alerted consumers across the nation not to consume any type of Tylenol product. It warned consumers not…...

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Bibliography

Companies in Crisis - What to do when it all goes wrong. Retrieved February 28, 2005 from Web site:  http://www.mallenbaker.net/csr/CSRfiles/crisis02.html 

Effective crisis management. Retrieved February 28, 2005 from Web site: http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/Fall02/Susi/tylenol.htm

Kaplan, T. The Tylenol crisis: How effective public relations saved Johnson & Johnson. Retrieved February 28, 2005 from Web site: http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/w/x/wxk116/tylenol/crisis.html

Product liability is an area of law in which any organization that either makes products (manufacturers) or distributes to the public (makes available) may be held responsible for potential injuries that may be caused by those products. In the United States, claims for product liability are usually associated with some type of negligence, breach of warranty, or other consumer protection issues. However, the large majority of product liability laws vary considerably because they are determined from state to state. This, of course, makes it problematical to litigate across state boundaries, as well as ensure that manufacturing requirements are met more universally (Golden, 2000).
Case -- Jennings v. Baxter Healthcare Corporation. 331 Oregon 285.14.P.3d596 (2000)

In 1978, Plaintiff received silicone breast implants following a mastectomy. Both implants partially deflated: the first in 1980 (and was replaced), the second in 1992. In 1993, Plaintiff had the implants removed, and it was discovered that one…...

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WORKS CITED or CONSULTED

Baldwin, P., et.al., eds. (2009). Product Liability Case Digest, 2009-10. Frederick, MD:

Aspen Publishers., Page 323.

Golden, R.L. (2000). Product Liability Prevention: A Strategic Guide. Milwaukee, WI:

ASQ Quality Press.

Product and Service Design Processes
Product Executive Summary: Tire Design

The approach to designing tires is driven by a highly regulated product market. The standards for safety, ergonomic design and functionality are governed by a number of basic qualifying conditions that must first be met. Therefore, the appropriate design approach begins with ensuring that these conditions are met both in terms of design and the machinery and equipment that will be used to drive production.

Beyond this, design approach is governed by the required output of a given production facility. This, in turn, is determined by client demand and imposed shipping schedules and deadlines. By establishing partnerships with automakers and other larger production operations, the tire design process is governed by clear outlay of production expectations. Designing the production approach must center on achieving these expectations. For this to occur across multiple settings and with a wide range of partnerships of varying production…...

DiCenzo v. Best Products Company, Inc. (Dicenzo v. A-Best Products Co., Inc., 2008), is actually a compilation of several different personal injury actions filed against approximately 90 different defendants. Such filings are not unusual in the products liability field particularly in cases involving asbestos manufacture, sale and distribution. The wide use of asbestos and its popularity as a fireproofing and insulating material resulted in many firms becoming involved in the asbestos industry but when it was later determined that asbestos was also a serious carcinogen the high number of business involved in the industry also served to complicate the litigation process. The result was that many such cases were consolidated in order to avoid the litigation of the same issues over and over again. The instant case presents a classic example of how and why asbestos cases are so readily consolidated by the courts.
The named plaintiff, one of ninety,…...

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References

Brickman, L. (1992). The Asbestos Litigation Crisis: Is there a need for an administrative alternative? Cardozo Law Review, 1819-1889.

Chevron v. Huson, 404 U.S. 97 (U.S. Supreme Court 1971).

Cupp, R.L. (2003). Asbestos Litigation and Bankruptcy: A case study for Ad Hoc Public Policy Limitations on Joint and Several Liability. Pepperdine Law Review, 31-54.

Dicenzo v. A-Best Products Co., Inc., 120 Ohio St. 3d 149 (Ohio Supreme Court 2008).

Topic 1: The Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Workplace

Key Issues:
The potential for AI to automate jobs and displace human workers, leading to unemployment and economic insecurity.
AI's impact on workplace privacy and surveillance, with AI-powered monitoring systems potentially infringing on workers' rights.
The need for ethical guidelines and regulations governing the development and use of AI in the workplace, to ensure fairness and protect workers' rights.

Topic 2: The Ethics of Genetic Engineering and Human Enhancement

Key Issues:
The potential benefits of genetic engineering, such as curing diseases, improving cognitive abilities, and extending lifespan.
The ethical....

Importance of Understanding the Law on E-Commerce

E-commerce, or electronic commerce, has revolutionized the way businesses and consumers interact. With the rise of the internet and digital technologies, transactions are increasingly taking place online, creating both opportunities and challenges that require a thorough understanding of the legal framework governing e-commerce.

1. Consumer Protection

E-commerce laws aim to protect consumers from unfair or deceptive practices. Consumers have specific rights related to online purchases, including:

Right to Accurate Information: Merchants must provide clear and accurate information about products and services, including descriptions, prices, and delivery terms.
Right to Return Goods: Consumers may have the right....

Introduction:
Burkholderia cepacia is a Gram-negative bacterium that is often found in soil and water environments. It is considered an opportunistic pathogen that can cause infections in individuals with compromised immune systems, particularly those with cystic fibrosis. In recent years, there has been growing concern about the presence of B. cepacia in pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities, as it has the potential to contaminate products and pose a risk to public health.
Literature Review:
Several studies have been conducted to investigate the presence of B. cepacia in potable and purified water sources within pharmaceutical companies. In a study conducted by Santos et al. (2018), water....

Conclusion The Ethiopian legal framework for consumer judicial protection falls short in several key areas, leaving consumers vulnerable to exploitation and harm. In this essay, we have explored the need for comprehensive and effective consumer protection measures in Ethiopia and identified areas where the current framework fails to meet consumer needs. To enhance consumer judicial protection, Ethiopia should establish a specialized consumer court system that provides accessible, efficient, and affordable dispute resolution mechanisms. This would reduce the burden on the regular court system and ensure that consumer cases are handled by judges with expertise in consumer law. Additionally, Ethiopia should adopt a harmonized....