Overseers used cowhide whips and wooden clubs to enforce their rules, some more cruelly and arbitrarily than others. Whereas most did whip their slaves, some did so only for perceived necessity and without deriving pleasure or satisfaction from it; others did so with extreme and deliberately wanton cruelty, utterly without reason or "justification" even in the context of the time. Cruelty manifested itself I many other ways on plantations, such as by the forced overfeeding of any slave who was overheard to complain of being hungry for lack of sufficient food.
One fairly typical practice consisted of force feeding molasses or other heavy liquid foods to induce discomfort and vomiting in response to complaints of hunger, intended to convince the slave that being perpetually hungry was no worse than its alternative. On the other hand, amongst themselves, plantation owners were subject to shame for underfeeding their slaves; some of those…...

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References

Douglass, F (1995) Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. New York: Dover

Mercantilism Slavery Plantations
In order to understand what was taking place throughout history in the Chesapeake region, it is very important to be aware of what slavery was like there. The nature of slavery in the Chesapeake region was such that black people made up a very large segment of the population (Norton & Katzman, 2005). It all began in 1619 (Lewis, 1974). A Dutch vessel arrived in that year, and it carried 20 men from Africa. It docked in Jamestown, Virginia and the slave trade began there (Carr, 1991; Ciment, 2005). During the years following that "delivery" of slaves, more and more were brought to the Chesapeake region. In the 70 years between 1700 and 1770, for example, the population of slaves in that area went from 13,000 to more than 250,000 (Norton & Katzman, 2005). In 1775, the evolutionary War began. By that time, one-third of the population of…...

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References

Carr, L.G. (1991). Robert Cole's world: Agriculture and society in early Maryland. North Carolina: Chapel Hill.

Ciment, J. (ed). (2005). Colonial America: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural, and Economic History. New York: ME Sharpe Reference.

Lewis, R.L. (July, 1974). Slavery on Chesapeake iron plantations before the American Revolution. The Journal of Negro History. 59: 242-254.

Norton, M. & Katzman, D. (2005). A people and a nation, 7th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

ebellion to evolution
Slaves in Southern Plantations

In his 1979 book From ebellion to evolution, Genovese examines the change in the thrust of slave rebellions away from localized efforts focused on winning freedom to a movements couched in Marxist world view that were intended to overthrow slavery as a social system. Chapters 1 and 2 are reviewed below.

Slave evolts in Hemispheric Perspective

In this chapter, Eugene Genovese examines the slave revolts that occurred in the New World against a backdrop of modern world history. The great feat that Genovese accomplishes here is to connect the ideology of the slave revolts to that of the major revolutions that occurred in the late eighteenth century. He accomplishes this by grounding his comparison in an examination of conditions in the western hemisphere that fostered revolution and in his discussion of the history of slave guerrilla warfare.

Genovese offers a portrait of slavery in the western hemisphere…...

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Reference

Genovese, E.D. (1992). From Rebellion to Revolution: Afro-American Slave Revolts in the Making of the Modern World [Walter Lynwood Fleming Lectures in Southern History]. Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press.

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Plantation and Factory ules:
United States has always been the prime definition of change; however the years between 1800 and 1860 can be termed as the social revolution era for this country. Extensive evolution took place in the time period, which can be attributed to this change. Large population expansion was noted during these years, according to statistics it was 35% per decade, which to this date stands as the largest expansion rate of population in American history. This was also the time when U.S. started to experiment with technology, which complemented the continuous economic and societal transformations (Mooney, 1957). For the first time the concept of steam powered factories was being made common, also things like cargo boats and trains which were previously considered as only luxuries were now regularly being used for cargo and shipping purposes, making it easier to not only produce commodities but also move them from…...

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References

Clement Eaton. 1966. A history Of The Old South (Macmillian)

Clement Eaton. 1962. The Civilization Of The Old South (Kentucky Press)

Chase C. Mooney. 1957. Slavery In Tennessee (Indiana University Press)

Altman, Andrew. 2006. The Persistent Fiction of Harm to Humanity. Ethics & International Affairs 20, no. 3: 367.

However, the population was not self-sustaining and therefore depended on a continual influx of new laborers (p. 2). The result was to dramatically alter the world's demographic features, and not only those of the Americas and Africa. The plantation complex was also an offshoot of feudalism; its structure resembled medieval feudal societies in which a land-owning master exerted authority over his subjects but who was at the same time subject to his own political master. Finally, Curtin shows how the creation of highly specialized goods transformed the global market system, encouraging or even forcing nations from all corners of the globe to participate in a massive network of trading. In the early days of the plantation complex, Europeans used silver mined in South America to purchase goods from India which were in turn used to purchase slaves in Africa; those slaves were imported as property to the plantations in…...

Old South: Middle Florida's Plantation Frontier before the Civil War" by Edward E. aptist. 1. What is the big historical question; Summarize the main points of the questions or theories the author is trying to address in his/her work. 2. Where does the work fit in the existing historiography. 3. What evidence does the author use to make the case? 4. riefly summarize the author's findings. 5. How well does he/she make the case? Is the result believable? Why or why not? 6. What (if anything) is wrong with the work? Are there major gaps or inconsistencies?
Creating an Old South: Middle Florida's Plantation

Frontier before the Civil War"

In "Creating an Old South: Middle Florida's Plantation Frontier before the Civil War," Edward E. aptist presents a historical account of the era of migration to Middle Florida during the early 1800's and its creation of the plantation boom. aptist attempts this presentation…...

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Bibliography

Baptist, Edward E. Creating an Old South: Middle Florida's Plantation Frontier before the Civil War. University of North Carolina Press. 2002.

Plimoth Plantation," by William radford, and "The Life of William radford," by Cotton Mather. Specifically, it will compare the two writings, discussing what similarities are noted about the writers' styles and how the culture and history of the time, place, and person(s) are portrayed. Cotton Mather and William radford lived in different decades, and yet their writings are eerily similar in content and cultural beliefs. Mather and radford were both absolutely convinced of their "rightness," and their writing illustrates this vividly. Colonial Americans were devout, pious, righteous - they came to America because of their religious beliefs, and finally able to express them, they expressed them boldly and with great fervor.
WILLIAM RADFORD AND COLONIAL AMERICA

oth intensely religious and devout men, the writings of William radford and Cotton Mather both embody this devoutness, even while they show quite an un-Christian attitude about anyone who does not believe in exactly what…...

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Bibliography

Bradford, William. Bradford's History "Of Plimoth Plantation." Boston: Wright & Potter, 1901.

Mather, Cotton. "Galeacius Secundus: The Life of William Bradford, Esq., Governor of Plymouth Colony." New Bulgarian University. 24 May 2003.   (19 July 2003).http://www.nbu.bg/amb/american/1/mather/bradford.htm 

" Hence, the history of the rock has been distorted, Bush continues; the rock has been used to raise the public consciousness about great American ideas, "social movements, and political and religious trends; Plymouth Rock has been made to serve them all." Plymouth Rock seems "less a monument to the Pilgrims' First Landing than to America's relentless pursuit of a usable past..." Bush quotes again from Sahlins. Then the author adds, "e all want a piece of the Rock."
No matter that Plymouth Rock has perhaps been used at various times as a symbol of America's past; what is important is not the rock (or the fact that it has been chipped away), but rather what is vitally important is Bradford's remarkable historical journal, and the Mayflower Compact itself. America, the symbol known throughout the world for freedom of expression and religious choice, is indeed embodied permanently in those documents.

orks Cited

Bradford,…...

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Works Cited

Bradford, William. "From of Plymouth Plantation." The Norton Anthology of American

Literature. Ed. Nina Baym. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 156-197.

Bush, Sargent. "America's Origin Myth: Remembering Plymouth Rock." American

Literary History 12.4 (2000): 745-756.

However, Charlie is clever, despite the fact that he has not had the educational and social privileges enjoyed by the Colonel (as is indicated in his rough speech patterns in the story, which are very different from the Colonel's formal English and French). The 'Indian' as the author refers to him, begins to understand the worthlessness of the plantation and why the Colonel is so eager to buy, and then swap their two abodes. But before the two men can argue out their differences, the house falls into the cruel, muddy Mississippi, taking all of the Colonel's family with it into the water. The Colonel, bereft of his beloved daughters, dies of grief at the end of the story, and is eventually reunited with the girls and an image of his beloved home in paradise.

orks Cited

Cable, George ashington. (1874). Belles Demoiselles Plantation. Scribner and Sons.

Cornell University Library. Retrieved February 16,…...

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Works Cited

Cable, George Washington. (1874). Belles Demoiselles Plantation. Scribner and Sons.

Cornell University Library. Retrieved February 16, 2009 at  http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/moa-cgi?notisid=ABP7664-0007&byte=204088333

Woman / Plantation Mistress / Fires of Jubilee
The Fires of Jubilee: Nat Turner's Fierce Rebellion. By Stephen B. Oates. (New York:

HarperPerennial, 1990). 208 pages.

Stephen B. Oates was a professor African-American and U.S. history at the University of Massachusetts for most of his academic career. His most notable works chronicle the antebellum, Civil War, and Reconstruction eras of American history. He is particularly well-known for his biographies of the period including his works on Lincoln. The Fires of Jubilee: Nat Turner's Fierce Rebellion chronicles the life and rebellion of Nat Turner, the famous American slave rebel. Oates offers his historical work as a companion to as well as a rebuttal of some of the existing literature on Turner, including the famous novel by William Styron. Although an academic, Oates writes in an engaging and popular manner that has made many of his historical works of literature best sellers as well…...

This book is important because so much of black history centers on the experience of being a slave, rather than the experience of living together with others slaves and the development of culture and tradition. This book shows how black American culture really originated, and that the lives of slaves were incredibly hard, but enriching in their own right. The author's exhaustive research gives the reader a real glimpse into the everyday life of slaves, and indicates that they had a rich culture, appreciated their families, hoped desperately for freedom, and lived desperately hard lives. Even though their lives were difficult, they held on to hope and faith, which gave them the courage to continue. His research brings the slaves to life and makes the reader appreciate just how strong they had to be to survive.
This is a very interesting and adsorbing book. eading a slave's autobiography is one…...

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References

Blassingame, John W. (1977). The slave community: Plantation life in the Antebellum South. New York: Oxford University Press.

Declining Significance of Race by William Julius Wilson: Questions
What is the major theme of the reading?

Southern society was profoundly unequal not just in terms of race but also because of the sharp divisions of its social classes: Southern plantation owners made up a tiny minority of the population yet owned the majority of slaves. While slavery has existed since the beginning of time, Southern slavery took on a unique character. Laws classified slave and slave-owners by race. The economic, political, and legal apparatus of the South was orchestrated to ensure that slaveholders retained their dominant status. Property requirements barred poor whites as well as blacks from voting. The lack of economic mobility created a vicious cycle which affirmed plantation owners' dominance: because the economy was slave and land-based, there were few opportunities for others to find ways of making a living and to generate power for themselves. The rise…...

Slave Community. In the development of southern architecture slaves constructed both slave quarters as well as larger plantation homes. Choose 3 examples of these types of structures and discuss why they were used, they overall design (using terminology) and also the origins of the design ideas and why these design elements were incorporated into the buildings.
The plantation architecture in the South developed over centuries, reflected not only the evolution of the slave communities, but also their interaction with the owners, their cultural background and their integration in the economic structure of the South. Many of the phases in this development, including creolization, brought forth new elements in architecture, as well as in the anthropological and cultural evolution of these communities. The aim of this paper is to discuss Southern architecture with distinct examples from plantation houses and slave communities, with an additional perspective on creaolization and its impact.

A general characteristic…...

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Bibliography

1. Plantation Architecture in Alabama. 2011. Encyclopedia of Alabama. On the Internet at   Last retrieved on February 14, 2012http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1671 .

2. Buisseret, David. 2000. Creolization in the Americas. Texas A&M University Press

3. Edwards, Jay; Kariouk, Nicolas. 2004. A Creole lexicon. LSU Press.

4. Vlach, John Michael. 1993. Back of the big house. UNC Press Books

House of Bondage: The Transformation of the Plantation Household
In the book, Thavolia Glymph gives us an inspection of the power influences that are linked among white and black southern women that are in the interior of the traditional plantation household in the 18th century epoch, Civil ar. Also, immediately the aftermath of the Civil ar in the American South that is certainly exploiting chiefly slave accounts / dialogues and the documents and the memoires of white women that were concubines.

Thavolia Glymph, in Out of the House of Bondage, gives us a convincing look inside what life was like inside the southern plantation houses in pre-Civil ar south. In the book, the author showed us how life in the antebellum days had basically turned into what was considered a political showground, where subjected black women and white women contested against the implications of labor and independence during slavery and then…...

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Works Cited

Campbell, J. The Hero With a Thousand Faces. New York City: Bollingen, 1949.

The colonist's primary objective, as mentioned before, was to make money, and also try and drive out Spanish colonies. None of the colonists concentrated on survival and focused on their search for prosperity. Because of all the time spent on looking for gold or the route to China, and their lack of skills, the colonists were not prepared for the harsh upcoming winter. The results were devastating. During the winter of 1609-1610 almost ninety percent of the colony was wiped out, and only 50 out of the 500 colonists survived.
The government of the colony consisted of a governor and 12 council members, all whom were appointed. The government, named the Virginia Council, had no decision making power at all. Everything was sent over to England, settled there, and then sent back. This system was outrageously inefficient and often took several years for anything to be resolved. This absurd and…...

To tackle a three-page essay on the meaning of freedom for enslaved people in the United States, it is very important to keep in mind that there was no single idea of freedom.  The condition of slaves varied tremendously throughout the United States.  Some slaves lived near urban areas and had relatively high amounts of personal autonomy as well as exposure to free people of color, while other slaves were in isolation on plantations and may not ever encounter free people or color or even regularly encounter slaves held captive on other plantations.  In addition, men, women,....

Certainly! Here are a few potential essay topics related to deforestation:

1. The impact of deforestation on global climate change
2. The effects of deforestation on biodiversity and ecosystem health
3. The role of deforestation in contributing to natural disasters such as floods and landslides
4. The economic consequences of deforestation for local communities and industries
5. The social and cultural implications of deforestation for indigenous peoples and their traditional ways of life
6. The potential solutions and strategies for combating deforestation and promoting sustainable land management
7. The ethical considerations of deforestation and the responsibility of individuals and governments to protect forests
8. The relationship between deforestation....

Causes of Deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest:

1. Cattle Ranching:
Vast areas of the Amazon are cleared for cattle grazing, accounting for approximately 80% of deforestation.
Cattle ranching provides economic benefits to local communities and supports the global demand for meat.

2. Soybean Cultivation:
Soybean plantations are established on deforested land to meet the growing demand for animal feed and vegetable oils.
Soybeans are primarily exported to China and Europe.

3. Logging:
Valuable timber species, such as mahogany and rosewood, are illegally logged for export.
Logging contributes to forest degradation and loss of biodiversity.

4. Mining:
Industrial mining for gold, copper, and other minerals....

Title: The Bitter Bean: Core-Periphery Dynamics in the Global Coffee Industry

Introduction:
The global coffee industry vividly exemplifies the core-periphery relationships prevalent in the world economy. Core countries, such as the United States and Western Europe, exhibit economic dominance and control over production and distribution, while peripheral countries in the Global South, where coffee is primarily cultivated, experience exploitation and marginalization. This essay delves into recent news developments in the coffee industry and analyzes how they reflect these core-periphery dynamics.

Coffee Prices and Income Inequality:
Recent reports highlight the widening income gap between coffee producers and corporations. In 2023, the global coffee industry was....