Certainly, the most powerful demonstration of his approach to protection of his authority and the state against political dissent would come in the form of his uncompromising treatment of rebellion. The enormity and ethnic variations defining the Russian empire would subject it inherently to acts of rebellion, regional conflicts and various small but organized efforts at undermining the authority of the tsars. Peter took an extremely decisive approach to these threats to his authority, responding to rebellion with not the slightest withholding in retribution. This is best exemplified by the first uprising of his rule, where the streltsy emerged in support of the authority of his half-sister Sofia. Most acts of rebellion would come about in the opposition of Peter's apparently greater admiration for aspects of European rather than Russian culture. Accordingly, our research reports that "heavily influenced by his advisors from estern Europe, Peter reorganized the Russian army along…...
mlaWorks Cited:
Gordon, a. (1755). The History of Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia. London: F. Douglass and W. Murray.
Hughes, L. (2002). Peter the Great: A Biography. Yale University Press.
Levykin, a.K. (1999). Peter the Great (Peter Alexeevich). The Moscow Kremlin Museums. Online at http://www2.sptimes.com/Treasures/TC.2.3.6.html
NNDB. (2010). Peter the Great. Soylent Communications. Online at http://www.nndb.com/people/599/000078365/
rule of Peter the Great was characterized with Western orientation in all areas of Russian life, establishment of Russia as a military might and development of sciences and education imported again from the West. This paper discusses the causes behind the success of transformation of Russia during the reign of Peter, the Great.
PETER THE GREAT AND HIS EFFECTS ON RUSSIAN MODERNIZATION AND WESTERNIZATION
The groundwork for the Golden Age that Russia experienced between mid-eighteenth and mid-nineteenth century was laid down by Peter the Great who founded and established the paradigms required for Russia's supremacy. Peter the Great, the most influential czar and military leader in Russian history, literally transformed his country from an almost medieval backwater region into one of the world's great powers at the beginning of the eighteenth century. Russia had missed out on both the Renaissance and the Reformation, which left it nearly a century behind the rest…...
mlaBibliography
Anderson, M.S. Peter the Great. Addison Wesley: 1995.
Dickens, A.G. The Courts of Europe: Politics, Patronage and Royalty 1400-1800. McGraw-Hill, 1977.
Dukes, Paul. The Making of Russian Absolutism, 1613-1801. New York: Longman Press, 1982.
Hughes, Lindsey. Russia In The Age Of Peter The Great. Yale University Press: 1998.
Author Hughes notes, "More recently M.S. Anderson described the fleet as 'a gigantic, complex and expensive toy built and operated for [Peter's] personal gratification'" ("A Hero of Our Time" 42). In addition, Peter's reign changed ussia from a relatively minor power to a larger, world power, but it also changed the lives of the ussian people in numerous ways. The previous Muscovite era imposed few burdens on ussians other than taxes and their inability to simply change their community or tax burdens (aeff 22). The people acted and reacted according to custom, which was an all-encompassing part of ussian life, but Peter's rule changed all that.
Peter created what may be now called an early police state that dictated just about every aspect of people's lives, from education to industry and commerce. Peter did this to ensure the well being of his people, but many felt his edicts went against…...
mlaReferences
Editors. "Peter the Great." Saint-Petersburg.com. 2008. 1 May 2008. http://www.saint-petersburg.com/history/peter1st.asp
Hughes, Lindsey. Peter the Great: A Biography. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002.
Peter the Great: A Hero of Our Time?" History Review (1999): 42.
Mines, Linda Moss. "Peter the Great of Russia." Girls Preparatory School. 2008. 1 May 2008. http://staff.gps.edu/mines/Age%20of%20Abolutism%20-%20Bio%20Peter%20the%20Great.htm
Pushkin's Ambivalent Fealty To Peter The Great
Peter the Great's vision for Russia involved sweeping changes, changes so radical that although they brought about tremendous progress, they also crushed many old traditions ruthlessly. Alexandr Pushkin simultaneously admired the vision and determination shown by the ruler, and was troubled by the measures necessary to carry out the envisioned reforms.
The Bronze Horseman exemplifies this dual viewpoint. In the beginning, Peter the Great (referred to as "he" -"on"- as if his identity needed no explanation) contemplates the unpromising site of his projected city of St. Petersburg. In time, his vision is realized. "That city young, gem of the Northern world" became the world-class city envisioned by its founder. Pushkin's admiration for the achievement is palpable: "I love thee, city of Peter's making."
However, with the flood, the limits of human power and vision are exposed: "No Tsar, with God, is master over God's elements!" The…...
On a community level, getting to know one's neighbors, focusing on the local, even if one commutes to somewhere far away (and questioning the value of a job with a long community, if that job is not 'worth it,' in terms of time and personal sacrifice) is another building-block of creating a viable local community. Creating community parks, acting as a local advocate to preserve community open spaces, organizing neighborhood 'clean ups' and tree and flower beautification days, and encouraging teachers to incorporate the outdoors into school lesson plans help to foster a 'great remembering' of the natural world on a local basis.
Building a local garden, supporting local businesses that are 'green' and buying healthy food and other products that do not leave a large global footprint is important and so is helping others to do the same. Steps can be small but meaningful, even on a national level. You…...
mlaWorks Cited
Forbes, Peter. The Great Remembering: further thoughts of land, soul, and society.
San Francisco: The Trust for Public Lands, 2001.
Peter, Wendy & the Victorian ritish Family
In J.M. arrie's epic fantasy, Peter and Wendy, three children from Victorian England set off for a distant paradise of endless boy-centered adventures called 'Neverland'. This land that can be reached by Peter Pan's nonsensical directions, "second to the right, and then straight on till morning" (arrie 24), represents an upside-down world where the codes of Victorian England can be deeply analyzed and challenged. arrie utilizes the various characters and situations to illustrate how the ritish society of his time left no room for imagination, romanticism, or simple fun, which alienated men from their children and discouraged the latter from ever wanting to 'grow up' and become 'responsible'. Moreover, arrie illustrates the unjust roles that women are forced to play through the context of the story's matriarch, Wendy Darling. From knowledge of arrie's personal life and his usage of subtle, yet potent symbols and…...
mlaBibliography
Barrie, J.M. Peter Pan: Peter & Wendy & Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens.
London: Penguin, 2004
Birkin, Andrew. J.M. Barrie & the Lost Boys: The Love Story that Gave Birth to Peter
Pan. New York: Clarkson N. Potter, 1979.
Another argument which also regards this consideration is related to the fact that, even after his tragic disappearance, Peter Sellers' work still remains valuable and has not vanished from the public's consciousness. He is still present in classifications and constantly receives high scores. He was voted the 41st Greatest Movie Star of all time by Premiere Magazine and was also ranked in Empire's Magazine- "The Top 100 Movie Stars of All Time" list. In 2005, he was voted 14 in the list of the top 20 greatest comedians of all time, a classification realized by comedy insiders.
Also, a movie focusing on his life was recently released, which is another evidence that the world wide interest for this great actor remained the same, an interest that could only be provided for a personality of "the best."
That Peter Sellers is the best entertainer of the past period is stated not only by…...
Peter Drucker: Effective Executive Guide
According to Peter Drucker, being an effective leader means getting things done. Intelligence and imagination are often present in great abundance amongst higher-level executives, but the ability to be efficacious in the world is rare (Drucker 1-2). While manual workers can be judged fairly easily on output, it can be struggle to quantify managerial efficacy. First and foremost, managers must understand this and not confuse efficacy with 'creativity.' Their actions must have a concrete, direct purpose, and if they do not understand this they will not be successful leaders. For Drucker, success is not something undefined and elusive. It is meeting the goals set for the organization, and ensuring one's actions enable the organization to thrive.
The proliferation of professionals and knowledge-based workers is the source of much of the red tape that prevents things from 'getting done.' Too many workers have knowledge, but lack the ability…...
mlaReferences
Bartle, Bill. (2012). Participatory management. Community Empowerment Collective.
Retrieved: http://cec.vcn.bc.ca/cmp/modules/pm-pm.htm
Drucker, Peter F. (2006). The effective executive. Harperbusiness Essentials.
Karlgaard, Rich. (2004). Peter Drucker on leadership. Forbes. Retrieved:
Peter Drucker: Making Strength Productive as an Effective Executive
In his chapter entitled "Making Strength Productive," the management guru tackles the myth of the so-called 'enaissance Man' who can do everything well. Such people do not exist, he states. Everyone has strengths and weaknesses. The secret to success is finding out how to use one's strengths to one's advantage, and downplaying weaknesses. Focus on your strengths, rather than working on overcoming your weaknesses. This is true on an individual as well as an organizational level. In other words, if you are McDonald's, focus on making burgers, not on healthy food. Very strong people often have very great weaknesses, and sometimes these must be overlooked, or compensated for, so that their strengths shine.
"What can a man [or woman] do" should be the primary focus of the organization (Drucker 2006: 75). One of the great advantages of larger organizations is that they can…...
mlaReferences
Creative tension. (2009). The Economist. Retrieved:
http://www.economist.com/node/14460051
Drucker, Peter F. (2006). The effective executive. Harperbusiness Essentials.
According to Dirr, establishing standard policies is an issue that is still very much in the evolution stage, although much has been accomplished in this respect.
In this regard, Dirr notes that the Council of Regional Accreditation has developed new guidelines for distance education. These are by no means either established or fully accepted into the policies of all tertiary institutions. Indeed, they are still very much in the research stage. Furthermore, far from stabilizing the issue, Cook anticipates a new pedagogy as a result of the nature of distance education. Such a paradigm would entail a pedagogy that "shifts toward the learner and away from the teacher." Such a shift would also hold important implications for the future of research into the issue.
While clear policies are not currently in place, it therefore appears that both researchers and tertiary institutions themselves are aware of the importance of distance and online…...
A central aspect of his argument is that knowledge and knowledge acquisition is tending to replace the importance of revenue and property in modern society - which is another indication of the radical changes that are taking place in the emerging knowledge society.
Drucker suggests that the implications of the emphasis and status given to information may also have a negative and counter-productive effect, where performance and practical issues may be neglected in place of theory and the acquisition of formal knowledge for its own sake. Furthermore, he strongly suggests that the emergence of the knowledge society may also mean the possibility of a new class conflict between the minority of knowledge workers and the larger majority of those involved in more traditional and manually orientated work. An essential point that he makes is that the competitive position of counties will depend more on the productivity and quality of knowledge…...
They did not expect her to evolve into a ruler of any significance. They were wrong.
Catherine moved quickly to consolidate her power after taking the throne. She studied policy and reached out to consultants and political actors who would both aid her and prove trustworthy. She ruled with a lighter touch, perhaps, than her husband, but she was certainly no push-over. Alexander writes that "Her style of governance was cautiously consultative, pragmatic, and 'hands-on,' with a Germanic sense of duty and strong aversion to wasting time."
She had absolute power, but she acted with a certain reserve, at least initially, which belied the fact that she would eventually become known in history as a toughened despot. Perhaps this notion of Catherine the Great as a despot was introduced due to her later years when she seemed to indicate an unwillingness to allow her son to ascend the throne, or perhaps…...
mlaWorks Cited
Alexander, John T. Catherine the Great: Life and Legend (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1989).
Alexander, John T. "Catherine II." Encyclopedia of Russian History. (Cincinnati: Gale/Cengage, 2003).
Catherine II. Memoires of the Empress Catherine II, Written by Herself (New York: D. Appleton and Co, 1859)
De Madariaga, Isabel. Catherine the Great: A Short History (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002,
Nearly all of the attempts of Catholic Church to unite Orthodox Christians failed and what they achieved are religious hatred and distrust to Catholic Church.
Nowadays Catholicism has more than a billion followers all over the world. Their spiritual leader Pope John Paul II does a great work to make a dialogue between different confessions and does a lot to reconcile the representatives of different confessions. Bartholomew I, who is the Archbishop of Constantinople, is the leader of nearly 300 million Orthodox Christians (who mostly live in eastern and Southern Europe, Middle East and North Africa). More over Patriarch of Constantinople is simply "the first among equals" and does not have any supreme power over other patriarchs. John Paul II looks for the ways to keep the dialogue with Orthodox Church and looks for the ways for reconciliation, but Orthodox Church is not really enthusiastic in this process. ussian patriarch Alexiy…...
mlaReferences
Ware, K. The Orthodox Church [2nd Edition]. London, Penguin Books, 1993.
Lameygh, E. CICM "The Laity in History" in East Asian Pastoral Review, Vol XXIII No.3 1986
Baldwin, M.W. Christianity Through the Thirteenth Century, New York: Harper & Row, 1970. p.182-183
Differences between Roman Catholic Church and Orthodox Christian Churches, Article the Associated Press Saturday, May 8, 1999
Fitzgerald wrote his novel during the Roaring 1920s, but his book seems uniquely relevant to our own times. The Roaring 1920s was coming to a rapid slow-down of material prosperity, and questions of who was a 'real' American arose as social mobility had introduced individuals of new races and ethnicities into higher American society. Fitzgerald suggests that it is important to question what lies beneath the veneer of American society and good breeding. He demanded his readers also carefully examine the assumption we can all pull ourselves up by our own bootstraps, and whether the material goals we strive for will really bring fulfillment at all.
orks Cited
Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Hayes Barton Press, 2007.
Mellard, James. "Counterpoint as Technique in "The Great Gatsby." The English Journal.
55. 7. (Oct., 1966): 853-859.
Millet, Frederick. "The Great Gatsby: Analysis." Michigan State University. 2004.
October 12, 2008. https://www.msu.edu/~millettf/gatsby.html
Pearson, Roger L. "Gatsby: False Prophet…...
mlaWorks Cited
Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Hayes Barton Press, 2007.
Mellard, James. "Counterpoint as Technique in "The Great Gatsby." The English Journal.
55. 7. (Oct., 1966): 853-859.
Millet, Frederick. "The Great Gatsby: Analysis." Michigan State University. 2004.
St. Peter's Basilica is located in Vatican City, and was consecrated in 1626 (Saint). It is among the largest of the world's churches and is considered to be one of the holiest of Catholic sites on the planet. The church's namesake, St. Peter, is buried there, as well, and believed to be located directly below the altar (Saint). There has been a churched located on that site since oman Times, which is part of the reason St. Peter's in seen as so valuable when it comes to architecture and its place in the Catholic Church. Liturgical functions are held there, and it is also a common and very famous place for pilgrimage.
When the Pope gives services there, several times per year, between 15,000 and 80,000 people come out to hear him speak (St. Peter's). Even those who are not Catholic or religious in any way have often heard of and…...
mlaReferences
Bannister, Turpin. "The Constantinian Basilica of Saint Peter at Rome." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 27(1): 3 -- 32. 1968. Print.
Frommel, Christoph. "Papal Policy: The Planning of Rome during the Renaissance in The Evidence of Art: Images and Meaning in History." Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 17(1): 39 -- 65. 1986. Print.
Saint Peter's Basilica. Vatican City State. 2014. Web.
Scotti, R.A. Basilica: the Splendor and the Scandal -- Building of St. Peter's. NY: Plume. 2007. Print.
1. The rise and fall of the Russian Empire
2. The impact of Peter the Great on Russian history
3. The role of the Russian Revolution in shaping modern Russia
4. The Soviet Union under Stalin's rule
5. The Cold War and its effects on Russia
6. The fall of the Soviet Union and the transition to a market economy
7. The role of Russia in World War II
8. The cultural and artistic history of Russia, including literature, music, and visual arts
9. Gender roles and women's rights in Russian history
10. The legacy of Tsarist Russia in modern-day Russia
11. The impact of the Mongol invasions on Russia's....
The Romanov Dynasty: A Tale of Power, Intrigue, and Downfall
Trace the origins and rise of the Romanov family to power.
Analyze the key events and figures during the dynasty's reign, including the Time of Troubles and the reign of Peter the Great.
Examine the political, social, and cultural impact of the dynasty on Russian history.
Discuss the causes and consequences of the dynasty's downfall during the Russian Revolution.
The Reign of Peter the Great: Transformation and Expansion
Describe the major reforms and policies implemented by Peter the Great during his reign.
Analyze the economic, military, and cultural impact of Peter's....
1. The Role of Ivan the Terrible in the Foundation of Russia
2. The Impact of Mongol Rule on the Development of Russia
3. The Influence of Byzantine Culture on the Formation of Russia
4. The Importance of Christianity in Uniting and Shaping Early Russian Society
5. The Expansion of Russia under Peter the Great
6. The Reforms of Catherine the Great and their Impact on Russian Society
7. The Role of Serfdom in the Russian Economy and Society
8. The Impact of the Decembrist Revolt on the Development of Russian Political Thought
9. The Role of the Russian Orthodox Church in Shaping Russian Identity
10. The Legacy of....
1. The Origins of the Kievan Rus' and the Emergence of a Unified Slavic State:
Explore the historical, cultural, and geographic factors that contributed to the rise of the Kievan Rus' state.
Analyze the role of the Varangians, Slavs, and other ethnic groups in the development of a unified Slavic society.
Discuss the significance of Vladimir the Great's conversion to Christianity and its impact on the state's identity.
2. The Mongol Invasion and its Transformative Influence on Russian Society:
Examine the reasons for the Mongol conquest of Russia and its devastating consequences on the population and economy.
Analyze the political and....
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