Persepolis, a memoir, written in French as a graphic novel is a semi-humorous take on the author's experiences of growing up in revolutionary Iran.
Persepolis begins with the depiction of Marjane in 1980. She is 10 years old and part of a group of girls who are all wearing the veil. Almost hidden on the left hand side of the page, she is dour as are all the others who do not understand why they have to wear this veil. All complain that it is hot and some take off the veil and continue jumping rope without it.

In pre-Revolutionary Iran, Marjane had studied in a school that was sexually mixed. The "Cultural Revolution" closed all bilingual schools that were alleged to be manifestations of capitalism and so the schools became gender segregated. In 1980, Marjane had to transfer to an all-girls school.

Demonstrations occurred both for and against the Cultural Revolution, and…...

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Keddie, NR. (2003) Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution, Yale University Press: New Haven.

Satrapi, M (2003) Persepolis, Paris: Pantheon Books.

Tabari, A. (1986) The Women's Movement in Iran: A Hopeful Prognosis, Feminist Studies 12, no.2, Summer, pp. 342-360.

Persepolis
Love of Country in Persepolis

The graphic novel Persepolis: The Story of Childhood offers a glimpse into the life of an expatriate of Iran, Marjane Satrapi. The work is detailed in its representation of the turmoil that was experienced by many people during the Islamic Revolution that took place from 1978-1979 and effected women disproportionately. Iran before the Islamic Revolution was notably progressive, with women and men able to mix in professional and educational settings and women had a conservative choice about dress and professional and personal development, after the Islamic revolution the nation was in turmoil and though as many if not more women supported the Islamic Revolution many challenges were faced. Some of these challenges are supported in Persepolis, such as the closing of Marjie's mixed gender secular school and the demand to wear the veil and for her to attend an all girls' school.

It is clear that these…...

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Works Cited

Moghadam, Valentine M. Islamic Feminism and Its Discontents: Toward a Resolution of the Debate. (Summer 2002) Signs. 27 (4) 1135-1171, Web. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3175948 

Satrapi, Marjane Persepolis: The Story of Childhood. New York, NY: Pantheon, 2003.

Tobart, Akbar E. The Brain Drain from Iran to the United States (Spring 2002) Middle East Journal. 56 (2) 272-295, Web.

Persepolis is Marjane Satrapi's graphic novel depicting the impact of the Islamic Revolution on daily life in Iran. In particular, Satrapi comments on the effects of the Revolution on education and specifically the education of women. The opening scenes of the book depict the school mandating the veil for all females and banning bilingual education because it represents "capitalism" and European imperialism. Although Satrapi satirizes the occasion with good humor, the scene is filled with foreboding. Marjane's mother protested against the veil, her picture displayed in local newspapers. As a result, she dyed her hair and wore glasses so that she would not be recognized. Satrapi depicts the veil serves as an apt symbol of the government's putting blinders on its citizens. Cut off from valid sources of information, the Persian people receive a veiled version of reality. One of the themes in Persepolis is how the government spins the…...

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Works Cited

Satrapi, Marjane. Persepolis. Pantheon, 2003.

Marjane looks over at the iron on the ironing board and is forced to recognize the horror of war through a simple everyday object. (Satrapi, 54). She begins to imagine the many ways to torture people (Satrapi, 53) and eventually allows her religion to help her feel safe. Marjane's experience with traumatic events alters her identity with her society and with her God. Religion is what is familiar to Marjane, as she states that she was born with her religion (Satrapi, 6) and children desire that which is familiar to them. In the face of trauma, children seek out that which is familiar to them. In this case, the trauma strengthened Marjane's bond with her God. Through Persepolis, one can recognize that in many situations the religious bond with God is directly related to a loss of innocence.
Satrapi's story of a child caught in the middle of the Iranian…...

Krik Krat & Persepolis
The Conflict of Culture

There are a plethora of similarities that exist between Marjane Satrapi's The Complete Perseopolis and Edwidge Danticat's "A all of Fire Rising," one of the short stories in her collection of tales known as Krik? Krak!. Each of these respective works revolves around cultural conflicts between the main characters and their surroundings. Also, the setting for both of these pieces of literature takes place in the background of a revolution. There are constant references in Danticat's story to the Haitian Revolution, while the essential premise of Perseopolis is the dramatic cultural changes that take place in Iran as a result of the Iranian Revolution. Conflicts that stem from the forced merging of cultures and values are at the forefront of each of these stories, and allows for much of the dramatic action that takes place within them. However, a detailed examination of the text…...

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Works Cited

Danticat, Edwidge. Krik? Krak! New York: Vintage. 1996. Print.

Satrapi, Marjane. The Complete Perseopolis. New YorkL Pantheon. 2007. Print.

Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi
Persepolis is a book that tells the story of Marjane Satrapi and is entitled as the story of a childhood. The author of the book was born on the edge of the Caspian Sea in Iran and grew up in Tehran. During her stay in Tehran, Satrapi studied at the Lycee Francais and left for Vienna and later Strasbourg for studies in decorative arts. The book tells the story of her youth in Iran in the 1970s and 80s, especially with regards to life through the Islamic evolution and the Iraqi war. In telling the story about Satrapi's childhood, the book explains the author's once outrageous and ordinary childhood, which is also characterized with extraordinary, unimaginable, and loving family. Notably, the story of Marjane Satrapi in Persepolis contains two major revolutions with different reactions. The first revolution is regarding the overthrows of the Shah while the second…...

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Reference:

Satrapi, M. (n.d.). Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood Summary. Retrieved June 26, 2014, from  http://www.gradesaver.com/persepolis-the-story-of-a-childhood/study-guide/short-summary

Gillian Sarofim
Prof. instead The Veil

In Persepolis, Marjane Satrapi uses the veil to represent the changes that occurred as a result of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. In Satrapi's young mind, the veil acts as the only material and symbolic reality aspect of the revolution. The story unfolds with condensing, yet loaded images. Satrapi uses the playful images of young girls as a way of foreshadowing her later thoughts of the changing times in Iran. Satrapi's feelings towards the veil are similarly contrasting. Her upbringing allows her to think freely, yet her surroundings force her to think a certain way about religion. The new Iranian government attempts to use the veil as a representation of modesty, however, Satrapi indicates that the veil truly represents a government's oppression on her people. Looking through a veil, for instance, means that one sees only a limited picture of reality, and one is not seen…...

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Works Cited

Davis, R. "A Graphic Self." Prose Studies 27.3 (2005): 264-79. Print.

Devery, D. "The Rise of Totalitarian Regimes in the 20th Century." May 2008. Maxwell.syr.edu. Web. November 2013. .

Jones, R.A. "Durkheim's Suicide." June 1986. durkheimn.uchicago.edu. Web. November 2013. .

Satrapi, M. Persepolis. New York: Vintage, 2008. Print.

The Miracle Worker. New York: Bantam, 1960.
ISBN: 0553247786 9780553247787, 122 pages, play. Appropriate for all audiences, intended primarily for adults but of interest to early adolescents and up. High critical appraise and winner of the Tony Award for Best Play in 1960, the year following the script's debut on Broadway.

This play is based on the autobiography of Helen Keller, focusing on the character of Helen's teacher Anne Sullivan and the struggle and ultimate triumph of this woman's struggle to teach Helen how to communicate and understand the world around her. Dramatic action must serve as a substitute for more direct textual exposition, making a reading of the play somewhat lackluster in comparison with viewing a full performance of the script. The characters are fully realized and highly compelling, however, and though the plot is generally well-known amongst most readers of a certain age level, the details and lifelike qualities…...

Injustice anywhere," King went on, "is a threat to justice everywhere."
As to the social and racial injustices King is speaking of, a bit of background into conditions in the South - and specifically, in Alabama - is worthy of some space in this paper. In fact, just a few years prior to the civil rights activism in Birmingham (that saw King arrested and placed in a jail), the lynching of African-Americans in Alabama was not uncommon. The New York Times (August 30, 1933) reported that two "Negroes" were found lynched near Birmingham on a Sunday morning, but the good news was "mob murders have declined"; indeed, the paper reported, "...in the last ten years there have only been four lynchings" in Alabama. And on July 26, 1947, The New York Times quoted the Tuskegee Institute's data that "six out of every seven potential lynchings have been prevented" over the…...

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Works Cited

Bass, Jonathan S. Blessed Are the Peacemakers: Martin Luther King. Jr., Eight White

Religious Leaders, and the "Letter from Birmingham Jail." Baton Rouge: Louisiana State

University Press, 2001

King, Martin Luther. Letter from Birmingham Jail. Essential Documents in American

But the girls can read the text from Lolita's point-of-view. They can appreciate her powerlessness, as they are powerless in the context of a state, held in the force of an oppressive regime even if the book is not explicitly about Iran.
Nafisi defends her choice of European classics because they uphold the integrity of the individual, and the individual was given scant appreciation in Tehran at the time. A pro-Revolutionary Iranian might have suggested an uplifting, dull theological text as appropriate reading for the girls. An anti-Iranian activist might have suggested a political tract against the regime should have been the focus of the group's secret reading.

By stressing that an individual is important outside of politics, and his or her inner life is worthy of creative and varied interpretation, Nafisi states that she was committing the most radical choice of texts of all. This is Nafisi would defend Lolita…...

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Works Cited

Nafisi, Azar. Reading Lolita in Tehran. New York: Random House, 2003.

However, according to some views, "Mahmoody's story of being held hostage in Iran was considered to have great commercial potential and the movie rights were sold before the book was even begun." (McAlister, 162-163) Therefore both the content and the way it was written enabled a rather easy access of the reader to the message the book tried to convey.
On the other hand, Satrapi, a regular graphic artist for The New Yorker, chose to tell her story using the technique of the graphic novel, a type of novel which combines both writing and pictures. This technique is used in general in order to express ideas about issues that would otherwise lack attention from the wider public. Therefore, multicultural graphic novels "can create a bridge to ideas and stories that some young readers might never be interested in or otherwise encounter." (ilson, 32) From the writer's point-of-view, "Graphic novels are…...

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Works Cited

American Entertainment International Speakers Bureau. Betty Mahmoody. AE Speakers Bureau website. 2006. 12 December 2006  http://www.aeispeakers.com/Mahmoody-Betty.htm 

Goldberg, Michelle. "Sexual revolutionaries." Salon Media Group website. 2005. 12 December 2006 http://dir.salon.com/story/books/int/2005/04/24/satrapi/index.html

Mahmoody Betty, and William Hoffer. Not Without My Daughter. New York: St.

Martin's Press, 1991

Men are the focal point in the sculpture, Darius and Xerxes Receiving Tribute. Darius is raised on a higher level than his subjects are. He appears taller than the others, even while sitting. There is a direct order in the status of the men who are coming to pay tribute to him. His most important guests are in front of the line. The least important guests are at the rear. He is holding his staff in his right hand, the sign of a ruler. Darius felt that he was all power and "...king of the earth" (Ancient Mesopotamia).
The Persians ordered men from conquered cities to bring gifts to the Persian ruler, the theme of the sculpture. This sculpture was found in the Apadana, one of the most impressive buildings in the area. The building is decorated with several depictions of nobles and others carrying gifts to the king. The gifts…...

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Works Cited

Ancient Mesopotamia. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on October 3, 2002. http://www.bullis.org/edprograms/socialstudies/Mesopotamia/meso.htm#P

Art 101. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on October 3, 2002. http://webed.vw.cc.va.us/vwbaile/pages_art101/101distance/lectures_distance/101dmesp.html#Persians

Persepolis and Ancient Iran, the Apadana. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on October 3, 2002.  http://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/MUS/PA/IRAN/PAAI/PAAI_Apadana.html

This occurred in 330 BC, and Zoroaster's date would then be 588 BC, and this date we may take to refer to the initial success of his prophetic mission which consisted in the conversion of King Visht-spa when Zoroaster was forty years old. Since he is traditionally said to have lived seventy-seven years, we will not be far wrong in dating him at 628-551 BC. It seems also to be generally agreed that the Prophet's sphere of operation in which his message was proclaimed was ancient Chorasmia -- an area comprising, perhaps, what is now Persian Khorasan, estern Afghanistan, and the Turkmen Republic of the U.S.S.R. (Zaehner, R.C., 1961, 33)."
Ayala's science takes the mitochondrial Eve back even before what we know about Zoroastrianism, but we really have no accurate date of the monotheistic tradition as it arises out of Zoroastrianism, because there are no written artifacts that support its…...

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Works Cited

 http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=29306390 

Blackwell, Richard J. 1999. Science, Religion and Authority: Lessons from the Galileo Affair. Milwaukee: Marquette University Press. Book online. Available from Questia,   Accessed 3 November 2008.http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=29306390.Internet .

Dembski, William and Charles Colson. 2004. The Design Revolution: Answering the Toughest Questions about Intelligent Design. Intervarsity Press, Downers Grove, Il.

Dembski, William and McDowell, Sean. 2008. Understanding Intelligent Design: Everything You Need to Know in Plain Langauge. Harvest House Publishers. Eugene, Oregon.  http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=103534752

Consequences of these choices only compound his deep-seated insecurities. (Zushi)
Both Ben and Miko are Japanese-Americans, and their shared ethnic background impacts on their lives in significantly different ways. Miko is proactive and politicised -- she is the assistant organiser of a film festival showcasing Asian-American talent. Ben, meanwhile, is a depressive manager of a local cinema, seemingly content in his life of slow-burning frustration and -- not surprisingly -- covert masturbation.

Sexual stereotyping is at the heart of the story. The title itself is a reference to Ben's feeling of inadequacy in the trousers department (underneath the dust jacket, the book cover bears a life-size image of a ruler). At one point, Ben recalls a "stupid joke": "hat's the difference between Asian men and Caucasian men?" The punchline -- "the cauc" -- is both funny and deeply uncomfortable. "I actually heard a girl tell that joke in college! I was…...

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Works Cited

The Columbia World of Quotations. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996. 16 Jan. 2008 www.bartleby.com/66/.

The Comic-Book Heroes with a Touch of Genius." The Daily Mail (London, England) 22 Dec. 2006: 64. Questia. 15 Jan. 2008  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5018563927 .

A www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107528075

Dunford, Richard. "Chapter 4 Developing a Research Proposal." Surviving Your Thesis. Ed. Suzan Burton and Peter Steane. New York: Routledge, 2004. 46-58. Questia. 15 Jan. 2008  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107528130 .

They also counted with cavalry and carts.
However on thin passages or gorges, the Persian cavalry could not display its full power and their number superiority was blocked, since their spears were shorter than the Greek weapons. The narrow battlefield of the gorge forced them to fight almost in equal number with the Greek army, forcing them to retreat after two days of battle.

The Persian army achieved important victories: the Greek fleet was rejected on the Artemisium cape and, after the victory over Leonidas of Sparta and his 300 men on the gorge of Thermopylae, the news of the first Persian victories spread over the country and discouraged the Greek army that retreated from battle, bringing new victories for Xerxes's army. The Persians devastated Boeotia and the Attica, reaching Athens.

After the Thermopylae defeat, on August of 480 B.C., in Athens there was consternation. However, instead of surrendering, the Athenians made…...

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References

Abbott, Jacob. Makers of History: Xerxes. New York: Kessinger, 2007.

Biography of Xerxes." 16 Aug. 2007.  http://www.sacklunch.net/biography/X/Xerxes.html .

Buckley, Jonathan. Xerxes. Fourth Estate, 2000

Davis, William Stearns. A Victor of Salamis: A Tale of the Days of Xerxes, Leonidas and Themistocles. New York: Kessinger Publishing, 2005