Palliative Care represents an approach that aims at improving the quality of life of patients and their families experiencing the problem in association with life-threatening illness. This is through prevention and relief of the suffering process by means of early identification of the illness and impeccable assessment and eventual treatment of pain and other related problems. Palliative care offers crucial development to patients by affirming life and regarding death as a normal process. The medical process also performs the vital role in relieving the patients from the pain and other distressing symptoms. Palliative care practices neither hasten nor postpone death. This is through offering significant support system to patients in the process of pain until death. Palliative care also enables the health personnel to address the issues of the patients and their families in relation to the suffering. In the contemporary world, several arguments are in place to understand the…...

mla

New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011

Dyck, Arthur. Life's Worth: The Case against Assisted Suicide. Eerdmans, 2002.

Lynn, Joanne, Janice Lynch Schuster, and Joan Harrold. Handbook for Mortals: Guidance for People Facing Serious Illness, 2nd ed. Oxford Univ Press, 2011

Palliative Care Queensland is basically an independent not for profit body that represents the palliative care providers, consumers and their families. This organization is concerned with people who have an interest in palliative care in Queensland (The State of Queensland, 2013). This organization works in favor of the people who want to provide ideal quality care at the end of life for all the residents of Queensland. Since this company is a part of the Palliative Care Australia network, it hopes to meet the national aims at the State level.
Palliative care is a very important aspect of the society because a person is meant to go through it at one time or another. In order to get a global perspective on it, it should be noted that over fifty million Americans assist a family member with an illness or a disability on a regular basis. (McMillan et.al, 2006) Palliative care…...

mla

Bibliography:

Australian Institute of Health & Welfare (2007).

Cancer Council Queensland (2009). Palliative Care.

Government Response to Recommendations. Health and Community Services Committee, Palliative and community care in Queensland: towards person-centred care (Report No. 22). .

McMillan, S.C., Small, B.J., Weitzner, M., Schonwetter, R.,Tittle, M., Moody, L., & Haley, W.E. (2006). Impact of coping skills intervention with family caregivers of hospice patients with cancer. Cancer, 106(1), 214-222.

Palliative Nursing
FOR END-OF-LIFE CASES

Palliative Care Nursing Theories

Theories and a Theoretical Framework for Nursing

A nursing theory helps structure decisions and practice for the nurse professional (Scribd, 2014). The three major types are the grand theory, the middle-range theory and the nursing practice theory. The use of any of these theories enables the nurse to provide more effective patient care more efficiently. Grand theories deal with the overall nature and goals of nursing, as discussed by Marilyn Parker in "Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice." The scope is broad and synthesizes nursing experience, observations and scholarship. Middle-range theories deal with specific and applicable concepts and research to nursing practice. They make available many practical strategies to the nurse in delivering quality patient care. And nursing practice theories tackle issues and questions relating to specific populations or settings. They provide models t help nurses address day-to-day practice experiences (Scribd).

The Comfort Theory

This theory was developed…...

mla

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Kolcaba, K. (2011). Comfort theory. Nursing Theories: Current Nursing. Retrieved on January 31, 2014 from  http://www.currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/comfort_theory_Kathy_Kolcaba.html 

Lyles, E.W., et al. (2011). A shift to early palliative care. Vol. 15 # 3, Journal of Clinical

Oncology: Oncology Nursing Society. Retrieved on January 31, 2014 from  http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/45542_4 

March, A. (2009). Nursing theory -- directed healthcare. Continuing Education: Holistic

No body of evidence has developed to support these concerns, influential though they have been.
It is helpful to recognize that they are not new issues, but have frequently been identified and applied to many groups and individuals. Such concerns have often been associated with traditions of 'protecting' (vulnerable) service users, issues of 'gate keeping' by service providers and paternalistic health and welfare cultures (Brownell, 2006). This is in sharp contrast to more recent thinking that patients and service users should have the chance to be 'co-producers' of their own welfare.

Stress, Anger in Communications

Although most assessments of bereaved children have not included symptoms of traumatic stress, recent reports of these symptoms as a component of some children's responses to loss have made them a necessary part of grief assessment and intervention. The study of trauma and grief emerged from different practice experiences and theoretical frameworks. Only in the past two…...

mla

Works Cited

Aday, RH. 2005. Aging Prisoners' Concerns Toward Dying in Prison. OMEGA: The Journal of Death and Dying 52:199-216.

Beach, S.R, et al. 2005. Risk Factors for Potentially Harmful Informal Caregiver Behaviors. Journal of 'the American Geriatrics Society 53: 255-61.

Butler, S. 2005. Depression and Caregiver Burden Among Rural Elder Caregivers. Journal of Gerontological Social Work 46: 47-63.

Baarsen, B., and Broese van Groenou, M.I. 2001. Parmer Loss in Later Life: Gender Differences in Coping Shortly After Bereavement. Journal of Loss and Trauma 6: 243-62.

Palliative Care/Gibbs
DESCRIPTION

Palliative care is comfort care for an individual who is no longer in need or desires life saving care. Most palliative care is offered near the end of life. Palliative care often takes a more holistic approach where therapeutic touch, pain management and a higher degree of interpersonal communications occur between the nurse and patient and the nurse and family occur. Members of the health care team often approach the situation by working together to ensure that both patient and family are offered palliative intervention both on a schedule (with pain management care) and sometimes on demand responding to newly emerging needs for both medical and social intervention and information surrounding the comfort needs of the patient. Doctors are often called upon to respond to new orders associated with patient symptoms on a 24-hour period some examples would be ordering increases in pain medication depending on level of pain…...

27).
Participants

This study will include a sample of 100 registered nurses working at two large medical centers including nurses working in intensive care and long-term care facilities. The study will also include a sample of 100 patients in the same settings. All participants will range in age from 40-80, and will include a random selection of male and female patients and caregivers.

Design, Setting, Instruments

Patients will be provided a questionnaire to fill out that assesses their attitudes, beliefs and feelings about the care provided to them in the past, and the care they expect from their healthcare providers. Nurses will be provided a 10 question questionnaire that will include a discussion of their roles, their attitudes and beliefs about palliative care and their involvement in palliative care decision-making processes. Nurses will also be asked to describe the level of interaction they have with patients and the education they offer patients about…...

mla

References

Carmel, S., Werner, P. & Ziedenberg, H. (2004). Nurses' and social workers' attitudes and beliefs about and involvement in life-sustaining treatment decisions. Health and Social Work, 29(1): 27.

Coulton, C.J. (1990). Research in patient and family decision-making regarding life sustaining and long-term care. Social Work in Health Care, 15(1): 63-78.

Csikai, E.L. (1999). The role and experience in determining social workers' attitudes toward euthanasia and assisted suicide. Social Work in Health Care, 30(1): 75-95.

DeMarrais, K. & Lapan, S.D. (2004). Foundations for research: Methods of inquiry in education and the social sciences. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Will's desire to withdrawal all life support and refuse his treatment
is supported by legal precedent, even though it is likely that his refusal
of treatment will result in his death. Conversely, Will does not have the
legal right to demand treatment or intervention which would hasten his
death. Therefore, were Will placed on life support, and it was known that
his desire was not to have such support given to him, then this could be
withdrawn. There is a catch-22 situation in the Supreme Court has found
that while laws which prohibit physician assisted suicide are not
considered unconstitutional, laws permitting physician assisted suicide are
not unconstitutional. The withdrawal of intervention on Will's part is
based on the assumption that Will's request for the removal of intervention
is a rational one, in light of his illness, his pain and his desire to
avoid becoming a burden to his family and experience a death like his
mother had. For a physician to administer…...

Palliative Care for Terminal and Non-Terminal Patients
Although palliative care is sometimes viewed as a synonym for care for patients with terminal illnesses, a wide variety of different types of patients can benefit from palliative care. "Palliative care is an interdisciplinary medical specialty that focuses on preventing and relieving suffering and on supporting the best possible quality of life for patients and their families facing serious illness" (Meier, McCormick, & Arnold 2015). Palliative care can operate in conjunction with curative methods for non-terminal patients, such as patients experiencing chronic pain, or can be used with patients suffering from terminal illness to make end-of-life care for themselves and their families less painful physically and psychologically. WHO defines palliative care as: "An approach that improves the quality of life ... through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical,…...

mla

References

The debate in hospice care (2008). Journal of Oncology Practice, 4 (3): 153-157.

Retrieved from:  http://jop.ascopubs.org/content/4/3/153.full 

Meier, D., McCormick, E., & Arnold, R. (2015). Benefits, services, and models of subspecialty palliative care. UptoDate. Retrieved from:  http://www.uptodate.com/contents/benefits-services-and-models-of-subspecialty-palliative-care

It might appear simple to claim one has possession of these competencies yet, a breakdown in communication and the ability to discern the patients mental and physical condition will render health care incapable of fulfilling any of the competencies stated by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing. The palliative care nurse who is well educated and trained will know that prior to the progressive stages of the disease, the patient and family members, as well as the nurse must commit to a plan used for communication. It cannot be stressed how critically important it is that communication methods be anticipated by all parties. If the nurse is competent then palliative care specialists may be unnecessary and this is optimal in that extra involvement from unknown care staff during the end-of-life period is often stressful to both the patient and their family members. The nurse who possesses the stated…...

mla

Bibliography

Ferrell, Betty R. And Coyle, Nessa (2002) an Overview of Palliative Nursing Care. American Journal of Nursing May 2002 Vol. 102 No. 5

Peaceful Death: Recommended Competencies and Curricular Guidelines for End-of Life Nursing Care (1998) American Association of Colleges of Nursing Feb. 1998. Online available at  http://www.aacn.nche.edu/Education/deathfin.htm 

Kristjanson, Linda J.; Toye, Christine; and Dawson, Sky (2003) New Dimensions in Palliative Care: A Palliative Approach to Neurodegenerative Diseases and Final Illness in Older People. Palliative Care - the Medical Journal of Australia. 2003; 179 (6 Suppl): S41-43.

Hisory of Palliatve Care
Palliative Care

Palliative Care Methods

Palliative care entails assisting patients get through pain caused by different diseases. The patient may be ailing from any diseases, be it curable or untreatable. Even patient who are sick and almost passing away will need this care. Palliative care has characteristics that differentiate it to hospice care. The key role for palliative care is to help in improving the existence of someone and help people manage the pain they experience when they are sick (Ferrell & Coyle, 2010). The care system has been helpful and has assisted lots of people suffering from severe illness learn various way that they can manage the pain they feel. Ones someone learns the various methods to sustain the pain they feel or how to get reed of it, they can have time to do other things apart from spending the better part of their day thinking about…...

Questions 1
Yes, it is appropriate. Sometimes people need care but are embarrassed to seek it out or their situation does not enable them to get to traditional clinics. For the case of women living in shelters or in extreme poverty, it can be difficult to obtain medical care because they may lack the funds to pay for it, they may lack awareness of the fact that they need care, or they may be hampered by social or environmental issues that keep them from reaching out for help. Sometimes people need to see first that there are others outside of their own small world who are willing to enter in and offer assistance. This has been shown to be the case with educators who make home visits and the same is true for physicians (Ventura et al., 2014).
2
Genital warts are spread through skin-to-skin contact and cannot be spread any other way. They…...

mla

References

Genital Warts. (2017). Planned Parenthood. Retrieved from

National Research Council. (1993). Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect.

Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Ventura, A. et al. (2014). Home-based palliative care: A systematic literature review of

the self-reported unmet needs of patients and carers. Palliative Medicine, 28(5): 391-402.https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/stds-hiv-safer-sex/genital-warts

 

Palliative care is a specialty that is relatively new but that has evolved steadily over the past few decades. Its goal is providing advanced cancer patients with end of life care. Its rise was because of the public's growing dissatisfaction and concern with how dying patients were being taken care of in the 1960s and the 1970s (Cole, Carlin & Carlson, 2015). At the time, oncologists were mostly concerned with curative interventions and so did not give the necessary attention to end of life care. According to the studies that were done at the time, medical care that was given to the terminally ill was suboptimal or in some cases did not even exist. The father of palliative care, Dave Cicely Saunders, reported having the same experience. She was the founder of St. Christopher's Hospice, based in the United Kingdom. The facility was the first modern hospice (Cole, Carlin &…...

mla

Bibliography

alMahrezi, A., & AlMandhari, Z. (2016). Palliative Care: Time for Action. Oman Med J., 161 -- 163.

Bhatnagar, S., & Gupta, M. (2015). Future of Palliative Medicine. Indian J. Palliat Care, 95 -- 104.

Bruera E, Hui D. Integrating supportive and palliative care in the trajectory of cancer: Establishing goals and models of care. (2010). J Clin Oncol. 28:4013 -- 7

Cole TR, Carlin NS, Carson RA. (2015). Medical humanities: An introduction. Cambridge University Press. 1 stEdition. New York.

Essay Topic Examples 1. The Role of alliative Care in Improving Quality of Life for Terminal atients:
This essay would explore how palliative care, through its holistic approach, seeks to alleviate the suffering and improve the quality of life for patients facing life-limiting illnesses. It would examine the various dimensions of care, such as physical, emotional, spiritual, and social support, and how each contributes to the well-being of the patient.

2. Ethical Considerations in alliative Care: Balancing Comfort and Autonomy:
Discuss the ethical challenges faced by healthcare professionals in palliative care, particularly the balance between providing comfort and respecting the autonomy of terminal patients. This essay would delve into end-of-life decisions, informed consent, and how caregivers navigate the complexities of ethical dilemmas in palliative care settings.

3. The Importance of Communication in alliative Care Teams:
This topic would address the pivotal role…...

mla

Primary Sources

World Health Organization. \"Strengthening of palliative care as a component of integrated treatment throughout the life course.\" World Health Assembly, Sixty-Seventh World Health Assembly, A67/31, 24 March 2014.

Morrison, R. Sean, and Diane E. Meier. \"Clinical practice. Palliative care.\" The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 350, no. 25, 2004, pp. 2582-2590.

Lynn, Joanne, et al. \"Perceptions by family members of the dying experience of older and seriously ill patients.\" Annals of Internal Medicine, vol. 126, no. 2, 1997, pp. 97-106.

Clark, David. \"Cicely Saunders – Founder of the Hospice Movement: Selected letters 1959-1999.\" Edited by David Clark, Oxford University Press, 2002.

Mount, Balfour M. \"The problem of caring for the dying in a general hospital; the palliative care unit as a possible solution.\" Canadian Medical Association Journal, vol. 115, no. 2, 1976, pp. 119-121.

Essay Topic Examples
1. The Importance of Communication in alliative Care:
This essay would explore how effective communication between healthcare professionals, patients, and families is crucial in palliative care. It would discuss the impact of communication on patient care, including discussing end-of-life wishes, the decision-making process, and the emotional support for patients and families.

2. Ethical Challenges in alliative Care:
This essay would examine the ethical dilemmas faced by healthcare providers in the realm of palliative care. Focus would be placed on topics such as the right to die with dignity, the use of pain medication that may hasten death, and the complexities of informing patients and families about terminal prognoses.

3. alliative Care for Non-Cancer Illnesses:
An exploration into the provision of palliative care for patients with chronic, non-cancer illnesses. This would include the recognition of palliative care needs in patients with conditions such as advanced heart failure, COD, and dementia, and the challenges in…...

mla

Primary Sources

World Health Organization (WHO). \"National Cancer Control Programmes: Policies and Managerial Guidelines.\" 2nd ed., World Health Organization, 2002.

National Consensus Project for Quality Palliative Care. \"Clinical Practice Guidelines for Quality Palliative Care, 4th ed.\" National Coalition for Hospice and Palliative Care, 2018.

Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association (HPNA). \"Palliative Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice.\" American Nurses Association, 2014.

Meier, Diane E., et al. \"Palliative Care: Transforming the Care of Serious Illness.\" San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2010.

Saunders, Cicely. \"The Management of Terminal Malignant Disease.\" 3rd ed., Edward Arnold, 1993.

Essay Topic Examples 1. The Role of Communication in alliative Care:
     This essay would explore the critical importance of effective communication between healthcare providers, patients, and families in palliative care settings. It would examine strategies for discussing prognosis, treatment options, and end-of-life wishes, as well as the impact of communication on patient satisfaction and quality of life.

2. Ethical Considerations in alliative Care:
     This topic would delve into the ethical dilemmas that arise in palliative care, such as the balance between prolonging life and ensuring quality of life, decision-making capacity, and the right to refuse treatment. It could also consider the ethical frameworks that guide practitioners in making difficult decisions.

3. alliative Care in Non-Cancer Illnesses:
     This essay would focus on the application of palliative care principles to patients with chronic, non-malignant diseases. It would address the unique challenges these patients face and discuss…...

mla

Primary Sources

Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine, 5th Ed.Nathan Cherny et al., eds. Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine, 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 2015.

World Health Organization. National Cancer Control Programmes: Policies and Managerial Guidelines.World Health Organization. National Cancer Control Programmes: Policies and Managerial Guidelines, 2nd ed., World Health Organization, 2002.

Palliative Care: The Solid Facts.Richard Harding and Irene J Higginson. Palliative Care: The Solid Facts, World Health Organization, 2003.

JOURNAL ARTICLE: \"Palliative care in the community.\"Scott A Murray, Marilyn Kendall, Kirsty Boyd, Camilla Sheikh. \"Palliative care in the community.\" BMJ: British Medical Journal, vol. 332, no. 7540, 2006, pp. 588-590.

PERSONAL NARRATIVE: \"The Best Care Possible: A Physician’s Quest to Transform Care Through the End of Life.\"Ira Byock. \"The Best Care Possible: A Physician’s Quest to Transform Care Through the End of Life.\" Avery, 2012.

These statements can serve as a foundation for essays that explore various dimensions of end-of-life care, including ethical considerations, the impact of technology, the importance of palliative care, and the role of family and caregivers. Each thesis sets the stage for a detailed discussion on its respective topic, allowing for a deep dive into the complexities and nuances involved in end-of-life care and decision-making.

"The implementation of advanced care planning significantly improves end-of-life care by ensuring that individuals' preferences and values are respected, highlighting the need for more widespread adoption of these practices in healthcare settings."

"While technological advancements in medicine have....

1. The ethical implications of stigma and discrimination against individuals living with HIV/AIDS
2. The ethical considerations of HIV/AIDS testing and disclosure
3. Ethical challenges in the treatment and care of individuals with HIV/AIDS
4. The role of healthcare providers in promoting ethical practices in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment
5. The ethical dilemmas of resource allocation in HIV/AIDS research and treatment
6. The intersection of HIV/AIDS and human rights: exploring ethical issues related to access to healthcare and services
7. Ethical considerations of HIV/AIDS prevention strategies, including condom distribution and needle exchange programs
8. The ethical implications of HIV/AIDS education and awareness campaigns
9. Ethical issues surrounding the....

1. The Impact of Telehealth on Healthcare Delivery in the Wake of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telehealth services. Discuss how telehealth has transformed healthcare delivery, its benefits and challenges, and its potential for long-term sustainability.

2. The Evolution of Precision Medicine: A Paradigm Shift in Personalized Healthcare

Precision medicine promises to revolutionize healthcare by tailoring treatments to individual genetic profiles. Explore the advancements, ethical considerations, and potential implications of precision medicine for patient care and population health.

3. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Transforming Healthcare: Promises and Pitfalls

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to revolutionize healthcare through disease diagnosis,....

1. The role of hospice care in providing comfort and support at the end of life
2. The importance of advance care planning and discussing end of life wishes with loved ones
3. Ethical considerations surrounding end of life decision-making and assisted dying
4. The impact of grief and loss on family members when facing the end of a loved one’s life
5. Cultural differences in beliefs and practices surrounding death and dying
6. The stigma and fear surrounding death and how to approach the topic openly and honestly
7. The role of palliative care in managing symptoms and improving quality of life at the end....