Orphan Story
Bill was out of work and was willing to take any job. He had not eaten a decent meal in 3 months and his bills were way beyond saving. This is what brought him to the St. Steven Orphanage.
The ad read: "Orphanage in need of special caretaker. Competitive pay, good hours, and many fringe benefits. Some special skills required." Upon reading the ad, Bill had never once thought about working with children much less at an orphanage. He himself dropped out of high school to take care of his pregnant girlfriend. Bill later learned that this wasn't his best move, as it turned out the child wasn't his and his dearly beloved would soon elope with a 40-year-old lawyer. Turn the clock 12 years forward, and Bill, hapless and poor, has continued to find odd jobs here and there as he nursed his alcoholic tendencies he inherited from both…...
Hang Up," Terry Castle recommends that we need to engage in a kind of "symbolic self-orphaning" in order to live meaningfully today. What does she mean? What kind of goods does she think we get from this figurative self-orphaning? How is her view related to Kant's views about "enlightenment"? Once you have explained Castle's idea about self-orphaning, consider how she might view the dispute between Nicholas Carr in "Is Google Making Us Stupid?" And Jamais Cascio in "Get Smarter." Would she side with one or the other on particular issues? Explain your answer and say something about how you yourself view the dispute between Carr and Cascio.
Castle, Kant, Carr, and Cascio in the context of finding oneself and working from there
Terry Castle's essay is meant to emphasize the fact that people have the tendency to develop a form of attachment to their parents and to important persons in their…...
Of this group. 50% were male, 50% were female, 38% were White, 35% were Black, and 16% were Hispanic. Adoption statistics are difficult to find because reporting is not as complete as it should be. The government spent $2.6 billion dollars to conduct the 1990 Census, but still it under-represented minorities and categorized children as "natural or by adoption" without differentiating, while special laws were implemented to "protect" and separate adoption affected families. In 1995, a "continuous" census (instead of every ten years) was proposed but has not been implemented. Even the government cannot rely on its most often cited broad official "guesstimate" of "5 to 10 million adoptees in the U.S." Private agency or independent adoptions account for more than 80% of adoptions in a state like California, but these are difficult to track, particularly when they cross state and country borders. In addition, no one knows how…...
mlaReferences
Altstein, H., M. Coster, L. First-Hartling, C. Ford, B. Glasoe, S. Hairston, J. Kasoff, and a.W. Grier (1994, May-June). Child Welfare League of America, 261-269.
Bachrach, C.A., London, K.A. And Maza, P. (1991). On the path to adoption: adoption seeking in the U.S., 1998. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53(3), 705-718.
Barth, R. (1994, September 1). "Adoption research: Building blocks for the next decade." Child Welfare.
Belge, K. (2007). Lesbian and gay adoption rights. Lesbian Life. Retrieved September 28, 2007 at http://lesbianlife.about.com/cs/families/a/adoption_2.htm .
Motherless Brooklyn by Jonathan Lethem. Specifically it will discuss the novel's setting, inhabitants, and neighborhoods, and how they portray a truly "motherless" community. In "Motherless Brooklyn," author Lethem creates an atmosphere that any reader can quickly discover. The flavor and very essence of Brooklyn are captured in a way that makes the reader more sympathetic to the people and places of the community, and how Brooklyn has evolved over the years from neighborhood to one of the most important New York boroughs. Brooklyn will always be different, and no mother will ever claim the community for her own.
Lethem creates a seemingly new world in his novel, especially if the reader is not familiar with Brooklyn. He calls it "motherless" for quite a number of reasons. Some readers may feel that title refers to the four "Minna Men" detectives who are all orphans who grew up in the St. Vincent's…...
mlaReferences
Lethem, Jonathan. Motherless Brooklyn. New York: Doubleday, 1999.
American Civil ight Movement
Compare and contrast the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) on the basis of their leadership, philosophy, and tactics.
Philosophy
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) was a civil rights organization that was initiated by African-Americans in 1957 (Fairclough, 2001). The movement was primarily aimed at ending the segregation and discrimination against the black African population in the U.S. The core philosophy of SCLC revolved around to seek civil rights and economic justice for the people of Southern States having majority of African-Americans.
Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) actually aimed achieving same objectives as those of SCLC but through non-violent sit-in and defiance of segregated dining and lunch services. The core philosophy of SNCC was also eliminating segregation but the mission statement was narrower compared to SCLC.
Leadership
The most prominent leader of SCLC was Martin Luther King, Jr. Other prominent leaders of this organization included alph…...
mlaReferences
Dyson, M.E. (2009). April 4, 1968: Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Death and how it Changed America. Basic Books.
Fairclough, A. (2001). To Redeem the Soul of America: The Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Martin Luther King, Jr. University of Georgia Press.
Johnson & Johnson (2013). Annual Report & Proxy Statements: J&J. Retrieved from: [http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/JNJ/2770950354x0x644760/85FD0CFF-2305-4A02-8294-2E47D0F31850/JNJ2012annualreport.pdf]
Sundquist, J.L. (1968). Politics and Policy: The Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson Years. Brookings Institution Press.
Kim
Fathering Kim
The concept of a "coming of age" novel or a Bildungsroman is fairly well established, typically exploring the loss of innocence and the growing awareness -- both of the self and of the external world -- of the protagonist of the story, typically an adolescent male. There are many variations on this overall idea of a coming of age novel, of course, with characters and plots the cover a wide variety of different backgrounds, settings, and intentions, and with the overall impact and meaning of these novels also highly varied. Great Expectations and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn are two examples of Bildungsroman, in certain ways, yet are very different stories told in very different styles, and with very different commentaries on society. Interestingly, despite the major differences in these tales, both of the protagonists in each of these novels is also without a true father in any meaningful…...
Nigeria Orphanage
Non-Governmental Organization Placement: Examination of the Experience of Students In NGO Placement
The objective of this work is to examine the experience of students on the NGO placement in Nigeria. The NGO at focus is that of St. Joseph Orphanage and Women Development Center. The writer of this work was provided with an excellent opportunity to exam the organization chart and policy of the non-governmental and non-profit organization. In addition, the writer of this work was provided with insight on how the organization raises money to finance and sustain its diverse projects in Nigeria. During the course of job placement of this researcher with this NGO organization, and specifically St. Joseph Women Development and orphanage center it was amazing to realize that Media and Communication organizations play a significant role in the promotion and creation of community awareness and awareness on the national level. Consideration of the barriers that were…...
mlaReferences
Anderson, P., Lawton, L., Rexeisen, R., & Hubbard, A. (2006). Short-term study abroad and intercultural sensitivity: A pilot study. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 30, 457-469.
Artz, L. (2001). Critical ethnography for communication studies: Dialogue and social justice. The Southern Communication Journal, 66(3), 239-250.
Astin, A. (1984). Student involvement: A developmental theory of higher education. Journal of College Student Personnel, 25(4), 297-308.
Backhouse, Judy Pamela (2009) Doctoral Education in South Africa: Models, Pedagogies and Stucent Experiences. February 2009.
Saving the Cows, Starving the Children" by Sonia Faleirojune and the article entitled "Food Price Inflation in India: Causes and Cures" by Pradeep Agrawal and Durairaj Kumaraswamy in the Indian Economic Review available from JSTOR both address food issues in India. These articles appealed to me because I find India to be a fascinating country where there is so much potential for greatness yet so much inherent contradictory actions and agendas that frustrate the country's advances. Faleirojune focuses on the contradiction at the heart of India's policy towards banning beef: cows are literally everywhere in India and could be used to help feed the nation's poor and malnourished, but the government won't allow the sale of beef in many states -- neither will it permit state schools to offer eggs to school children as part of a meal plan. Even though eggs would be a good solution to the problem…...
egulation and Development
In general, should the FDA adopt a liberal (increased risk) or conservative (increased safety) approach to approving medical products and why?
In accordance to Eichler et al. (2013), drugs are sanctioned by supervisory organizations on the basis of their evaluation of whether the accessible evidence designates that the benefits of the drug prevail over its risks. In general, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ought to adopt a liberal or increased risk approach to approving medical products. This is for the reason that in the recent number of years, regulatory agencies have been censured and condemned both for being exceptionally risk-averse, which mirrors the problem in determining a suitable poise between benefit and risk with the restricted data that is usually accessible prior to drug approval (Eichler et al., 2013). The regulation of drugs in the United States in contemporary years has in actual fact come to…...
mlaReferences
Eichler, H., Bloechl, B., Brasseur, D., Breckenridge, A., Leufkens, H., Raine, J., Salmonson, T., Schneider, C. K., Rasi, G. (2013). The risks of risk aversion in drug regulation. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 12, 907-916.
Ernst and Young. (2015). Impact of the Orphan Drug Tax Credit on treatments for rare diseases. Retrieved 10 January 2016 from: https://rarediseases.org/assets/files/white-papers/2015-06-17.nord-bio-ey-odtc
Miller, H. I., Henderson, D. R. (2007). The FDA's Risky Risk-Aversion. Policy Review, October & November 2007.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is most commonly associated with war veterans. esearchers have, however, increasingly recognized this condition in women, children, and men from all backgrounds and for a variety of reasons. According to oberts et al. (2011), the condition results from the experience of an event that is traumatic, and that makes the individual feel helpless, horrified, or afraid. A common factor among sufferers of PTSD is persistence. The individual persistently avoids stimuli he or she associates with the event, for example. There is also a tendency to re-experience the event persistently. There are also several health consequences associated with the condition. These include a tendency towards suicide, substance abuse, impaired functioning and general health problems (oberts et al., 2011). When it occurs in children, post-traumatic stress disorder can have significant long-term consequences on their development. Several studies have investigated the demographic nature of those…...
mlaReferences
Berkowitz, S.J., Stover, C.S., and Marans, S.R. (2011, Jun.). The Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention: Secondary Prevention for Youth at Risk of Developing PTSD. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines. 52(6). Database: NBCI. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096712/
Fazel, M., Reed, R.V., Panter-Brick, C., and Stein, A. (2011, Aug. 10). Mental health of displaced and refugee children resettled in high-income countries: risk and protective factors. The Lancet. 379. Retrieved from: http://211.144.68.84:9998/91keshi/Public/File/36/379-9812/pdf/1-s2.0-S0140673611600512-main.pdf
Miller, G.E., Chen, E., and Parker, K.J. (2011, Nov.). Psychological Stress in Childhood and Susceptibility to the Chronic Diseases of Aging: Moving towards a model of behavioral and biological mechanisms. Psychological Bulletin. 137(6). Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3202072/
Odenbach, J., Newton, A., Gokiert, R., Falconer, C., Courchesne, C., Campbell, S., and Curtis, S. (2014). Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder after injury in the pediatric emergency department -- a systematic review protocol. Systematic Reviews. 3(19). Database: BioMed Central. Retrieved from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/2046-4053-3-19.pdf
ADS in South Africa
Those of us living in the United States became used to the face of ADS a generation ago. We learned to recognize the particular gauntness that characterized those who had been struck by it, and who would soon be taken away by it. And then, after years of people dying from this disease, we learned that people who had this terrible disease could be healed; not cured, for they still contained the viruses within their bodies, but they could live lives that were happy and meaningful - and long. The terror of ADS subsided, becoming one of only many of the perils of modern life rather than one of the predominant ones.
But the trajectory of ADS in South Africa (as well as in other parts of the developing world, has been very different. Even in the first years of the disease the manifestations of it tended to…...
mlaIn already unstable societies, this cocktail of disasters is a sure recipe for more conflict. And conflict, in turn, provides fertile ground for further infections (http://www.nkosi.iafrica.com/aids_sa/).
AIDS is both the enemy in South Africa and a potential aid to other enemies. One of the reasons that AIDS has been successfully fought in the United States and Europe is the wealth of these nations; this has certainly been their primary advantage. But they have also benefited in the fight against AIDS from a high degree of social stability; public health measures can only be effective when used in a stable society.
One of the terrible ironies of AIDS in South Africa is that the nation does not have strong enough social structures to allow (at least so far) for the necessary public health measures to be taken. And as AIDS takes a greater and greater toll, the necessary social structures will only become weaker and weaker.
Introduction
Child welfare services have a complicated history in America and still today face a continual crisis. On the one hand, foster care requires resources from the state and breaks up families; on the other hand, implementing family preservation plans carries its own risk. This policy reform paper will examine the problem presented by The Family First Prevention Services Act (FFPSA), enacted as part of Public Law (P.L.) 115–123, also known as the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018. It will then provide analysis of the problem from the standpoint of historical, social, economic, and political perspectives. It will then examine the policy, evaluate it and discuss current proposals for reform.
Problem Overview
It is recognized that removing children from their families and placing them in foster group home services can be psychologically and emotionally damaging for the child (Ringel et al., 2018). However, leaving children in families where abuse is occurring or where…...
mlaReferences
Behrmann, S. (2019). Former DHS Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen says she left post because 'saying no' wasn't enough. Retrieved from Definitive Contract. (2016). Retrieved from https://govtribe.com/award/federal-contract-award/definitive-contract-hsfe3013c0366 Mallon, G., McHartt-Hess, P. (2013). Child Welfare in the 21st Century. 2nd Edition.Columbia University Press.O’Connor, S. (2001). Orphan Trains: The Story of Charles Loring Brace and the Children He Saved and Failed. Chicago: University of Chicago PressPatwardhan, I., Hurley, K. D., Thompson, R. W., Mason, W. A., & Ringle, J. L. (2017). Child maltreatment as a function of cumulative family risk: Findings from the intensive family preservation program. Child Abuse & Neglect, 70, 92-99.Reid, P. (2019). DHS Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen speaks for first time since resignation announcement. Retrieved from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/kirstjen-nielsen-resigning-dhs-secretary-expected-to-offer-resignation-today-live-updates-2019-04-07/ Ringel, J. S., Schultz, D., Mendelsohn, J., Holliday, S. B., Sieck, K., Edochie, I., & Davis, L. (2018). Improving child welfare outcomes: balancing investments in prevention and treatment. Rand health quarterly, 7(4).Wiltz, T. (2018). This New Federal Law Will Change Foster Care As We Know It. Retrieved from https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2018/05/02/this-new-federal-law-will-change-foster-care-as-we-know-ithttps://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/10/22/kirstjen-nielsen-former-dhs-secretary-said-she-left-post-because-saying-no-wasnt-enough/2450196001/
Pharmacogenetic Medince and Ethical Issues: Testing for HLA-B*Pharmacogenetics revolves around a pre-determined range in how individuals react to certain drugs, in regards to both their beneficial and adverse results. This concept had emerged when tasters and non-tasters of phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) had been identified, and the ability to feel that taste was shown to be inherited (Luzzatto & Seneca, 2014). Since screening individuals for PTC tasting turned out to be simple and barely invasive, PTC became one of the initial traits that was examined at length at the dawn of human population genetics. Since then, the field of pharmacogenomics medicine has evolved exponentially, giving scientists valuable data that has given them a more compelling road map in their treatment plans than never before.One arena where this type of work is largely instrumental is in the field of genetic testing for those suffering from HIV/AIDS and has functioned as an aspect of…...
The most important social policy response to this article is to ensure that the adoptions are carried out with the best interests of the children in mind. In Ethiopia, Guatemala and other places, there has been accusations that adoptive children have been "harvested" from their birth parents, so this must be guaranteed not to have happened. Another important social policy response is to provide resources to white parents with adopted black children so that they can better understand how to help their children deal with the black experience in America. If such adoptions are going to increase, the best way to address the social problems that can arise from white parents being unable to prepare their adopted children for the discrimination they may face is to educate the parents on how to help their children make their way in the world, given that additional complication.
If I was a public policy…...
mlaWorks Cited:
Peet, J. (2010). More prospective parents are seeking orphans from abroad. The Sunday Star-Ledger. April 4, 2010. In possession of the author.
3). Also a shelter was established called the "Newsboys' Lodging House" -- a place where homeless and "vagrant" young boys could have room and board and an education. Brace and colleagues tried to find jobs and homes for children, but O'Connor writes on page 3 that Brace and his fellow advocates "…soon became overwhelmed by the numbers needing placement.
One strategy that Brace set up was to allow citizens who would like to "adopt" children in order to get them out of the city and into the country environment. In fact, according to O'Connor, over a 75-year period 105,000 homeless children were taken on "Orphan Trains" to homes in the rural areas of the country.
The values, beliefs, and methods by Brace are linked to social practices today because it is the moral duty of social workers to prevent abuse to children. City streets are not homes to thousands of children…...
mlaWorks Cited
Children's Aid Society. (2006). History / About Our Founder. Retrieved February 20, 2012, from http://www.childrensaidsociety.org/about/history .
Children's Aid Society. (2006). The Orphan Trains. Retrieved February 20, 2012, from
The Impact of the Monster Study on Attitudes Towards Speech Therapy
The Monster Study, conducted by Wendell Johnson at the University of Iowa in the 1930s, was a controversial study that sought to investigate the effects of negative feedback on stuttering. The study involved 22 orphans, half of whom were given positive feedback on their speech, while the other half were given negative feedback. The results of the study were devastating, with the children who received negative feedback developing severe stuttering and psychological problems.
The Monster Study had a profound impact on attitudes towards speech therapy. Prior to the study, speech therapy....
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