These aspects should be addressed to make it more effective.
Life Cycle Stage

Organizational life cycle is a concept that "suggests that organizations are born, grow older and eventually die. Organization structure, leadership style, and administrative systems follow a predictable pattern through stages in the life cycle." (Daft, 2009, p.340). There are four stages involved and they are Entrepreneurial stage, collectivity stage, formalization stage and elaboration stage.

The EPA is currently in the elaboration stage because it is mature, large and bureaucratic. Daft has defined this stage as "large and bureaucratic with extensive control systems, rules and procedures. Organization managers attempt to develop a team orientation within the bureaucracy to prevent further bureaucratization. Top managers are concerned with establishing a complete organization." (2009, p.344). All these characteristics correspond to the EPA and it is definitely in this stage.

Organizational Change

Similar to any other organization, the EPA is also undergoing changes from time to…...

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References

Nadeau, Louis. (September, 1997). EPA effectiveness at reducing the duration of plant-level non-compliance. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. Volume 34(1), Pages 54-78

Daft, Richard. (2009). Organization Theory and Design. Publisher: Cengage Learning

Mintz, Joel. a. (1995). Enforcement at the EPA: High stakes and hard choices. Publisher: University of Texas Press.

US Environmental Protection Agency. 2010. Viewed 12 November 2010. Retrieved from:  http://www.epa.gov/

Organizational Theory
Is creativity only important and certain kinds of jobs and organizations or is it important in most jobs and organizations? Give both points-of-view. State and substantiate your point-of-view.

The creative acumen of a particular employee can often present companies with an array of opportunities for organizational improvement, as even a single inspired idea may result in systemic refinement. When employees are encouraged to manage their responsibilities and tasks in a creative fashion, whether that be improvising improved methods of organization or integrating technological tools to modernize processes, the organization at large stands to benefit immensely from this combination of imagination and inspiration. While certain kinds of jobs and organizations place a higher degree of emphasis on creativity, including the advertising, design and construction industries, the ability to effect positive results through creative expression is highly prized in most, if not all, vocational outlets. esearch on the efficacy of promoting…...

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References

George, J.M., Jones, G.R., & Sharbrough, W.C. (2002). Understanding and managing organizational behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

organizational theory, leadership theory development, and management theory and practices. This includes addressing the impact of these aspects on businesses and their efforts to bring about effective and successful performance in the business realm. To start with, organizations can be perceived as machines, cultures, organisms, political structures, transformational systems or structures, and also constituents of domination (Morgan, 2006). In order for any individual to gain an understanding regarding the form of an organization it is considered necessary to employ metaphors. This is because using metaphors may prevent one-sided perspectives. In general, a flawless viewpoint cannot consist of only one theory.
Taking into perspective contemporary scholarly researchers, according to Heugens and Scherer (2010), comparisons are made between an organization and a machine. This analogy works from the sense that an organization has a dominant body, and also that it partly operates as a machine because it possesses dissimilar parts. The view…...

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References

Aguirre, D., Alpern, M. (2014). 10 Principles of Leading Change Management. Strategy + Business.

Amlus, H., Jusoh, M. S., & Osman., Ibrahim. (2014). The Influence of Organizational Leadership and Strategic Alignment on Company Performance: Malaysian Manufacturers Context. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture (Impact Factor: 2.54). 03/2014; 8(8):15-22.

Aswathappa, K. (2005). Human Resource and Personnel Management. Tata McGraw-Hill Education

Bolden, R., & Gosling, J. (2006). Leadership Competencies: Time to change the tune? Leadership, 2: 147.

CJ Management SeminarPart 1Place of PlacementFrom the onset, it would be prudent to note that I work as a fine dining server at a country club. In this role, I am charged with the role of ensuring that upon being seated, members are provided with immediate and appropriate attention. I ensure that the unique needs of members are addressed and their orders taken, followed by the placement of the said orders via the POS system. I also deploy the relevant serving procedures in the placement of dishes before guests and engaging them going forward to ensure that they have an amazing dining experience and that all their additional meal and drink orders are fulfilled. From time to time, additional roles may be assigned by the supervisor, i.e. during special events. To be able to function effectively in this role, I work closely with other colleagues including, but not limited to;…...

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References

Blomberg, J. (2020). Organization Theory: Management and Leadership Analysis. SAGE Publications.

Dipboye, R.L. (2015). The Emerald Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Emerald Group Publishing.

Kenny, J.P. (1954). Police and Human Relations in Management. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 45(2), 222-228.

Organizational Theory
What are all the strange terms in the section and what are their definitions?

Phronesis is also referred to as practical wisdom. In definition, this is the capacity to make out what action to undertake at a certain point in time and at the same time also discerning what is worth being undertaken. Basically, it is the notion that one is wise regarding his or her purposes, the ends and also an apparent understanding of what ought to be done to achieve that (Notes Attached).

Pluralism is largely applied in political philosophy. In essence, this is an occurrence or structure in which two or more principles, entities, groups are able to co-exist with one another. It is the diversification that exists within a political entity, which allows the harmonious co-existence of different beliefs, ways of life and also interests (Notes Attached).

The teleology of virtue is a philosophical principle which expounds on…...

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References

Baxter, V., Thessin, R. A., & Clayton, J. (2014). Communitarian Leadership Practice Acquisition in Educational Leadership Preparation. Rosemarye Taylor, Editor, 10.

Eagan, J. L. (2009). The deformation of decentered subjects: Foucault and postmodern public administration. International Journal of Organization Theory and Behavior, 12(1), 141-162.

Fox, C. J. & Miller, H. T. (2005). All Monica All the Time: Crowding out the Public Discourse. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 27 (3): 486-497.

Ridley-Duff, R. (2004). Communitarian governance: the development of management, governance and ownership models.

Metaphors for Organizations
One of the most common organizational metaphors is that of machines. This has been applied in many different contexts -- health care organizations (Suchman, 2011), the military (Demchak, 1991) and as an explanatory force for larger theories about the nature of organizations (Nassehi, 2005). The machine metaphor views the organization as converting inputs into outputs by way of specific systems and processes. The mechanical nature of this metaphor helps to place the organization in the context of the outputs and how the organization needs to arrive at those outputs. Every machine has a specific task. A complex machine may be a combination of many different machines -- think of how a computer works. There are many different features, and this is one of the aspects of this metaphor that is commonly applied to organizations as well. All elements of the organization are simply the systems and processes by…...

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References

Demchak, C. (1991). Military Organizations, Complex Machines. Cornell University Press: Ithaca, NY.

Nassehi, A. (2005). Organizations as decision machines: Niklas Luhmann's theory of organized social systems. The Sociological Review. Vol. 53 (s1) 178-191.

Suchman, A. (2011). Organizations as machines, organizations as conversations: Two core metaphors and their consequences. Medical Care. Vol. 49 (S1) S43-S48.

519). The point before proceeding is that when employees sense that their organization is ethically responsible vis-a-vis citizenship, their work engagement is "likely stimulated" (Lin, p. 521). The procedure Lin follows in this research is to conduct empirical research using a survey of personnel from "20 large firm of an industrial zone in northern Taiwan" (high-tech and more traditional companies) (Lin, p. 522).
Of the 600 questionnaires Lin sent out, 428 "usable questionnaires" came back (a response rate of 71.33%). The system of measuring used by Lin: 5-point Likert scales modified from previous research. Lin's three steps: a) she first had the existing literature translated into Chinese from English and then a focus group of 4 (including 3 graduate students and a professor) that were very familiar with CSR modified the questions; b) two pilot tests were conducted to clarify the quality of the questions; and c) additional care went…...

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Works Cited

Lin, Chieh-Peng. (2010). Modeling Corporate Citizenship, Organizational Trust, and Work

Engagement Based on Attachment Theory. Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 94, 517-531.

Management Theory
As we shift into a new era of management, the outmoded theories rooted in Classical and Scientific Management apply only to specific organizations in specific situations. Newly emerging theories of management take into account not only diversity issues but also issues related to workplace satisfaction, which in turn reduces employee turnover and therefore can improve overall performance. Management theories now need to promote learning organizations and a managerial culture that is supportive and ethical. Morgan (2006) highlights the role of the learning organization, also referring to the ways organizations can be viewed as cultures with norms and values all their own. Based on Morgan's (2006) analyses, a theoretical approach to management that is both effective and ethical takes into account the following ten points.

Ubuntu and espect for Others: Senge (2014) discusses the Zulu concept of "Ubuntu," and how it applies to modern management theory and practice. Ubuntu can be…...

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References

Dupre, K.E. & Day, A.L. (2007). The effects of supportive management and job quality on the turnover intentions and health of military personnel. Human Resource Management 46(2): 185-201.

Figler, R. & Hanlon, S. (2008). Management development and the unconscious from an analytical psychology framework. Journal of Management Development 27(6): 613-630.

Holbrook, C., Sousa, P. & Hahn-Holbrook, J. (2011). Unconscious vigilance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication DOI: 10.1037/a0024033

Morgan, B. (2006). Images of Organization. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Management denotes a process of doing things via individuals, by means of their participation. It entails planning and direction of efforts, together with the organization and application of material as well as human resources, for achieving preset goals. One can determine administrative functions in the overall management context. Actually implementing everyday business decisions and strategies necessitates the application of certain admin actions which might be allocated by management to administrative or executive officers. Management responsibilities might also extend to cover, besides overall organizational running, exclusively administrative tasks. Corporate departmental leaders’ regular day at the office may incorporate a blend of generic management duties and comprehensive administrative tasks (Liebler and McConnell, 2016).  Societal recognition of the managerial role’s salience is associated with the encountering of progressively greater expectations and challenges. Hence, the challenges managers are confronted with in the present day (and which they will confront even in the near future) reflect…...

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References

Liebler, J. G., & McConnell, C. R. (2016). Management principles for health professionals. Jones & Bartlett Publishers

MSG Experts. (2015, May 19). MSG Management Study Guide. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from  

Ngige, C. D. (2014). The Challenges Facing Management Today and Tomorrow. COOU Interdisciplinary Research Journal, Vol. 1, No. 1. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from  http://www.coou.edu.ng/journals/ 

River Logic. (2016, May 20). The River Logic Blog. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from  https://blog.riverlogic.com/working-capital-management-two-challenged-how-to-address-them 

Sullivan, J., Dr. (2016, September 26). Increasing Employee Productivity: The Strategic Role That HR Essentially Ignores. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from  https://www.ere.net/increasing-employee-productivity-the-strategic-role-that-hr-essentially-ignores/ http://www.managementstudyguide.com/competition-strategy.htm 

 

The author of this brief report has been asked to engage in a critical analysis of two main components to the typical operations of a business. The two specific organizational facets that will be mentioned in this brief essay are marketing and finance in a hierarchal organization. These two very important topics will be linked to organizational theory along the way. Indeed, the linkages and pathways that link finance and marketing worth the organizational body of knowledge are significant and well-studied. With that, there should be a focus on more modern iterations and versions of the theory. While there are many other important parts of making the proper strategic decisions and keeping an organization in good standing, the importance of marketing and finance to a firm and its organizational strategy cannot be overstated. Analysis
True to what was referenced in the introduction to this report, the first of the two primary topics…...

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References

Ayyagari, M, Demirgüç-Kunt, A, & Maksimovic, V 2011, \\'Firm Innovation in Emerging

Markets: The Role of Finance, Governance, and Competition\\', Journal Of Financial &

Quantitative Analysis, 46, 6, pp. 1545-1580, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost,

viewed 15 August 2017.

Bozhiday, I 2016, \\'Definition of the notion \\"competitive strategy\\" and its place in the

management hierarchy strategies\\', Traektoriâ Nauki, Vol 2, Iss 1 (2016), 1, Directory of

Open Access Journals, EBSCOhost, viewed 15 August 2017.

Datta, H, Ailawadi, K, & van Heerde, H 2017, \\'How Well Does Consumer-Based Brand Equity

Organizational Theory #2
What core competences give an organization competitive advantage? What are examples of an organization's functional-level strategies?

Core competencies are those capabilities that are critical to a business achieving a competitive advantage in the marketplace. Typically, core competencies can be identified by certain common characteristics -- offering a benefit to the customer, difficult to imitate, uniquely identify the organization and easily leveraged to create many products or operate in many markets (Kern, 2010). The organization that is best able to use its resources to create value is in an ideal position to outperform the competition, thus creating advantage (Jones, 2010). Core competencies tend to change in response to changes in the environment. They are flexible, evolve over time and enable the company to enter apparently different markets with a clear and distinctive brand proposition. Examples of core competencies include manufacturing, research and development, new technology or organizational design and change.…...

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References

Jones, G. (2010). Organizational theory, design, and change (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Terry, L.D., & Hoefer, R.A. (1995). Making politics and power respectable. Public Administration Review, 55(3), 298.

Organizational Theory #1
Create a code of ethics for an organization of your choice. For each point in the code of ethics, describe an ethical dilemma that would be resolved using the code of ethics.

All employees will conduct business honestly and ethically. We will constantly improve the quality of our services, products and operations and create a reputation for honesty, fairness, respect, responsibility, integrity, trust and sound business judgment. (Provides a clearly stated, over-arching business philosophy for honesty and fair dealings that every employee can follow).

No illegal or unethical conduct on the part of company employees or affiliates is in the company's best interest. All are expected to adhere to high standards of personal integrity -- not allowing their personal interests to conflict with the interests of the company, its clients or affiliates. We will not compromise our principles for short-term advantage. (Encourages all employees to seek the company's interest first).

All…...

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References

Beauchamp, L., & O'Connor, A. (2012). America's most admired companies: A descriptive analysis of CEO corporate social responsibility statements. Public Relations Review, 38(3), 494-497. doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.03.006

Jones, G. (2010). Organizational theory, design, and change (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

The theory sees human organizational behaviors and conceptions culturally bound, rather than natural, unlike advocates of systems theory. Systems theory has been more influenced by sociology and linguistics than the natural sciences.
Analyzing symbolic interpretations may be more useful in organizations serving diverse populations: if a public health organization wants to alleviate the prevalence of diabetes in an area, it is not enough to more effectively disseminate information through the existing channels of communication (as systems theory might suggest) or even change the environment to create healthy options for consumption. Rather the people being served may require counseling to change what they consider good foods, a healthy diet, and a positive body image, if their culture tends to reinforce unhealthy practices. An ideological overhaul is necessary to change some behaviors, like the decreased social acceptability of smoking, for example. Organizations are social as well as formal, and cultural in nature…...

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Works Cited

Hatch, Mary Jo. (1997). Organization theory: Modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives.

Oxford University Press, 2nd edition.

At the same time, this already discovered knowledge can be shared with the existing employees on a common forum and then implemented by each in part under the form of imitation. As we can see, with positive impacts, innovation and imitation can be successfully implemented internally, within the organization, and can help in maximizing the organization's activity.
As we can see, organizational behavior helps, to some degree, shape the organization's encouragement of innovation or imitation and the way by which, internally, one or the other is fostered. The entrepreneur's personality is also often important in defining the relationship between the two and to determine where the line between them is likely to be traced. At the same time, both imitation and innovation are ways by which knowledge can be diffused within the organization or, often in the present, between different organizations.

ibliography

1. Ethiraj, Sendil, Levinthal, Daniel, Roy, Rishir. The Dual Role…...

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Bibliography

1. Ethiraj, Sendil, Levinthal, Daniel, Roy, Rishir. The Dual Role of Modularity: Innovation and Imitation. Management Science. March 2007.

2. Organization theory. On the Internet at retrieved on December 13, 2007http://www.hrmguide.co.uk/history/organization_theory.htm.Last

3. Yong, Grace, Ho, Weng, Kong. INNOVATION, IMITATION and ENTREPRENEURSHIP. Singapore Economic Review. June 2006.

4. Schmitz, Jr., J.A. Imitation, Entrepreneurship, and Long-run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 1989, pp. 721-739.

The goal is approached through three distinct channels -- (1) a bottom up approach, focused on the individual administrator; (2) a top down approach focused on organizational culture, and (3) the approach to values from a functional and practical angle. The conclusions can easily be extrapolated to the totality of entities, public or private, to reveal how an incremental emphasis is being placed on culture, ideologies, reform and efficiency.
The third source to be analyzed is represented by Camilla Stivers' Gender Images in Public Administration: Legitimacy and the Administrative State (2002). With a slightly more specific agenda in mind, Stivers' book looks at the role of women in public institutions. Sadly enough, she finds that despite the growing number of public administration female students, their actual role and presence within public institutions remains reduced, due to a long lasting perception of public jobs as having a masculinity in nature. The…...

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References:

Fry, B.R., 1989, Mastering Public Administration: From Max Weber to Dwight Waldo, Chatham House Publishers, ISBN 093454056X

Stivers, C., 2002, Gender Images in Public Administration: Legitimacy and the Administrative State, 2nd Edition, SAGE, ISBN 0761921745

Van Wart, M., 1998, Changing Public Sector Values, Taylor and Francis, ISBN 0815320728