Orem's Self-Care Model: A Professional Nursing Practice Model
Nursing theory is an organized and systematic articulation of a set of statements related to questions in the discipline of nursing. (Caley, p. 302, 1980) The model presented by Dorothea Orem is based on the idea that as human beings, we are engaged in self-care activities that allow us to maintain a state of good health. Orem defines health as "a state of a person that is characterized by soundness or wholeness of developed human structures and of bodily and mental functioning" (Coleman, p. 325, 1980) Utilization of Orem's concepts allows the nurse freedom to develop their own style practice to best meet the self-care needs of any patient.

Nurses have always recognized the rights of clients of all ages to be both informed and active participants in care, but the idea of self-care has not always been apparent concerning the idea and delineation…...

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Bibliography

1. Caley, J.M., Dirksen, M., Engalla, M., & Hennrich, M.L. (1980). The Orem self-care nursing model. In J.P. Riehl & C. Roy (Eds.), Conceptual models of nursing practice (2nd ed., pp. 302-214). Norwalk, CT: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

2. Coleman, L.J. (1980). Orem's self-care concept of nursing. In J.P. Riehl & C. Roy (Eds.), Conceptual models of nursing practice (2nd ed., pp. 315-328).

3. Fawcett, J. (1989). Orem's self-care framework. In J. Fawcett (Ed.), Analysis and evaluation of conceptual models of nursing (2nd ed., pp. 205-261). New York F.A. Davis.

4. Johnston, R.L. (1982). Orem self-care model. In J.J. Fitzpatrick, A.L. Whall, R.L. Johnston, & J.A. Floyd (Eds.), Nursing models and their psychiatric mental health applications (pp. 56-60). Bowie, MD: Brady/Prentice-Hall.

In reaction, diabetes research looks into pharmacological options and changes in lifestyle to contain the trend. Recent findings point to the need for healthcare professionals to empower diabetes sufferers to take recourse in self-management as the best option at the moment (Kumar).
The purposefulness of a plan and its implementation in assisting a client with diabetes helped fill in her self-care deficit (Kumar 2007). The interpersonal relationship between a nurse and her client minimizes the stress experienced by the latter and her family. This enables the client or patient and her family to act more responsibly in health matters. An assessment and plan of care may use Orem's client-related concepts -- of self-care, self-care agency, therapeutic self-care demand and self-care deficit --, the concepts of nursing agency and nursing system and the basic conditioning factors. Integrating these concepts into other theories on health promotion and family systems may guide effective…...

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Bibliography

Aldridge, V. (2005). Self-monitoring of blood, glucose invaluable in managing diabetes. 3 pages. Journal of Diabetes Nursing: SB Communications. Retrieved on October 24, 2008 at  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_mOMDR/is_10_9/ai_n27865119?tag=content;col1 

Aliha, J.M., et al. (2006). Relation between self-care behavior and self-care needs in patients with heart failure.2 pages. Southern African Journal of Critical Care: South African Medical Association. Retrieved on October 24, 2008 at  http://findarticles.com/p/article/mi_6870/is_1_23/ai_n28450856?tag=content;col1 

Bruce, E., et al. (2008). Dorothea Orem's theory of self-care. 38 pages. SlideShare, Inc. Retrieved on October 24, 2008 at  http://www.slideshare.net/jben501/dorothea-orem-theory 

Cook, a., et al. (2006). Self-care needs of caregivers dealing with stroke. 9 pages.

Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory
There are several grand theories of nursing, and among them is Orem's self-care deficit theory. This theory is predicated a set of assumptions, including that people are distinct individuals, that they should be self-reliant, that a person's knowledge of potential health problems is necessary for promoting self-care behaviors, and that nursing is a form of action. The movie Awakenings can be used as an example of how this can be applied even to the most difficult of nurse-patient interactions.

Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory

Dorothea Orem was a staff nurse, and later moved onto educational positions within nursing. She developed her concept of self-care deficit theory to explain nursing in terms of a key interpersonal relationship between nurse and patient, where the nurse helps the patient to take care of him/herself. The underlying assumptions are that the patient is a distinct individual, and should be self-reliant. It is insufficient for…...

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References

CurrentNursing.com (2016). Nursing theories: Dorothea Orem's Self-care deficit theory. Nursing Theories.com. Retrieved April 7, 2016 from  http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/self_care_deficit_theory.html 

Parkes, W., Lasker, L. & Marshall, P. (1990) Awakenings (motion picture) United States: Lasker/Parkes Productions/Columbia Pictures.

Rhodes, V., Watson, P., Hanson, B. (1988) Patients' descriptions of the influence of tiredness and weakness on self-care abilities. Cancer Nursing. Vol. 11 (3) 186-194

Every time a nurse cares for and evaluates a patient, in essence, the nurse asks is the individual able to feed him or herself and maintain his or her body abode in a healthful manner? If not, what must he nurse do to enable a state of homeostasis in that individual's environment to take place? But Orem also stresses the nurse, in assessing self-care must regard whether the individual him or herself can identify when that patient's body or abode is under threat -- for instance, can an elderly person take precautions when cooking? ill he or she know when the stove is left on or off? On the most basic of levels, of course, self-care regarding the provision of elimination and excrements and the basic functional tasks of physical maintenance are necessary. But less obviously, in terms of wellness, a nurse must ask, can the individual maintain a…...

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Works Cited

Fawcett, J. (1995) Analysis and Evaluation of Conceptual Models of Nursing. Third edition. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.

Orem, D. (1995) Nursing Concepts of Practice. Fifth edition. St. Louis: Mosby.

Hartweg, D.L. (1995). Dorothea Orem: Self-care deficit theory. In C.M. McQuiston & A.A. Webb, Editor. Foundations of nursing theory: Contributions of 12 key theorists (pp. 139-202). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.

Appendix:

Universal and Development Self-equisites in the Context Of a Nursing Practice Scenario
Orem's Theory of Self-Care

Self-care is the key concept in Orem's nursing model (1991). It is defined as the practice of activities that maturing and mature persons initiate and perform, within time frames, on their own behalf in the interests of maintaining life, healthful functioning, continuing personal development, and well-being A self-care deficit occurs when an individual is unable to engage in self-care Orem's self-care model has, throughout the years, provided the basis for training and support programs for groups of patients with both chronic and acute diseases, e g diabetic patients (Allison 1973, Fitzgerald 1980), employees with rheumatoid arthritis (Dear & Keen 1982), renal transplant patients (Hoffart 1982), stroke patients (Anna et al. 1978, Faucett et al. 1990), bone marrow transplant patients (Mack 1992) and patients with cancer (Dodd & Dibble 1993).

The universal self-care requisites are 1)sufficient intake…...

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References

Allison S. (1973) A framework for nursing action in a nurse conducted diabetes managed clinic Journal of Nursing Administration 3, 53-60

Anna D., Christensen D. G, Hohon, S. A, Ord L & Wells SR (1978). Implementing Orem's conceptual framework. Journal of Nursing Administration 8, 8-11

Dear M.R. & Keen M.F. (1982) Promotion of self-care in the employee with rheumatoid arthntis. Occupational Health Nursing 30, 32-4

Dodd IN J & Dibble SL (1993) Predictors of self-care a test of Orem's model. Oncology Nursing Forum 20, 895-901

Nursing Theory
Application of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory to Awakenings

There are several grand theories of nursing, and among them is Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory (SCDT). This theory has established a set of assumptions, including that people are distinct individuals, that they should be self-reliant, that a person's knowledge of potential health problem is necessary for promoting self-care behaviors, and that nursing is a form of action (CurrentNursing.com, 2012). The movie Awakenings (Parkes, Lasker & Marshall, 1990) can be used as an example of how this theory can be applied even to the most difficult of nurse-patient interactions. The focus here will be on the scene where the patients awakened. Dr. Sayer was present, as was the nurse manager and a staff nurse. At this point, there is a transition in the type of care that needs to be provided to the patients from wholly compensatory to partially compensatory.

Background

All individuals need…...

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References

CurrentNursing.com (2012). Nursing theories: Dorothea Orem's Self-care deficit theory. Nursing Theories.com. Retrieved April 7, 2016 from  http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/self_care_deficit_theory.html 

Geyer, N., Mogotlane, S. M., & Young, A. (2009). Juta's manual of nursing. Lansdowne, SA: Juta.

Parkes, W. (Producer), Lasker, L. (Producer) & Marshall, P. (Director). (1990). Awakenings (motion picture) United States: Lasker/Parkes Productions/Columbia Pictures

Rice, R. (2006). Home care nursing practice: Concepts and application. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier.

This will give her a good idea of the level of understanding the patient has and then she can tailor her teachings to fit the patient's level of understanding.
It is also a good idea for the nurse to give the patient as much printed information on the topic as she can because the patient can always use these materials as a reference in case the nurse is not readily available. If he teaching is about following a menu plan that will assist the patient in a speedy recovery, the nurse can have the patient keep a food journal of what he ate for a week or so and they can go over it together to determine what is working and what isn't. The same goes for the patient needing to be educated on any type of physical activities he must perform in order to improve and maintain his health.…...

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Bibliography

Baker, Lois K. And Denyes, Mary J. (2008). Predictors of self-care in adolescents with cystic fibrosis: A test of Orem's theories of self-care and self-care deficit. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 23(1), 37-48.

Cleary, Michelle and Freeman, Adele. (2006). Enhancing nurse care partnerships: A self-

directed learning approach. Nurse Education in Practice, 6, 224-231.

Griswold-Pierce, Anne and Smith, Jennifer A. (2008). The ethics curriculum for doctor of nursing practice programs. Journal of Professional Nursing, 24(5), 270-274.

Nursing Theorist Grid Dorothea Oren Theory
Over the years, nursing theories have been used in defining the ways healthcare is delivered through the interaction of patients and nurses. This study presents a theoretical discussion of the self-care concept in relation to health care delivery among elderly patients. The self-care concept is popular as Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing by Orem. Orem's theory perceives individuals as self-care agents equipped with unique needs. The theory focuses on transactional analysis in enhancing rehabilitative roles of nursing and positively influencing self-care agency among individuals. This creates power component based on self-care behaviors. The theory was initially defined as the analysis of exchanges between people in their interactions and communications with one another. The focus also classifies, understands, predicts and alters human behavior among the well and sick individuals. The theory supports individuals treated as adults and has a higher likelihood of using Adult ego states…...

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References

Butts, J.B., Rich, K. (2012). Nursing Ethics: Across the Curriculum and Into Practice. New York: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

Finfgeld- Connet, D (2008). Qualitative Convergence Of Three Nursing Concepts: Art Of Nursing, Presence And Caring. Journal of Advanced Nursing 63(5): 527-534.

Ranheim, A., (2010). Caring And Its Ethical Aspects -- An Empirical, Philosophical Dialog On Caring. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well- being. 4(2) p 78-85.

Ranheim. A., Karner, A., Arman, M., Rehnsfeldt, A & Bertero, C. (2010). Embodied reflection in practice- 'Touching the core of Caring'. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 16. p 241-247.

Dorothea Orem Nursing Theory
A theory is related concepts, and propositions used to guide a professional practice. Moreover, nursing theory serves as the interrelated concepts, predictive in nature, statement explanatory that assists in understanding the nursing phenomenon, which helps to explain and predict the nursing outcomes. Nursing theory is an organized body of knowledge used to explain the phenomena and supporting the nursing practice. Moreover, the nursing theory is defined as a set of definitions, concepts, assumptions, and relationships or propositions that are derived from the nursing model. However, the nursing theories consist of grand and middle-ranged theory. The middle ranged theory is the testable theory, limited in scope, limited in a variable, and used for the clinical research. More importantly, nursing theory serves as the body of knowledge that assists in carrying out the nursing research.

The objective of this study is to use the Dorothea Orem theory to develop…...

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Reference

Aliakbari, F., Parvin, N., Heidari, M., & Haghani, F. (2015). Learning theories application in nursing education. Retrieved May 10, 2017, from  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4355834/ 

Maria, O. (2015). Application of Dorothea Orem's Theory of Self-Care to the Elderly Patient on Peritoneal Dialysis. Nephrology Nursing Journal 41(5): 495-498.

Roussel, L. (2013). Management and Leadership for Nurse Administrators, Sixth Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Wong, C. L., Ip, W. Y., Choi, K. C., & Lam, L. W. (2015). Examining Self-Care Behaviors and Their Associated Factors Among Adolescent Girls With Dysmenorrhea: An Application of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 47(3), 219-227. doi:10.1111/jnu.12134

" (Health Care System, Canada, 2007)
V. THEORETICAL ASIS of OREM'S SELF-CARE MODEL

Social Learning Theory was developed by andura (1987, 1986) who held that behavior results from the individual's personal and environmental factors. It was stated in findings of a study reported by Hyndman et al. (1993) that there is a need to change the individual's environment in order to encourage positive health behavior and that there is a need to correct misperceptions about health. Training and development of skills is necessary in creation of new behaviors and in approaching solutions as well as are role models and self-efficacy. In Orem's conceptualization of health "the concept of wholeness, soundness and well-being are closely integrated." (Health Care Canada, 2007) Orem's definition of health includes "...psychological, interpersonal and social aspects of living as well as the commonly emphasized physical aspects." (Health Care Canada, 2007) Well-being has been associated with health in Orem's theory…...

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Bibliography

Goodwin, Marianne (1990) Is it Feasible for the Nursing Division at St. Vincent's Hospital to Adopt Dorothea Orem's Model of Nursing? Contents for the 1990 Nursing Monograph. Online available at  http://www.ciap.health.nsw.gov.au/hospolic/stvincents/1990/a06.html 

Hanucharurnkul, S. (2006) Nursing Knowledge Development: An Update. Online available at  http://www.ra.mahidol.ac.th/rar/infor_research_rama/Annual%20Absrtract/MeetThai2006.pdf 

Keeratiyutawong, P.; Hanucharurnkul, S.; Panpakdee, O.; and Melkus, G. (2006) a Self-Management Program for Improving Knowledge, Self-Care, Activities, Quality of Life, and Glycosylated HbA1c Among Thai Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Online available at

At times patients cannot care for themselves, and nurses must remedy these self-care deficits (Dorothea Orem's Self-care theory, 2011, Nursing Theories).
Whenever possible, patients should be empowered to act as best as they can to care for themselves. The nurse is viewed as an aid to remedy the self-care deficit in Orem's view. The nurse is not seen as superseding the patient's basic right to autonomy. Although some nurses know this intuitively, when busy or rushed sometimes it can be easy to forget the value of allowing patients to do as much as possible as they can for themselves, even if this is something as simple as eating and drinking or going to the bathroom.

Given the preponderance of lifestyle-related diseases today, Orem's stress upon patient self-knowledge and awareness is essential. Patients will care for themselves when they return home from a healthcare environment in most instances, and they must be…...

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References

Cody, W.K. (2006). Philosophical and theoretical perspectives. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett

Publishers.

Dorothea Orem's Self-care theory. (2011, January 11). Nursing Theories.

Retrieved April 6, 2011 at  http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/self_care_deficit_theory.html

Theorist
In the field of Nursing there are those individuals who had a major impact upon the way care is provided. One such person is Dorthea Orem. She developed a critical care theory that redefined the industry. To fully understand these ideas requires studying Orem's Self-Care Theory / Theoretical Framework and analyzing the different components of this approach. Together, these elements will offer specific insights about how these principals can be utilized in a modern health care environment.

Development of Orem's Self-Care Theory and Theoretical Framework

The development of Orem's Self-Care Theory was based upon experiences that Dorthea Orem would have in the real world. What happened was her positions in government gave her the ability to see the potential impact of nursing and the challenges of many individuals in the field. This took place between 1949 and 1980. During this time is when Orem was serving on the Indiana State Board…...

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References

Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory. (2011). Nursing Theory. Retrieved from:  http://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/orem-self-care-deficit-theory.php 

Hartweg, D. (1991). Self-Care Deficit Theory. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

moking and Lung Disease
moking is a hazardous habit that has the ability to greatly affect the health of the smoker and those that are close to them. The purpose of this discussion is to investigate smoking and lung disease. The discussion will focus on possible community health nursing interventions/teaching strategies. We will also use Orem's nursing model to describe the community, its health issue/problem, and proposed interventions.

Community and Health issue

The community in question is Grady County which is located in Chickasha, Oklahoma. moking is a prevalent problem in this community and people are seemingly unaware of the health consequences related to smoking. The reason why this issue was chosen was due to my mother having evere Emphysema and the effects this disease has on her, also because of the impact that second hand smoking can have on non-smokers For example, I am Deathly Allergic to moking. My airway closes off…...

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Sources, and Consumption Values of Teenagers: Implications for Public Policy and Other Intervention Failures. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 36(1), 50+.

American Lung Asociation. 2005.   b=34706& ct=910873http://www.lungusa.org/site/apps/s/content.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E& ;

Cigarette Smoking and Cancer, 2004. National Cancer Institute. http://cis.nci.nih.gov/fact/10_14.htm

Nicotene Addiction. (National Institute on Drug Abuse. Research Reporthttp://www.drugabuse.gov/PDF/NicotineRR.pdf

Spousal Abuse
This wire story is about the increase in the, and the continuously increasing, of women in reported spouse abuse arrests since the passing of the "Primary Aggressor Law" in 1997 in the state of California (Clifford 1999). In the past, police officers were accustomed to handling domestic violence calls from women and delivering the men straight to jail. Now, the police in at least 24 states receive training on how to decide who between the partners the "primary aggressor" is. It does not automatically point to the party who strikes first or causes the most severe damage. Police must check out on a long checklist of factors, including a history of violent or coercive behavior.

The news account notes that, in 1987, those arrested in California's domestic violence cases, only 5% were women (Clifford 1999). This figure rose to 15% after the passage of the Primary Aggressor Laws in 1997.…...

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Clifford, J.O. (1999). Domestic Cases of Women Rise. Associated Press, MenWeb. http://www.menweb.org/batapwmn.htm

2. Marano, E. (1996). Why They Stay: a Saga of Spouse Abuse. Psychology Today. Sussex Publishers, Inc.  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_mi1175/is_n3_v20/ai_18228772 

3. Nursingtheory.net. (2005). Self-Care Framework of Dorothea E. Orem. The Nursing Theory Network.  http://www.nursingtheory.net/models_self-careframework.html 

4. Prinsen, B. (2005). Crossing the Border Between Individual and Community -- Community-Based Parental Support in the Netherlands, a proceeding. Institute of Care and Welfare.  http://www.alli.fi/nfri/nyris7/papers/prinsen.htm

family can have a wide variety of different interpretations based on the individuals and the circumstances. For example, some groups consider themselves as a family while not actually related. Furthermore, not all those families who are actually related by blood form any kind of functional or cohesive group. Thus it is not uncommon to find a non-related group that acts more like a family than an actual traditional family would. In terms of identifying a family for the purpose of providing care however, the family can be thought of as the personal support system that any patient has; whether they are related or not.
Identifying and enlisting the assistance of a patient's family can be a critical success factor in treating the patient. In one study, the inadequate family-centered care was associated significantly in the treatment of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) across many demographics (Ngui & Flores,…...

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Works Cited

Jacobs, C. (1990). Orem's self-care model: is it relevant to patients in intensive care? Intensive Care Nursing, 100-103.

Ngui, E., & Flores, G. (2006). Satisfaction With Care and Ease of Using Health Care Services Among Parents of Children With Special Health Care Needs: The Roles of Race/Ethnicity, Insurance, Language, and Adequacy of Family-Centered Care. Pediatrics, 1184-1196.

Wang, C., & Fenske, M. (1996). Self-Care of Adults With Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Influence of Family and Friends. The Diabetes Educator, 465-470.

Crafting an Impactful Thesis Statement on Transmission of Culture through Education

Introduction:
Education plays a pivotal role in transmitting culture from one generation to the next. It perpetuates societal values, norms, and beliefs, shaping the collective identity of a people. Crafting an impactful thesis statement on this topic requires a comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between culture and education.

Step 1: Define Culture and its Components
Culture encompasses a vast array of intangible and tangible elements that characterize a society, including values, norms, beliefs, traditions, language, art, and technology. It is a dynamic and constantly evolving phenomenon that is transmitted through various mechanisms,....

Essay Topics on Pollution

Air Pollution:

The Impact of Air Pollution on Human Health and the Environment
The Role of Vehicle Emissions in Air Quality Degradation
The Economic and Social Costs of Air Pollution on Cities
The Effectiveness of Air Quality Regulations and Standards
The Future of Air Pollution Mitigation and Control

Water Pollution:

The Causes and Consequences of Water Pollution in Developing Countries
The Impact of Agricultural Practices on Water Quality
The Role of Wastewater Treatment Plants in Reducing Water Pollution
The Legal and Policy Framework for Water Pollution Control
The Challenges and Solutions to Marine Pollution

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The Sources and....

Gender Matters in the Insanity Defense: Exploring the Interplay of Gender, Mental Illness, and Legal Outcomes

The insanity defense, a legal doctrine that seeks to exempt individuals from criminal responsibility due to their mental state, has long been a contentious issue in criminal justice. However, one aspect of this defense that has received less attention is the influence of gender on its application and outcomes. This thesis posits that gender plays a significant role in the insanity defense, shaping both the perception of mental illness and the legal treatment of individuals accused of crimes.

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Historically, the insanity defense....

Outline for an Essay on Intersection Theory

I. Introduction

Begin with a compelling hook or question that captures the reader's attention.
Define intersection theory and explain its significance in algebraic geometry.
State the thesis statement, which should articulate the main argument or purpose of the essay.

II. Background and Historical Context

Provide a brief overview of the historical development of intersection theory.
Discuss the contributions of key mathematicians, such as Bézout, Euler, and Poincaré.
Explain the role of intersection theory in resolving classical geometric problems.

III. Fundamental Concepts

Define the basic concepts of intersection theory, such as:
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