Psychological Distress in a Natural Disaster
Among the many problems that humans encounter following a natural disaster is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD can result from natural disasters like floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, tornados among other frightening natural events that cause damage and result in serious injuries and loss of life. hen humans are exposed to horrific natural disasters they may continue to carry the fearful events in their memories; those realistic recollections can haunt the individual to the point of causing serious psychological disorders. Hence, PTSD can become a very serious emotional problem that requires psychological help from professionals. This paper provides instances of PTSD research following natural disasters -- and studies that delve into the dynamics of PTSD that resulted from natural disasters, including the terrible flooding in Thailand in 2000

Literature Review -- Hat Yi Flood

hen severe rains caused a dangerous flood that killed about 32 people in…...

mla

Works Cited

Agustini, E.N., Asniar, I., and Matsuo, H. (2011). The prevalence of long-term post-traumatic stress symptoms among adolescents after the tsunami in Aceh. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Vol. 18

Assanangkornchai, Sawitri, Tangboonngam, Sa-nguansri, and Edwards, J. Guy. (2004). Stress

And Health, Vol. 20, 81-89.

Bhushan, Braj, and Kumar, J. Sathya. (2007). Emotional Distress and Posttraumatic Stress in Children Surviving the 2004 Tsunami. Journal of Loss and Trauma, Vol. 12, 245-257.

Economics
An imagined natural disaster for St. Louis would be a flood of either the Missouri or Mississippi. The mechanics of such a flood are unimportant, but the economic consequences could be dire. A flood would wipe out entire sections of the city, which would need to be abandoned and subsequently rebuilt. All port activities would cease during the duration of the flood and the rebuilding of any port areas that suffered damage. This would disrupt the city's rail activities as well. Many other of the city's major industries would likely recover quickly from a flood scenario, unless specific plants were damaged.

Such a natural disaster would have an impact on both the demand for labor and the supply of labor. On the demand side, there would be an initial reduction in demand. The flood would create a significant disruption to economic activity in the area, in particular if the ports were…...

Local Preparation and esponse Aspect to a Potential Terrorist Event or Natural Disaster
Monroe County

The relevance of having in place clearly defined strategies and plans to guarantee the safe and efficient evacuation of people during catastrophic events cannot be overstated. This could be demonstrated by having a close look at the response of Federal, State, and local agencies during past events, i.e. Hurricane Katrina. This text highlights Monroe County's logistical preparation and response aspect with regard to a potential natural disaster of the same scale as Hurricane Katrina. Of key importance in a discussion of this nature is the framework in place to ensure efficient evacuations.

An evacuation, according to the National esponse Plan - NP, "is an organized, phased, and supervised withdrawal, dispersal, or removal of civilians from dangerous or potentially dangerous areas" (Federal Highway Administration/U.S. Department of Transportation - FHWA/DOT, 2014). In essence, as the National Incident Management System (NIMS)…...

mla

References

Federal Highway Administration/U.S. Department of Transportation - FHWA/DOT. (2014). Chapter 2: Federal, State, Local, and Transportation Roles in Evacuations. Retrieved from  https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/reports/hurricanevacuation/chapter2.htm 

North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (2006). Hurricane Katrina After Action Report and Recommendations. Retrieved from  http://msdh.ms.gov/msdhsite/_static/resources/1676.pdf 

Office of Emergency Management. (2008). Incident Management System: Standard Operating Guidelines -- Monroe County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. Retrieved from  http://www2.monroecounty.gov/files/ps/oem/Incident%20Management%20System%20Plan,%2006-08%20Revision.pdf

damage of the most important natural disaster in the United States in the last hundred years, an article referring to Hurricane Katrina and, most significantly, to the extent of the damage, to the reconstruction possibilities and to the bearing these will carry on the U.S. fiscal policy and the U.S. fiscal deficit, the article Hurricane Katrina upends American fiscal policy is appropriate to explain relationships between governmental spending and overall fiscal policies, as well as the impact on national fiscal policy.
The article refers strictly to the impact on the U.S. economy and U.S. fiscal policy that Hurricane Katrina has brought about. As cynical as this may be, the logical relationship between Katrina, governmental spending, fiscal policy and, in the end, economic growth in the U.S., is quite simple to explain. The hurricane has brought about huge amounts of losses in the U.S. economy, losses that need to be counterbalanced…...

Economic Systems
Over the years, there has been continuing debate surrounding the best economic system for dealing with a host of issues. In emergency situations, this will play a vital role in ensuring that there is adequate support and resources for meeting the needs of stakeholders. To fully understand which one works the best requires looking at how the socialist ideology is best suited for dealing with these kinds of situations, the way it responds to the Haiti earthquake and the how laws of supply / demand will impact commodities prices. Together, these different elements will show the effects of different economic theories in dealing with a variety of challenges. (Klein, 2010)

Which economic system is best suited for handling a crisis of epic proportions (hurricane, flood, blizzard, forest fire, etc.)? Why?

The best economic system for addressing hurricanes, blizzards, floods and forest fires is socialism. This is because it focuses on addressing…...

mla

References

Klein, K. (2010). The Shock Doctrine. New York, NY: Picadore.

Abstract War and armed conflicts often create humanitarian crises and strain diplomatic relationships between countries. Diplomatic relations are an important topic to discuss due to the rise in social upheaval throughout the globe. Humanitarian missions give the army a chance to win the hearts and minds of the populace of countries impacted by United States and its various armed conflicts. These missions may also allow less fortunate countries a chance to build up their infrastructure, reducing potential future problems during natural disaster, while allowing American military a chance to employ sound military strategy and logistical might.
Introduction
Armed conflicts bring out the worst in people and promote negative situations for all sides involved. Therefore, it is important for nations to engage in humanitarian efforts to improve strained diplomatic relationships. These efforts, journalists show through the war on terror and how foreign aid and humanitarian effort serve as key aspects in countering ideological support…...

mla

References

Crawley, V. (2007). Humanitarian missions as important as combat for U.S. military. U.S. Department of State.

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2018). The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security, 2017. Author.

Fukushima, A. I., Ginoza, A., Hase, M., Kirk, G., Lee, D., Shefler, T., & Foreign Policy in Focus. (2015, June 29). Disaster Militarism: Rethinking US relief in the Asia-Pacific. Retrieved from

Margesson, R. (2015). International crises and disasters: U.S. humanitarian assistance response mechanisms (RL33769). Congressional Research Service.

https://www.thenation.com/article/disaster-militarism-rethinking-us-relief-asia-pacific/

Flooding in the Carolinas after Hurricane Florence in 2018 Introduction
Since the disaster of Hurricane Katrina and the poor response of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in the aftermath of the flooding in 2005, adequate and effective management of natural disasters has become a central concern for leading emergency management agencies at both local and federal levels. A need for greater interagency collaboration has been established and by the time Hurricane Florence struck the Carolinas in 2018 there had been plenty of discussion about safety. Still, not enough was done to prepare the community for the devastation that occurred. In Horry County, South Carolina, where I live, major flooding occurred as a result of Hurricane Florence. The storm was responsible for approximately 40 deaths across three states and the total estimate of damage caused by flooding was approximately $20 billion. Described by the Weather Service as “one of the most significant…...

mla

References

Bahrampour, T. (2018). North Carolina mother charged in death of son who drowned in hurricane, prompting accusation of racism from NAACP. Retrieved from

Campbell, C. (2018). You can’t go back and build over and over.’ But buying out homes won’t be cheap. Retrieved from http://www.govtech.com/em/disaster/-You-Cant-go-Back-and-Build-Over-and-Over-But-Buying-out-Homes-Wont-be-Cheap.html

E-PARCC Collaborative Governance Initiative. (2008). Collaboration Amid Crisis: The Department of Defense During Hurricane Katrina Teaching Note. Retrieved from https://www.maxwell.syr.edu/uploadedFiles/parcc/eparcc/cases/Moynihan-%20Teaching%20Notes.pdf

FAO. (2018). Organizational theories. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/docrep/w7503e/w7503e03.htm

“FEMA and Partners” (2018) Respond to Hurricane Florence.

McCoy, T. (2018). In a Florence flood, she tried to hold on to her baby. But the water ripped him away. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/in-a-florence-flood-she-tried-to-hold-onto-her-baby-but-the-water-ripped-him-away/2018/09/17/fbfb0c02-bab9-11e8-a8aa-860695e7f3fc_story.html?utm_term=.f6223cd46dac

Philipps, D. (2017). Seven hard lessons responders to Harvey learned from Katrina. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/07/us/hurricane-harvey-katrina-federal-responders.html

Samaan, J. L., & Verneuil, L. (2009). Civil–Military Relations in Hurricane Katrina: a case study on crisis management in natural disaster response. Humanitarian Assistance: Improving US-European Cooperation, Center for Transatlantic Relations/Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD/Global Public Policy Institute, Berlin, 413-432.https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/social-issues/north-carolina-mother-charged-in-death-of-son-who-drowned-in-hurricane/2018/10/31/824cd5c8-dc8a-11e8-b732-3c72cbf131f2_story.html?utm_term=.bfe3e163eba8

Natural disasters have the potential to dramatically alter life in local communities. The loss of human life reverberates through the generations, as does the loss of local businesses and the generalized economic and psychosocial strain. Yet there are also larger impacts from localized events, such as changes to public policy and political philosophies resulting from major natural disasters. One of the most impactful natural disasters in recent American history is undoubtedly Hurricane Katrina. Hurricane Katrina showed Americans the many shortcomings of federal disaster relief response programs like the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), which was restructured after the event (Zimmerman, 2015). In addition to the political ramifications from Katrina, the storm revealed weaknesses in local, state, and federal infrastructure: showing that public spending patterns need to change in order to make American communities more resilient in the future. Another reason why Katrina remains one of the most important and impactful…...

Climate Change, Energy, and Natural DisastersClimate change and energy consumption are deeply intertwined within the global system, driving changes in weather patterns and increasing the frequency and severity of natural disasters. These environmental shifts, in turn, significantly impact societal structures, exacerbating conflicts, affecting health outcomes, and threatening food security. The agricultural industry, which is both a victim and a perpetrator of these changes, is also at the heart of this web of interactions, influencing and being influenced both by health and global politics.Climate Change, Energy, and Their Impact on Natural DisastersClimate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns (Prakash, 2021). It is primarily driven by human activities, particularly burning fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal, which release greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, enhancing the natural greenhouse effect and causing global warming. Energy production and consumption are among the primary contributors to climate change because most…...

mla

ReferencesDash, P., & Punia, M. (2019). Governance and disaster: Analysis of land use policy with reference to Uttarakhand flood 2013, India. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 36, 101090.Deaconu, A., Mercille, G., & Batal, M. (2019). The agroecological farmer’s pathways from agriculture to nutrition: a practice-based case from Ecuador’s highlands. Ecology of food and nutrition, 58(2), 142-165.Jiang, Q., Yue, Y., & Gao, L. (2019). The spatial-temporal patterns of heatwave hazard impacts on wheat in northern China under extreme climate scenarios. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 10(1), 2346-2367.Prakash, S. (2021). Impact of Climate change on Aquatic Ecosystem and its Biodiversity: An overview. International Journal of Biological Innovations, 3(2).Vos, S. R., Clark?Ginsberg, A., Puente?Duran, S., Salas?Wright, C. P., Duque, M. C., Herrera, I. C., ... & Schwartz, S. J. (2021). The family crisis migration stress framework: A framework to understand the mental health effects of crisis migration on children and families caused by disasters. New directions for child and adolescent development, 2021(176), 41-59.

The nation might experience a natural disaster, for example, or production facilities, due to aging and lack of reinvestment might become less efficient during an economic contraction. Less investment of resources into production and a greater emphasis on goods for consumption, rather than capital accumulation can also cause the frontier to move inward. Finally, there might be less of a demand for the goods of the nation because of a general change in consumption patterns, so although the balance of goods may be equal, as a whole there may be less production of the exported goods of a particular nation in response to a downturn of demand (such as Italy's slowing of pasta production during the low-carb craze, even though this might be a major export good for the nation which it can produce in mass qualities, with relatively little drain on other productive resources).
orks Cited

Production possibilities. Retrieved May…...

mla

Works Cited

Production possibilities. Retrieved May 5, 2009 at  http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/are012/readings/prodposs.html

Disaster Preparedness Plan:
Georgia has been an area threatened by some of form of natural disaster that has a huge negative impact on the well-being of its residents and the personnel and financial resources of the emergency response agencies. The most common natural disaster that occurs in this area is tornadoes that have terrorized both the rural and urban areas while making everyone in danger of their perils. In the recent years, Georgia experienced deadly tornadoes that caused harm, damages, and deaths in approximately 15 counties within the state. Give the nature of these tragedies, residents of this state need to be prepared and planned on how to respond to such emergencies.

Tornadoes in Georgia:

Tornadoes are regarded as nature's most violent storms since they can generate wind speeds of over 250 mph and appear from nowhere with little warning ("March Marks Start of Active Tornado," n.d.). These natural disasters are the most…...

mla

References:

"Defining the Need." (2002). Georgia Amateur Radio Emergency Service. Retrieved January 31,

2012, from  http://www.gaares.org/ARESPlan/potential_disasters_in_georgia.html#tornadoes 

"Georgia Emergency Operations Plan." (2010, August). GEMA / Homeland Security.

Retrieved from Georgia Emergency Management Agency / Homeland Security website:  http://www.gema.ga.gov/content/atts/prepare/Plans%20and%20Maps/Plan%20Library/GEOP2010.pdf

Disaster Plan
In the modern era, it is important that government from the federal to the local level have risk management plans in place for natural disasters, man-made issues and of course, terrorism. Generally speaking, risk management helps identify, prioritize and put plans in place regarding areas of risk that can impact the community. The overall purpose of risk management is so that agencies can be proactive in their identification and implementing plans for disasters and risks since in the modern world these plans involve numerous agencies and complex coordination. Thankfully, standards have been developed that organize risk management by looking at six general paradigms: 1) Identifying risks in the context of the area (e.g. flood planning is less important in Arizona than in Louisiana); 2) Planning a process to mitigate the situation (who is in charge); 3) Mapping the objectives of stakeholders (who will be involved); 4) Developing a framework/map…...

mla

REFERENCES

Colorado Division of Emergency Management. (2013). News, Info and Preparedness.

Retrieved from:  http://www.coemergency.com/ 

Drabek, T., et.al.. (1991). Emergency Management: Principles and Practices for Local Government. International City Management Association.

Frenkel, M., Hommel, U., & Rudolf, M. (Eds.). (2005). Risk Management - Challenge and Opportunity. New York: Springer.

In the wake of a disaster, a business is likely to suffer from a reduction of revenue, until the normal business climate returns. In some cases, the normal business climate may take years to return, and the loss of business will be prolonged. The loss of business can be insured against to some degree, but there are also systemic steps that can be taken to mitigate the damage. Having a low debt level can help a business to survive a post-disaster slowdown, because the business will still be able to meet its financial obligations even with reduced revenue streams. Diversification, in particular geographic diversification, can help as well. A small restaurant operator with three restaurants in Miami is more susceptible to business failure post-hurricane than a restauranteur with three locations spread between Miami, Tampa and Orlando, since any given hurricane will only close one restaurant in the group instead of…...

mla

Works Cited:

Accenture. (2010). Business continuity and disaster recovery planning. Accenture. Retrieved November 27, 2010 from  http://www.accenture.com/Global/Technology/Technology_Consulting/Security-Solutions/Services/ContinuityDisasterRecover.htm 

Momani, N. (2010). Business continuity planning: Are we prepared for future disasters. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration. Vol. 2 (3) 272-279.

This would likely have resulted in a long delay in raising suitable support to those health care professionals already at the disaster site.
Duties of the DMAT

The initial duties of the DMAT were to assist the nursing team at Charlotte egional Medical Centre as most nurses there had been on duty for around 40 hours. This was due to the problems which relief staff had in getting to the facility and also the problems which had been caused at the hospital due to the power failures and the structural damage that had been inflicted on the hospital (Cohen and Mulvaney). This initial aid that the DMAT provided was invaluable, as if they had not been so well prepared and arrived so early there would have been far greater pressure on the staff at the hospital, which would have greatly reduced the quality of care which the patients received.

By 6.30am the…...

mla

References

Cohen, Sharon S. And Karen Mulvaney. "Field observations: Disaster Medical Assistance Team response for Hurricane Charley, Punta Gorda, Florida, August 2004." Disaster Management and Response 3.1 (2005): 22-27.

Mace, Sharon E., Jaszmine T. Jones and Andrew I. Bern. "An analysis of Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) deployments in the United States." Prehospital Emergency Care 11 (2007): 30-35.

McEntire, David a. Disaster Response and Recovery: Strategies and Tactics for Resilience. Indianapolis: Wiley, 2007. 156-157.

South Florida Regional DMAT FL 5 / IMSuRT South. 2007. South Florida Regional DMAT FL5. 31 October 2007  http://www.fl5dmat.com/ .

Disasters
Tsunami in Japan

Japan has been having a series of natural disasters of great magnitude from some of which are recorded as early as 1920s with the most common disasters being the earthquakes resulting from seismic actions and storms. The worst of the quakes took place in 1923 with a casualty of 143,000 deaths followed by the March 2011 quake that occasioned a tsunami.

The magnitude of the 2011 earthquake in Japan that triggered the Tsunami from within the Pacific Ocean was 8.9 magnitude, a scale that way higher than the other quakes that have been happening in this region and the surrounding. It is worth noting however that this quake had been expected over many decades by earthquake specialists and geologists. They anticipated a huge earthquake but the magnitude of the quake was way higher than they expected hence the reason for the huge number of people…...

mla

References

The International database, (2012). Country Profile: Japan. Retrieved March 14, 2012 from  http://www.emdat.be/result-country-profile

Emergency management is the practice of handling disasters, whether manmade or natural disasters.  There are different levels of emergency management, because emergencies can be local, citywide, statewide, countrywide, or even global.  The current COVID-19 pandemic is a great example of a global emergency and how different regions have handled the pandemic highlight differences in emergency management.

There are a number of different topics to explore in terms of emergency management:

1. The role of local emergency management facilities in helping stop local spread of COVID-19.
2. Comparing and contrasting country policies in terms of travel restrictions after the COVID-19 environment.
3. Local....

A conceptual framework is a type of tool used to analyze a topic.  Generally, in an academic context a conceptual framework is going to fall into one of several broad categories, including a working hypothesis, pillar questions, descriptive categories, models for decision making, or a formal hypothesis.  Deciding what approach you want to take to your research topic of how women leaders respond in time of crises in the field of education will help you decide what approach you want to take, which will guide your development of a conceptual framework.

Based on....

Global climate change is a very interesting topic for an essay.  While the scientific evidence for climate change is extremely strong, there has been a push by many to deny or minimize the science.  This is not a science-driven approach, but an economic one.  There are negative short-term economic consequences that come with attempting to mitigate climate change. However, this position is short-sighted, as the long-term negative economic impact of climate change could be devastating.

In fact, because most climate change essays focus on the science, the economy is a great topic for....

1. The impact of global warming on natural disasters such as hurricanes, droughts, and wildfires.
2. The role of human activities in causing global warming.
3. The effects of melting polar ice caps and rising sea levels on coastal communities.
4. The importance of renewable energy sources in combating global warming.
5. The role of international cooperation in addressing global warming.
6. The economic consequences of global warming for industries such as agriculture, tourism, and insurance.
7. The social and health impacts of global warming on vulnerable populations.
8. The role of education and awareness in combating global warming.
9. The ethical considerations surrounding global warming and climate....