During the attacks of 9/11, the people of the United States once more shared a unified identity, a wholesome approach. This unified approach is what many call "patriotism" (Huntington 330). Since the very start of the country, "American's have been a flag-oriented people" (Huntington, 330), meaning the country prides itself on its sense of unity an identity. It is important that people identify themselves as being American, because doing anything else would suggest the person was not patriotic. It is important ethnic, racial and "gender identities" as outlined in the Bedford eader (p.331) are acknowledged, but they must not become more important than the national identity. If they do, the United States may be at risk for internal strife. People may lose their sense of loyalty to the country, and this historically has led to civil wars and other disasters. The United States and the people living within have no…...
mlaReferences
Angelou, Maya. "On the Pulse of Morning," New York Times, January 21, 1993, p. A14.
Huntington, Samuel. "The Crisis of National Identity." in, the Brief Bedford Reader, pp.330-35, by X.J. Kennedy, Dorothy M. Kennedy, and Jane E. Aaron. 2004
Korostelina, Karina. "The Impact of National Identity on Conflict Behavior: Comparative
Analysis of Two Ethnic Minorities in Crimea." International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 45.3-4, 2003: p.213.
Identity Brazil
Modernism and National Identity in Brazil, or How to Brew a Brazilian Stew -- Styliane Philippou
This article outlines some of the efforts that the Brazilian culture has made to separate themselves from the cultures of Europe and other influences. Brazil was granted its political independence in 1822 however the countries cultural emancipation came much later. Pilippou (2005) writes:
One hundred years after Independence (1822), the second discovery of Brazil aimed to couple political independence with cultural emancipation, and demanded the invention of an authentic hybrid Brazilian tradition on the basis of which to construct an autonomous Brazilian art. The quest of modernity was parallel to an intensified quest for brasilidade, which embraced all things that had remained relatively untouched by what was viewed as an intensive nineteenth-century re-Europeanisation of Brazilian society and culture with its consequent economic and cultural dependency. During the Empire which followed Independence, economic domination was British…...
mlaWorks Cited
Pilippou, S. (2005). Modernism and National Identity in Brazil, or How to Brew a Brazilian Stew. National Identities, 245-264.
These examples show how clothing and fashion generate and support the social construction of a particular reality in a certain historical period. The uniform of the Chinese people in the Maoist period was a factor in enforcing ideological perceptions in much the same way as the Japanese aristocracy promoted the idea of social status and class through fashion and appearance. The Maoist uniform was effective as a means of reducing class distinctions as well as other sexual and social differences, in order to enforce their essential role as workers in communist ideology.
Various examples from both Japan and China indicate that national identity was shaped partly by fashion in the progression towards the cultural ideal of the great nation- state. In a study of children's fashion in China, Children's Day: the Fashionable Performance of Modern Citizenship in China, tephanie Hemelryk Donald states that fashion plays a major role in shaping…...
mlaStephanie Hemelryk Donald, "10 Children's Day: the Fashionable Performance of Modern Citizenship in China," in Fashioning the Body Politic: Dress, Gender, Citizenship / ed. Wendy Parkins, (New York: Berg, 2002), 208.
A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=102291384
Stephanie Hemelryk Donald, "10 Children's Day: the Fashionable Performance of Modern Citizenship in China," in Fashioning the Body Politic: Dress, Gender, Citizenship / ed. Wendy Parkins, (New York: Berg, 2002), 215.
Cultural and National Identity
In the midst of globalization, cultures are coming together unlike ever before. As a result, refugees and immigrants are faced with challenging circumstances that threaten to weaken their national or cultural identity. This essay will explore two examples of how individuals strive to maintain their identity in this new and changing world.
In Cyberspace in Diaspora, we learn about the Eritrean Diaspora and how they are using the internet to maintain their cultural and national identity (Bernal, 2006). Through the internet the Eritreans debate issues concerning the history, culture, democracy, and identity of their country. This community has raised money for war, arranged demonstrations, created nation-building projects, and have influenced to Eritrean government, all while residing in various countries around the world. They also have a web board titled "Dehai: Eritrea OnLine" (www.dehai.org) which they use to maintain a sense of community and communicate about political and…...
mlaReferences
Beatie, T. (2008, April). Labour of love. The Advocate. Retrieved from http://www.advocate.com/Society/Commentary/Labor_of_Love
Bernal, V. (2006). Diaspora, cyberspace and political imagination: the Eritrean diaspora online.
Global Networks, 6(2), p. 161 -- 179.
Fadiman, A. (1998). The spirit catches and you fall down: a Hmong child, her American doctors, and the collision of two cultures. Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=FeDqIZeZ90UC&pg=PA20&dq=The+Spirit+Catches+You#v=onepage&q=&f=false
Americans' national identity rests largely upon
ethnic kinshi
common language.
shared political ideals.
religion.
federal law.
The American ideal of equality
promotes the idea that all citizens should be equal in their standard of living.
is fully consistent with individualism.
does not include the idea that everyone is entitled to fair treatment under the law.
has helped minority groups to achieve their goals.
has always been fully implemented in U.S. history.
The American political culture includes all of the following ideals except
liberty.
equality.
self-government.
individualism.
economic equality.
Inalienable rights
belong to the government only.
b. belong to individuals but can be denied by government.
belong to individuals and cannot be denied by government.
d. do not exist in the United States.
e. are not mentioned in the Declaration of Independence.
Cultural beliefs are said to be mythic ideas, which means that they are
a. almost completely unreal.
b. perfect representations of reality.
c. symbolic postures that reflect partly what is ideal and partly what is real.
d. perverted images of reality, as in the case of totalitarianism.
e.…...
Slavophilia and National Identity in Russia
Slavophilia is the love of "Mother Russia" that every true Russian feels for his native country. This love is not founded in any absurd or materialistic attachment to the country, but rather to the spiritual and natural goodness of the country -- its morality, its religion, its land, its simplicity and the virtues of peasants. These concepts are what form the basis of the Russian national identity. It is a concept that is noble in mind and the opposite of the self-interested, individualistic conceit of other cultures, such as the American culture. The slavophile is rooted in the communal, collective experience -- the native experience, the peasant experience, the basic, humble elementary aspects of life that give one a spiritual joy because one is connected to an entire community -- a national family -- that is like one mystical body, like that mystical body of…...
mlaWorks Cited
Aksakov, Sergey. Memoirs of the Aksakov Family. Calcutta: Englishman Press, 1871.
Problem/Puzzle/Research Questions
Anand (2000) explores the narratives that shape Tibetan identity, especially the notion of a national identity among those in diaspora. The author explores the impact of Western orientalist theorizing of Tibet on Tibetan self-consciousness, claiming that Tibetan self-consciousness and national identity has been shaped by these orientalist narratives.
Main Argument
The author argues that Tibetan national identity has been historically and socially constructed, via discursive practices relating to orientalism: an idealized narrative of what Tibet means.
Theories and Concepts
Anand (2000) invokes social constructivism, identity construction, and discursive identity construction in the analysis.
Empirical Evidence
To support claims and substantiate positions, Anand (2000) provides an overview of the Tibetan diaspora. The author also cites authors with similar views on nationalism, and also shows how Tibetans in diaspora have had access to the means by which to create and maintain national identity. Anand (2000) also refers to several example of orientalism in Western depictions of Tibet,…...
In the fifth place, some English language cinemas compete directly with Hollywood within its own playing field. The sixth and seventh cinema types are interesting, since they attempt to retain a singular identity without external influence. One of these is the cinema that exists entirely within a state-controlled industry, which is often subsidized by the same state. Finally, there are those national cinemas that hold such a specific identity that they distance themselves, in terms of language or culture, from the nation-states within which they exist.
Having identified these categories, Crofts also points out the importance of recognizing their permeability. The author uses the example of French, Australian, and Indian films to demonstrate this point. The French, for example, would operate in the fields of differing from Hollywood, not competing directly with it, but occasionally delivering critique on its films and practices. On exceptional occasions, French cinema would also venture…...
mlaReferences
Abbas, a. (2007). Hong Kong. The Cinema of Small Nations. Edited by Hjort and Petrie. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Altman, R. (2012). Film/Genre. London: Palgrave Macmillan
Bergfelder, T. (2000). The Nation Vanishes: European co-productions and popular genre formula in the 1950s and 1960s. Cinema and Nation. Edited by Hjort and MacKenzie. London and New York: Routledge.
Crofts, S. (2008). Reconceptualising National Cinema/s. Theorising National Cinema. Edited by Vitali and Willemen. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Having unleashed Demon, the Song is now welcomed into the gang and begins sporting the traditional "black suit" of the gang members. Here, again, it is important to remark on the deviation from stereotype to contemporary national image that wardrobe and props bring to the film. There are no robes of silk, no long, silky geisha looking women waiting on men in the community baths. Rather, Landlady, one of the protagonists in the film, barely makes a move without a burning cigarette hanging out of her mouth. She is in white satin lingerie throughout most of the film. hile Landlord is often seen in his silk robe, and is often being beat by Landlady. Landlord and Landlady and even Demon serve to reinforce the positive image of Asian family in that Landlady and Landlord are not elderly, but late 40s, and Demon is definitely 50 ish.
Together, good or bad,…...
mlaWorks Cited
http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98737571
Chanan, Michael. "The Changing Geography of Third Cinema." Screen 38.4 (1997): 372-388. Questia. 23 May 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98737571 .
A lugo, Marvin. "4 Authorship, Globalization, and the New Identity of Latin American Cinema." Rethinking Third Cinema. Ed. Anthony R. Guneratne and Wimal Dissanayake. London: Routledge, 2003. 103-125. Questia. 23 May 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104539205 .
identity is a means of classifying an individual when it comes to private matter and the government. How a government identifies someone or an institution, is through the use of an identity card. An identity card has a serial number and a picture that helps law enforcement, government agencies and other organizations identity an individual for potential jobs, loans, and even for medical care. However there are some issues with identity cards. For instance, are can people who have access to this information treat individuals unfairly, will there be higher instances of identity theft? Can "Big Brother" use this as a means of spying on civilians? It's important to look at this issue from various angles.
The UK has, for a number of years, set in motion creation of a system to update their identity card regulations and procedures. "A law was passed which established the intention to create a…...
mlaReferences
Andreouli, E. And Howarth, C. (2012). National Identity, Citizenship and Immigration: Putting Identity in Context. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 43(3), pp.361-382.
Beynon-Davies, P. (2011). The UK national identity card. Journal of Information Technology Teaching Cases, 1(1), pp.12-21.
Even during the golden years of the beauty contest between the wars there were unresolved problems with the nature and purpose of such competitions:
There remained elements of discomfort and tension, only superficially palliated by the scientific discourse, patriotic rhetoric and philanthropic gestures of the contest's organisers. These tensions would be released again in the 1970s when a new generation of feminists added discrimination on the grounds of race and disability, together with a more unequivocal rejection of standardised and homogenised ideals of the body and beauty, to the critique of their forebears.
Yet this phenomenon can be seen as consistent with the change in the status of the beauty contest, from a celebration of values that were of universal appeal (even reflecting ideals of national identity) to a tawdry matter of selling sex. y the 1980s and 1990s such contests were experiencing a decline in entrants, with young women no…...
mlaBibliography
Sarah Banet-Weiser, the Most Beautiful Girl in the World: Beauty Pageants and National Identity, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1999
Colleen Ballerino Cohen, Richard Wilk and Beverly Stoeltje (eds), Beauty Queens on the Global Stage: Gender, Contests and Power, New York and London, Routledge, 1997. Useful collection of essays with a global perspective.
Lois W. Banner, American Beauty (New York: Knopf, 1983). A detailed study of the history of the Miss America contest.
Liz Conor, 'Beauty contestant in the photographic scene', Journal of Australian Studies, no 71, (2001). Interesting points on the importance of modern communication/reproduction technologies in 1920s beauty contests.
"The reason being that the colonized intellectual has thrown himself headlong into Western culture. Like adopted children who only stop investigation their new family environment once their psyche has formed a minimum core of reassurance, the colonized intellectual will endeavor to make European culture his own. Not content with knowing Rabelais of Diderot, Shakespeare or Edgar Allen Poe, he will stretch his mind until he identifies with them completely" (Fanon 156). When this fails, the intellectual tends to fixate an idealized version of native culture, creating a romanticized, but ultimately false version of the past. "Seeking to cling close to the people, he clings merely to a visible veneer. This veneer, however, is merely a reflection of a dense, subterranean life in perpetual renewal" (Fanon 160). However, the colonial intellectual does not realize that even when he attempts to perceive the 'pure' past, he is still using the aesthetic…...
Identity Themes in Praisesong for the idow by Paule Marshall and Confessions of a Mask by Mishima
As marginalized people from around the world gain their voice in print, contemporary interpretations of identity become especially timely and relevant. Indeed, in an increasingly globalized world where multiculturalism is the norm rather than the exception, an analysis of how identity is perceived by these diasporic peoples is timely and relevant. To this end, this paper provides a comparative analysis of the identity themes in Praisesong for the idow by Paule Marshall and Confessions of a Mask by Mishima, including an examination of these issues in the peer-reviewed and scholarly literature. Finally, a summary of the research concerning these identity themes and important findings are presented in the conclusion.
Review and Analysis
Praisesong for the idow by Paule Marshall
Although people form an individual sense of identity over time, this sense change can as their experiences and…...
mlaWorks Cited
Alexander, Simone A. Mother Imagery in the Novels of Afro-Caribbean Women. Colombia, MO:
University of Missouri Press, 2001.
Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge,
1990.
National Education Association
Group Identity
The National Education Association (NEA) was formed in 1857 and is dedicated to championing the rights of both educators and children. It has been a part of integration, the Civil ights movement, equal opportunity education, and the rights of teachers for over 150 years. After 1966 the National Education Association and American Teachers Association merged to form a more cohesive and powerful body. Each state has a branch of the NEA that regularly does lobby work to legislators for the resources schools need and to push for higher standards in the teaching profession. The NEA's programs and services may be accessed at http://www.nea.org. There are currently five forms of membership, from Students to etired. Anyone actively involved in the American Education System, as well as several distance and online institutions, may join the NEA, although professional certification is required for certain membership tiers.
Goals
The NEA sees itself as…...
mlaReferences
National Education Association. (2012). Main Website. Retrieved from:
http://www.nea.org /home/1594.htm
Moe, T. (2011). Special Interest -- Teachers Unions and America's Public Schools. Retrieved From: Brookings Institution Press. http://www.brookings.edu/press/Books/2011/specialinterest.aspx
Identity and racial politics in Europa (1990)
Europa Europa (1990) is the tale of a young German-Jewish boy named Solek who undergoes a series of identity transformations in his efforts to escape the Holocaust. At the beginning of the film, Solek and his family live in Nazi Germany. They decide to flee, first to Poland, and then as it becomes increasingly clear that not even Poland is a safe place, the boys' parents send their sons to the Soviet Union. The U.S.S.R. is ironically a 'safe' place for their children because at least they will not be persecuted as Jews. Solek is separated from his brother and when found by the Nazis in a Soviet orphanage he pretends that he is a German Latvian named Josef Peters. The Nazis adopt him and find him useful, thanks to his fluent German and Russian. Thus, during the period of identity definition of most…...
mlaWork Cited
Europa Europa. Directed by Agnieska Holland, 1990
I. Introduction
A. Brief explanation of the Rizal Law
B. Importance of the Rizal Law to Filipino students
II. The Rizal Law and its implications to present-day Filipino students
A. Promotion of patriotism and nationalism
B. Emphasis on the importance of Philippine history and heritage
C. Development of critical thinking skills
D. Exposure to different perspectives on Rizal and his works
E. Influence on students' values and attitudes towards national identity
III. The Rizal Law and its implications to the future life of Filipino students
A. Preparation for responsible citizenship
B. Contribution to the preservation of Filipino culture and identity
C.....
## Outlining an Essay on the Rizal Law and its Implications for Filipino Students
I. Introduction
Hook: Begin with a compelling statement or question that captures the reader's attention.
Background: Briefly introduce the Rizal Law, its history, and its significance.
Thesis statement: Clearly state the main argument or point of the essay, which is to explore the implications of the Rizal Law on Filipino students' present and future lives.
II. Implications for Filipino Students' Present Life
A. Fostering National Identity and Patriotism:
Discuss how the Rizal Law mandates the study of Rizal's works to instill a sense of national pride and appreciation....
Captivating Essay Topics Related to Public Opinion and Socialization
I. The Role of Social Media in Shaping Public Opinion
The echo chamber effect: How social media algorithms reinforce existing beliefs
The spread of fake news: The role of social media in propagating misinformation
Digital activism: The impact of social media on political mobilization
The polarization paradox: How social media contributes to both political polarization and civic engagement
II. The Influence of Mass Media on Socialization
The agenda-setting theory: How mass media sets the public's priorities
The cultivation theory: How television and other mass media shape our perceptions of the world
The priming....
I. Introduction
A. Definition of migration
B. Importance of studying migration in Trinidad and Australia
C. Thesis statement: The causes and consequences of migration in Trinidad and Australia
II. Causes of Migration
A. Economic reasons
1. Job opportunities
2. Better living standards
B. Social reasons
1. Education
2. Family reunification
C. Environmental reasons
1. Natural disasters
2. Climate change
III. Consequences of Migration
A. Economic consequences
1. Remittances
2. Labor force dynamics
B. Social consequences
1. Cultural diversity
2. Integration challenges
C. Political consequences
1. Immigration policies
2. Impact on national identity
IV. Migration in Trinidad
A. Historical background
1. Colonial era
2.....
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