Aristoxenos, two centuries after Pythagoras released his model, sought to discredit the standing theories held by Pythagorean devotees. In his works, he established that numbers are not relevant to music, and that music is based on perception of what one hears, not any mathematical equation. Descartes as well as Vincenzo Galilei (Galileo's father) both also discredited the music-to-math theories that formed the revolutionary basis for Pythagoras' music work, but not on the basis that music and numbers are unrelated. Rather, Galilei in particular figured that the tension of a string compared to the pitch made by that string should be the variables to create the sound ratio, not the length of that string. "Using weights to vary the tension of a string, he found that the above mentioned intervals arise for ratios of 1:1, 1:4, 4:9, and 9:16 respectively. These ratios as different from those found for length; they are…...

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Works Cited

Annabelleke, et al. (2005, June 20) Signal-to-noise ratio. Wikipedia. Accessed online June 1, 2005 at  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snr 

Axtman, K. (2001, August 22) Houston to make computing a right, not a privilege. The Christian Science Monitor. Accessed online June 1, 2005 at  http://www.csmonitor.com/2001/0822/p2s2-ussc.html 

Buckler, G. (2001, November 16) Digital divide creates haves and have nots. Computing Canada. Accessed online June 1, 2005 at  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CGC/is_24_27/ai_80205491 

Chappell, K. (2001, September) UNITED NEGRO COLLEGE FUND: Crossing the Digital Divide. Ebony. Accessed online June 1, 2005 at  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_11_56/ai_77556560

Studies here included in this set are evaluations of large multisite and single site after school programs; evaluations of school- and community-based models; evaluations assessing a narrow to a broad range of outcomes; key developmental research studies; and key meta-analyses and research syntheses (Little, imer, and eiss, 2007, 3).
In Music for Citizenship, David J. Elliott, he elaborates upon the vision of Paul oodford in Democracy and Music Education who lays out a vision for music education to take a "radical liberal" turn in order to "prepare [music] students to participate in democratic society and thereby contribute to the common good" (Elliott, 2008, 45). Such a vision is in keeping with the traditions of John Dewey who held that critical thinking was a moral and political kind of thinking. He wants the profession to reclaim a democratic purpose for music education by contributing to intellectual and political conversations about the…...

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Works Cited

Abril, C.R., & Gault, B.M. (2008). The state of music in secondary schools: the principal's perspective. Journal of Research in Music Education, 56(1), 68-81.

Afterschool alliance, policy and action center: policy news. (2011). Retrieved from  http://www.afterschoolalliance.org/PolicyFedNewsarchive.cfm .

Baker, S.H. (2011). The effect of in-school opera performance and related curriculum on music cognition and attitude. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University.

Beveridge, T. (2010). No child left behind and fine arts classes. Arts Education Policy Review, 111, 4-7.

It is an essential part of understanding and being involved in humanity, and it evokes feelings and emotions in so many people - often feelings and emotions that they did not know that they had. For me, music is very special. It has deep and personal meaning in my life, and it is quite likely that there are many other people who share this kind of experience with it. It is this shared experience that helps to shape humanity, much more than whether they all know how to do algebra or correctly diagram a sentence. Those things are important as well, but music and the way it makes a person feel is not something that the students of today should be denied. Music and what it teaches us about the world and about ourselves should always be part of education.
Sabine, Dave. (1994). A philosophy of music education. Retrieved at…...

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¶ … Philosophy of Music Education, Dave Sabine tackles the issue of why music should be taught in schools. When he was first asked the question he realized that he did not have an answer to it, and therefore he set out to create his own philosophy of why music was so valuable in schools and in a person's education as he or she was growing up. The most important part of the article is a statement that Sabine (1994) attributes to Bruce Pearson, which was that the teacher's "mission to educate has been replaced by a mandate to train." This is an unfortunate but true way of looking at most of education today, as there is a great deal of 'teaching for the test' as opposed to actually educating the future leaders of this country. Because these people are not getting a good education they are struggling when they get out into the world. They are not 'well-rounded,' and they know only what they were tested on - some of which they have already undoubtedly forgotten.

Sabine (1994) wants to see music brought back to schools and although he does state that his philosophy has changed and evolved since he wrote that particular article, the basic premise - that music should be available to all students regardless of their ability to play it - has remained the same. It is an essential part of understanding and being involved in humanity, and it evokes feelings and emotions in so many people - often feelings and emotions that they did not know that they had. For me, music is very special. It has deep and personal meaning in my life, and it is quite likely that there are many other people who share this kind of experience with it. It is this shared experience that helps to shape humanity, much more than whether they all know how to do algebra or correctly diagram a sentence. Those things are important as well, but music and the way it makes a person feel is not something that the students of today should be denied. Music and what it teaches us about the world and about ourselves should always be part of education.

Sabine, Dave. (1994). A philosophy of music education. Retrieved at  http://www.davesabine.com/Music/Articles/APhilosophyofMusicEducation/tabid/172/Default.aspx

History Of Bands/Wind Ensembles
The Wind Ensemble

The modern wind ensemble was born in 1952. Frederick Fennel created the Eastman Wind Ensemble in that year. For this ensemble Fennel created an entirely new instrumentation, which used the instruments that were normally found in symphonic bands or concert bands. However, unlike these bands, Fennel made each section playable by only one person, instead of an entire group. In this arrangement, every player has the chance to play solos and therefore have a greater challenge. Fennel worked hard on getting composers to write music for this arrangement. Composers would write music for it that was much like the winds and percussion section of an orchestra, but with added instruments like the saxophone and euphonium.

One of the only composers that wrote music for bands was Sousa, who composed march pieces. Other than marches, most music played at band concerts was transcribed from classical orchestral pieces.…...

Development of Music Education in AmericaIntroductionMichael L. Marks A Concise History of American Music Education is a detailed and insightful look at the development of music education in the United States. Mark traces the origins of music education back to the early days of the republic, when musical training was seen as an essential part of a well-rounded education. He goes on to discuss the rise of professional music educators in the 19th century, and the growth of music education programs in public schools during the 20th century. In addition, Mark provides a fascinating glimpse into the future of music education, as he explores the potential impact of technological advancements on the field. The result is a thorough and thought-provoking work that will be of interest to anyone with a passion for music or education.Development of Music Education in AmericaThe development of music education in America has been a long…...

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ReferencesMark, M. L. (2008). A concise history of American music education. Rowman & Littlefield Education.

Music Producers
Biographical Introduction: Teo Macero

Producers work behind the scenes and are the unsung heroes of music. While some producers receive public notoriety like Brian Eno and George Martin; others like Teo Macero remain known mainly to music scholars and serious audiophiles. In 2008, when Macero died, The New York Times ran an obituary with the tagline: "Teo Macero, 82, ecord Producer," as if readers would need that crucial bit of vocational data. Indeed, Macero is best known for his work on Miles Davis's masterpieces Kind of Blue and Bitches Brew. He was also a composer, whose approach to music takes into account the big picture rather than attention to minute detail.

Macero was ahead of his time. He incorporated electronic effects and electronic media in ways that made Bitches Brew as momentous and groundbreaking an album as it is. The embrace of new technology is therefore a hallmark of Macero's style.…...

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References

"George Martin," (n.d.). Beatles Bible. Retrieved online:  http://www.beatlesbible.com/people/george-martin/ 

Martin, G. (2012). Interview with Marc Myers. Retrieved online:  http://www.jazzwax.com/2012/09/interview-sir-george-martin-pt-1.html 

Ratliff, B. (2008). Teo Macero, 82, Record Producer, Dies. The New York Times. 22 Feb, 2008. Retrieved online:  http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/22/arts/music/22macero.html 

Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (2010). George Martin Biography. Retrieved online:  http://rockhall.com/inductees/george-martin/bio/

Education of omen in Renaissance
Several methods relating to the education of women in Renaissance changed the world. However, these methods of Humanists and the queries of religious reformers had no impact on the lives of early modern European omen. Education, changing drastically between the 15th and 17th centuries was certainly kept from women although the rich and powerful were able to receive some education: it was not always used. Opportunities arose for the daughters of the rich and wealthy. However, the eventuality of all their efforts in education narrowed down to the typical role of a woman: a housewife. They still faced choices and challenges unique to their gender. hile some women did receive this education alongside men, the options of what to do with that education were cut severely. It is evident from the study that women did not have a Renaissance because of lack of education and accompanying…...

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Works Cited

Bell, Susan G. Women: from the Greeks to the French Revolution. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth Pub. Co., 1973. Print 181-209

Rice, Eugene F., and Anthony Grafton. The foundations of early modern Europe, 1460-1559. 2nd ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 1994. Print. 77-109

In many of the cases Music is termed as 'Universal Language', a language that has no word but still has lot to convey. Music therefore has positive consequences on different front of societies including social, cultural and economical (Music industry and Tourism foster economic growth).
All these factors have convinced the school management to introduce and teach Music as formal subject in their schools, the Music subject has equal factor in terms of grade evaluation as compare to any other subject, Music has to be necessarily considered as core subject for teaching, "The term 'core academic subjects' means English, reading or language arts, mathematics, science, foreign languages, civics and government, economics, arts, history, and geography"(No Child Left Behind Act of 2002).

Following facts and figures are listed to support the case,

According to College-Bound Seniors National eport: Profile of SAT Program Test Takers, Students having involved in the environment or experience of…...

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References

David Bray., Teaching Music in Secondary School.

Nicholas Temperley., the Lost Chord: Essays on Victorian Music.

Gary Spruce., Teaching Music in Secondary Schools.

No Child Left Behind Act of 2002, Title IX, Part a, Sec. 9101 (11).

Program Music
oles of The Program Music

Program music refers to a form of music which tries to deliver an additional musical story musically. This story involved could be rendered to its audience as program notes, causing imaginative comparisons with its music.

This concept of program music enjoys more fame and application in the European classical music world, especially during the height of romantic works in the 1800s. Program music was a very common concept in those times. It was commonly used in reference to solely instrumental music works which are music pieces that doesn't have any lyrics. However, it was also used to describe the lieder and opera music type (odgers, 2009).

The single progression orchestral program music works are symphonic poems and the complete works is produced to be enjoyed and heralded without any external references. The Hector Berlioz's Symphonie Fantastique is a suitable instance of program music as well as its…...

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References

'2016 Summer study: Teaching Music's annual listing of summer music programs' 2016, Teaching Music, 4, p. 51, Academic OneFile, EBSCOhost, viewed 27 June 2017.

Blom, D, Bennett, D, & Stevenson, I 2016, 'The Composer's Program Note for Newly Written Classical Music: Content and Intentions', Frontiers in Psychology, Academic OneFile, EBSCOhost, viewed 27 June 2017.

Garrett, S 2010, 'The Role of Community Music in Helping Disadvantaged Young People in South Wales to Confront Social Exclusion', International Journal Of Community Music, 3, 3, pp. 371-377, ERIC, EBSCOhost, viewed 27 June 2017.

Moss, PJ 2017, 'Program Music', Notes, 3, p. 550, Academic OneFile, EBSCOhost, viewed 27 June 2017.

Imagination Learning
In this exercise of the imagination, I chose to simply imagine being another person. This is also called empathy as well The simple act of pretending to be another person has great value for those who practice this type of exercise. For me this experience allowed me to really place my awareness in someone else's mind. I tried to think about their world from their perspective and how things must be very different, yet at the same time very similar to my particular conscious view of the world.

For educational purposes, I believe the imagination is an essential part of development and children who do not use their imaginations are being held back in many ways. For educational leaders using this exercise of empathy, in which a student imagines being someone else can be very helpful in fostering positive attitudes about others and learning to respect others view points and…...

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References

Results Matter Video Library -- Practicing Observation, Documentation and Assessment Skills, Colorado Department of Education. Retrieved from  http://www.cde.state.co.us/resultsmatter/RMVideoSeries_PracticingObservation.htm 

Songs, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Retrieved from  http://kids.niehs.nih.gov/games/songs

From the research I know he was a ladies man. In Joan Peyser's book (The Memory of All That: The Life of George Gershwin) it is 1927 and Gershwin is discovered in bed with one of the attractive women from a show he and Harry Richman were working on. Caught with his shirt and pants still in his hand, Gershwin offered: "Mr. Richman, what can I say to you? I'm waiting for a streetcar?" (Peyser, 2007, p. 136).
Question #3: Music is far, far more than entertainment. A soft playing of Pieces (8) for Piano, Opus 76, by Johannes Brahms is the healing salve that helps a widow relate to the passing of her 88-year-old husband of 58 years. The Piano Sonata in E Minor D. 566 by Franz Schubert is the ideal theme to be played respectfully in the background as a new artist shows her latest abstract art…...

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Works Cited

Butterton, Mary. (2004). Music and Meaning: Opening Minds in the Caring and Healing

Professions. Oxon, UK: Radcliffe Publishing.

Peyser, Joan. (2007). The Memory of All That: The Life of George Gershwin. Milwaukee, WI:

Hal Leonard Corporation.

In "The Times They Are a-Changin'," released in February 1964, he encapsulated the spirit of the times, and issued a timely warning to the older generation to accept the changing times or be drowned in a youth-inspired social revolution. (Mcilliams, 32)
hile Dylan was introducing protest folk music in the mainstream popular music in the early 1960s, bands such as "The Beatles" had captured the imagination of the estern youth on both sides of the Atlantic. By accepting the influence of each other's music in their work, these artists revolutionized estern popular music. The power of such music in shaping the direction of the youth culture was immense. It spread the message of peace, love, racial and gender equality and challenged the hypocrisy of the existing social order.

Not all aspects of the sixties music were positive. Many of the sixties rock musicians adopted a hedonistic lifestyle and indulged in excessive…...

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Works Cited

DiGrazia, Judith L. "The Sixties: Notes of Discord." Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute. 1983. January 18, 2007.  http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1983/4/83.04.04.x.html 

McWilliams, John C. The 1960s Cultural Revolution. Ed. Randall M. Miller. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2000.

Rodnitzky, Jerome L. "The Sixties between the Microgrooves: Using Folk and Protest Music to Understand American History, 1963-1973." Popular Music and Society 23.4 (1999): 105.

Dylan started to introduce amplified rock music into his acoustic folk repertoire by 1965 and the "Beatles" replaced their simple "I wanna hold your hand" lyrics by more socially relevant themes in their songs in the latter part of the sixties.

..it has to affect people in predictable ways regardless of particular circumstances" (Linton pp). However, music, says Linton isn't like that because one listener might hear the opening E-minor chorus of the St. Matthew Passion and become grief stricken, while someone else might become bored, and another might find that piece incomprehensible (Linton pp). According to Linton, listening to a particular kind of music does not throw listeners into a trance any more than heavy metal music turns its listeners into sociopaths (Linton pp).
However, even Linton back-stepped a bit when he revealed that there was one area of life in which music apparently had the ability to affect people's behavior, grocery shopping (Linton pp)! Several studies reveal that faster paced music tends to make American shoppers walk down the aisles more quickly than slower paced music (Linton pp).

Apparently Holloway believes that society can be transformed by the cultivation of the…...

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Works Cited

Music.  http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=music 

Society.  http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=society 

Linton, Michael. "The Politics of Music.'

 http://www.firstthings.com/ftissues/ft0110/reviews/linton.html

Music eport
Archaeological finds show that prehistoric man had already played music. Music and dance are the humans' most natural and original forms of expression. Berendt said of modern generations: "Nada brahma - all is sound," in nature. Stones, bones, pieces of wood, hollow vessels and cups make sounds when pushed, beaten or rubbed together. Stretched hides bang, the buzz of the arrow whizzing off the bow can be imitated with fingers and the murmuring, roaring and whistling of the wind can be caught in reeds, bone pipes or hollow branches.

Today, numerous types of different forms of music are played across the world. Because humans are so diverse, it comes as no surprise that people like different types of music. For example, there are many adults, many of them older, who do not particularly appreciate hip hop and rap. Part of this has to do with the slang language, which can…...

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References Cited

Berendt, J.E. Nada Brahma. The world is sound. Rowohlt, Reinbek,1983.

Christenson, P.G. And Roberts, D.F. It's Not Only Rock & Roll: Popular Music in the Lives of Adolescents. New Jersey: Hampton Press, 1998.

Freidan, Gregory. "A Response to Professor Taruskin." New York Times, December, 2001.

Liske, Kenneth L. "A Statement of Educational Philosophy and Professional Purpose." University of Wisconsin. 11 May, 2005.

Music
Since the band exploded onto the scene in 2005, the White Stripes have wooed casual listeners and hypercritical audiophiles alike. Founded by Jack White, the White Stripes have received much critical acclaim and the most affectionate form of flattery, too, which is imitation. For instance, Vancouver, Canada band the White Blood Cells is "a pair of balding Irish guys who only play White Stripes songs," (Lucas, 2012). Usually cover bands are tributes to rock's greats such as Led Zeppelin. The fact that the White Stripes already have cover bands dedicated to them shows how much of a mark they have made on music. Yet it has been difficult to classify the music of The White Stripes. Using the term "rock" music is overly general. Therefore, the best classification of The White Stripes has been, to date, the term "garage rock." Garage rock refers to a sub-genre of rock music that…...

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References

Florida, R. & Jackson, S. (2010). Sonic City: The Evolving Economic Geography of the Music Industry. Journal of Planning Education and Research 29(3): 310-321.

Lucas, J. (2012). White Blood Cells' Get Going is an impressive effort. Straight.com. Retrieved online:  http://www.straight.com/article-838066/vancouver/white-blood-cells 

McGreevy, R. (2012). How Jack White earned his stripes. Irish Times. 31 Oct, 2012. Retrieved online:  http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2012/1031/1224325939787.html

1. The Impact of Musical Theatre on Society
2. The Evolution of Musical Genres
3. The Psychology of Musical Preference
4. The Influence of Technology on the Music Industry
5. The Role of Music in Film
6. The Importance of Music Education in Schools
7. The Representation of Gender and Race in Popular Music
8. The Power of Lyrics in Music
9. The Connection Between Music and Emotions
10. The Role of Musicals in Preserving Cultural Heritage
11. The Rise of Music Streaming Platforms and Their Impact on the Music Industry
12. The Relationship Between Music and Memory
13. The Effect....

1. The role of music in shaping cultural identity and collective memory.
2. Exploring the relationship between music and emotion: how does music evoke specific emotions in listeners?
3. The influence of technology on music composition and production.
4. Examining the power dynamics in the music industry: who holds the most power and influence, and how does this affect the music we consume?
5. An analysis of how different genres of music reflect societal values and norms.
6. The impact of globalization on traditional music and cultural heritage.
7. The intersection of music and activism: how has music been used as a tool for social change....

The Symbiotic Relationship Between Music and Emotion: A Neuropsychological Exploration

Music has an unparalleled ability to evoke emotions, from elation to sorrow. This essay examines the complex interplay between music and emotion, exploring the neurological mechanisms that facilitate this connection and analyzing the psychological impact of music on human experience.

The Neural Architecture of Music and Emotion

Music activates specific neural pathways in the brain responsible for processing emotions. The amygdala and hippocampus, involved in emotional memory and association, are highly receptive to musical stimuli. Music can stimulate the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin, which produce pleasure, relaxation, and....

1. Music education plays a crucial role in enhancing student development and achievement by providing students with opportunities to explore their creativity, develop cognitive skills, and enhance their emotional intelligence. Through music education, students are able to express themselves in a unique way, learn discipline and teamwork, and cultivate a sense of achievement and self-confidence.

2. Research studies have shown that music education has a positive impact on various aspects of student development. According to a study conducted by 1, students who participate in music programs have been found to perform better academically, have higher attendance rates, and demonstrate improved....