Microeconomics
The most common way of deciding between these two options is through capital budgeting. If the two decisions are mutually exclusive, a net present value analysis will determine which of these options is better for the store in the long run. This type of analysis involves calculating the incremental cash flows that derive from the decision, and then discounting them back to the present day. The up front cash flows should also be included in the calculation. Between two mutually exclusive options, the one with the higher NPV -- as long as it is positive -- is the option that should be selected.

However, in the course of conducting such a calculation, it will become apparent that these two tactics solve different problems. The confusion probably lies in the fact that the root issue is the same. If increasing capacity is the solution (and both of these options increase capacity), then…...

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Works Cited:

Baker, S. (2000). Marginal cost and the output rate under competition. Economics Interactive Tutorial. Retrieved March 8, 2012 from http://hadm.sph.sc.edu/courses/ECON/MCost/MCost.html

NetMBA. (2010). Capital budgeting. NetMBA.com. Retrieved March 7, 2012 from  http://www.netmba.com/finance/capital/budgeting/ 

Rittenberg Libby and T. Tregarthen. (2009). Chapter 8: Production and Costs. Sections 1-4 Principles of Microeconomics. FlatworldKnowledge.com. Retrieved December 2, 2011 from:

http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/1.0/principles-microeconomics#web-28308

Microeconomics
The class Principles Microeconomics. text book Principles Microeconomics N. Gregory Mankiw. paper answer questions. Final Project Following a description final project ECO-112. The project parts, answered complete project.

Principles of microeconomics: Products used in daily life

Product 1: A Starbucks latte

Product description and usage

The Starbucks latte is a coffee beverage made with espresso and steamed milk. On the company website it is described as "the original coffeehouse classic. And like most classics, part of its appeal comes from its simplicity. A caffe latte is simply a shot or two of bold, tasty espresso with fresh, sweet steamed milk over it. Some prefer to add syrup or extra espresso to the recipe. Some maintain that it is entirely perfect as is" (Caffe latte, 2012, Starbucks). Starbucks lattes can be consumed 'to go' or drank in Starbucks stores, which often have the advantage for students and commuters of having free Wi-Fi. Although it may…...

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References

Adamy, Jane. (2009). McDonald's seeks ways to keep sizzling. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved:

 http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123664077802177333.html 

Big Mac. (2012). McDonald's. Retrieved:

 http://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en/food/product_nutrition.sandwiches.255.big-mac.html

Microeconomics
The ServiceMaster Company is concerned with the provision of a wide range of services to not only residential but commercial customers as well. Mainly, its services include but are not limited to facility management services, commercial cleaning as well as restoration services. In this text, I describe the type of market ServiceMaster operates in as well as the competition the company faces; if any. I also make submissions on how I think the company can increase its market power.

The Type of Market in Which ServiceMaster Operates

ServiceMaster operates in a monopolistically competitive marketplace based on a careful examination of the specific characteristics of the company as well as the marketplace it operates in. ittenberg & Tregarthen (2009) define monopolistic competition as a situation where we have a large number of firms producing products which are similar but which are in one way or the other differentiated. Further, they note that in…...

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References

Amadeo, K. (2011). Economy of Scale. Retrieved May 4th, 2011, from About.com Web site:  http://useconomy.about.com/od/glossary/g/economy_scale.htm 

Hasek, C.W., & Dodd, J.H. (2000). Economics: Principles and Applications. Goodwill Trading Co., Inc.

Rittenberg L. & Tregarthen T. (2009). Principles of Microeconomics. Retrieved May 17, 2010 from FlatworldKnowledge.com: http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/1.0/principles-microeconomics#web-28335

Microeconomics
Service Master Pro-is a Company that concerns itself with the provision of a wide variety of services to both firms and residences. The company's flagship brands include but are not limited to TruGreen, AmeriSpec as well as Terminix.

International operations

Currently, Service Master has operations in 14 countries through its vast network of more than 4000 locations. Through its convenient franchise arrangements, the company has continued to expand throughout the world within a relatively short period of time. Though the company's headquarters remain in the U.S.A., ServiceMaster is present (through franchise and company-owned locations) in countries including but not limited to Malaysia, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Japan, Spain etc.

The possibilities for further expansion in regard to ServiceMaster seem endless. This assertion is essentially based on the Company's strategy for expansion where it seeks to develop through the issuance of master licenses. This arrangement allows the license owners to not only develop but also…...

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References

Burkholder, N.C. (2006). Outsourcing: the definitive view, applications and implications. John Willey and Sons

Flat World Solutions (2011). The Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing. Retrieved May 4th, 2011, from Flat World Solutions Web site:  http://www.flatworldsolutions.com/articles/advantages-disadvantages-outsourcing.php 

Rittenberg L. & Tregarthen T. (2009). Principles of Microeconomics. Retrieved May 17, 2010 from FlatworldKnowledge.com: http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/1.0/principles-microeconomics/28256#web-28256

Microeconomics
Internet service providers in the country are faced with some serious challenges when it comes to microeconomic distribution of resources. They have to consistently provide value-added services in order to be able to gain more customers and retain the existing ones. There are some trade-offs involved when it comes to how big an area the service should cover, who the service should be given to and how to expand or produce their service. "Microeconomics emphasizes the trade-offs inherent in solving allocation problems. The act of allocating resources of necessity involves all people who act as producers or as consumers, who benefit by trading with other people, and whose actions affect, for good or for ill, the quality of life." [1] In our areas, it is Cox Communication that is very popular with residents for Internet service. Along with Internet, they also provide television cable and telephone services. Most people purchase…...

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References

[1] ECONOMICS 260: PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICS   (Accessed 20th July 2005)http://www.reg.niu.edu/regrec/gened/ECON%20260.htm 

[2] Dennis P. Wilson. Economic Analysis - Econ 5311   (Accessed 20th July 2005)http://www.uta.edu/dpwilson/analysis/5311.htm 

Microeconomics: Differentiating Between Market Structures in an Organization
Microeconomics

Electronics Industry

The electronics industry has become one of the largest and fastest growing industries which generate billions of dollars every year. The major products of this industry include personal computers, laptops, mobile phones, televisions, digital cameras, music players, telephones, speakers, recording media, and all types of accessories for these products. The operations, performance, and profitability of the participants of electronics industry is affected by a large number of market forces like technological advancements, competitive pressures, consumer behavior, governmental policies, and economic situations of the target countries.

Sony Electronics Corporation

Sony is one of the top market leaders in the electronics industry of the world. It manufactures, promotes, and sells a large variety of electronics and technological products at very competitive prices. The Sony products are recognized all over the world for their quality, reliability, and a real value for the customers' money. The success of…...

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References

Ferrell, O. & Hartline, M. (2011). Marketing Strategy, 5th Edition. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning

Hall, R.E. & Lieberman, M. (2010). Micro Economics: Principles and Applications, 5th Edition. Mason, OH: South-Western, Cengage Learning

Lancaster, G. & Withey, F. (2007). Marketing Fundamentals, 2nd Edition. U.K: Butterworth-Heinemann

Paley, N. (2006). The Manager's Guide to Competitive Marketing Strategies, 3rd Edition. London: Thorogood Corporation

Microeconomics Final Project: Product Analysis
This text will largely concern itself with two products most of us use in our daily lives. Amongst other things, the text will in addition to describing the products also highlight the various factors that influence the demand and supply of the said products. Further, the products' available substitutes as well as complements will be identified. Later on, the long-term prospects of both products will be analyzed.

Product Description

The products I chose to use for this analysis are GlaxoSmithKline's Aquafresh toothpaste and Hewlett Packard's personal computers. Aquafresh is a toothpaste brand manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline. The same is available in several varieties including but not limited to Aquafresh Ultimate and Aquafresh Triple Protection. Apart form the toothpaste, GlaxoSmithKline manufactures a wide range of other products (mostly pharmaceutical). On the other hand, HP's personal computers include general-purpose computers of varying capabilities, sizes as well as prices. In addition to…...

There are four types, or causes, of market failure. Monopolies exist where a single buyer or seller is able to exert significant influence over prices or output. To minimize such market failures, antitrust regulations are implemented. In recent years, Microsoft has been accused of violating antitrust regulations and thus being a monopoly. The accusation is that Microsoft, as a seller, is able to control the market place, thus reducing competition and creating a market failure.

pecifically, the decision of United tates v. Microsoft, issued on April 3, 2000, called the company an "abusive monopoly." The suit arose out of the merging of Microsoft and Internet Explorer (created when the company bought out Netscape). The decision further required that the company split into two separate units, one for its windows-based features and one for its Internet-based features. However, part of this ruling was subsequently overturned by a federal appeals court and the…...

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Specifically, the decision of United States v. Microsoft, issued on April 3, 2000, called the company an "abusive monopoly." The suit arose out of the merging of Microsoft and Internet Explorer (created when the company bought out Netscape). The decision further required that the company split into two separate units, one for its windows-based features and one for its Internet-based features. However, part of this ruling was subsequently overturned by a federal appeals court and the case was eventually settled with the U.S. Department of Justice in 2001. The settlement requires Microsoft to share its appliation programming interfaces with third-party companies and appoint a panel of three individuals who will have full access to all the company's systems, records and source codes for a period of five years in order to ensure compliance. Interestingly, the settlement does not require Microsoft from refraining from tying its other software with Windows in the future.

The courts eventual approval of this settlement has been met with much criticism from the microeconomics sector. For one, many saw it as merely a slap on the wrist, believing that free market competition can only be restored with government intervention to breakup the Microsoft monopoly. These individuals argue that because Microsoft creates software only compatible with Windows, along with Internet services only compatible with Windows, they have created a monopoly in this area, essentially cutting off all roads for possible competition and therefore leading to a failure in the market. In fact, Andrew Chin said of the ruling gave Microsoft, "a special antitrust immunity to license Windows and other 'platform software' under contractual terms that destroy freedom of competition."

Specifically, Microsoft operates as a coercive monopoly under microeconomic principles, essentially able to influence the market through coercion. A coercive monopoly is one where a business is able to make pricing and production decision independent of competitive forces because all potential competition is barred from entering the market. According to the principles of microeconomics, a market depends on open competition in order to maintain the supply and demand balance and benefit the consumer. Because Microsoft has created a monopoly, the market principle as promoted by microeconomics, is failing.

Microeconomics is one of those subjects that I knew little about before I started. In the course of studying it, I came to appreciate the value it has, not only for describing elements of how the world works, but for the way I could apply it to my daily life. By the end of the course, I could see the decisions that I was making in microeconomic terms; this actually helped me to make better decisions. I am glad that I was able to take this course and gain this knowledge about decision-making processes.
The economics of how we make our micro-level decisions is a fascinating study. Normally we think of GDP and other macroeconomic subjects as economics, so it is interesting to see the link between microeconomics, macro and the real world decisions we always make. This unique element of economic study takes the familiar economic concept of opportunity cost…...

Microeconomics Across the orld
Comparing the Economies of Two Countries with Regard to Pricing Structures

ith notable exceptions, such as Cuba and North Korea, most of the major global economic powers have within their national microeconomic or internal frameworks, some forms or a semblance of a competitive, capitalist economies. In other words, individual economic actors such as firms compete for the monetary confidence of consumers within particular industries, rather than having such behavior regulated by the government. As such, the pricing of capitalist-style micro economies are also competitively structured. Pricing within a capitalist system is based upon consumer demand and the desire of suppliers to meet that demand at a state of equilibrium determined by the market. But although this may be the ideal Adam Smith formulation of capitalism in terms of pricing, no nation and no series of markets operates according to such principles in a pure fashion.

The U.S. financial system…...

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Works Cited

EU Financial System. (2004) Retrieved on June 19, 2004 at  http://www.eu-financial-system.org/priorities.html 

Lonely Planet. (2004) Germany: Country Information. Retrieved on June 19, 2004 at  http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/europe/germany/ 

Lonely Planet. (2004) Germany: History. Retrieved on June 19, 2004 at

In the modern world access to resources is affected by, for example, credit ratings (access to capital), unequal access to higher education (access to knowledge), legal considerations (unequal access to legal services) and unequal access to many other key inputs. This is in part caused by increases in complexity of both the inputs themselves and of the systems by which we derive access to those inputs.
The sixth characteristic of perfect competition is the lack of externalities in production or consumption. Any externality can upset the competitive balance. Perfect competition represents a situation where buyers and sellers bargain directly; externalities are influencers on this process and therefore by definition interfere with the condition of perfect competition. Changes in communication, education, transportation and political structures have resulted in significant influence of externalities in most market situations in the world today.

Perfect competition is rare in this world. Modern corporations are built on…...

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Works Cited

No author. (2008). "Perfect Competition - the Economics of Competitive Markets" Tutor2U.net Retrieved November 18, 2008 at  http://tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/competition/competition.htm 

No author. (2008). "Economics Basics: Monopolies, Oligopolies, and Perfect Competition" Investopedia. Retrieved November 18, 2008 at  http://www.investopedia.com/university/economics/economics6.asp 

Machovec, Frank M. (1995). "Perfect Competition and the Transformation of Economics" Cato Institute. Retrieved November 18, 2008 at  http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj15n2-3-10.html 

Townley, Jay. (2006). "A Case Study in Perfect Competition: The U.S. Bicycle Industry" Jay Townley. Retrieved November 18, 2008 at http://www.jaytownley.com/the-bicycle-industry-competition

This case does not directly illustrate this, because productivity increased 5%. If in the next quarter that productivity gain shrinks, that would demonstrate more clearly the law of diminishing marginal productivity. This is because, for example, if the worker is already working 49 hours in a week, if another hour is added the worker will be less productive in that 50th hour than he/she was in the 49th hour.
Labor and productivity are not related to marginal utility. Marginal utility reflects the additional benefit of an additional unit of spending, where spending refers to consumption. The concept is similar to productivity, because that is spending by business on labor, but productivity is related to dollar value output, whereas utility is related to happiness and other personal benefits. The concepts are similar, but they are not the same and increased labor spending is therefore not related to marginal utility.

The case makes…...

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Works Cited:

Investopedia. (2012). Rational choice theory. Investopedia.com. Retrieved January 15, 2012 from  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/rational-choice-theory.asp 

Swatos, W. (no date). Rational choice theory. Encyclopedia of Religion and Society. Retrieved January 15, 2012 from  http://hirr.hartsem.edu/ency/Rational.htm

Microeconomics esearch
Microeconomic esearch

Over the last several years, real estate prices have been going through periods of tremendous volatility. This is because the marketplace has shifted and there is a change in the underlying levels of demand. To fully understand what is taking place requires carefully examining an article from the New York Times. During this process, there will be a focus on: the utility derived from a specific product, the changes that occurred with demand, shifts in supply and if it is elastic / inelastic. These variables will provide specific insights which are showing the underlying strengths, weaknesses and potential causes impacting the markets. It is at this point, when greater amounts of clarity will be provided highlighting the long-term effects of these transformations.

Consider the utility derived from a product or service mentioned in the article.

The main utility derived from the product is the need for consumers to purchase and…...

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References

Hauser, C. (2011). Sales of new homes fell again in July. The New York Times. Retrieved from:

 http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/24/business/economy/sales-of-new-homes-in-us-fell-again-in-july.html?_r=0 

Goodhart, C. (2007). House Prices and the Macro Economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Weicher, J. (2012). Housing Policy at a Crossroads. Philadelphia, PA: Rowman and Littlefield.

Microeconomics
Supply has an undeniable impact upon price. When supply goes down, price goes up. In this instance, a rapid decrease in supply has led to an increase in the price of lettuce. Unlike producers of other goods and services, farmers cannot always fine-tune their supply according to market demand, because of the impact of the weather upon their ability to produce. Farmers had already planted less lettuce, presumably based upon demand patterns from the year before. Yet demand levels for agricultural products from year-to-year are difficult to predict. For example, when the weather is warmer, people tend to eat more lettuce, even in the winter. Conversely, a scare about the safety of a particular type of produce, like spinach, can cause a rapid downturn in demand.

To make up for the decrease in supply due to a harsh cold snap and still ensure that their input costs are covered, farmers must…...

Microeconomics Before Referencing
Microeconomics Questions

hat market structure exists for countries that are suppliers of oil in the global economy and how this is helping to cause high oil prices?

The supply of oil is largely regulated by OPEC, a cartel or oligopoly of suppliers. "The producers' cartel OPEC accounts for about half of the world's crude oil exports and attempts to keep prices roughly where it wants them by trimming or lifting supplies to the market" ("hy are oil prices so high," 2004, BBC News). The OPEC cartel is characterized by almost all of the major economic elements of an oligopoly, including interdependence of the member countries, in which each oligopolistic nation carefully monitors the activities of other nations, to keep costs down. There is rigid control over prices, to keep prices up, as in a perfectly competitive market that is not advantageous to sellers, more independent competitors are likely to match…...

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Works Cited

Oligopoly." (2000). AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia. LLC, 2000-2008. Accessed March 6, 2008 at  http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=wpd&c=dsp&k=oligopoly http://www.AmosWEB.com.AmosWEB

Tassava, Christopher J. (2008). "The American Economy during World War II." Economic History Encyclopedia. EH.net. Retrieved March 6, 2008 at http:/ / the.net/encyclopedia/article/tassava.WWII

Why are oil prices so high?" (28 Sept 2004). BBC News. Retrieved March 6, 2008 at  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3708951.stm

Sure! Here are some lesser-known but interesting essay topics on microeconomics:

1. The impact of behavioral economics on consumer decision-making
2. The role of network effects in the digital economy
3. The economics of happiness: measuring and maximizing individual well-being
4. The economics of crime and punishment: analyzing the cost-benefit of criminal behavior
5. The effects of income inequality on economic growth and social stability
6. The economic implications of environmental sustainability and conservation efforts
7. The economics of addiction: analyzing the behavior of individuals with addictive tendencies
8. The role of game theory in understanding strategic decision-making in business and economics
9. The economics of discrimination: analyzing the....

The Impact of Social Media on Consumer Behavior:

This topic explores the transformative effect of social media on consumer decision-making. Analyze how platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok shape consumer preferences, influence brand loyalty, and drive purchasing patterns. Examine the role of influencers, algorithms, and target marketing in shaping consumer behavior and discuss the implications for businesses and marketers.

Behavioral Economics in Healthcare:

Behavioral economics integrates psychological principles into economic analysis. In healthcare, this approach can provide valuable insights into patient decision-making, adherence to treatment, and demand for healthcare services. Discuss how behavioral economics can be applied to improve healthcare outcomes, design effective....

1. The impact of supply and demand on interest rates in HSBC Bank
2. The role of elasticity in determining pricing strategies in HSBC Bank
3. The concept of opportunity cost in investment decisions at HSBC Bank
4. The influence of market structure on competition and pricing in HSBC Bank
5. The effects of government regulation on the banking industry and HSBC Bank specifically
6. The relationship between marginal utility and consumer behavior in the banking sector, with a focus on HSBC Bank
7. The concept of economies of scale and how it applies to HSBC Bank's operations and growth strategies
8. The principles of cost-benefit analysis....

Microeconomic Analysis of HSBC Bank

Introduction

HSBC Bank is a global banking and financial services corporation headquartered in London, England. As one of the largest banks in the world, it operates in over 60 countries and territories, offering a wide range of financial products and services to individuals, businesses, and governments. This essay will focus on microeconomic concepts that can be applied to analyze HSBC Bank, with specific examples and insights.

Market Structure

One important microeconomic concept to consider is market structure. HSBC Bank operates in a highly competitive global banking industry. It faces competition from numerous other large banks, as well as smaller....