Mental States
What is a mental state (Are all mental states the same)? Explain why we attribute states to others and what evidence we use. Discuss different types of mental states and explain how they relate to behavior and the world.

A mental state is when an individual is using their cognitive and emotional abilities, to respond to various forms of stimuli that they are receiving (from the outside world). In general, most people will often stay within various forms of mental states. (Mental Health 2011) This is because the majority, of individuals will remain in similar kinds of emotional patterns. Meaning; that these emotions and feelings will follow the same basic trends as the overall mood of the person.

For example, someone who is feeling depressed will more than likely remain in similar kind of emotional state. This is because, they have developed a neuro associative connection between: the various areas in…...

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Bibliography

All About the Positive Effects of Motivation, 2011, Psyche Game. Available from: [11 April 2011].

Different Kinds of Mental States, 2010, Harvard University. Available from: [11 April 2011].

Mental Health, 2011, The Free Dictionary. Available from: [11 April 2011].

Corrderio, J, 2009, Enterprise Information System, Springer, New York.

Hamlet's Insanity
Hamlet's sanity has been questioned by critics of the play for centuries: is the Dane merely acting in order to fool the spies following him around the castle? -- or does he actually lose his mind? Part of the difficulty is that both seem possible (Davis 629). The other part is that critics tend to think it an either/or proposition -- as in, either Hamlet is acting or Hamlet is insane. The play, however, provides all the evidence one needs to assert that Hamlet is indeed acting insane initially (feigning madness) but that as the drama unfolds, his grasp on sanity and reason becomes looser and looser until he himself admits that he knows not what he is doing (and his actions essentially become mad). This paper will show how Hamlet is proven to be insane by both referring to the text and to the opinion of scholars.

The descent…...

Cooperation is the default mental state of the human mind. A young baby will perish without the cooperation of others. It is an inherent trait within the way we can manage our way through this world, and when collaboration and cooperation are absent, strife, confusion and general unpleasantness is sure to follow. The purpose of this essay is to describe how my school environment uses and approaches the idea of collaboration as it applies to diverse learners. This ideas will be expanded upon by also discussing the how parents and community members contribute to this idea. This essay will conclude with comments on how schools and teachers can enhance collaborative learning environments that are supportive and breach the principles of education.
Diverse Learners' Social Emotional Needs

It is important to understand that diverse learners' emotions and the emotions of everyone else are no different. We all hurt, smile, cry and laugh. What…...

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References

O'Keefe, B. (2011). Five Steps To Better School/Community Collaboration. Edutopia, 21 Feb 2014. Retrieved from  http://www.edutopia.org/blog/school-community-collaboration-brendan-okeefe 

Strauss, V. (2013). Why collaboration is vital to creating effective schools. The Washington Post, 2 May 2013. Retrieved from  http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/wp/2013/05/02/why-collaboration-is-vital-to-creating-effective-schools/

traditional sense. So how can possession crimes satisfy the actus reus requirement?
Actus reus is defined as any criminal action that came about as the result of a voluntary/willful action by the body in question. For example, someone who is sleepwalking cannot commit an actus reus because he is not voluntarily moving. However, a person who voluntarily robs a bank is committing an actus reus.

This is an important concept in criminal law because it identifies the need for there to be voluntary action on the part of the actor. For example, if one were forced to rob a bank against his will, such an individual could not in justice be charged with a crime since he did not voluntarily commit the action. Essentially, actus reus is about establishing justice with regards to the will and mind of the individual. The concept can be distorted if one gets into the argument…...

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References

Leppik, I. (2006). Epilepsy: A Guide to Balancing Your Life. NY: Demos Medical

Publishing.

Lehman, J., Phelps, S. (2008). West's Encyclopedia of American Law. MI: Gale.

People v. Decina. (1956). Appeals Court. Retrieved from  http://www2.onu.edu/~s-veltri/documents/Decina.pdf

Language
Madness Rooms

Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart" and Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper" are surprisingly coherent considering that they are meant to represent the thoughts of individuals going insane. Either one could easily have been done in a stream-of-consciousness style that would have quickly moved from linear plot into disjointed expressionism. Instead, both generally preserve an illusion of order and proceed in a linear fashion. Nonetheless, in both stories the narrative begins to decay as the end approaches and madness creeps into the very wordchoice and punctuation of the language.

In Gilman's story, though not so much so in Poe's, the language choices actually clearly point to an exact sort of psychological diagnoses, giving clues to the character's state in a then-common mental illness. "The Yellow Wallpaper" narrator is clearly suffering from nervous hysteria, not only because she says states that this is her diagnoses but also because of the symptoms presented in her…...

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Bibliography

Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. "The Yellow Wallpaper." Archived at: http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/dept/history/lavender/wallpaper.html

Poe, Edgar Allen. "The Tell-Tale Heart" Archived at:  http://www.literature.org/authors/poe-edgar-allan/tell-tale-heart.html

ending" in the reading you selected. Clearly identify the point in the reading when you realized that there were elements in the reading that surprised you. Not all of the surprises come at the end.
I was quite intrigued at the element of surprise at the beginning after I had read the account on how Descartes turned down every argument he earlier presented.

According to Descartes, he had always known that in real life, there are times when one just has to act on opinions that are clearly uncertain as if they were true without any iota of doubt. ut at a time when he was devoted to searching for the real truth, he felt he had to do the very opposite - to regard everything he had always believed to be true as false and reject them. This was to enable him see if he would be left with anything…...

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Bibliography

Descartes, R. (2007). Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting one's Reason and Seeking. Discourse on the Method, 14-18.

Mental Health, Prisons and Hospitals
The two videos -- the news piece on Connecticut's "purple pods" used in Hartford hospital and the Frontline special on prisons and mental health -- both indicate a problem in how society copes with and treats individuals with mental health. They also portray the two extremes of society's response to mental health issues. The Hartford hospital is on the one extreme -- in which the patient's comfort and security are top priorities (to the extent that mental health patients are given their own specially constructed rooms where safety mechanisms and soothing features have been built into the room). The prison system in Ohio described in Frontline is on the other extreme -- where prisons essentially act as mental health hospitals because the mental health facilities in Columbus are no longer able to tend to the needs of mental health patients: the patients end up being arrested…...

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References

Gonzalez, M., Connell, N. (2014). Mental health of prisoners: identifying barriers to mental health treatment and medication continuity. American Journal of Public Health, 104(12): 2328-2333.

Harner, H., Riley, S. (2013). The impact of incarceration on women's mental health.

Qualitative Health Research, 23(1); 26-42.

Mental epresentations and the Mind-Brain elationship
MENTAL EPESENTATIONS AND THE MIND-BAIN

The Dualism Argument

Pure Materialist Viewpoint

Theories

Visual Stimuli vs. Speech stimuli

Descartes Point-of-View

Neurons and Synapses

Mental epresentations and the Mind-Brain elationship

In cognitive (neuro) science all through the last few decades, as in philosophy in the last 100 years, the issue of the mind-body (or mind-brain) occurrences is still open to discussion. Illogically, ever since Descartes nobody has suggested a workable alternate view of this problem. esearchers and thinkers have offered some approaches, yet none has gained the assent of the majority of thinkers. During a person's daily toils the separation that goes on between an individual mind and consciousness is hardly ever thought about or talked about. But then again it is the primary cause for the majority of your existence problems. This separation is not even a recognized fact, as consciousness and mind seem to act as one. And illogically they do. Nevertheless the…...

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References

Baars, J.B. (2013). An architectural model of consciousand unconscious brain functions: Global workspace theory and IDA. Neural Networks, 20, 955-961.

Bartels, A. (2010). Visual perception: Converging mechanisms of atten-tion, binding, and segmentation. Current Biology, 7(9), 56-78.

Gabbard, G.O. (2013). Mind, Brain, and Personality Disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 34-45.

Sevush, S. (2013). Single-neuron theory of consciousness. Journal ofTheoretical Biology, 21(9), 704-725.

State vs. Private Prison
The United States prison system is designed to ensure that the members of society who have chosen to violate the law and commit crimes are suitably punished. Prisoners are sent away for a period of time based on the crime committed and the severity of that crime. Additional factors such as age, mental and emotional state, and motive may have a contribution to the sentencing of the prisoner. The prison system is comprised of both state-funded institutions and those run and controlled by private funding. Both forms of institutions serve the same inherent function, to punish those who have committed crimes and to rehabilitate the offenders so that they can be released back into society without posing a potential threat to other law-abiding citizens. Those who cannot be rehabilitated will either be executed by the state or sent to prison for a life sentence. However, there are…...

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Works Cited:

Levine, D.M. "What's Costlier than a Government Run Prison? A Private One." Fortune. 2010.

Print.

"Private Privatization and the Use of Incarceration." The Sentencing Project. 2004. Print.

Siegel, Larry J., and Joseph J. Senna. Introduction to Criminal Justice. Belmont, CA:

mental health prisoners usa. I've included outline main idea, I apply ideas questions. contact clarifications. I. Introduce define global health issue connection nursing. For, .
Mental Health in the American Prison System

There has always been much controversy regarding prisoners and their mental health, but as civilization has experienced much progress throughout this century people have become more and more concerned about making sure that prisons are able to differentiate between individuals who are mentally ill and persons who are not. Even with the fact that prisons were never design to accommodate the mentally ill, conditions are critical today as a great deal of men and women who are unable to get mental health treatment in the communities they live in are incarcerated consequent to committing an illegality. There are a great deal of people suffering from schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression in U.S., thus meaning that society needs to open…...

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Works cited:

Austin, W. And Boyd, M.A. (2010). Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing for Canadian Practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Cornwell, D.J. (2009). The Penal Crisis and the Clapham Omnibus: Questions and Answers in Restorative Justice. Waterside Press.

Finkel, M.L. (2010). Public Health in the 21st Century: [Three Volumes]. ABC-CLIO.

Videbeck, S.L. (2010). Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Nonetheless, people who received some level of ACRP intervention had a lower rate of criminal recidivism than people who received no intervention at all.

System Flow

The study found that the case flow through the ACRP was a little slow. The amount of time between the Initial Opt-In Hearing and the Formal Opt-In Hearing averaged 74 days. While there are no hard and fast rules governing how long this process should take, the study found that that "the ACRP is performing rather well on the front-end of the admissions process (up to the initial opt-in stage) but that more could be done to work on the back end (time between the Initial Opt-In Hearing and the Formal Opt-In Hearing)."

Status Hearings

The study found that the incentives and sanctions used by ACRP judges to promote compliance at status hearings, though standardized, were not tailored to correspond to participant progress.

Also, the sanctions appeared to be…...

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Bibliography

Outcomes from the Last Frontier: An Evaluation of the Anchorage Mental Health Court (Alaska Mental Health Trust Authority, Ferguson-Hornby-Zeller, 2008).

Improving Responses to People with Mental Illnesses: The Essential Elements of a Mental Health Court (Thompson, Osher, Tomasini-Joshi, 2008).

Mental Health Courts: Decriminalizing the Mentally Ill. (Irwin Law, Schneider-Hyman-Bloom, 2007).

Mental Health Courts. (Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science, Schneider, 2009).

Finally, the empirical demonstration should be followed by directly addressing the concerns of educators about any possible detrimental effect on reading comprehension skills as a function of any reduction in reliance on textbook-based learning. That component would consist of outlining criteria and limitations for using video-based instructional methods to ensure that it does not have any negative effect on that crucial aspect of primary and secondary education.
Moral Purpose Statement for Change and Stakeholder Issues

Educators have a fundamental responsibility to provide all of their students with the best possible opportunity to maximize their educational opportunity. That responsibility includes overcoming learned prejudices that may limit our ability to recognize valuable educational approaches and methods. One example of such prejudices would include the assumption among professional educators that video-based learning is inferior to traditional textbook-based learning and therefore inappropriate as the basis for substantive academic instruction.

In terms of different classes of stakeholders,…...

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References

Choi, H.J. And Johnson, S.D. "The Effect of Problem-Based Video Instruction on Learner Satisfaction, Comprehension, and Retention in College Courses." British

Journal of Educational Technology, Vol. 38, No. 5 (2007): 885 -- 895.

Duffy, F.M. "Paradigms, Mental Models, and Mindsets: Triple Barriers to Transformational Change in School Systems: PART 1." International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, Vol. 4, No. 3 (July - September, 2009).

Franciszkowicz, M. "Video-Based Additional Instruction." Journal of the Research

The severity of mental retardation covers a wide spectrum, as discussed before, and variation in ability of individuals within this spectrum is wide (Tammi, 2006). In order to understand and to assist such persons, it is important to know the category in which they fall and the possible causes of the condition. In most cases, a little psychological instability leads to a mental retardation and therefore psychological interventions can be very effective in solving such cases. The notion of viewing mental retardation as a case of pure medical condition should be changed in order to find means of reducing such situations.
eferences

Christopher D. Prater, MD. (2006, June 15). Medical Care of Adults with Mental etardation.

etrieved March 11, 2010, from American Family Physician: http://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0615/p2175.html

Donna K. Daily, MD. (2000, February 15). Identification and Evaluation of Mental etardation.

etrieved March 11, 2010, from American Family Physician: http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000215/1059.html

Gotiesrnati, .L. (s.f.). Facts About Mental etardation. etrieved…...

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References

Christopher D. Prater, MD. (2006, June 15). Medical Care of Adults with Mental Retardation.

Retrieved March 11, 2010, from American Family Physician:  http://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0615/p2175.html 

Donna K. Daily, MD. (2000, February 15). Identification and Evaluation of Mental Retardation.

Retrieved March 11, 2010, from American Family Physician:  http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000215/1059.html

New findings show that the spouses of veterans also experience mental health disorders, and the prevalence increases with the length of deployment (Mansfield, Kaufman, Marshall, Gaynes, Morrissey & Engel, 2010). When spouses are considered to be clients of health services, the need for improved and more robust resources becomes apparent. Moreover, spouses with mental health disorders present unique issues and questions for treatment. eturning soldiers may find that they have supportive partners who can lead to a mutually beneficial treatment relationship, via couples or family therapy. On the other hand, the mental health problems of the spouse can exacerbate those of the soldier, and vice-versa. Thus, a family systems approach can be extremely helpful when addressing the multifaceted mental health concerns among veterans.
Veteran health services are at a critical juncture. The need for targeted mental health interventions, ranging from screenings and assessments to therapies and treatments, has been proven…...

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References

Britt, T.W., Greene-Shortridge, T.M. & Castro, C.A. (2007). The Stigma of Mental Health Problems in the Military. Military Medicine 172(2), February 2007, pp. 157-161(5)

Bliese, P.D., Wright, K.M., Adler, a.B., Thomas, J.L. & Hoge, C.W. (2007). Timing of postcombat mental health assessments. Psychological Services 4(3), Aug 2007, 141-148.

Hoge, C.W., Auchterlonie, J.L. & Milliken, C.S. (2006). Mental Health Problems, Use of Mental Health Services, and Attrition From Military Service After Returning From Deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan. JAMA. 2006;295(9):1023-1032. doi:10.1001/jama.295.9.1023.

Hoge, C.W., Castro, C.A., Messer, S.C., McGurk, D., Cotting, D.I. & Koffman, R.L. (2004). Combat Duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, Mental Health Problems, and Barriers to Care. N Engl J. Med 2004; 351:13-22July 1, 2004 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa040603

Essentially, this is the ability to form mental images, sensation or concepts in a way that is not specifically tied to sight, hearing or other senses. It is about taking experience and knowledge and making sense of the world through learning and evocation of new thoughts, mental pictures, or perceptions of the world -- whether individual or shared (Byrne, 2005).
Inspiration- Inspiration is a constant search for bursts of creativity and may be found through the influences of others (speakers, leaders, etc.) or through one's own mental abilities. Depending on the paradigm used, inspiration is seen as either being divinely inspired or through unique processes that allow for a change in the usual mode of thinking or operation.

Five Forces Influence- In combination with the four creative styles, we also have five forces that influence these models of thinking and operation: education, training, influence from others, rewards and incentives, and personal…...

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REFERENCES

Byrne, R. (2005). The Rational Imagination. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

DeVol, R. And Wong, P. (January 2010). Jobs for America. Milken Institute. Cited in:  http://www.nam.org/~/media/58F813B0D1E643DC91E564FE4C3B3C2F.ashx-utm_source=nam&utm_medium=alias&utm_campaign=innovationreport 

Garlick, D. (2010). Intelligence and the Brain. Burbank, CA: Aesop Press.

Malone-Cline, J. (October 16, 2009). Mental Process. KnowEverything. Cited in:  http://knoweverythinginfo.blogspot.com/2009/10/mental-process.html

1. The Neurobiological Basis of Schizophrenia: Exploring the Complexities of Brain Abnormalities

- Investigate the structural and functional brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia, including alterations in neurotransmitter systems, connectivity, and neural circuitry.
- Discuss the role of genetic and environmental factors in shaping these brain abnormalities and their contribution to the development of schizophrenia.
- Explore the potential links between neuroinflammation, immune dysfunction, and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

2. Hallucinations and Delusions: Unraveling the Subjective Experiences in Schizophrenia

- Analyze the phenomenology of hallucinations and delusions, examining their characteristic features, content, and impact on the individual's subjective reality.
- Explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these psychotic....

In the argumentative essay, "Gender Matters in the Insanity Defense," it is crucial to analyze how gender bias and societal perceptions of mental illness influence the deliberation and application of the insanity defense, ultimately calling for a fair and unbiased approach that considers both the individual's mental state and their gender-specific experiences. One approach to formulating a strong thesis statement for your essay on "Gender Matters in the Insanity Defense" could be to focus on the ways in which gender stereotypes and societal expectations impact both the assessment of insanity and the outcomes of insanity defense cases. You could argue that....

Gender Matters in the Insanity Defense: Exploring the Interplay of Gender, Mental Illness, and Legal Outcomes

The insanity defense, a legal doctrine that seeks to exempt individuals from criminal responsibility due to their mental state, has long been a contentious issue in criminal justice. However, one aspect of this defense that has received less attention is the influence of gender on its application and outcomes. This thesis posits that gender plays a significant role in the insanity defense, shaping both the perception of mental illness and the legal treatment of individuals accused of crimes.

Historical Context and Gender Bias

Historically, the insanity defense....

The Weight of Memory and War: An Exploration of "The Things They Carried"

This title conveys the central themes of the essay, namely the psychological and emotional burden that soldiers carry during wartime and the lasting impact of these experiences.

Deconstructing the Burden: An Analysis of the Things They Carried

This title highlights the analytical approach of the essay, focusing on the specific objects and their symbolic significance in understanding the soldiers' experiences.

The Weight of War: The Things They Carried as a Metaphor for Trauma

This title emphasizes the broader implications of the soldiers' experiences, suggesting that the physical objects they carried represent the....