Patient's History
The medical history of a patient is a crucial first step for the appropriate evaluation of the patient. It is a list of questions given to the patient or people who known the patient well with the intent of obtaining data that is useful in formulating a diagnosis and providing quality and appropriate medical care to the individual. Within this crucial step, one must be diligent about following a checklist or system in order to ensure that one gleans the appropriate information to assist in clinical diagnosis. The medical relevant complaints from a patient, for instance are called symptoms. Clinical Signals or Clinical Signs, however, are different and are described by medical personnel examining the patient. Within the rubric of a medical history, however, there are various levels of detail necessary depending on the circumstances. For instance, a paramedic might limit detail to critical information about drug interaction…...

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REFERENCES

Why Patient's Don't Ask Questions, and What Can We Do? (2011). Medscape Today. Retrieved from:  http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/743689_3 

Lloyd, H., Craig, S.. (2007). A Guide to Taking a Patient's History. Nursing Standard. 22

(13): 42-48.

Tierney, L., Henderson, M. (2005). The Patient History: Evidence Based Approach. New York: McGraw Hill.

Patient History
The patient's medical history involved a resected colorectal carcinoma at the age of 60, with no evidence of metastatic disease. Liver function was normal at the time of surgery. Three years later, the female patient was found to have serum bilirubin levels of 20 ?mol/L. The serum levels for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were 23 U/L and 820 U/L, respectively.

Interpretation of the Laboratory Tests

High serum levels of ALP can indicate the presence of disease in the liver, bone, intestinal tract, and/or parathyroid, but the most common use for this assay is to detect disease of the hepatobiliary tract (Tietz, 1999, p 676). This is because the liver will respond to any obstruction in the biliary tree by producing more ALP, and these levels can be especially high if the blockage is extrahepatic (> 3 times the upper limit of the normal range). The normal range for…...

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Bibliography

Burtis, C.A. And Ashwood, E.R. eds., 1999. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry. Philidelphia: W.B. Saunders.

Jones, G., 2001. Bilirubin. SydPath: The Institute of Laboratory Medicine. [online] Available at: [Accessed 5 March 2011].

Jones, G., 2005. AST. SydPath: The Institute of Laboratory Medicine. [online] Available at: [Accessed 5 March 2011].

Kusumoto, S., Tanaka, Y., Mizokami, M., and Ueda, R. 2009. Reactivation of hepatitis B virus following systemic chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma. International Journal of Hematology, 90, pp. 13-23.

Medical Case Study
Florence (F) is a 43-year-old woman who is two days post-operative, following an appendectomy. She has a history of arthritis, and currently takes 10mg of prednisone daily. She is allergic to penicillin. She weighs 46 kg (101.5 lbs.) and is 168cm tall (5'6"). This puts her slightly underweight for her age and height, at least 18-25 pounds (Height and Weight Chart, 2010). While doing a route in dressing change, nurse notice a yellow discharge emanating from the wound.

Identify and discuss the importance of obtaining information during a nursing admission in relation to post- operative assessment. In modern healthcare, a nurse must first and foremost try to understand and utilize a systematic and synergistic model of data collection and assessment. Human beings are complex creatures, and the more data one has, the easier it will be to ensure that a proper diagnosis is made. A systematic assessment provides a…...

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REFERENCES

Height and Weight Chart. (2010). HealthCheck Systems. Retrieved from:

 http://www.healthchecksystems.com/heightweightchart.htm 

Prednisone and Other Corticosteroids: Balance the Risks and Benefits. (2011). The Mayo

Clinic. Retrieved from:  http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/steroids/HQ01431

Medical Assessment
Initial Patient Analysis

Chief Complaint

Discomfort in lower back.

HPI

Patient is a 78-year-old woman presented as disheveled, with bug bites throughout her body, and exuding a foul odor. Cognitively, she orients only to her name with a BMI of 30 and a minimal understanding of the English language. She is able to nod "yes" or "no" to questions, but calls the nurse "Mother." She is unsteady on her feet, and has a fine "pill-rolling "tremor in her left hand. He legs are quite cool to the touch, hairless, and toe capillary refill is greater than 2 seconds.

Past Medical History

Unknown, but patient appears to be in distress both physically and psychologically.

OBJECTIVE

General App.

Poor, disheveled, may not be receiving adequate care or living in an environment with enough food or warmth. BMI of 30 is technically obese, which also may indicate the patient is not receiving adequate hygiene.

Bug Bites

Patient may be suffering from a toxic…...

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Works Cited

Hypoglycemia. (2012). Web MD. Retrieved from:  http://symptoms.webmd.com/#./conditionView 

Michael, K. And Shaughnessy, M. (2006). Stroke Prevention and Management in Older

Adults. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 21 (55): 521-26.

Mohr, J., et al. (2004). Stroke: Pathopshyciology, Diagnosis and Management. New York: Churchill Livingstone.

Staircase ramps which are comprised of steep and narrow steps that lead up one face of the pyramid were more in use at that time with evidence found at the Sinki, Meidum, Giza, Abu Ghurob, and Lisht pyramids respectively (Heizer).
A third ramp variation was the spiral ramp, found in use during the nineteenth dynasty and was, as its name suggests, comprised of a ramp covering all faces of the pyramids leading towards the top. Reversing ramps zigzag up one face of a pyramid at a time and would not be used in the construction of step pyramids, while lastly interior ramps that have been found within the pyramids of Sahura, Nyuserra, Neferifijata, Abusir, and Pepi II (Heizer, Shaw).

Ancient Greece

Ancient Greek architecture exists mainly in surviving temples that survive in large numbers even today and is tied into Roman and Hellenistic periods which borrowed heavily from the Greeks. Temples are…...

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Bibliography

Ackerman, J.S. "Architectural Practice in the Italian Renaissance." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians (1954): 3-11.

Alchermes, Joseph. "Spolia in Roman Cities of the Late Empire: Legislative Rationales and Architectural Reuse." Dumbarton Oaks Paper (1994): 167-178.

Allen, Rob. "Variations of the Arch: Post -- and lintel, Corbelled Arch, Arch, Vault, Cross-Vault Module." 11 August 2009. Civilization Collection. 5 April 2010 .

Anderson, James. "Anachronism in the Roman Architecture of Gaul: The Date of the Maison Carree at Nimes." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians (2001): 68-79.

According to the work of Fulford (1994) in an Oxford Practice Skills Project eport "Three elements of practice (ethics, law and communication skills) are approached in an integrated teaching programme which aims to address everyday clinical practice. The role of a central value of patient-centered health care in guiding the teaching is described. Although the final aim of the teaching is to improve the actual practice, we have found three 'sub-aims' helpful in the development of the programme. These sub-aims are: increasing students' awareness of ethical issues; enhancing their analytical thinking skills, and teaching specific knowledge. (Hope, 1994)

In the work of Miles, et al. (1989) entitled "Medical Ethics Education: Coming of Age it is stated that "medical ethics education is instruction that endeavors to teach the examination of the role of values in the doctor's relationship with patients, colleagues and society. It is one form of a broad curricular effort…...

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References

Fryer-Edwards, PhD (2005) Tough Talk: Helping Doctors Approach Difficult Conversations - Resources for Teaching- Domains for Small Group Teaching Prelude 3 Department of Medical History and Ethics University of Washington School of Medicine.

Siegler, Mark MD (2001) Lessons from 30 Years of Teaching Clinical Ethics AMA Journal 2001 October.

St. Onge, Joye (1997) Medical Education Must Make Room for Student-Specific Ethical Dilemmas" Canadian Medical Association Journal 15 Apr 1987, 156(8).

Hicks, L. et al. (2001) Understanding the Clinical Dilemmas that Shape Medical Students' Ethical Development: Questionnaire Survey and Focus Group study. BMJ Journal 2001;322-709-71- 24 march 2001.

Essay Topic Examples
1. The Evolution of Nursing ractices From Antiquity to Modern Day:
    This essay would explore the transformation of nursing practices from the rudimentary methods in ancient civilizations, through the impact of religious institutions in the Middle Ages, to the professional and evidence-based approaches in contemporary nursing. It delves into key historical events, influential figures such as Florence Nightingale, and the evolving scope of nursing responsibilities over time.

2. Role of Wars in Shaping Nursing:
    Wars have been pivotal in advancing the field of nursing, pushing for innovation, and revealing gaps in medical care. This essay would examine how major conflicts like the Crimean War, World Wars, and other military engagements have been catalysts for change in nursing, leading to the development of new techniques, roles, and specializations within the field.

3. ioneering Figures in Nursing History:
    Focus on the profiles of trailblazers in nursing history who have had a profound…...

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Primary Sources

Nightingale, Florence. Notes on Nursing: What it is, and What it is Not. Harrison, 1859.

Barton, Clara. A Story of the Red Cross: Glimpses of Field Work. D. Appleton and Company, 1904.

Dock, Lavinia L. History of American Red Cross Nursing. Macmillan, 1922.

Robb, Isabel Hampton. Nursing: Its Principles and Practice for Hospital and Private Use. W.B. Saunders, 1893.

Sanger, Margaret. The Selected Papers of Margaret Sanger: Volume 1, The Woman Rebel, 1900-1928. Edited by Esther Katz, University of Illinois Press, 2003.

History Of Modern American Nursing
When the Crimean War ended in 1856, patient mortality at British hospitals was forty-two percent. Despite the fact that Joseph Lister introduced the concept of antisepsis as early as 1867, the germ theory of disease would not be adopted for another several decades. Nevertheless, already by the end of the American Civil War in 1865, Union hospitals had treated over one million battlefield casualties, with only eight percent mortality. Mainly, historians credit Florence Nightengale, whose campaign for cleanliness and hygiene in hospitals fortuitously predated the crucial implementation of medical antisepsis in modern medicine (Starr, 1984).

Women in Early American Medicine:

Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, admission to formal medical education was largely restricted to males until Quakers in Philadelphia founded the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania in 1850. While more than a dozen women's medical schools were subsequently founded by the turn of the century,…...

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References

Caplan, A.L., Engelhardt, H.T., McCartney, J.J. Eds. (1981) Concepts of Health and Disease: Interdisciplinary Perspectives.

Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley

Starr, P. (1984) The Social Transformation of American Medicine.

New York: Basic Books

History Of Occupational Therapy
Frame 1 - Introduction

Occupational therapy is an essential part of the recovery process. It allows the person to engage in meaningful activity that adds structure and purpose to their daily routine. Occupational therapy is now considered an essential part of the treatment process for those with long-term, or severe injuries. The role of the occupational therapist is to help the person we turn to a life where they can be independent and are in there and living, regardless of their condition. Occupational therapy helps a person to adjust to the changes in their lives as result of a severe illness or injury. This presentation will explore the history of occupational therapy with a focus on the changes in paradigm that took place during the 1950s and 1960s.

Frame 2 - Occupational therapy was first conceived in the early part of the 1900s. It was originally designed to help…...

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References

American Occupational Therapy Associaton. (2010). Occupational Therapist. Health Care

Careers Directory 2009-2010. Retrieved from 0  http://www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/40/tr01-occup-ther.pdf 

Essentials of an acceptable school of occupational therapy. (1950). American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 4, 126-128.

Kearney, P. (2004). The Influence of Competing Paradigms on Occupational Therapy Education:

History of Magnetic esonance Imaging (MI)
Getting an MI scan may someday become as common as getting an X-ray. - Davis Meltzer, 1987

According to Gould (2004), on July 3, 1977, an event took place that would forever alter the landscape of modern medicine, although outside the scientific research community, this event hardly attracted any notice at all. The event in question was the first MI exam ever performed on a human being. The procedure required almost five hours to produce one image, and the images were, by today's standards, very primitive (this first MI machine now occupies a special niche in the Smithsonian); however, its successors number if the thousands today (Gould, 2004). The advent of the MI clearly represented the beginnings of a new standard in noninvasive radio imaging that continues to be refined. This paper provides the background and history of magnetic resonance imaging, including its discovery and evolution,…...

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References

Albertine, K. (2001). Anatomica. Willoughby, NSW, Australia: Global Book Publishing.

Gould, T.A. (2004). How MRI Works. (2004). How Stuff Works. Available:  http://www.howstuffworks.com/mri.htm/printable .

Hornak, J.P. (2002). The Basics of MRI. Available:  http://www.cis.rit.edu/htbooks/mri/inside.htm .

Ioannidis, J.P. & Lau, J. (April 5, 2002). FDG-PET for the diagnosis and management of soft tissue sarcoma. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Available:  http://www.cms.gov/coverage/8b3-iii2.asp .

Medical Use of Marijuana
Increasing use of medical marijuana

Having looked at the various areas that medical marijuana has been brought into use and the various forms in which marijuana is administered, it is also important to take note of the various challenges that come with it. There have been various researches that have been conducted that covers the medical as well as the ethical side of the medicinal marijuana, and there have been a dilemma in the balance of the two sides on whether to institutionalize the drug or to stop it, and even on whether the medicinal use can be made to work without the proneness to abuse as is the case at the moment.

Medicinal marijuana has neither medical nor ethical standing within the contemporary society where drug abuse is one of the biggest worries of governments across the world and the alternative medicines that medical research can appropriately come…...

This is where the ethicacy of web crawlers comes into play and is discussed in a later section of this paper. Finally the economic aspects of how web crawlers enable more effective forms of communication in shared networks and over Wi-Fi networks is just beginning to be studied (Bidoki, Yazdani, 2008). The growing reliance on smartphones, Wi-Fi networks and contextual advertising will result in entirely new business models based on web crawler technology as well.
Environmental Considerations of Web Crawling

f the four factors analyzed, this is the most positive as web crawlers have significantly reduced emissions and lessoned the dependence on foreign oil by providing interactive, real-time search research. The ability to run servers and entire data centers far more efficiently through the use of web crawlers is contributing to less electric being used, which in turn frees up the petroleum and fuel to create energy to begin with. Web…...

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Of the four factors analyzed, this is the most positive as web crawlers have significantly reduced emissions and lessoned the dependence on foreign oil by providing interactive, real-time search research. The ability to run servers and entire data centers far more efficiently through the use of web crawlers is contributing to less electric being used, which in turn frees up the petroleum and fuel to create energy to begin with. Web crawlers' effects on a cumulative reduction of fuel and carbon are significant. Add into that the focus of web crawlers on creating platforms for specialized search applications, and the benefits of this technology from an environmental standpoint exponentially increase (Yan, Wang, Li, Guo, 2002). Web crawlers can also reduce the amount of electricity used on a given laptop or PC over time, as fewer queries are needed to get the information required. All of these factors contribute to the fact that web crawlers can drastically reduce the carbon and energy footprint of data centers, user's servers, laptops, and PCs over time.

Medical Considerations of Web Crawling

The many medical considerations of web crawlers can be seen in how effectively they are being used to manage medical records in very large databases, and how they are also used

ather than continue the process that began in the first two books, in which the osicrucian Order first announced themselves, gave their history, and then responded to certain criticisms while making their position within Christian theology clearer, the Chymical Wedding can almost be seen as the first instance of literature written within the osicrucian tradition, rather than as part of its manifesto-like founding documents, because it does not seek to explain the history of osicrucianism, but rather explicate how the teachings and underlying beliefs of osicrucianism contribute to and alter one's interpretation of Christian scripture (Williamson 17; Dickson 760). Specifically, one can see a distinct connection between the Chymical Wedding and seventeenth-century attempts to expand Protestantism throughout Europe. The Chymical Wedding can be seen as a the most explicit attempt on the part of osicrucians and osicrucian supporters to wed the new (or newly revealed) society to the larger religious…...

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References

Andreae, Johann. The Chymical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreutz. N/a: Benjamin Rowe, 2000.

Case, Paul F. The True and Invisible Rosicrucian Order: An Interpretation of the Rosicrucian

Allegory and an Explanation of the Ten Rosicrucian Grades. York Beach, Me: S. Weiser,

1985. Print.

Medical Advances in Cancer Treatment Research
This paper discusses the medical advances in cancer treatment research. The writer explores several treatment options and compares them to treatment options of the past. There were two sources used to complete this paper.

There was a time when a diagnosis of cancer meant a death sentence. The word still strikes a chord of fear among the millions each year who are told they have it, but in recent years there have been many advances in medical science that allow many who would have died from the disease to live long and full lives. There are more cancer survivors now than ever before and treatment options continue to be made available.

In the past there were only two options for the treatment of cancer. One could have surgery and one could be given a course of radiation treatments. The surgery was for the purpose of removing the…...

History Of Nursing Science
Nursing has existed in some for as long as humans have roamed the earth. The modern era of nursing began with the emergence of Florence Nightingale during the Crimean War in the 1850's. The daughter of affluent parents, Nightingale greatly accelerated the development of nursing and is widely acknowledged as the most important person in the history of nursing. Nursing science translates to the profession itself in the form of best practices that have been formulated, debated, reviewed and analyzed so as to verify the validity of nursing theories before they are put into practice.

Nightingale Emerges

As is the case with many nurses and others who dedicate their lives to the care of others, Nightingale was driven largely by her spirituality and religious convictions. Many people perceive there to be an inherent conflict between religion and science but Nightingale did not believe this to be the case. Nightingale…...

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References

George, J.B. (2011). Nursing theories, the base for professional nursing practice. (6 ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

McKenna, H. (1998). Nursing theories and models. Taylor & Francis.

Parker, M.E., & Smith, M.C. (2010). Nursing theories and nursing practice. (3 ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Co.

Walker, L.O., & Avant, K.C. (2011). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. (5 ed.). New York, NY: Prentice Hall.

My honest answer to this question is that, as a medical assistant, it is highly unlikely that I would be establishing the practice’s policy in terms of cancellations and patients who show up without appointments.  Generally, the doctor(s) and the office manager establish those policies and the appropriate policies may vary tremendously depending on the type of practice, the demands of the practice, patient utilization, current prevailing conditions (for example, the COVID-19 pandemic could change how a practice approaches drop-in patients), and the patient’s own medical history.  As a medical assistant, I would follow the policies and....

Electronic medical records, which refer to medical records that are not only stored in electronic systems (which includes almost all medical records in the modern world, with the exception of some medical records maintained in non-industrialized nations), but that are accessible to multiple healthcare providers across different platforms.  The question is whether these records are able to improve quality of care by allowing healthcare providers to get a full picture of a patient’s medical history, as well as any presenting concerns or issues, as soon as the patient presents for medical treatment.  It would seem like the....

Intelligence assessment involves the identification, measurement, and evaluation of an individual's cognitive abilities. This process helps to understand an individual's intellectual potential and functioning. Here's a properly spaced format for assessing intelligence:

1. Gathering background information:
- Obtain personal information, such as age, education, and cultural background.
- Collect relevant medical history or developmental milestones.

2. Administering standardized intelligence tests:
- Select appropriate tests, such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) or Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales.
- Ensure that the testing environment is quiet and free from distractions.
- Explain the test instructions to the individual and answer any questions.
- Administer....

Health Information System (HIS)

A Health Information System (HIS) is a comprehensive, integrated information system designed to manage, store, and process health-related data and information. It provides a platform for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of patient health information, facilitating efficient and effective healthcare delivery.

Components of a Health Information System

A comprehensive HIS typically consists of the following components:

Electronic Health Record (EHR): A digital repository of patient health information, including medical history, medications, allergies, vital signs, diagnostic test results, and treatment plans.
Patient Management System: A module for scheduling appointments, managing patient demographics, and tracking insurance coverage.
Clinical Decision Support Tools:....