The economic pragmatism that the Marshall Plan demonstrates for the United States is not necessarily as clearly observable form a basic look at history as is the containment of communism. The decades following World War II and the implementation of the Marshall Plan were definitely economically successful fro Europe and for the United States, but how this relates directly to the Marshall Plan and not simply to the end of the war can be difficult to discern. Looking at how the economic growth and development that occurred following the Marshall Plan actually came to be makes its effects and intentions quite clear, however.
American industry had grown hugely during the war, as factories and raw materials in the United States supplied much of what was needed to engage in warfare for the Allied forces, including everything from artillery to textiles (WiseGeek 2010; InfoPlease 2010). Following the war, it was still poised…...
mlaReferences
InfoPlease. (2010). Marshall Plan. Accessed 3 December 2010. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0831964.html
LOC. (2010). Marshall announces his plan. Library of Congress. Accessed 3 December 2010. http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/marshall/mars1.html
NARA. (2010). The Marshall Plan. National Archives and Records Adminsitration. Accessed 3 December 2010. http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/marshall_plan/
Spartacus. (2010). Marshall Plan. Accessed 3 December 2010. http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAmarshallP.htm
Thus, paramount American interests were to be presented as being really the interests of the Europeans themselves. It would be a situation wherein America was simply helping along people who were, at present, unable to adequately help themselves. The concept had much in common with the goals of many charity or self-help organizations - people grow and are transformed by learning to help themselves. They are given assistance so as to be enabled to learn the skills and life ways necessary to improve their own conditions. Naturally, everything that was in the "real" interests of Europeans would also be in the interests of the United States. The more similar the peoples of the two continents could become, the more readily Europeans could identify their own aspirations with those of the American people, the closer would be the bond between the two sides. In effect, the new post-ar Europe would be…...
mlaWorks Cited
http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5024806711
Adelman, Carol. "Foreign Aid: Effectively Advancing Security Interests." Harvard International Review 29.3 (2007): 62+.
A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=108516904
Agnew, John, and J. Nicholas Entrikin, eds. The Marshall Plan Today: Model and Metaphor. London: Routledge, 2004.
The military dictatorship simply favored specific economic interests, notably large tourist enterprises, urban real estate and construction, and shipowners. The basic weaknesses of the Greek economy, including social inequities and the lack of competitiveness in the country's new manufacturing sector, remained untreated. They would resurface in acute form with the world economic crisis of the early 1970s (Postwar ecovery (http://greece.russiansabroad.com/country_page.aspx?page=146)."
The initial reaction by Greek politicians was not to accept the aid by the United States as they believed it would make the United States hold to much power over the nation, but it was not long before the political powers realized if they did not take part in the plan they may find themselves at the mercy of communist advances so they accepted the plan and its benefits.
CONCLUSION
The Marshall Plan was a plan designed by George Marshall and was intended to help the devastated nations in Europe rebuild following…...
mla
As media continues to evolve so too will mankind and the manner in which society creates social order and reconstruct its relationship between the physical, mental and social. The media is as much an extension of the human senses as it is an extension of technology that enables better information flow, creation of situational behaviors and a form through which social roles can be understood and interpreted (Meyrowitz, 1985). Through the media mankind has discovered a method for transmitting, disseminating, interpreting and receiving social information. This in turn helps mankind creates his own unique identity from which he can operate and live.
Conclusions
All forms of media are nothing more than an extension of the human senses, a tool or medium if you will through which mankind defines, interprets and accepts or refutes certain social roles and social order. The media provides an outlet through which sensory experiences can be enhanced and…...
mlaReferences
Anderson, J.A. (1996). Communication theory: Epistemological foundations. New York:
Guilford Press.
Casey, Edward S. (1996). How to Get from Space to Place in a Fairly Short Stretch of Time: Phenomenological Prolegomena. In Senses of Place. S. Feld and K.H. Basso, eds. Pp. 13-52. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press.
Connerton, Paul (1989). How Societies Remember. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
As a result of huge growth, the company's management may lose focus of the scope of their business.
Miller Inc. has a highly centralized hierarchy of management and lacks the managerial backup to promote creativity amons the employees.
Single-sourcing which is the characteristic of Miller Inc. could be a recipe of disaster should the supplier fail. Contingency plans for supplies need to be considered.
The constrant production nature of the product leads to huge strains on personnel and machinery.
Product line and client base lack diversification.
While the small number of staff promotes camaraderie, unfortunately, it also impedes growth and development.
Miller Inc. is reactive rather than proactive in its marketing efforts. This is as a result of its heavy reliance on mass-media advertising for obtaining new business.
The current facilities of Miller Inc. are crowded thus there is little room for expansion of workforce or equipment.
External
Opportunities
The bakery industry is growing as evidenced by the increasing sales.
There…...
mlaReferences
Armstrong, G., et al. Marketing: An Introduction. Essex: Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2009. Print.
Brenkert, George G. "Ethical Challenges of Social Marketing." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 21.1 (2002): 14-25. Print.
Clow, K.E., and D. Baack. Integrated Advertising, Promotion, and Marketing Communications. Boston, MA: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. Print.
Cooper, Lee G. "Strategic Marketing Planning for Radically New Products." The Journal of Marketing 64.1 (2000): 1-16. Print.
Sampling Plan
Before discussing a sampling plan, there has to be clear and unambiguous definitions of what a sample and sampling are. Despite diversity in the definition of a sample, the best meaning is that a sample could be considered as a subset of a population, with which a researcher would like to use as participants in a given research study (Landreneau & Creek, 2012). According to Deming (1990), sapling is a science, which specifically guides quantitative studies, materials, behavior and the different causes of difference. In other aspects of research such as the qualitative research, sampling could be considered as the art of selecting a part of a population, in a given research area that is a representation of the entire population.
Both the qualitative and quantitative researchers approach their sampling differently. For the quantitative researchers, samples which are selected are those that will give the researcher easy time when trying…...
mlaReferences
Adler, E.S. & Clark, R. (2008). How It Is Done: An Invitation to Social Research. New York: Cengage Learning Publishers.
Babbie, E.R. (2010). The Practice of Social Research. New York: Cengage Learning.
Bartlett, J.E., Kotrlik, J.W. & Higgins, C.C. (2012). Organizational Research: Determining Appropriate Sample Size in Survey Research. Retrieved 28th October, 2012 from http://www.osra.org/itlpj/bartlettkotrlikhiggins.pdf
Beri, (2007). Marketing Research. India: Tata McGraw Hill Publishing.
Soviet Marshall
It is an undeniable fact that the Marshal Georgy Zhukov is the most commended and highly-praised military commander of the Soviet Union, especially for his services in the World War II. It was due to his relentless efforts that the German army was defeated in the East and the war was brought to an end quickly. A good number of historians acknowledge that "the name of Marshal Georgi Konstantinovich Zhukov, the distinguished military leader of World War II and a controversial figure in the postwar military and political hierarchy, conjures up a picture of an outstanding, often ruthless commander, one of a few who led massive armed forces and never lost a battle."
rief iography
Georgi Konstantinovich Zhukov was born Strelkovka (near Moscow) to a peasant family on December 1st, 1896. In 1906, he finished school and was then sent to Moscow to pursue a career in fur-making. During World War…...
mlaBibliography
Barbier, M.K. Kursk: the Greatest Tank Battle. London: Amber Books, 2013.
Provides background information of the Battle and comprehensive knowledge about the preparations of Germans and Soviets
Chaney, Otto Preston. Zhukov. Rev. ed. Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996.
The account of Zhukov's life is provided in detail along with the history of Russian Federation.
Disaster Plan
In the modern era, it is important that government from the federal to the local level have risk management plans in place for natural disasters, man-made issues and of course, terrorism. Generally speaking, risk management helps identify, prioritize and put plans in place regarding areas of risk that can impact the community. The overall purpose of risk management is so that agencies can be proactive in their identification and implementing plans for disasters and risks since in the modern world these plans involve numerous agencies and complex coordination. Thankfully, standards have been developed that organize risk management by looking at six general paradigms: 1) Identifying risks in the context of the area (e.g. flood planning is less important in Arizona than in Louisiana); 2) Planning a process to mitigate the situation (who is in charge); 3) Mapping the objectives of stakeholders (who will be involved); 4) Developing a framework/map…...
mlaREFERENCES
Colorado Division of Emergency Management. (2013). News, Info and Preparedness.
Retrieved from: http://www.coemergency.com/
Drabek, T., et.al.. (1991). Emergency Management: Principles and Practices for Local Government. International City Management Association.
Frenkel, M., Hommel, U., & Rudolf, M. (Eds.). (2005). Risk Management - Challenge and Opportunity. New York: Springer.
They are instead marketed as extensions to existing graduate courses of study.
Defining an e-Marketing Plan for MGSM
From the competitive analysis, MGSM has significant competition regionally and nationally in the area of certificates. There are several lessons learned from this competitive analysis however which can make MGSM's Certificate program more competitive. First, MGSM needs to realize that there is a continuum of pragmatism vs. prestige that certificate programs align to, as is seen in the competitive analysis completed. The use of accreditation is the foundational element of all successful educational marketing programs (Cornuel, 2007) and MGSM needs to use this as the foundation of their e-marketing planning efforts. Accreditation is a measure of credibility in academic markets (Cornuel, 2007). MGSM needs to define accreditation levels for each of its certificate programs to attain the highest level of credibility possible. Second, MGSM needs to develop a specific, defensible niche of thought…...
mlaReferences
Adel I. El-Ansary. (2006). Marketing strategy: taxonomy and frameworks. European Business Review, 18(4), 266.
Bernoff, J., & Li, C. (2008). Harnessing the Power of the Oh-So-Social Web. MIT Sloan Management Review, 49(3), 36-42.
Christy MK Cheung, Matthew KO Lee, & Neil Rabjohn. (2008). The impact of electronic word-of-mouth: The adoption of online opinions in online customer communities. Internet Research, 18(3), 229-247.
Eric Cornuel. (2007). Challenges facing business schools in the future. The Journal of Management Development, 26(1), 87-92.
The Russian influence first made itself felt in the 1930s. The Eskimo language was quickly infiltrated by unadapted Russian loanwords, bilingualism developed and the transition to Russian began. The influx of loanwords has stopped the operation of the flexible derivational system of Eskimo. The schooling, working and living environment is prevalently Russian now. In the 1960s there was a growing number of mixed marriages between Russians and the Eskimo, so the contact with the Russian language has acquired a direct and personal character. Now, in order to save the Eskimo language from complete extinction close and personal contacts with this language are necessary.
hen it comes to their development, no matter where they live, the Eskimo are now much involved in the modern world. Not only have they wholeheartedly adopted much of its technology, but they also use imported food, clothing, and house forms; similarly, their educational, recreational, economic, religious, and…...
mlaWorks Cited
Greenberg, Joseph Harold. Indo-European and Its Closest Relatives: The Eurasiatic Language Family. Volume II: Lexicon. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002
Marshall, Robert. Arctic Village. The Literary Guild, 1933
Williams, Stephen Gu. In the Middle Qitinganituk Eskimo Today, Boston: 1983
eviving a Company: How to Bring New Life to a Mature Business
An Independent Learning Project
Poly-Metal Finishing, Inc. is a company that has had a successful history of more than thirty years in the metal-working industry, providing complete anodic service to the aerospace, military and commercial sectors. I have worked for this company for eight years and am now part of the management team.
With a change in management has come the need for a revision in management philosophy. We have seen an erosion in employee dedication over the years, partly as a result of somewhat authoritarian and outdated leadership philosophies. We have undertaken to research and analyze the factors that experts have determined are essential to the creative health of a company and how this climate can be brought about. Our goal is to preserve the positive elements of PMF, while correcting the negatives, with the aim of re-energizing and revitalizing…...
mlaReferences
Atkinson, Philip E. (1990). Creating Culture Change: The Key to Successful Total Quality Management. San Diego: Pfeiffer and Company.
Beck, Nuala. (1993). Shifting Gears: Thriving in the New Economy. Toronto: HarperPerennial, HarperCollins Publishers Ltd.
Crosby, Philip B. (1979). Quality Is Free: The Art of Making Quality Certain. New York: A Mentor Book, Penguin Books, USA.
Daniels, Aubrey C. (1994). Bringing Out the Best in People: How to Apply the Astonishing Power of Positive Reinforcement. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
In this sense, Stalin decided to extend his influence and to impose certain types of government in countries such as Poland, Hungry, or omania. The same fate would have had Greece and Turkey as well, should the U.S. not have outlined the Truman Doctrine. It can be said that the doctrine itself was a reaction to the tendency of the soviets to extend their influence.
The Marshall Plan can be seen as the economic component of the Truman Doctrine. It was in fact a set of principles pointed out in 1947 at Harvard by Secretary of State George Marshall (American hetoric, 2008). This economic plan too was designed for cater for the economic needs of eastern countries as well, but seeing that the ussian side considered it to be the mere economic arm of the Truman Doctrine, it forced countries under its occupation to reject this reconstruction aid. In fact…...
mlaReferences
American Rhetoric. "The Marshall Plan 1947." American Rhetoric website. 2008. 30 Jan. 2008 http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/georgecmarshall.html
The Avalon Project. "The Truman Doctrine." Yale University. 2008. 30 Jan. 2008 http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/trudoc.htm
"
One of these leaders of nations who had subsisted to the promise of Communism is Vladimir Lenin, Revolutionary leader who became the first leader of Soviet Russia, and eventually, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Under Lenin's leadership, he began realizing Marx's vision of a Communist society, where there is no private property and no class stratification. However, Lenin did not subscribe to Marx' belief that it should be the working class who will induce social reform and revolutionize to build a Communist society, in opposition against capitalism. In "What is to be done?," Lenin argues that revolution under a broad organization of revolutionaries made up of "hardened workers" is not feasible, simply because this organization is "loose," making the revolutionaries of workers more susceptible to outside intervention. These interventions, he states, are the police and gendarmes; hence, a broad organization of workers are not ideal, for it will…...
mlaBibliography
Preston, P.W. (1996). Development theory: an introduction. NY: Blackwell Publishers.
Turner, J. (1989). The emergence of sociological theory. CA: Wadsworth.
In fact, many people believe it was the final factor that led to disintegration of Soviet/U.S. relations, and directly led to the failure of the Moscow Conference of foreign ministers in March 1947. The conference had been convened in an attempt for the two powers to come to an agreement about situations in Europe, including whether or not to unify the German state, but with its failure, relations between the two countries became even more strained.
The Marshall Plan followed the Truman Doctrine in 1947, and was an attempt to boost the European economy after the war. Historian Whitcomb writes, "The Marshall Plan was conceived as a 'counter-offensive' to Moscow's moves in Eastern Europe and as a reaction to Stalin's decision, registered at the Moscow Conference, to rebuff all gestures of compromise looking toward settlement of the problems dividing Europe" (Whitcomb 84). It was an attempt to rebuild Europe instead…...
mlaReferences
Powaski, Ronald E. The Cold War: The United States and the Soviet Union, 1917-1991. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Whitcomb, Roger S. The Cold War in Retrospect: The Formative Years. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1998.
The 1956 Suez Canal Crisis caused an indirect confrontation when America's allies France, Britain, and Israel made an unsuccessful military attempt to take over the Suez Canal from the Soviet Union's ally Egypt. After the U.S.S.. threatened to become militarily involved in the crisis, the U.S. forced its allies to concede defeat.
The 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis occurred after the U.S. discovered that the U.S.S.. had secretly supplied Cuba with nuclear-armed missiles. This discovery was especially alarming because now the U.S.S.. could militarily subdue its rival by easily launching missiles against it. After a naval blockade around Cuba and intense negotiations the U.S.S.. was finally made to remove the missiles in exchange for the U.S. pledge not to overthrow Cuba's Communist regime.
eferences
The Cold War." (N.D) in the Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Standard 2005 CD....
mlaReferences
The Cold War." (N.D) in the Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia Standard 2005 CD.
I. Introduction
II. Body
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