Thoracic Manipulation on Patients with Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain: A andomized Controlled Trial
The objective of this work in writing is to critique the study reported in the work of Lau, Chiu, and Lam (2011) entitled "The Effectiveness of Thoracic Manipulation on Patients with Chronic Mechanical neck pain -- A andomized Controlled Trial" reported in the Journal of Manual Therapy.

The aim of the study reported by Lau, Chiu, and Lam is stated to be assessment of the effectiveness of "thoracic manipulation (TM) on patients with chronic neck pain." (2011, p.141) Lifetime prevalence of neck pain is stated at 66.7% and 12-month prevalence at 53.6%. (Lau, Chiu, and Lam, 2011, p.141) Neck pain is expensive to treat in addition to the suffering of the individual and lost work time due to employee absenteeism. (Lau, Chiu, and Lam, 2011, paraphrased)

There is growing evidence, which has demonstrated that manipulation with exercise and mobilization…...

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References

Barrett, AJ and Breen, AC (2000) Adverse Effects of Spinal Manipulation. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2000;93;258-9.

Cagnie, B et al. (2004) How Common are Side Effects of Spinal Manipulation and Can These Side Effects be Predicted? Manual Therapy 2004;9:151-6.

Cleland, JA, et al. (2004) Immediate effects of thoracic manipulation in patients with neck pain: a randomized clinical trial. 24 Jul 2004. Manual Therapy. Retrieved from: http://academic.regis.edu/clinicaleducation/pdf%27s/Cleland_tx%20manip%20for%20neck%20pain.pdf

Flynn, T. et al. (2007) The immediate effect of thoracic spin manipulation on cervical range of motion and pain in patients with primary complaint of neck pain -- a technical note. Orthopedic Division Review: 2007;32-6.

Human Manipulation
Y

Human manipulation of biological information

Human manipulation of biological information

In this paper, I did Google searches on transgenic animals, spider goats, and glow-in-the-dark monkeys. A transgenic animal is one that carries a foreign gene that has been deliberately inserted into its genome. The foreign gene is constructed using recombinant DNA methodology. In addition to a structural gene, the DNA usually includes other sequences to enable it to be incorporated into the DNA of the host and to be expressed correctly by the cells of the host.

Transgenic sheep and goats have been produced that express foreign proteins in their milk. For example, spider goats are goats in which the gene from spiders that causes certain cells to produce silk into goats has been introduced, tricking the goats' mammary glands into producing silk along with milk. The goats would become biological factories for BioSteel, an incredibly light fabric both biodegradable and strong…...

......shaping the ethical bottom line? Identifying factors influencing young readers' acceptance of digital news photo alteration" discusses digital ethics as it relates to photo manipulation in the digital age. More specifically, the authors aim to understand and examine what affect young readers' rejection/acceptance of news images that have been digitally altered. The authors discover key influencers in readers' choices. "The major finding is that the perceived prevalence of photo alteration, media credibility, and personal Photoshop use and knowledge are the major influencers of "non-professional" standards of acceptance of photo alteration." (Yao, Perlmutter and Liu 124)
The authors imply the need for intervention from a professional and scholarly level as well as participation by ethical activists to advocate for ethical standards as well as provide a public discussion of photo alteration. In a day and age where social media has proliferated and anyone with a camera can make a name for themselves,…...

Along the same lines incivilities deals with the notion that low level breaches of community standards indicate erosion of conventionally accepted norms and values enhancing people's fear of crime and signaling that a particular area is out of control, possibly increasing the incidence of crime (298).
Worrall notes that CPTED works to inhibit criminal activity in areas such as residences and areas surrounding residences, businesses, public transportation locations, such as bus terminals and airports, parking garages, and open spaces through target hardening interventions environmental modifications, and increased awareness of law abiding citizenry. These interventions include; access control -- that practice of limiting access to only legitimate users and target hardening, that is efforts to make it more difficult for criminals to target specific locations, surveillance - defined as any method of ensuring that offenders will been seen, activity support -- functions that assist and enhance interaction between citizens and other…...

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References

Worrall, J.L. (2008). Crime control in America:What works? Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Advertising Information Manipulation?
Advertising is an important part of commerce the world over. The scope and the reach of advertising have undergone vast changes from bill boards to internet advertising and marketing. Everything is being advertised these days. Does this create mere information that is neutral, or does this inform and also manipulate? For example, if an advertisement for soap is endorsed by a celebrity- is that type of advertisement manipulation especially if the celebrity does not use the product at all? Secondly what are the details and benefits of product information? These questions have to be looked into to answer if advertising is manipulation or mere information.

hat is Advertising?

Advertising has been defined by many and the apt definition is that it is simply a method of selling a concept goods or ideas. Thus the major role of advertising is 'salespeak' which is defined as any message that concerns the transactions…...

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When Advertisement is Information?

The question comes when advertisement becomes information. The information about the harm from tobacco that is advertised by a charity has no intention of generating a market, and the advertisement for public good is packed with useful information while the opposite can be said of an advertisement for cigarettes. The advertisement for cigarettes does not give any information on tobacco use but manipulates the user into contacting the smoking habit -- where there is no information or negative information W.D. Wells in 1980 introduced what was called transformational advertising where the advertising provided a motive and relevant information. Thus for business purpose, the transformational advertisement would bring out the emotion that the figure in the advertisement associates with the consuming of the advertised brand and this would relate to a unique set of psychological characteristics and the consumer is persuaded that they too can have this experience. (Agres; Edell; Dubitsky, 1990, p. 69)

The persons who argue that advertising is information contend that all advertising is information and where an advertising is shown where there is no much information content, the argument is that there is some irrefutable information that every advertisement carries and in that sense it is information. Information can also be enlarged to include many things making its reach wider. (Phillips, 1997, p. 34) This could also be the

"
Meanwhile, "False Balancing" is where "both sides are seldom accorded equal prominence," Parenti asserts. As an example of this tendency, Parenti writes that when it comes to a conservative issue, NPR (National Public Radio), perceived as a liberal institution, interviews a "right wing spokesperson" alone. But when it's a liberal issue being discussed, NPR has a liberal and a conservative on together.

Endorsement / Disparagement: Some media use "labels" like "the president's firm leadership" and "a strong defense" without offering any details as to why the president's leadership is "firm" or the defense is "strong." The campaign in California (Proposition 226) against unions used the phrase "union bosses" often, to give a negative tone to unions, but corporate executives were never alluded to as "corporate bosses."

Framing: Another kind of manipulation mentioned by Parenti is "Framing": this involves "bending the truth rather than breaking it." Examples of framing include: using an uncomplimentary…...

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Works Cited

Aufderheide, Patricia. (1999). General Principles in Media Literacy. Media Literacy:

Resource Guide.

Goldstein, Patrick. (2005). 2 reminders that journalists once pursued greatness. LA Times

Calendarlive.com (October 18, 2005).

News Junkie
The author of this brief essay was asked to read the work of C. Wright Mills and then consider a question. The work of Mills is about the “promise” of sociology. The question to be answered is how the author would go about collecting and deciphering the news. The two questions might not seem related. At the very least, the specific work and verbiage of Mills and the question might not be related, at least in the eyes of some. However, they most certainly are. The people that emerge and trumpet their viewpoints in the media hold a certain amount of power. This would include what is said (or not said) in a given news story. While the statement of mills about which men and will “prevail” may seem mundane to some, it is something that absolutely explains the chaotic and often toxic news and media sphere that exists…...

However, Iago usually stuck to plan so he could count precisely upon the results. After all, he was a military man, schooled in the tactical planning and execution of battle plans and motions. This planning and execution reflected the aspects of his personality that flourished well in the military and political world of the Italian city states. A Machiavellian schemer, he manipulates all around him and stays in character so that no one suspects him. All around him count on him as a person most likely to be truthful.
A.C. Bradley, a Shakespearean critic, remarks that "evil has nowhere else been portrayed with such mastery as in the evil character of Iago (Bradley 169)." This manipulating, evil and unremitting character is precise and stays with the plan. Only when the plan falls apart does he fail. This manipulative character is at the center of illiam Shakespeare's manipulation of the plot…...

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Works Cited:

Bradley, a.C. Shakespearean Tragedy. 1974. Basingstone: Macmillan Press, 1904.

Raatzsch, Richard. The apologetics of evil: the case of Iago. Princeton: Princeton

University Press, 2009.

Shakespeare, William. Othello. Naperville: Sourcebooks, Inc., 2005.

10, 84). This validation is what drives Emma to continue manipulating.
Emma recognizes her own delusion when it becomes clear that Mr. Elton in fact loves Emma. This is clear in her imagination, where she continues to think of him as Harriet's lover and not hers. His response is: "I never thought of Miss Smith in the whole course of my existence" (ch. 15, 121). This shows the level to which Emma has deluded herself. She claims never to have encouraged him and rebuffs him. She feels it as "Such an overthrow of everything she had been wishing for" (ch. 16, 123). She is angry that she was self-deceived. In shame, Emma swears off setting people up, thinking that "it was wrong . . . It was adventuring too far, assuming too much, making light of what ought to be serious -- a trick of what ought to be simple"…...

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Work Cited

Austen, Jane. Emma. New York: Bantam Books, 1981.

Manipulation in Never Let Me Go
Manipulation is a relatively dark part of interpersonal relationships that occurs when the manipulator has certain motivations or inner uncertainties. It generally stems from a feeling of insecurity or other forms of unhappiness. The manipulation process is then used to overcome or overshadow these feelings. According to Handelamn (2009, p. 45), "manipulation is not exactly coercion or persuasion or deception." Instead, according to the author, it lies somewhere inbetween the three mentioned actions. This is why manipulation can occur in so many different forms and manifestations. uth's actions in Never Let me Go, for example, take a particularly aggressive aspect when she constantly bullies Kathy and Tommy to do what she wants. By the end of the novel, however, her actions clearly stem from a deep sense of uncertainty based upon the fact that she is a clone rather than a person in her own…...

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References

Austin, E.J., Farrelly, D., Black, C, and Moore, H. (2007, Jan 26). Emotional Intelligence, Machiavellianism and emotional manipulation: Does EI have a dark side? Personality and Individual Differences. 43. Retrieved from: teamvdf.free.fr/TER%20M1/Emotional%20intelligence%20does%20EI%20have%20a%20dark%20side.pdf

Coxall, M. (2013). Human Manipulation: A Handbook. Spain: Cornelio Books.

Furtner, M.R., Rauthmann, J.F., and Sachse, P. (2011). The Self-Loving Self-Leader: An Examinaition of the Relationship between Self-Leadership and the Dark Triad. Social Behavior and Personality. 39(3). Retrieved from: researchgate.net

Handelman, S. (2009). Thought Manipulation: The Use and Abuse of Psychological Trickery. Santa Barbara, CA: Library of Congress.

Manipulation is the primary theme of Joyce Carol Oates' short story, "here are You Going, here Have You Been?" Through the careful development of her characters, Oates presents us with details that enhance a tale of violent manipulation thrust upon an innocent girl. This paper will examine Oates' technique and how it contributes to the overall effect of the story.
Oates spends a considerable amount of time describing Connie. Our first indication that this might be a tale of terror is the first sentence, which tells us that her first name was Connie instead of is Connie. Connie is a typical young teenager, filled with typical emotions. For instance, just as every teenager, Connie does not always get along with her mother. e are told that sometimes Connie's mother would pick at her "until Connie wished her mother was dead and she herself was dead and it was all over" (Oates…...

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Works Cited

Oates, Joyce Carol. "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?" The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Lexington D.C. Heath and Company. 1990.

For example, Torvald often refers to his wife as a "squirrel," indicating that she spends a great deal of money. She has to hide the macaroons that she purchases and wipe the evidence from her mouth when she asks him to come see what she has bought. At first, Torvald replies, "Don't disturb me," (Ibsen 1) and closes the office door. He then returns with a pen in his hand, questioning her. "Bought, did you say? All these things? Has my little spendthrift been wasting money again?"

In addition, Torvald makes statements like, "That is like a woman," (Ibsen 2). His attitude toward women and toward his wife in general is rather traditional and formal, and Nora does not appear to be that way. Breaking free of him seemed to her to be the best thing to do under the circumstances. In the end, Nora chooses to leave her husband and…...

Unconsented Facebook Behavioral User Research
Facebook's 2012 involvement in a behavioral experiment on a series of its unknowing users

Case Presentation

There is much controversy with regard to Facebook's role in a scandal involving users being followed and exploited. The company is responsible for performing a study where 689,003 individuals on Facebook were manipulated in an attempt to determine how particular ideas influenced them. These respective users were divided in two groups: one of them was provided with news feeds containing positive information while the other was provided with news feeds containing negative information. As a consequence of the experiment, analysts determined that the first group was more likely to make positive posts while the second was inclined to post negative ideas.

Facebook's attempt to interfere with people's lives and analyze how this affected them raised a series of questions:

as this experiment ethical?

as this experiment legal?

To what degree did the experiment affect individuals…...

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Works cited:

Bakan, J. "Childhood Under Siege: How Big Business Targets Children." (Simon and Schuster, 9 Aug 2011)

Hill, K. "Facebook Added 'Research' To User Agreement 4 Months After Emotion Manipulation Study." Retrieved November 17, 2014, from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2014/06/30/facebook-only-got-permission-to-do-research-on-users-after-emotion-manipulation-study/ 

Jacobsen, D., & Idziorek, J. "Computer Security Literacy: Staying Safe in a Digital World." (CRC Press, 27 Nov 2012)

Kramer, A.D.I. Retrieved November 17, 2014, from  https://www.facebook.com/akramer/posts/10152987150867796

Movement: Feldenkrais Method

The Feldenkrais Method® of somatic education considers itself to be an educationally-based therapy, as distinct from massage. According to the official website of the trademarked method, its use "is a distinct profession based on the principles spelled out in the International Feldenkrais® Standards of Practice" (FGNA position on regulation, 2011, Official Website). The Method is self-regulated, although regulating an educational practice, even one based in movement, could prove unwieldy given how many other movement-based therapies exist that are self-policed like yoga, Pilates, the Alexander technique.

Whole medical system: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).

Most states require national board certification for TCM practitioners if they are not licensed physicians. "Practitioners must complete at least three years full-time schooling" (Is TMC egulated, 2011, University of Minnesota). Candidates "must complete at least 2,625 hours (about 4 years of full-time study) of didactic and clinic coursework in both acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine. In most…...

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References

FGNA position on regulation. (2011). Feldenkrais Method. Retrieved January 11, 2011 at  http://www.feldenkrais.com/profession/fgna_position_on_regulation/ 

Is TMC regulated? (2011). Taking charge of our health. University of Minnesota.

Retrieved January 11, 2011 at  http://takingcharge.csh.umn.edu/explore-healing-practices/what-traditional-chinese-medicine/-tcm-regulated 

Scientific acupuncture clinic center. (2011). Official Webpage. Retrieved January 11, 2011 at  http://www.scientificacupuncture.com/usregulation.htm

The psychotherapist's role is then to enhance the already existing tools to help those who need it develop their intelligence and problem-solving abilities in order to promote the healing process.
Question 2

1:

Both the cognitive and affective domains are important considerations within psychotherapy. Indeed, the two often function within a causal relationship to each other. In the Communicative Theory of emotion, as expounded by Brett et al. (2003), for example, emotions are directly related to conscious or unconscious cognitive evaluations. These cognitive evaluations then cause an emotional response, which might include happiness, sadness, or anger. The subconscious internalization of the original cognitive evaluation and accompanying emotion could then result in behavior-related problems such as prejudice. Sometimes such behavior problems are so deeply seated that they need to be treated by means of psychotherapy.

Cognitive therapy, as explained by Michael Herkov (2010), acknowledges the relationship between thought (the cognitive aspect) and feeling (the…...

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References

AudioEnglish.net. (2010). Cognitive Neuroscience.  http://www.audioenglish.net/dictionary/cognitive_neuroscience.htm 

Brett, a., Smith, M., Price, E., & Huitt, W. (2003). Overview of the affective domain. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved [date], from http:/www.edpsycinteractive.org/brilstar/chapters/affectdev.doc

Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct.  http://web.uvic.ca/psyc/tuokko/Ethical%20Principles%20of%20Psychologists.pdf 

Eysenck, Michael W. & Keane, Mark T. (2005). Cognitive Psychology: a student's handbook. East Sussex: Psychology Press Ltd.

Right now, it is impossible to discuss the financial markets without looking at what happened with GameStop stock, so we are going to focus our example essay outline on this event.  To understand how a bunch of small investors organizing on social media were able to disrupt hedge fund managers and traditional ways that they profit off of failing companies, it is important to understand the concept of shorting stocks. 

I. Introduction

A. Stock shorting

B. Why businesses fail from stock shorting

C. Why GameStop was vulnerable

D. The impact of purchasing GameStop....

Advertising is such an interesting topic.  It can be overt, such as in television commercials, print ads, or ads in social media.  It can also be more subtle, such as product placement.  Advertising can seem relatively straightforward, or it can involve complex psychological manipulations.  Advertising is a billion-dollar business, because ads can help generate billions in revenue for their companies.  There are so many different things that you can investigate for a paper on advertising, from the use of celebrity endorsements to fear based advertising.  In fact, much modern entertainment is actually....

Persuasion and manipulation both involve trying to change someone’s perspective.  However, people have very different opinions about persuasion and manipulation.  These feelings are based on more than just perception; persuasion and manipulation are fundamentally different.  While both involve trying to get a person to change their stance or position and move towards what someone else wants, persuasion takes into account everyone’s feelings while manipulation is focused primarily on one person.  Therefore, examining the intent of the person attempting to get someone else to change their position is important in determining whether it....

Yes, we are often too quick to assume that the most recent evidence is inevitably the strongest. Our tendency to prioritize recent evidence is influenced by the availability bias, which is a cognitive bias that gives greater weight to information that is readily available in our memory or immediate surroundings. As a result, we often assume that recent evidence is more reliable and accurate.

However, the strength of evidence should not solely depend on its recency. It is crucial to consider various factors in evaluating the strength of evidence, such as:

1. Research design: The rigor and methodology of the study should....