Lewis and Clark
Choosing universities to apply to is never easy. There are so many to choose from, each with attractive qualities. It is rare, however, to find a university that offers everything you could want in your college experience. I do believe that this is what I found when I came across the website for Lewis and Clark University. From the academic curriculum to the environment and campus life, Lewis and Clark embodies my idea of the perfect college experience, and the more I learn about it, the more I am convinced that it is the ideal school for me.

When I first started my college search, I had two criteria at the forefront of my mind -- small size and a diverse student body. As I did research, I found that these two things do not usually go hand-in-hand. There are many schools with small student bodies, but these schools…...

Lewis & Clark -- Letter of pplication
Thank you in advance for your consideration of my application for admission to Lewis & Clark. I am certain that as a student at Lewis & Clark I will grow in intellectual stature, that my studies and activities will lead me to a level of scholarship and academic excellence that will open the door to an exciting and stimulating future.

Having carefully researched the opportunities that Lewis & Clark present to students, I believe my experiences have prepared me well, and I am anxious to be accepted, to enroll, and to become a productive, valuable member of the campus community.

The Pacific Northwest is a stunningly beautiful and ecologically diverse area of the United States, and looking through the information about the College Outdoors at Lewis & Clark, I am excited at the possibility of becoming involved in this aspect of the college. In addition to…...

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Also in China, I worked many hours with other volunteers to help survivors of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, a temblor that killed almost 70,000 people, injured 374,170 -- and over 18,000 were officially listed as missing in that disaster. My work in helping with that natural disaster was honored when I was given the title "Outstanding Student Representative of Volunteers" in the Wenchuan Distress area. I am very proud of my participation in that horrific human tragedy, and also I have helped the Heilongjiang Red Cross in providing warm clothing, blankets and food to impoverished people in the remote mountainous areas of China.

I mention these activities not just to bring attention to my humanitarian involvement and to my altruism, but also to indicate that I am prepared and ready to becoming involved in any Lewis & Clark community support project. One of the many impressive aspects of this college is its leadership vis-a-vis the Peace Corp, which reflects very positively on Lewis & Clark.

Again I thank you for this opportunity to apply for admission to Lewis & Clark, and I look forward to hearing from you. If I am accepted as a student, I will work hard to make a great contribution to the campus and the community, in addition to availing myself of the myriad scholarly opportunities presented.

Zebulon Pike was a soldier best known to be an early explorer of the Louisiana erritory. His expedition from St. Louis to the Louisiana Purchase was as significant for the nation as that of Lewis and Clark who had preceded him in their explorations. Pike is remembered for two expeditions, which he led in exploring the newly acquired territory of Louisiana Purchase. His explorations have always been overshadowed by those of Lewis and Clark. his is mainly because his explorations were questionable in terms of their intentions. It was thought he was a spy, or he had secret military orders for provoking war with Spain. His first exploration mission was to find the source of Mississippi River, and the second exploration was for exploration of the regions surrounding the Arkansas and Red Rivers
he first exploration by Zebulon Pike started in August 1805. General James Wilkinson, who was the governor of…...

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The explorations by Pike are not well-known because they are mysterious. The main intentions of the expeditions are unclear to this day. Pike was not also well educated and during his explorations he never made any new discoveries. This is what has made his explorations be less known. Wilkinson had also stated that there was a conspiracy to separate Louisiana Territory and since he was a double agent for Spain. Having not found the sources of the Red River and the Mississippi has also made his explorations less justifiable. His explorations seemed to be filled with ill luck.

Maynard, C.W. Zebulon Pike: Soldier-Explorer of the American Southwest. New York, NY: PowerKids Press, 2003.

Magoon, K., and M. Mayberry. The Zebulon Pike Expedition. Minneapolis, MN: ABDO Publishing Company, 2009.

Instead they (literally) "saw beyond" the viewpoints of their day. Furtwangler's book expresses how that made them receptive, open-minded, etc., of what they saw. Examples of this are how they included and recorded ideas of many others along the way, and how other people they met influenced their discovery facts and processes. Within the journals, for example, Lewis and Clark see, hear, taste, touch and smell what they do as a result, partly, of Native American influences.
Lewis and Clark wanted to use all five senses to experience what they discovered, and not rely on just measuring, counting, and recording (although that was also important). They wished to use their discoveries to better understand not just the areas they saw, but to learn and understand more about the universe.

Overall, I enjoyed this book, although I did feel that it was dry in some parts. All in all, Acts of Discovery:…...

Indian Interactions
In reading about the first-hand reactions and interactions that Merriweather Lewis had with the Shoshone Indians, one can glean what Lewis and his men thought about the Indians, how they reacted to them and how they perceived them. It is widely known and perceived that the Europeans vastly mistreated and subjugated the Indians and this really did start with Columbus. Even so, the totality of the interactions and back/forth between the Europeans and the Indians was by no means monolithic and solely violent and the details about how the groups perceived each other upon their initial meeting and thereafter is useful to see. hile the more violent and sordid parts of the story of the Indians and the European is important, any other details or facets that can be looked at are important as well.

Analysis

Lewis had about fifty men that were with him. hile the instructions from Thomas Jefferson…...

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Works Cited

MacMillan. "Critical Thinking Modules -- Index By Type." Macmillanlearning.Com, 2016,  http://www.macmillanlearning.com/Catalog/static/bsm/historymodules/CTM/tpcindex.htm .

MacMillan. "Meriweather Lewis Journal." Macmillanlearning.Com, 2016,  http://www.macmillanlearning.com/Catalog/static/bsm/historymodules/modules/mod08/frameset.htm .

PBS. "Lewis And Clark - PBS." Pbs.Org, 2016,  http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/ .

American History
Your Highnesses have an Other World here, by which our holy faith can be so greatly advanced and from which such great wealth can be drawn," wrote Christopher Columbus to the king and queen of Spain following his third voyage to the Americas in 1498 (rinkley 1). ut even after visiting the New World three times he still had no idea what he had truly started, and he certainly saw no sign that he had began a new era in history. Yet, the history of European involvement in America had begun. Over the next several decades Spanish conquistadores made more and more voyages to the New World, and the royal treasuries grew. Settlements were established and the other European powers, seeing their opportunity, soon made efforts to establish colonies of their own.

In the midst of all of this, the native inhabitants were removed from their lands and sometimes massacred…...

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Bibliography

Brinkley, Douglas. American Heritage: History of the United States. New York: Viking, 1998.

Davis, Kenneth. American History. New York: Harper Collins, 2003.

Gutman, Bill and Anne Wertheim. The Look-It-Up Book of the 50 States. New York: Random House, 2002.

Turner, Frederick. The Frontier in American History. New York: Dover Publications, 1996.

Among the animals found in these relatively lush riparian zones are elk, deer, bear, sheep, and mountain lions. In addition, smaller animals that live and feed along this biologically vital corridor may include birds (like the ring-necked pheasant, grouse, geese, falcons, great blue herons, hummingbirds and warblers), small mammals (such as longtail weasel and striped skunk), reptiles (garter snake and the western painted turtle), and amphibians (red-legged frog and the Pacific giant salamander). The flora and fauna often include many threatened, endangered, or sensitive species, among which could be the bald eagle, peregrine falcon, and kit fox (The Columbia iver Basin watershed and its ecosystems 2005).
The plant life along the river can also has an effect on the health of the species living in the river by maintaining the health of the river by influencing the amount and kind of sediment in the river. The vegetation along the side…...

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References

Columbia River (2005). Center for Columbia River History. Retrieved September 10, 2005 at http://www.ccrh.org/river/history.htm.

The Columbia River Basin watershed and its ecosystems (2005). Foundation for Water and Energy Education. Retrieved September 9, 2005 at  http://www.fwee.org/crb.html .

How a hydroelectric project can affect a river (2005). Foundation for Water and Energy Education. Retrieved September 9, 2005 at  http://www.fwee.org/hpar.html .

Human history in the Tetons (2001). Grand Teton History, retrieved September 10, 2005 at  http://www.americanparknetwork.com/parkinfo/gt/history/ .

Legacy of Sacagawea to a Discovery of American Territories
Sacagawea was a bilingual Shoshone woman who had been remembered for her immense contribution to the American history. Born in 1788, Sacagawea accompanied Clark and Lewis' Corps to assist in the discovery of many parts of Northern America from the Pacific Ocean to the Rocky mountain. Sacagawea skills as a translator were invaluable for the expeditions in passing through the difficult terrain. Her contribution to the United States made Sacagawea become the monument in the American history. Sacagawea was the native American Shoshone tribe and grew up at the surrounding of the Rocky mountain near the Salmon River region now referred as Idaho.

The objective of this essay is to illustrate the contribution of Sacagawea in the U.S. history during the era of Reconstruction.
 

Sacagawea Contribution in the Reconstruction Era of the U.S. history

Sacagawea was 12 years old when the Hidatsa warriors raided and…...

There were a lot of white people around, and many of them were angry that the blacks had been freed. Some of them were actually hostile toward the blacks and their newfound freedom, so the blacks learned quickly that they had to be careful. They needed to settle a little bit away from the hostile whites and do their best not to make waves or cause trouble, in the hopes that they might one day be accepted (Reconstruction, 2002).
During the first few years after the Emancipation Proclamation and the subsequent freedom of all blacks in the United States, many blacks began working very hard to educate themselves. In there minds, education meant the ability to negotiate with whites over land, earn a fair wage to pay for it, and take care of their families. lack families were often large, so many of the members could work to help support…...

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Bibliography

Black Farming and History. 2002. Homecoming.  http://www.itvs.org/homecoming/history1.html .

Carroll J. 1998. Organizational learning activities in high-hazard industries. Journal of Management Studies, 35: 699-717

Reconstruction and its aftermath. 2002. African-American Odyssey.  http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart5.html .

VandeCreek, Drew E., Ph.D. 2000. Frontier Settlement. Abraham Lincoln Historical Digitization Project.  http://Lincoln.lib.niu.edu/frontier.html .

Sacagawea by Lise Erdrich, illustrated by Julie Buffalohead is an award winning children's biography of the Shoshone woman who acted as interpreter and guide for Lewis and Clark during their famous exploration of the west in 1804. The book received the Carter G. oodson Award for social science book that depicts ethnicity in the United States as well as being an International Reading Association (IRA) teacher's choice and an International Reading Association (IRA)/Children's Book Council (CBC) children's choice. Eldrich is a member of the Turtle Mountain band of Plains-Ojibway and Buffalohead is of Ponca heritage.
The book details a great deal of factual content concerning the time period and the geography of the area. The story tells of Sacagawea's life from age eleven when she was kidnapped by a Hidatsa raiding party when she was out gathering roots and berries and firewood along the riverbank and the men were out hunting…...

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Works Cited

Erdrich, Lise. Sacagawea. Mineapolis, MN: Carolrhoda Books Inc., 2003. Print.

Summary of the three most important leadership lessons learned

What one can and should learn from studying the life and thinking of Thomas Jefferson is that leaders are not necessarily born, but they are also shaped. What is takes to be a leader in those days, is similar to these. One needs constant learning and interest in different fields of activity that will cultivate not only a good understanding of their society but also a way of thinking that results into initiative. One of the features of Jefferson's leadership is the importance of initiative. Also, one should have within his communication skill those of persuasion. Without a convincingly presentation of one's ideas, these cannot become valuable initiatives - support, and later on persons that carry on one's idea, so therefore followers, are won by powerful statements by powerful men. That is what Thomas Jefferson had: initiative, based on a rigorous discipline…...

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Bibliography

Biography Online. 3 Major Achievements of Thomas Jefferson. n.d. 22 March 2008.  http://www.biographyonline.net/thomas_jefferson/achievements.html 

Chemers, Martin M.. An Integrative Theory of Leadership. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 1997

Eicholz, Hans. Harmonizing Sentiments: The Declaration of Independence and the Jeffersonian Idea of Self-Government. New York: Peter Lang. 2001

Gould, William D. "

(Psychopedia, 2014, p. 1)
Psychosocial Theory

Psychosocial theory is reported to combine internal psychological factors and social factors that are external with each stage building on the others and focusing on a challenge that needs to be resolved during that specific stage so that the individual can move on to the next stage of development. (http://www3.niu.edu/acad/fcns280/THEORY/sld008.htm)

VI. enefits of Counseling and Development Theories

The benefits of counseling related to theories of human development include assisting individuals in understanding how they got to where they are today and assist them in understanding how they can personally make changes or adjustments in their own life to achieve their personal life goals. It is reported that "According to develop mentalists, relationships among cognitions, emotions, and behaviors are interdependent and rooted in transactions with the environment (locher, 1980); therefore, while all humans possess inherent natures and abilities to mature, certain conditions must be present to facilitate the…...

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Bibliography

Muro, L. (2007) The Effects of Human Developmental counseling Application Curriculum on Content Integration, Application, and Cognitive Complexity for Counselor Trainees. Retrieved from:  http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5138/m2/1/high_res_d/dissertation.pdf 

Counseling Psychology (2014) Lewis & Clark Graduate School of Educational Counseling. Retrieved from:  http://graduate.lclark.edu/departments/counseling_psychology/mental_health/about/ 

Psychosocial Theory (Erik Erikson) (2014) Retrieved from: http://www3.niu.edu/acad/fcns280/THEORY/sld008.htm

Learning Theory (2014) Princeton University. Retrieved from: https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Learning_theory_(education).html

Burnham spent most of his life in the early, expanding est in Detroit, Michigan. He worked as sign painter as well as a popular artist of portraits, landscapes, and genre scenes like the Young Artist. Burnham did the Lewis and Clark Expedition from his imagination, and many of his works are stylized and idealized types of Americana. The charm of the young boy drawing on a beer barrel to delight his friends, an old woman, and an African-American child (perhaps a servant or a slave, it remains slightly unclear) suggests that this is what true American art is -- and should resemble (Thomas Mickell Burnham, 2009, Ask Art). Burnham was also fond of popular seascapes of ships and sailors, evidently culled from his memory growing up in Boston.
The value of this work is primarily to get a glimpse of what American popular art resembled, and how America saw itself…...

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Works Cited

Burnham, Thomas. (1840). The Young Artist. Orlando Museum. Retrieved February 26, 2009 at:  http://www.omart.org/collections/american-art/thomas-mickell-burnham-young 

Thomas Mickell Burnham. (2009). Ask Art. Retrieved February 26, 2009  http://www.askart.com/askart/b/thomas_mickell_burnham/thomas_mickell_burnham.aspx 

Thomas Mickell Burnham. (2009). Art Net. Retrieved February 26, 2009  http://www.artnet.com/artist/3364/thomas-mickell-burnham.html 

Art analysis

For example, "in 1999, a Los Angeles jury issued the biggest punitive damage verdict ever -- $4 billion -- against General Motors (GM). The plaintiffs had been trapped and burned when their automobile gas tanks exploded. In court it was revealed that GM had chosen not to warn the public about the gas-line defect because it judged it would be cheaper to pay out individual lawsuits than to recall the defective automobiles," as explicitly stated in an internal company memo (Court 2004)
Do you think pre-conviction forfeiture in criminal cases is constitutional?

Strictly speaking, the practice is of highly dubious constitutionality, given that Amendment 7 of the U.S. Constitution requires a trial by jury to convict them of a crime. In some cases, pre-conviction forfeiture has been used to remove animals when someone is charged with abuse, which may seem like a noble use of the statute, but even then, given…...

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Works Cited

Amendment 7." U.S. Constitution Online. 3 Apr 2008.  http://www.usconstitution.net/xconst_Am7.html 

Animal Rights: Article Topics." Lewis & Clark College. 3 Apr 2008.  http://www.lclark.edu/org/ncal/articletopics.html 

Court, Jamie. "Supremes Limit Punitive Damages." Dollars & Sense. 2004. 3 Apr 2008.  http://www.dollarsandsense.org/archives/2004/0304court.html "

American Expansion
American Territorial Expansion: The Louisiana Purchase

American territorial expansion was the top priority of ashington DC for every decade of the 19th century, including the Civil ar years. The new territory all came to Americans through treaties or conquest, and thus promoted the isolationist "Manifest Destiny" prerogative of strengthening the American continent. The earliest and largest territorial expansion of the 19th century was the Louisiana Purchase, doubling the size of the American states. The Louisiana Purchase was made with the short-term bolstering of Thomas Jefferson's government in the near-term, yet with deep concerns for the security of the new land and how and who should settle the land in the long-term.

The Louisiana Purchase was not a decision taken lightly by then President Thomas Jefferson, who felt that it would be difficult for the young America to take full possession of the territory, and thus sign the country into a future…...

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Work Cited

1803, and the United States. "Louisiana Purchase." Gateway New Orleans: N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2012. .

Jefferson, Thomas. "Treaty with France (Louisiana Purchase). 1909-14. American Historical Documents, 1000-1904. The Harvard Classics." Bartleby.com: Great Books Online -- Quotes, Poems, Novels, Classics and hundreds more. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2012. .

"Louisiana: European Explorations and the Louisiana Purchase - The Louisiana Purchase (American Memory from the Library of Congress)." American Memory from the Library of Congress - Home Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2012. .

"The Louisiana Purchase -- Thomas Jefferson's Monticello." Thomas Jefferson's Monticello. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2012. .