Jean Watson
Analysis of Nursing Theory

Jean Watson is one of the reputable contributors in the contemporary nursing field. She is rather well-known for her work namely, Theory of Human Caring. Other than this eminent theory, she has presented various research papers which have made visible addition to theoretical work in the field of nursing. Her work on caring has also been included in the standard education related to patient care and has been adopted by many nursing schools and institutes globally. Watson's theoretical model is rather well-known for presenting the scientific application of the practice of patient's care as it emphasizes on not only eliminating the ailment but enhances the overall health of the patient in physical, mental and psychological frame of reference.

Watson was born in 1940 and had her graduation completed from Virginia in 1961. Her Bachelors was completed in Colorado in 1964 which further lead to her Masters education…...

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References

Fitzpatrick, J.J., Whall, A.L. (2005). Conceptual models of nursing: analysis and application. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Nursing-Theory. (2012). Biography of Jean Watson. Retrieved from  http://nursing-theory.org/nursing-theorists/Jean-Watson.php 

Tomey, A.M. & Alligood, M. (2002). Nursing Theorists and their Work; 5th Edition. Singapore: Mosby, Inc. p. 145.

Watson, J. (1988). Nursing: Human science and human care. A theory of nursing (2nd printing). New York: National League for Nursing.

Watson
discuss major advantages disadvantages Jean Watson's Theory clinical practice . How nurses explain Watson's theory Human Caring nurse coworker? . Peer-reviewed references

Major advantages and disadvantages of Jean Watson's Theory in clinical practice

One of the major advantages of Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring is that it is a holistic system of care. Watson's Theory of Caring stresses the need to treat the whole person through caring and openness. It embraces scientific theory, but does not believe that science alone can accomplish all of the goals of nursing. In modern medicine, quite often patients complain that there is insufficient regard for how their illness and treatment affects their lifestyles. For example, when deciding to take a drug, a patient may want to discuss how the side effects will impact his or her life and weigh the potentially negative effects against the benefits provided by the medication, rather than simply be told…...

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References

Cara, Chantal. (2003). Continuing educ.: A pragmatic view of Jean Watson's Caring Theory.

International Journal for Human Caring. 7(3):51-61. Retrieved February 21, 2011 at http://www.watsoncaringscience.org/pdf/Pragmatic_View.pdf

Fawcett, J. (2002). The nurse theorists: 21st century updates - Jean Watson. Nursing Science

Quarterly, 15(3), 214-219. Retrieved February 21, 2011 at http://www.watsoncaringscience.org/pdf/fawcett_nsq.pdf

Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring or Caring Science involves exercising core practices/principles. "Watson's theory of human caring focuses on holistic care and the authentic relationship between caregivers and patients" (Lukose, 2011, p. 27). The evolution from Carative to Caritas involves five principles. These are practice of equanimity and loving-kindness, enabling deep faith of other like colleague, family, or patient (otherwise known as authentic presence). The other is cultivation of one's own "spiritual practice" lending towards completeness of mind/spirit/body, a beyond the ego experience. The fourth is "Being" or the caring-healing environment. Lastly, openness to miracles or inexplicable life events.
The core concepts or ideas of the theory include a relational sense of caring for the self and of others. Transpersonal caring relationship or going beyond ego is the second one. The third is caring moment/caring occasion. This means heart-focused encounters with other people. The fourth is multiple ways of knowing…...

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References

Donchin, A. (2004). Converging Concerns: Feminist Bioethics, Development Theory, and Human Rights. Signs, 29(2), 299-324. doi:10.1086/378104

Falk Rafael, A. (2000). Watson's Philosophy, Science, and Theory of Human Caring as a Conceptual Framework for Guiding Community Health Nursing Practice. Advances in Nursing Science, 23(2), 34-49. doi:10.1097/00012272-200012000-00005

Hattakhit, U., Boonyun, N., & Engebretson, J. (2014). Creating a Caring Atmosphere in an Intensive Stroke Care Unit: an Action Research Approach. The International Conference on Graduate Students Research Work, 1.

Lukose, A. (2011). Developing a Practice Model for Watson's Theory of Caring. Nursing Science Quarterly, 24(1), 27-30. doi:10.1177/0894318410389073

"Transpersonal Caring acknowledges unity of life and connections that move in concentric circles of caring-from individual, to other/s, to community, to world, to Planet Earth, to the universe." (3, Watson).
This theory serves as a comprehensive guide to nurses in patient care. Caring is institutionalized in the sense that it is seen as a whole separate science that nurses need to excel in. Watson maintains that the core of nursing is healing and therefore everything that promotes healing such as healthy patient-nurse relationship, carative factors etc. is seen as an important component of caring science. She describes basis of nursing as "those aspects of nursing that actually potentiate therapeutic healing processes and relationships; they affect the one caring and the-one-being-cared-for" (2, p. 50). TIM is an important term used by the theorist. Watson uses this term to describe the essential tasks connected with caring in the field of nursing. "Trim'…...

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References

Watson, J. (1988). Nursing: Human science and human care. New York: National League for Nursing.

Watson, J. (1997).The theory of human caring: Retrospective and prospective. Nursing Science Quarterly, 10(1), 49-52.

Jean Watson: Theory of Human Caring: Retrieved online 14th October 2004:

http://www2.uchsc.edu/son/caring/content/wct.asp

Jean atson has shed much light in terms of the relationship between the idea of "caring" and the healing process. atson developed a theory that included ten factors of caring and how they can practically be applied in a nursing setting. It is important for nursing students to understand an somehow incorporate these ideas into their own personal approach to nursing. The purpose of this essay is to examine an article that examined how atson's ten components are evaluated by students in relation to their instruction. I will relate this article to important nursing concepts, and how it is important to my own personal approach to nursing.
ade & Kasper (2006) examined the importance of caring in nursing by identifying a means to measure the efficacy in teaching this theory in the article I examined. They assumed that caring is now a widespread theory of nursing practice, but noticed that…...

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Works Cited

Wade, G. & Kasper, N. (2006). Nursing students' perceptions of instructor caring: an instrument based on Watson's theory of transpersonal caring. Journal of Nursing Education, May 2006, 45, 5, 162-168. Retrieved from enfermeria/docs-anexos-curso/complementarias-modulo1/jean%20watson.pdfhttp://www.uvisa.cl/html/cursos2006/proceso-

Watson, J. (1988a). New dimensions of human caring theory. Nursing Science Quarterly, 1(4), 175-181.

Nursing: Jean Watson's Human Caring Theory
Jean Watson's Human Caring Theory

Caring science is a branch of science that appreciates unity of life and explores individuals' duty of care to themselves, others, the environment, the world, and the universe. Jean Watson's human caring theory is one of the key building blocks of caring science -- it explores the practice of care in the nursing profession, or rather, how nurses ought to demonstrate care to their patients. Watson suggests that the practice of caring is central to the nursing profession because it enhances growth and creates an accepting environment, where everyone is accepted for who they are (Nursing Theory, 2013). She posits that effective caring requires nurses to incorporate spiritual dimensions into their practice and their interaction with patients so that they are in a better position to understand their patients' perspectives and consequently, nurture a mutual bond.

Watson divides his practice of care…...

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References

Griffin, M.T. & Landers, M.G. (2014). Extant Nursing Models and Theories: Grand and Middle Range Theories in Nursing. In J. Fitzpatrick & G. McCarthy (Eds.), Nursing Research and Practice: Making Nursing Knowledge Development Explicit (pp. 15-34). New York, NY: Springer

Nursing Theory. (2013). Jean Watson: Nursing Theorist. Nursing Theory. Retrieved 10 January 2015 from  http://nursing-theory.org/nursing-theorists/Jean-Watson.php

Application of Theory to the Practice Problem of Nurse Staffing Nursing theories are important in shaping how practitioners discharge their duties or make decisions related to the service delivery in healthcare. The following study explores and applies a middle range theory to an identified problem in nursing. Theory can be applied to solve nursing challenges especially in the management of nursing care services. The study will demonstrate the benefits of applying theory to solve a nursing dilemma. Jean Watson’s human caring theory and Patricia Benner's Skill Acquisition theory have been applied to examining and addressing the problem of nursing shortage.
A Brief Summary of the Problem
Nursing shortage is a common problem in many nations, and the United States suffers from the same problem. Sometimes, retired nurses have been approached to cover the gap in various health facilities (Grant, 2016). The shortage is characterized by a few nursing staff who are forced to…...

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References

Grant, R. (2016). The U.S. Is Running Out Of Nurses. The Atlantic. Retrieved Oct. 21, 2017, from  

Kritek, P. B. & Hickey, M. (2011). Change leadership in nursing: How change occurs in a complex hospital system. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company

Schmidt, N. A., & Brown, J. M. (2015). Evidence-based practice for nurses: appraisal and application of research. Jones & Bartlett Publ. Incorporated

Smith, M. J., & Liehr, P. R. (2014). Middle range theory for nursing. New York: Springer.

Watson, J., & Watson, J. (2012). Human caring science: A theory of nursing. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2016/02/nursing-shortage/459741/ 

Professional Practice Model: Jean atson's Caring Model
The objective of this study is to examine the philosophy of Jean atson's Caring Model and to provide the organizational definition and state the organization's mission and vision statement. Several definitions of the concept will be identified in the nursing literature. Finally, this work will state how this concept supports the professional model chosen.

The work of Jean atson and Roxie Foster (2003) reports a proposed model entitled 'The Attending Nursing Caring Model' (ANCM) held to be an "exemplar for advancing and transforming nursing practice within a reflective, theoretical, and evidence-based context." (p.360) It is reported that nurses who are unable to "practice within a caring context are reported to be hardened, oblivious, robot-like, frightened and worn down." (Swanson, 1999, cited in atson and Foster, 2003, p. 361) atson and Foster (2003) additionally note that nurses are "torn between the human caring model of…...

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Works Cited

Gessner, G. (n.d.) Nursing Model: Jean Watson's Caring Theory. Georgetown University. Retrieved from:  https://blogs.commons.georgetown.edu/gtg6/files/Nursing-Model.pdf 

Lachman, VD (n.d.) Applying the Ethics of Care to Your Nursing Practice. Ethics, Law, and Policy. Retrieved from:  http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/Resources/Applying-the-Ethics-of-Care-to-Your-Nursing-Practice.pdf 

Model of Professional Nursing Care (2013) Winter Haven Hospital. Retrieved from:  http://www.winterhavenhospital.org/facilities/nursing/model/ 

Overview of Jean Watson's Theory (n.d.) Vanguard Health Systems. Retrieved from: http://www.innovativecaremodels.com/uploads/File/caring%20model/Overview%20JW%20Theory.pdf

Nursing
Jean Watson's Human Caring Theory has become entrenched in all aspects of nursing practice, inseparable from the art and science of nursing. Watson's philosophy of caring evolved into the science of caring, as evidence-based practice can support the efficacy of carative factors. However, Watson understood also that caring was a moral imperative of nursing care that extends beyond the traditional medical model toward a new transpersonal paradigm. To promote this paradigm in a concrete manner, Watson proposed what she termed Carative Factors, or the Processes of Caritas, which inform the science of caring. These ten factors include the following. First, practicing loving-kindness means developing a "caring consciousness," (Watson Caring Science Institute, 2010, p. 2). Second, the nurse is authentically present in the moment with the patient. Third, caring requires one to cultivate a spiritual practice with the goal of transcending the ego. Fourth, it is necessary to develop authentic relationships…...

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References

Aurora University (2014). Mission, themes, and roles. Retrieved online:  http://www.aurora.edu/academics/undergraduate/nursing/mission.html#axzz3JaC0deP0 

Johnson, J. (2011). Creation of the Caring Factor Survey-Care Provider Version (CFS-CPV). In Measuring Caring. Ed. Nelson, J. & Watson, J. Springer.

Lachman, V.D. (2012). Applying the ethics of care to your nursing practice. Ethics, Law, and Policy 21(2).

Lukose, A. (2011). Developing a practice model for Watson's Theory of Caring. Nursing Science Quarterly 24(1), 27-30.

The questions ask the patient about the respect he or she received and include such statements as: "My caregivers have responded to me as a whole person, helping to take care of all my needs and concerns," which the patient must rate on a scale of strong agreement to disagreement (Nelson & atson 2006). Showing such care is of equal importance as giving expedient treatment to the sick. The patient's feelings are a vital part of the nursing process, and treating and attending to those feelings is one of the central duties of the nurse. The nurse must foster an environment that is positive on a medical, environmental, and spiritual and psychological level. The person is always whole and complete on all of these levels, regardless of illness, and the nurse must acknowledge the patient's subjectivity and his or her connection with this different but equally valuable and integrated…...

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Works Cited

Jean Watson's theory selected as framework at St. Joseph Hospital, Orange, California." (2006). Evidence-Based Nursing. Retrieved 24 Apr 2008.  http://evidencebasednursing.blogspot.com/2006/09/jean-watsons-theory-selected-as.html 

Nelson, J. & Jean Watson. (2006). "Caring Factor Scale." INOVA Healthcare. Retrieved 24 Apr 2008 http://hschealth.uchsc.edu/son/faculty/jw_caritaspractice.htm

Watson, Jean. "Evolution of the Theory." University of Colorado Denver, College of Nursing. Retrieved 24 Apr 2008 http://hschealth.uchsc.edu/son/faculty/jw_evolution.htm

Caring
Caritas and Caring Relationship

Jean Watson's theory of caring has long been an important and profound theoretical framework for the practice and study of nursing, and has helped to revitalize the discipline in the current area. This theory has also led to significant changes in the ways in which nursing is carried out by many practitioners and in many institutions, contributing to more comprehensive and holistic approaches to patient care and developing deeper emotional and spiritual ties between individuals during the provision of care. The establishment of the Watson Caring Science Institute and its activities such as the International Caritas Consortium has led to an even more widespread adoption of caring techniques and a greater appreciation for the direct and practical benefits that this approach to nursing practice can have. The website for the WCI and the ICC provides an excellent overview understanding of the concept of caring in nursing practice,…...

His assistance and support was both scientifically sound and, more importantly, spiritually supportive and extremely respectful of and responsive to my philosophical beliefs and my personal psychological orientation and inclination.
Based substantially on his valuable input, I made the decision to transfer my father to hospice. The hospice doctor also demonstrated carative nursing in his sensitive response to my sister's concerns that placing our father in hospice and directing that medical intervention efforts be withheld was tantamount to just allowing him to die prematurely. He explained to her the clinical significant objective scientific basis upon which it was clear that even the most aggressive medical intervention would be unable to prolong his life for more than a few weeks and that the relative value of those extra three weeks from his perspective were just not worth the amount of discomfort and confusion just to slightly prolong the same inevitable end…...

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References

Delaune, S. And Ladner, P. (2002), Fundamental of Nursing, Standard and Practice. New York: Thomson.

Fawcett, J. (2005). Analysis and Evaluation of Conceptual Models of Nursing, St. Louis,

MO: Mosby.

Finfgeld-Connett, D. "Meta-synthesis of caring in nursing." Journal of Clinical Nursing,

Watson Human Care Theory
The Significance of Watson Human Care Theory in handling dying patients

It is imperative to integrate a psychosocial treatment strategy in handling dying patients. This is based on the knowledge that dying patients could have lost hope leading to depreciation of an illness. In any case, most of the acute illnesses could have been contained at the primary stage of development. Healing or ailing is primarily managed by the mind and not the techniques applied in the medical arena. This study is critical in proving the essentiality Jean Watson's theory of human caring. I will heavily relate to the study to respond to necessities of a dying patient. In particular, the discussion will analyze how the theory is significant in exploring the comfort levels required in the general treating and healing process.

An example

I replicate my approach from an article I adopted from the Danish Council of Ethics. The…...

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References

Brunjes, C. (2012). Using the Power of Hope to Cope with Dying: The Four Stages of Hope (Google eBook). New York: Linden Publishing

Byrne, A., & Byrne, D. (1992). Psychology for Nurses: Theory and Practice. New York:

Macmillan Education

Chesnay, M., & Anderson, B. (2008). Caring for the Vulnerable: Perspectives in Nursing

Watson Job Aid
Watson job-aid: Jean Watson's caring science

Transpersonal Caring Nursing

Principles for nurses, even principles on a subject as important as caring, can seem overly vague and theoretical unless they are put into practical terms. Nursing theorist Jean Watson has attempted to define her idealistic concept of Transpersonal Caring Nursing in a behavioral as well as a theoretical sense. Watson's list of 'behaviors' make her theory relatable to nurses in the field, as well as those who teach nursing theory. Transpersonal nursing views nursing as "concentric circles of caring-from individual, to others, to community, to world, to Planet Earth, to the universe. Caring science investigations embrace inquiry that are reflective, subjective and interpretative as well as objective-empirical" (Vance 2010: 1). Caring science is empirical in the sense that it is based upon nursing science. However, it is also willing to incorporate the philosophical, artistic, spiritual, and kinesthetic into its overview. Science…...

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References

Theory. (2011). Watson Caring Science Institute. Retrieved August 23, 2011 at  http://www.watsoncaringscience.org/index.cfm/category/80/theory.cfm 

Vance, Teresa. (2011). Caring and the professional practice of nursing. RN Journal. Retrieved August 23, 2011 at http://www.rnjournal.com/journal_of_nursing/caring.htm

Nursing and Care Theories
Two of the major theories of nursing have been published by Jean Watson and by John Paley, who each have taken markedly distinct approaches to conceptualizing nursing care in a theoretical construct. Paley looks at some of the darker elements of nursing, using frames of "slave morality" and applying Nietzschean ideologies to the manifestation of contemporary nursing theory. Jean Watson has approached the theoretical foundation of nursing from a very different perspective over a long career focusing on the compassionate element of nursing care as it applies to human and humane experiences in care and loss.

Jean Watson, who hails from West Virginia, was educated at the University of Colorado and was appointed Distinguished Professor of Nursing and endowed Chair in Caring Science at the same university. Dr. Watson's degrees are in nursing and psychiatric-mental health nursing and PhD in educational psychology and counseling. Dr. Watson has received…...

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References

Paley, J. (2002), Caring as a slave morality: Nietzschean themes in nursing ethics. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 40: 25 -- 35.

Meleis, Ibrahim Afaf (1997). "Theoretical Nursing: Development & Progress" 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott.

Taylor Carol, Lillis Carol (2001) The Art & Science Of Nursing Care. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott.

Potter A Patricia, Perry G. Anne (1992) Fundamentals Of Nursing -- Concepts Process & Practice. 3rd ed. London: Mosby Year Book.