Japan Tsunami Disaster March 2011 -- Present
The objective of this study is to analyze the incident of the earthquake tsunami of March 2011, in Japan and to propose three important lessons that might be learned from this incident by those wishing to improve the quality of emergency response and recovery of those affected by such an event. This work will discuss the issues related to mental health and societal consequences and what the impact was to the citizenry and finally, why it is important to understand these issues. This work will identify possible lead agencies for such a catastrophe in the United States and discuss possible roles of Non-Governmental Agencies (NGOs).
Japan is still feeling the impacts from the earthquake tsunami of March 11, 2011, and the radiation leak at the nuclear plant resulting from this incident. It is reported by the New York times that the recovery effort in Japan…...
mlaBibliography
Nuclear Energy (2012) Nuclear Environment. New York Times 12 Oct 2012. Retrieved from: http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/energy-environment/atomic-energy/index.html?scp=1-spot&sq=nuclear%20energy&st=cse
Japan (2012) World News. New York Times 2 Nov 2012. Retrieved from: http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/japan/index.html
The Thai foreign minister Nitya Pibulsonggram was reported saying that Thailand is not willing to renegotiate with the Japanese authorities on controversial economic agreement. The Thai government expressed its concern over the pertinent issues of toxic waste and microorganism patents in EPA. The foreign minister stated clearly that Thailand is not willing to reopen the negotiation with reference to the shortcomings in EPA. 'I believe it is in our mutual interest that the JTEPA will not encounter protest or public disagreement before or after the signing' (Nitya, 2007). The health care organizations have already expressed their concerns and protest against the implementation of EPA, the civic society has expressed its fear that the EPA will permit the Japanese authorities to dump their toxic waste and patent microorganisms in the country. According to the EPA, Article 28 stated, 'items which can no longer perform their original purpose and are only…...
mlaReferences
Japan Thailand Economic Partnership Agreement. Task Force Report. December 2003
Japan's Economic Cooperation Program for Thailand. May 2006
Suthiphand Chirathivat. Japan Thailand EPA: Problems and Future. Chulalongkorn University. Oct, 2006
No Renegotiation on Thai-Japan Trade Deal. The NATION. Feb 26, 2007
One of those changes included mandatory education. During the 1950's children were legally bound to attend school between the ages of six and 15 years old. By the time the 1950's came to an end not only were families complying with that law but were also voluntarily sending most of their children on to college.
It was an era that valued education and realized the way to become a power hitter in the world global business markets.
A typical day in the life of a man or woman in Japan during the 1950's would include getting up each morning and eating breakfast, while preparing to go to work. The children would get ready to go to school and everyone would leave the house. Women at that time, just like in other parts of the world were not treated with the same respect and honor that men were treated so they were often…...
mlaReferences
American Occupation and the Military Bases (accessed 4-19-07)
http://www.uchinanchu.org/uchinanchu/history_american.htm
Detachment 45 http://po8.com/det45/index.htm
848th AC&W Squadron 5 llth Air Group (accessed 4-20-07)
Japan's Current And Politic
Japan's effort to become a permanent member of U.N. Security Council
The Security Council is the most powerful and crucial agency of United Nations. It is liable for maintenance of peace and security among the member countries. While the other organs of the United Nations has only advisory power of recommending to the member nations the Security Council has the authority to impose upon the member government to abide by its decisions in consonance with the United Nations Charter. The decision undertaken by the Council is known as UN Security Council esolutions. There have been many deliberations for enhancing the number of permanent members. Among the nations those have strengthened claim for the permanent seats are Japan and German those respectively appear to be second and third largest funding nations. Germany also constitutes the second largest contributor of troops to UN mandated missions only next to the United…...
mlaReferences
Herman, Steve. Japanese Hopes for Security Council Seat Fade. 18 April 2005.
Retrieved from Accessed on 24 April, 2005http://www.voanews.com/english/2005-04-18-voa6.cfm
Public Indifference Hampers Japan's UNSC Bid. Japan Times. April 25, 2001. Retrieved from Accessed on 24 April, 2005http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/reform/cluster1/2001/0425jap.htm
Reddy, Balaji. Chinese protests against Japan becoming permanent member of UN Security Council. 9 April, 2005. Retrieved from Accessed on 24 April, 2005http://www.indiadaily.com/editorial/2252.asp
The Japanese economy stagnated since 1990:
when real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew at an average of just 1.2%.
Since 1995, growth was extremely slow averaging less than 0.7% on year-to-year basis." ("Banking Crisis... "5) During the last quarter of 2003, however, the GDP increased 7% (Annexure 2), the most since 1990, demonstrating growth rate of 2.7%, for the entire year. Some economists argued, however, this 2003 growth did not reflect a complete economic recovery but signifies a short-term phenomenon, not a long-term reality.
Nakamae contends that the BOJ's reaction to the Japanese weakening economy only weakened the economy further and that doing nothing would have been better than the steps Japan took and further argues that.".. central banks react to economic bubbles by creating further bubbles....
Amid the economic and political fallout that descends when a bubble bursts,... In an effort to boost demand and thereby reduce the fallout from the bubble's bursting...…...
mlaWorks Cited www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=23086894
Arayama, Yuko, and Panos Mourdoukoutas. The Rise and Fall of Abacus Banking in Japan and China. Westport, CT: Quorum Books, 2000.
Banking Crisis in Japan." ICFAI Business School. Case Development Centre.
A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001073958
Corbett, Jenny, Janet Mitchell, and Andrew Winton. "Banking Crises and Bank Rescues: The Effect of Reputation." Journal of Money, Credit & Banking 32.3 (2000): 474.
Japan's conomic Crisis
Japan is currently in its worst recession since World War II. The country's economy slowed dramatically in the early 1990s after the bubble economy of the 1970s and 1980s. Section 2.0 takes a detailed look at what caused Japan's economic crisis and subsequent problems related to declining Gross Domestic Product (GDP), failed stimulus packages, banking inefficiencies, ineffective interest rate policies, deflation, currency devaluation and Japan's aging population. Given a consideration of all these factors, Section 3.0 makes recommendations most likely to have a positive impact in rejuvenating Japan's struggling economy. The paper concludes that Japan's best course of action includes raising its nominal GDP by increasing its monetary base, engaging in massive bank restructuring, using inflation targeting techniques and putting distressed real estate and other foreclosed collateral on the market.
Literature Review
Japan has been in recession for more than ten years. The economy that dazzled the world with growth…...
mlaEconomists Worry About Deflation." The Charleston Gazette 16 May 2003. Truthout. 30 Nov. 2003. http://www.truthout.org/docs_03/051703I.shtml .
Onodera, Fumihiko, Sagawa, Junk, Ikemachi, Madoka, and Degirmencioglu, Yavuz. "The Biggest Gamble of the Bank of Japan." 16 Apr. 2003. University of Michigan. 30 Nov. 2003. http://216.239.37.104/search?q=cache:_Pb-_F8iDEoJ:www-personal.umich.edu/~kathrynd/Japanproject.w03.pdf+Japan+and+%22interest+rate%22+and+zero+and+%22not+working%22&hl=en&ie=UTF-8.
Posen, Adam. "Resolving the Japanese Financial Crisis." 25 Oct. 2003. Institute for International Economics. 30 Nov. 2003. http://www.iie.com/publications/newsreleases/sr13pr.htm .
Japan's Economic Crisis
Following the United States terrorist attacks on September 11 and the outbreak of mad cow disease, economic analysts are predicting the onset of a deepening recession in Japan. Some are even referring to the possibility of a depression in the world's second largest economy, due to the global economic downturn.
Recently released surveys of future trends together with economic data recording economic performance over recent months point at least to the onset of Japan's fourth official recession - defined as two consecutive quarters of negative growth- in the space of a decade. Japan was last in recession in the first half of 1998 following the collapse of major financial institutions. The current downturn will be deeper, with private investment drying up amid slack global demand and bad loans weighing down the domestic economy, say analysts.
The news means the world's three biggest economies - the United States, Japan and Germany…...
mlaBibliography
Beams, Nick. "Recession Hits Japan: What's Behind Global 'Economic Schizophrenia?" World Socialist. 16 June 1998.
Conachy, James. "Mass Layoffs Underway In Japan." World Socialist. 27 August 2001.
Dvorak, Phred, Robert A Guth, Jason Singer and Todd Zaun. "CPJ Japanese Private Equity Investments Recession Frays Japan Inc.'s Tradition Of Loyal, Long-Term Corporate Alliances." The Wall Street Journal. 2 March 2001.
Haynes, Deborah. "Recession In Japan Set To Deepen." Agence France-Presse. 7 December 2001.
Japanese inflow has not been as productive, due to ongoing bans by the country that were only relaxed in the last decade. Because of this, in 2003, Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi announced that the government aims to double foreign direct investment in Japan in five years to stimulate its stagnant economy and create employment. The government's Japan Investment Council (JIC), which is chaired by Koizumi, announced the program would focus mainly on the barriers faced by foreign companies in entering the Japanese market. The 2003 report by Fukoa found the following:
Foreign companies have 10% higher productivity
Productivity at acquired Japanese companies shows improvement after merger/acquisition
Foreign firms usually have higher profitability than their Japanese counterparts, and greater (more active) capital investment
Therefore, FDI does not cause the loss of "management resources" from Japan, but rather their accumulation
If the share (as percent of GDP) of foreign affiliated firms' total production in Japan were to…...
mlaReferences
Bankok Post. "Japanese inflows poised to increase." March 9, 2005, pg. 1. 21, May 2005. http://www.bangkokpost.net/090305_Business/09Mar2005_biz51.php
Big Picture." The Flow of Money: Foreign Direct Investment. 21 May, 2005. http://www.bigpicturesmallworld.com/Global%20Inc%202/pgs/fndts/fdi.html.
Blomstrm, Magnus, Byron Gagnes, Sumner La Croix, and Robert Lipsey (Eds.) Japan's New Economy: Continuity and Change in the 21st Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
FDI Magazine. "Regulation and Trade: Japan." June 20, 2003.
Japan has been, for the past ten or twelve years, a miracle of contradictory economic factors. Japan experienced little inflation, little economic growth, a deterioration in trade, more government spending than previously, and unreliable savings and investment both by business and individuals. Added to that was the specter of an aging population requiring more services, and an international trade picture that included oil price fluctuations, as well as more unemployment than had ever happened in Japan before. Despite all that, Japan was not apparently as economically whipsawed as one might first suspect.
The reasons for that may appear from just a brief glimpse at the conduct of the Japanese economy through the end of the 1990s and into the 2000s.
Inflation: In 1998, Japan was trying to avert a deflationary spiral and some economists wanted to create a mini-bubble of inflation to jumpstart a sluggish economy. That would have been done by…...
mlaReferences
Browne, Lynn Elaine. (2001) Does Japan offer any lessons for the United States? New England Economic Review.
Japanese exports, such as automobiles, have fallen by 5.1% in the year to January, 2001." (2001) CNN Web site, February 20. Retrieved May 8, 2004 http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/east/02/20/japan.deficit/
Kobayashi, Yoko. (1998) Economists denounce mini-bubble concept. Business Asia, 6(12), June 29.
Kuttner, Kenneth N. And Adam S. Posen. (2001) The Great Recession: Lessons for macroeconomic policy from Japan. The Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.
Japan complex set of factors affect the culture of any country. One of the most important aspects that determine the way of life of a people is the geography of the area in which they reside. In case of Japan, a single geographic feature of the country alone -- it being an island -- determines much of the country's insular character giving rise to a unique language, culture and religion. In this paper, besides analyzing Japan's language, religion and politics, I shall identify some important socio-geographical features of the country such as the importance of religion and language in defining the Japanese culture; the connection between political systems and languages and religions, and how the religions and cultures of Japan relate to and differ from those in the United States.
Geographic Peculiarities
Japan is about the size of California, consisting of 4 major islands and hundreds of smaller ones that were formed…...
mlaReferences
Brodie, Henry, Doherty, Edward W., et al. (1957) - Principles of Political Geography. Appleton-Century-Crofts: New York.
Cybriwsky, Roman A., et al. (2003). "Japan" Article in Encyclopedia Encarta 2003, CD-ROM Version
Varley, Paul. (2003). "The Way of Tea." Article Reproduced in Encyclopedia Encarta 2003, CD-ROM Version
Honsh? (the largest), Hokkaid?, Ky-sh?, and Shikoku are the four main islands and make up 95% of Japan's territory. More than 3,000 smaller islands constitute the remaining 5%
Japan
I do not think that Japan avoided the monstrous hybrid trap. The monstrous hybrid can manifest itself as a government entity using guardian methods to impact on commerce. During the economic rise of Japan, this was very much the case, as the government maintained strict control over the trading function through the keiretsu, commercial groups with close ties to each other and to government officials. This system was deliberate on the part of the Japanese government, and the corporations in question received substantial support over the years. This is the form in which Japan developed its monstrous hybrid. The period of economic stagnation that Japan endured from 1990-2005 is symptomatic of a banal outcome of a monstrous hybrid -- an economy dependent on tight relationships and fierce loyalty struggled over a long period of time specifically because of the way those bonds inhibited innovation and the trading function.
nce Japan entered…...
mlaOnce Japan entered into its recession, characterized by a liquidity trap, the government had no choice but to increase its involvement in the economy, through both intensive fiscal and monetary policy. The Japanese government was also compelled to begin to break up the keiretsu system in order to stimulate more innovation in the economy. The monstrous hybrid needed to be broken down somewhat, and the process was difficult. In particular, the Japanese people had become accustomed to this system and it took a long time for the society to think in terms outside of the monstrous hybrid system. Japan's monstrous hybrid may have been relatively banal in terms of its outcomes -- economic stagnation was not met with police state, removal of freedoms or other such negative consequences -- but nor can it be argued that Japan avoided the monstrous hybrid. It simply avoided the worst outcomes associated with monstrous hybrids.
Japan's situation, especially during its long recession, bears some hallmarks of the zombie capitalism concept. Japan's economic growth was built on export booms, its firms actively and aggressively supported by a paternalistic government. Ultimately, Japan's rapid growth had a ceiling. With a static population, the domestic market was not a source of growth. With costs being high, competing globally as a low cost producer was not an option. The only thing left was innovation to maintain its strong export share, and the monstrous hybrid had effectively stifled that. Japan was naturally going to struggle. In some ways, Japan has become the front line for zombie capitalism, in part because of its demographic situation. Even in Western Europe, access to Eastern European markets has allowed those nations to largely avoid Japan's economic fate by virtue of opening up new markets.
While one of the reasons it took Japan so long to break out of its recession was that it needed to dismantle the guardian components of its economy, another reason is that it hit upon the upper growth bound predicted in zombie capitalism. Capitalism works through economic expansion -- when opportunities for such expansion become limited, the capitalist economic system struggles. Japan's struggles were by no means devastating, in part because the guardian elements of its economy were relatively benevolent, but there are lessons to be learned for other nations facing constraints on their growth. Japan's paralysis was inevitable, based on the design of the Japanese economy at the time. Since 2005, Japan has broken out of the paralysis of zombie capitalism at least temporarily, in part by spurring new innovation in the economy (increasing the emphasis on commercial orientation) and in part by taking advantage of new markets. Over time, however, the risk remains that Japan will fall back into paralysis as the vibrancy of those new markets -- especially China -- will run into the same geographical and demographic constraints that paralyzed Japan the first time.
Japan and the United States of America are two countries which have chosen to be allies in spite of tremendous differences and a fairly recent history of war between the two countries.
One of the most obvious differences lies in their cultures. In Japan, when people interact careful attention is given to differences in both social status and power, even in informal settings (Kitao, 2003). In the United States we have valued the right of anyone to overcome adverse circumstances at birth and rise as far as he or she can go, and we work hard to ignore differences in social standing in everyday dealings with others. Other cultural differences occur because Japan, as a country, is much older than the U.S. And markedly less ethnically diverse, allowing them to focus on what it means to be Japanese. In the U.S. we constantly redefine ourselves based on the many diverse aspects…...
mlaBibliography
CIA. 2004. "Japan," in The World Fact Book. Accessed via the Internet 6/16/04. http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ja.html
CIA. 2004. "United States," in The World Fact Book. Accessed via the Internet 6/16/04. http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/us.html
Kitao, Kenji. 2003. "A Study of Japanese and American Perceptions of Politeness in Requests," in ELT and Communication. Accessed via the Internet 6/16/04. http://ilc2.doshisha.ac.jp/users/kkitao/library/article/polite2.htm
Japan has done without its own official army since the end of World War II. Today's world and Japan's place in it though, have dramatically changed since World War II So, too, it should follow logically, should Japan's current non-military status. It is high time Japan had its own official Army, not just a Japanese branch of the United States Army. Japan is a much different nation than it was immediately following World War II, as is the United States. Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan states: "The Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as a means of settling international disputes." For decades now, those words have been globally interpreted as permitting a standing army the Self-Defense Forces (SDF), to exist in Japan, yet prohibiting the SDF from either being deployed outside Japan or possessing nuclear…...
Employment for life and other inefficiencies valued by the Japanese public were becoming threatened. This had the effect of shocking consumer confidence, but the corporate world became stuck, knowing that the systems would need to be changed but seemingly unwilling to make those changes. The banking system would need to be purged of its bad debts. That the economic crisis in Japan lasted so long was a result of resistance to making the necessary structural changes in order to modernize the economy. These structures, designed to bring Japan strong economic growth, had lost much of their value in the wake of the economic crisis.
These structural issues contained the Japanese economic crisis mainly to the Japanese market, but there were some impacts on the global economy. In the aftermath of the Asian economic crisis in 1997, Asian economies were in need of leadership. Japan was the region's largest economy but…...
mlaWorks Cited
Burkett, Paul & Hart-Landsberg, Martin. (2003). "The Economic Crisis in Japan" Critical Asian Studies. Retrieved November 27, 2008 at http://www.lclark.edu/~marty/japancas.pdf
Kuhn, Anthony (2008) "Audio: What can U.S. Learn from Japan's Economic Crisis?" NPR. Retrieved November 27, 2008 at http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=94876656
Noland, Marcus; Robinson, Sherman; Wang, Zhi (1998) "The Global Economic Effects of the Japanese Crisis" Peterson Institute for International Economics. Retrieved November 27, 2008 at http://www.iie.com/publications/wp/wp.cfm?ResearchID=147
Krugman, Paul. (1998). "Japan's Trap" MIT. Retrieved November 27, 2008 at http://web.mit.edu/krugman/www/japtrap.html
The predominant line of thought amongst the Americans was that it would be best to condemn Tojo and preserve the figurehead of the Emperor to hold the nation together, for fear that doing away with the imperial system would be too great a shock to the Japanese. Yet the relationship of the Emperor Hirohito to the militaristic leaders of Japan was far more complex than might be initially suspected. Dower suggests that the Emperor was far more complicit in wartime actions than has been portrayed in the past, and that Japan's democratic tradition before the dominance of the military took hold of the government was and has been overlooked. The Japanese intellectuals who were embittered by the eventual system enforced by the Americans raged that rather than a true democracy, what came into being was "a charade" and instead of revolutionizing the Japanese consciousness the Americans merely set about…...
One of the more shameful moments in American history was the establishment of internment camps for Japanese-Americans during World War II. Ostensibly started because the United States was at war with Japan, it is interesting to note that there were no similar internment camps for people of Italian or German descent, despite the fact that Italy and Germany were also part of the Axis powers that fought against the Allies in World War II.
Prior to World War II, Japanese began immigrating to America for work opportunities. They initially immigrated to Hawaii, which was annexed by the United....
While the concept of a bathing culture may be most strongly associated with the Romans at the time of the Roman Empire, many cultures have placed social, economic, and personal emphasis on bathing in a way that makes the practice as much about culture as it is about hygiene. Historically, cultures had very different approaches to bathing, with some ancient cultures considering baths dangerous, while others considered them almost sacred. Even in modern times, cultures take different approaches to the concept of bathing.
You can see the influence of nature on Japanese bathing tradition, which sets it apart....
Looking at how cars were invented and reality quickly became the go-to transportation method for much of the world is fascinating. While the automobile was invented in Germany and France, Henry Ford, who mastered automation and the mass production of cars, probably deserves much of the credit for the automobile’s early successes. In fact, Ford’s focuses on wages and affordability probably deserve credit for the rise of the American middle class, suggesting that the history of the automobile and the history of the middle class are inextricably intertwined.
I. Introduction
A. Precursors....
Certainly! Here are the answers to your art analysis worksheet, part one, with proper spacing and format:
1. Title of the artwork: The Starry Night
Artist: Vincent van Gogh
Year of creation: 1889
Medium: Oil on canvas
2. Formal analysis:
- Line: Van Gogh uses bold, curvy lines to depict the swirling sky and cypress trees. Short, thin brushstrokes are used for details.
- Shape: The artwork features various organic shapes like the crescent moon, stars, and swirling clouds.
- Color: A vibrant and contrasting color palette is used, with deep blues dominating the sky, complemented by the yellow stars and tree....
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