Israel's Military Culture And How It Affects The Economy
According to one definition of military culture, it is a distinct closed system of behavior according to which the members of the military are supposed to act. It consists of written as well as unwritten rules and regulations along with discrete beliefs and symbols (Cosmo, 2009).

When we talk about military culture in Israel, we refer to the whole military situation in Israel and how it affects the society and the economy. The determinant of the military culture of Israel is the Israel Defense Forces. IDF are the military forces of the State of Israel and they are formed by the ground forces, navy and the air forces. eing the only military wing of the state, it does not have any civil jurisdiction within the country.

IDF is not similar to most of armed forces of other countries. There are many differences that include…...

mla

Bibliography

"Israel: Generals say defense cuts perilous." UPI, 10 October 2011.

Cosmo, Nicola di. Military Culture in Imperial China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 2009.

Harmon, Adam. Embracing Change: The Israeli Military Culture and Training Methodology. 2006. <   .http://lonelysoldiermemoir.blogspot.com/2006/08/embracing-change-israeli-military.html >

Seitz, Charmaine. "Israel's Defense Budget: The Business Side of War." The Jerusalem Fund. 2008.

Israel
Explanation of the Issue: Introduction

The most recent escalation of conflict in Israel and Gaza show that the current situation is untenable. This paper examines the history of the creation of the state of Israel and the aftermath of the Balfour Declaration and its subsequent United Nations resolutions in 1947. After providing background information on the situation in Israel, the author will examine the security risks that both the Israelis and the Palestinians have taken to achieve their respective goals.

It is hypothesized that the policies of the Israeli government have allowed Israel to cement itself literally and figuratively onto Palestinian land. The Israeli approach toward national security has had tremendous economic, social, and political impact on Palestine as well as Israel. As Yiftachel (1999) points out, the situation can be described as an "ethnocracy," as Israel has systematically imeded the organic evolution of Palestinian citizenship in the state of Israel. Although…...

mla

References

Arian, A. (2003). Israeli public opinion on national security, 2003. Jaffee Center. Retrieved online:  http://fc.retecivica.milano.it/rcmweb/iidp/Israele/Haganah%20e%20Tsahal/Analisi/S0479F610.0/JCSSmemo67.pdf 

Bakan, et al., (2001). Israel/Palestine, South Africa and the "One-State Solution": The Case for an Apartheid Analysis. Politikon: South African Journal of Political Studies.

Coskun, B.C. (2007). Hegemonic securitizations of terrorism and the legitimacy of Palestinian government. Political Perspectives 1(1).

Coskun, B.B. (n.d.). Power of the words: Securitization of the "Other." In the Israeli Palestinian Conflict. Retrieved online: http://www.qub.ac.uk/sites/QUEST/FileStore/Issue4PerspectiviesonPowerPapers/Filetoupload,71742,en.pdf

Funding its own defense projects on the strength of international arms sales has become an increasingly important strategic way of ensuring it the economic capacity to support military needs which are considerable for a nation of its decidedly modest geographical size.
But this also points to another important part of Israel's geopolitical outlook. As a nation often viewed with hostility and contempt by its neighbors and the orbit of natural gas buyers that have allied themselves with these neighbors for economic reasons, Israel's newfound status as an important international arms supplier is softening its relationship with many powerful nations. Altering the course of interests and sympathies of such nations may go a long way to help support Israeli diplomatic goals as well as to solidify its status and alliances in the world community. This is amply demonstrated by its importance to the Russian market in terms of weapons supply. Historically,…...

mla

Works Cited:

Abbasov, S. (2009). Azerbaijan Mum About Israeli Spy Plane, Satellite Projects. Eurasianet.org.

Associated Press (AP). (2003). U.S. Military Employs Israeli Technology in Iraq War. USA Today.

Damast, L. (2008). Israel's Fastest Growing Software Companies in 2008. Israel Innovation 2.0. Online at http://www.israelinnovation20.com/category/defense-technology/

DTN News. (2009). Riyadh 'Offers Airspace' for Israel Attack on Iran. Blog Catalog.

hat are the recognized threats

Recognized threats on a national and international level include, expansion of international terrorism, as a result of universal fundamentalist Arab calls for violence against those who oppress Arabs. Israel is at the center of this conflict as the most regionally active, non-Arab state and as a result of historical actions taken by it to maintain itself and its territories, both recognized and occupied.

Short contemporary history of the threats

Description of known terrorist activity (both groups and incidents)

As has been said before terrorist activity has ebbed and flowed over the years, the most frequent current increase in threats has come from non-PLO affiliated sources, sometimes national sometimes international. The Hamas are currently particularly active in bombings, as can be seen from the statistics below while other groups such as the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Popular Resistance Committees, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades and others frequently take responsibility for planned attacks, mostly…...

mla

Works Cited

Bar-Joseph, Uri. Intelligence Intervention in the Politics of Democratic States: The United States, Israel, and Britain. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995.

Ben-Rafael, Eliezer. Israel-Palestine: A Guerrilla Conflict in International Politics / . New York: Greenwood Press, 1987.

Bensahel, Nora, and Daniel L. Byman, eds. The Future Security Environment in the Middle East: Conflict, Stability, and Political Change. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 2003.

Buzan, Barry, and Ole Waever. Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

ISRAEL'S SUCCESSES:

Israel has accomplished much in its 48 years to be proud of. It has created a country from scratch, finding ways to farm efficiently in a climate not completely hospitable to farming. It has established a strong educational system. It has fought six wars and managed to defend its country successfully even when it was surrounded by hostile neighbors. It has brought the region to the point where the other countries accept, if grudgingly, that Israel is a bona fide country that is there to stay. Most importantly, Israel has created a homeland where any Jew who wants to can emigrate. The Jews of Israel know that they can practice their faith without interference and live safe from governmental persecution. While Israel has not yet worked out a solution to the problem of dislocated Palestinians, through its military victories Israel has demonstrated that warfare cannot solve this problem and…...

mla

Bibliography

Cesarani, David. "Coming to terms with the past: Israel; David Cesarani examines the effects of a long history on a new nation state." History Today, Feb. 2004.

Kjeilen, Tore, with Sidahmed Abubakr and D. Josiya Negahban. "Israel," in Encyclopdeia of the Orient. No date given. Accessed via the Internet on 3/8/05. http://i-cias.com/e.o/israel_5.htm

Jews desperately sought entrance into the City of Spring, but the British stood firm on their proclamation, fearing Arab backlash. "The Nazis kill us," the Jews cried, "and the British won't let us live."
In 1945, the world discovered that its greatest fear had come true: the Nazi death camps all over Europe, ripe with the massacre of the Jewish people, cemented the Zionist call in those who lived. "Israelis developed a mind-set to never again trust their fate to others - no one gave a damn during the Holocaust - and to this day the Israelis don't like outsiders proposing 'peace plans' that threaten their security." While the Jews would never be able to forget the fear caused by intrusting their fate to others, the modern world would never forget the guilt of what amounted to letting the Jews be brutally murdered and giving them no place to go;…...

mla

Lenczowiski, 68.

Ruskin, 152.

Roadmap for Peace in the Middle East." U.S. Department of State. Bureau of Public Affairs. U.S. Government Printing Office, 2003.

Israel: A modern Hobbesian state?
According to the British philosopher Thomas Hobbes, in a state of nature, human life is 'nasty, brutish and short.' Hobbes takes a dark view of humanity, and while he concedes that very often the governments of nations are less-than-ideal, this is preferable to a state of anarchy. "In Hobbes' state of nature, men find themselves in a state of anarchy, understood as the absence of authority and order. The violent nature of this state of anarchy, the war of all against all, is the determinant aspect of Hobbes' political philosophy which it is a theory of survival. The aim of the social contract, of accepting hierarchy and the power of the sovereign, is to escape the inescapable and universal danger presented by anarchy" (Long 2008:91). Hobbes takes a 'dog-eat-dog' view of the world, and stresses the need for a strong sovereign power to govern. This emphasis…...

mla

References

Frederking, Brian. (2000). From Enemy to rival: Constructing the Camp David Accords.

Presented at the International Studies Association-Midwest. Retrieved:

http://faculty.mckendree.edu/brian_frederking/papers/david.htm

Duncan, Stewart. (2009) Thomas Hobbes. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

Israel Military Policy Post-
Israeli Military Policy Post-1973

It was in 1973 that the nation of Israel's existence was no longer threatened by its Arab neighbors, but in establishing its statehood the infant nation still faced many difficulties. Although no longer directly threatened by the armies of the mighty Arab nations, Israel faced a "proxy war" with terrorist groups armed and supported by those very same Arab enemies who had officially accepted the existence of the state of Israel. In exchange for open combat, its Arab enemies chose to support the Palestinians in their struggle against Israeli occupation of Palestinian territory. In response the Israelis adopted a policy of confrontation with the Palestinians, especially the PLO located in Lebanon. This conflict with the Palestinians in Lebanon would lead to a major split it in Israeli public opinion and a dramatic change in the public's view of the Israeli military.

The end of the…...

mla

Reference List

Bregman, Ahron. 2000. Israel's Wars, 1948-93. New York: Routledge.

Carver, Michael. 1990. War Since 1945. Dublin: Ashfield Press.

Schiff, Ze'ev and Ehud Ya'Ari. 1984. Israel's Lebanon War. New York: Simon

and Schuster.

Many critics are of the option that the present mistrust of Palestinian intentions from the Israeli point-of-view would also not be automatically remedied by a two - state implementation.
However, as commentators like Ziad Asali of Cornell University suggests, the two - state solution has to be implemented in conjunction with certain other factors and changes, in order to remotely have a chance of changing the course of this seemingly endless conflict. Some of his suggestions include the following:

shared, open Jerusalem, with the Arab part serving as a capital for Palestine and the Jewish part serving as the capital of Israel.

End of occupation and settlements.

A fair and equitable solution of the refugee problem, based on international legality, with resettlements, compensation and redress of moral and psychological grievances.

Asali Z.)

In the final analysis however, the two - state solution will not necessarily function automatically to reduce the tension and conflict in the…...

mla

Works Cited

Asali Z. Palestine and Israel: Unkind History, Uncertain Future. 2003. August 20, http://www.americantaskforce.org/Unkind_History.htm

Reich D.

Parallel Sovereignty for Palestine/Israel: Beyond the Onion of Blame.

August 30, 2006. http://www.flashpoints.net/sambahour1029.html

Israel
Mini Country Report on Israel

his is a mini country report on Israel that gives an overview of the economy of the country. It includes data on economic indicators such as GDP, Imports and exports, exchange rate, balance of payments, government budget, and trends in the stock market. It also describes the business outlook and an assessment of potential for doing business in the country.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Israel per capita GDP ($18,000) is the highest among all the countries in the Middle East and it is about 88% of the Average GDP of the OECD countries. Its total GDP for 2002 is U.S. $115,040 million. he GDP showed a rapid rise in the 1990s but has dropped slightly after 2000 ("Real GDP"- Country Watch; Klein)

otal Exports and Imports

he total exports and imports for 2002 were U.S. $37,887 million and U.S. $47,486 respectively (Estimated), showing a trade balance of U.S. $ -9,599…...

mla

Trade Balance (Goods & Services)." Macroeconomic Activity Tables. Country Watch. 2003. Countrywatch.com. May 5, 2003.  http://www.countrywatch.com/cw_topic.asp?TOPIC=TRADEBAL&TYPE=MTABL&VCOUNTRY=83 

On May 5, 2003 [available online]

Israel

Israel Illegal
Israel and esolution 242

You say it's "funny" that people you disagree with are, according to your own view, hypocritical and wrong. I don't find it especially amusing, nor do I think the rather disingenuous way you go about making claims of fact that can easily be disproven -- as though you are used to debating people who don't actually read documents, and thus like to make generalizations about an entire viewpoint/those who hold it based on the pool of ignorance you self-select -- is itself "funny." I think it is sad, in fact, that instead of being able to approach this rationally and acknowledge that there are decades of disagreement precisely because the language of esolution 242 is not entirely clear, you try to insist that your interpretation is the "obvious" correct one. Leaving aside for a moment the concrete details of this resolution and the records of its…...

mla

References

UN Security Council. (1967). Resolution 242. Accessed 7 May 2012. http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/240/94/IMG/NR024094.pdf-OpenElement

UN Security Council. (1967). Resolution 242. Accessed 7 May 2012. 1382nd Meeting: Official Records. Accessed 9 May 2012.  http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/9F5F09A80BB6878B0525672300565063

With an Israeli army behind it, Jewish nationalism manifested itself into settler-colonial nationalism (am, 1998). It was the power of the Israeli military that prompted Israeli Prime Minister Gold Meir to declare to historian and journalist Oriana Fallaci that Israel would never relinquish the West Bank or Gaza settlements to Arab control (1977).
The Jewish settlements represent in principle that which Zachary Lockman (1976) says is the socialism by virtue of the establishment of the Zionist settlements revolution, and then colonization with class struggle. Lockman contends that because the settlements were born out of revolution, communal in nature and therefore not in competition with regional Arab society, that an anti-Arab sentiment was facilitated. The basis upon which the settlements were established called for "but rarely practiced joint organization of Jewish and Arab labor (Lockman)."

In 2005, the Israeli Parliament voted to begin dismantling certain settlements in the West Bank, and to…...

mla

References

http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5009563780

Anderson, G.A. (2005, April). How to Think about Zionism. First Things: A Monthly Journal of Religion and Public Life 30+. Retrieved April 16, 2008, from Questia database:   http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=100364278http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5009563780 

Avineri, S. (1981). The Making of Modern Zionism: Intellectual Origins of the Jewish State. New York: Basic Books. Retrieved April 16, 2008, from Questia database:   http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=97523133http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=100364280 

Edelheit, H., & Edelheit, a.J. (2000). History of Zionism: A Handbook and Dictionary. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Retrieved April 16, 2008, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=97523135

In doing this the powers that be across the world are attempting to dictate or change what has already been spoken by God. They are attempting to alter the prophecy. They are disguising their intentions by presenting such divisions as a way to restore peace to the Middle East. They want people to believe that dividing the land and giving some of the land to Palestine will resolve the problem and result in peace. Overall, it can be said that politics is attempting to replace prophecy, but it will not succeed because it is not possible to replace prophecy.
Conclusion

The purpose of this discussion is to examine the final stages of prophecy in Israel, concerns of the final prophets and the events or situations replacing prophecy. The research found that there are four stages of prophecy involving Israel. These four stages include political restoration (Israel becoming a nation), the peace…...

mla

Works Cited

Coogan M.D. (2006) the Old Testament: A Historical and Literary Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures. Oxford Michael D. Coogan (Author) -- Visit Amazon's Michael D. Coogan Page

Goldman, S.L. (2007). Christians and Zionism American Jewish history: 93(2) Pg: 245-260 Find all the books, read about the author, and moreSee search results for this author Are you an author? Learn about Author Central

The Bible. New King James Version

Walvoord, J.F. What's New in Prophecy? http: / / www.walvoord.com/page.php? page_id=315

Israel Debate Continue
Once again, you are splitting the argument into two parts. On the one hand, there is the factual debate, for which you provide very little evidence despite making very strong claims of fact that could be readily cited properly evidenced, though I will of course the points you do mange to make. On the other hand lies the bulk of your argument, which is full of personal assumption and thinly (if at all) veiled invective and accusation, making claims for which you could have no evidence (and certainly do not have any evidence) and which ultimately have no bearing on this debate whatsoever. Since you continue to devote such a great deal of your time and verbiage to the matter of how this debate is being carried out and the character of those carrying out the debate (or rather, me, though your statements are a more accurate reflection…...

mla

This brings us to your hang-up with the word "State." The West Bank was always to become part of the Arab State after the end of British administration, and had been annexed by Jordan for several years prior to the 1967 conflict. Resolution 242 did not have anything to do with establishing a Palestinian state, as I said previously, nor did it need to in order to carry the same weight in the West Bank as in the Sinai Peninsula: this was another State's territory that Israel invaded and currently occupies, and though the statehood of this territory has undergone many changes in the ensuing decades it was unequivocally part of a State in 1967. To suggest otherwise is either to display extreme ignorance or to be disingenuous.

You also make an assumption regarding my "agreement" with the representative of the Soviet Union regarding which countries certain territories belong to. I cited this representative specifically in regards to the interpretation of Resolution 242 and what it called for in terms of Israeli withdrawal from the occupied territories, as this was the subject at hand. My contention is that the intent of the Security Council was that Israel should withdraw from all of the territories it occupied; this is explicitly stated by the Soviet representative (and others) and this is the only issue I cited him on. Trying to conflate this with other arguments shows a poor focus and an even poorer use of logic (to borrow from your methods): "A says X, and I mentioned that A said X, therefore I must believe Y to be true when A says Y."

None of your quotes come from the actual discussion surrounding Resolution 242, or from anyone other than U.S./UK representatives. If you can find any evidence in those pesky "primary document" that back up your claims, please post those quotes next.

The Sadducees were composed of the upper class of Jews in Palestine, who were willing to turn away from Jewish traditions and extend cooperation to ome. The conflict between the Pharisees and the Sadducees played a pivotal role in some of the social and cultural disputes that occurred during Christ's lifetime.
The political system of ome had an economic impact on Jews, which impacted their cultural and religious practices. The differences between the Sadducees and the Pharisees is described above. The Jewish middle class was composed of traders, merchants, and artisans. The lower class was composed primarily of manual laborers and those who were unemployable. Jesus, as a carpenter son and as a teacher, would have been a member of the middle class, but he spent a considerable amount of time among the lower class. However, all members of the population were subject to heavy taxation by ome, a burden…...

mla

References

Astle, Cynthia. 2012. How the Jews lived in Jesus' Time. New York: About.com. Online.

Available from Internet,  http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/biblicalhistory/a/How-the-Jews-Lived-in-Jesus-Time.htm 

Grabbe, Lester. 1995. An Introduction to First Century Judaism: Jewish Religion and History

in the Second Temple Period. NewYork: Continuum International Publishing Company.

Thesis: Through the examination of the Israeli-Palestine conflict, it becomes apparent that the oppressed have tragically evolved into the oppressor, as evident by the disproportionate use of force, restriction of basic rights, and the perpetuation of a cycle of violence against the Palestinian people. To shape this thesis statement into a clear argument, you can elaborate on each point to provide more depth and specificity to your argument. For example, you can further discuss specific instances of disproportionate use of force by the Israeli government, such as the military actions in Gaza that resulted in civilian casualties. Additionally, you can provide....

Thesis Statement:

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict exemplifies the dynamic of "the oppressed become the oppressor," where the once-oppressed Israelis, after gaining statehood, have now become the oppressors of the Palestinians.

Argument Outline:

Introduction:

Begin with a brief historical overview of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the establishment of Israel in 1948.
Highlight the initial displacement and oppression of Palestinians by the Israeli state.

Historical Oppression of Palestinians:

Describe the systematic discrimination and marginalization of Palestinians under Israeli occupation, including land confiscation, restrictions on movement, and economic deprivation.
Discuss the human rights violations committed by the Israeli military and security forces.
Provide evidence from historical documents and....

Thesis statement: Despite centuries of historical and religious claims, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict over land ownership since 1948 should be resolved through a just and mutually agreed upon solution, acknowledging the rights and aspirations of both Israelis and Palestinians to coexist peacefully in their respective homelands. Some other possible thesis statement ideas could include:
- The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is not just a political dispute over land, but also a deeply rooted clash of national identities and narratives that must be reconciled in order to achieve lasting peace.
- A comprehensive and inclusive approach to resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict must address the economic, social,....

## The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A Contested Land with a Complex History

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the most protracted and intractable disputes in the world. At its core is the question of who has the legitimate right to the land that is now Israel and the Palestinian territories. Both Israelis and Palestinians have deep historical and religious ties to the land, and both sides have suffered greatly in the conflict.

The conflict has its roots in the late 19th century, when European Jews began to immigrate to Palestine in large numbers. This influx of Jewish settlers led to tensions with the....