The fact that he was experienced in politics and learnt a lot of lessons from his predecessor's failures played an important role in securing his position. His initial ruling saw ruthless legislations and the eradication of practically all of his potential opponents. Saddam's ruling emphasized that he would not accept any kind of opposition and whoever expressed the slightest desire to contradict him was harshly punished. The few protests that emerged during his leadership ended terribly and the Halabja poison gas attack is one of the most horrible examples of his thinking. Tens of thousands of individuals died as a result of Saddam's ruthlessness. Even though it was not until 2006 when he was finally captured and executed for his crimes against humanity, it is only safe to say that the world punished him for his actions (Etheredge, 161).
The observation of the Ramadan represents one of the most important…...

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Works cited:

Etheredge, Laura, "Iraq," (the Rosen Publishing Group, 15.01.2011)

Hassig, Susan M., and Al Adely, Laith Muhmood, "Iraq," (Marshall Cavendish, 01.10.2003)

Katzman, Kenneth, "Iraq: Politics, Governance, and Human Rights," Retrieved January 21, 2013, from the Federation of American Scientists Website:  http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RS21968.pdf

Iraq's New Government nd Social Outcome Of War
On pril 29, 2005, officials from Iraq's six neighbors, Jordan, Syria, Kuwait, Iran, Turkey, Saudi rabia, and regional Egypt, met in Istanbul to welcome the formation of a Iraq's new government and give the emerging democratic process a boost despite regional fears of instability in the country.

fter nearly three months of haggling over key government posts, Iraq's National ssembly finally approved the country's first popularly elected government on pril 28.

Iraq's neighbors are extremely concerned that the violence in Iraq could destabilize the region and remain divided concerning Iraq's future.

The officials drafted a "communique" to be adopted by the ministers and carefully watch by the Untied States and international community, that expressed support for the new government, stressing the political integrity and sovereignty of Iraq.

Sunni-dominated neighbors, including Egypt, Jordan, and the Gulf countries, are concerned that Sunni under-representation will sidestep the once powerful minority…...

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AP Online; 03 May 2005; pp.

Wagner1, Thomas. "Iraq's New Government Pledges Unity."

AP Online; 03 May 2005; pp.

The customs of the Iraq population are however, a complex mixture of Middle East elements along with Arab features. This mixture is what makes the complexity of this state and the thing that brings Iraq a very unique image. We may say at some extent that Iraq is an important Middle East state whose customs were somehow completed by Arab traditions. This way we can also answer the notorious question that enquires about whether the new customs of Iraq are indeed Arab in their thoroughness. (Tripp, 2002).
Iraq was indeed a very culture full state, famous for its customs and traditions. People used to be very preoccupied about these traditions and they were living their lives around their typical system of organization and government. We must specify that these systems which they used to lead their lives by were also unique blends of Arab ad Middle East features and they…...

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Bibliography

Hourani, Albert. (1997): A History of the Arab Peoples. New York: Fine Creative Media.

Roux, Georges. (1993): Ancient Iraq. New York: Penguin USA.

Tripp, Charles. (2002): History of Iraq. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

To be sure, one of the most significant effecters of the cultural experience in Iraq has been the stimulation of more widespread, proliferated and severe violence. This has instigated a widespread change in the experience of Iraqis, who have been subjected to one of the most dangerous periods in the nation's history. Accordingly, a study by Roberts et al. (2004) used cluster household sampling in Iraq to measure the mortality rate both before and after the 2003 invasion. The study found that "the risk of death was estimated to be 2 5-fold (95% CI 1-6 -- 4-2) higher after the invasion when compared with the preinvasion period. Two-thirds of all violent deaths were reported in one cluster in the city of Falluja. If we exclude the Falluja data, the risk of death is 1 5-fold (1-1 -- 2-3) higher after the invasion. e estimate that 98000 more deaths than…...

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Works Cited:

Gottschalk, P. & Greenberg, G. (2005). Islamophobia. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Hoge, J.F. & Rose, G. (2005). Understanding the War on Terror. Foreign Affairs.

Iraqi News (IN). (2008). Experts assess extent of Iraq's cultural catastrophe five years after the U.S. invasion. Iraqi News. Online at  http://www.iraqinews.com/culture-tourism/experts-assess-extent-of-iraqs-cultural-catastrophe-five-years-after-the-us-invasion.html?Itemid=126 

Mamdani, M. (2004). Good Muslim, Bad Muslim. Random House.

His treatment of civilian casualties is caustically glib, and his support of the war is spurious and irresponsible. His insensitivity is most apparent when he claims of the war, "the people who ought to have been most affected by it, the population of Iraq itself, seemed scarcely to give it their attention," (p. 4). Keegan takes enormous liberties to make such a ludicrous assertion and without any proof. he bulk of his research was with military officials -- obviously those who had intimate knowledge of weaponry and advanced systems of defense as well as of strategic analysis. However, interviews with military officials and war experts does not provide the insiders' perspective that would be necessary to claim understanding of what it must have been like to live through the American/British invasion.
Furthermore, Keegan can barely hide his sympathy for the neo-conservative point-of-view when he writes about their "highly traditional American…...

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To his credit, Keegan offers some explanation of the neo-conservative ideology that formed the political background upon which the war was played out. He notes the desire to create peace in the region partly stems from the need to protect Israel. The biggest strength of the Iraq War is, however, Keegan's deft analysis of the military strategies and technologies used. Keegan details the American invasion, describing troops and divisions by name. The author also contrasts the American political position and military strategies with those of the British to provide a well-researched and comprehensive version of the story. The Iraq War is written well and can be used as an adjunct to research on the subject.

Unfortunately, Keegan's description of the Iraq War lacks a global perspective. Keegan's descriptions are narrowly focused on the American, especially the neo-conservative, perspective. The optimistic, rosy-glassed tone of the tome is disturbing at times. Moreover, the book is unlikely to leave any lasting impression on readers, who can gather the information Keegan presents from any other book written about the war. Much of what Keegan writes about is dry and factual as opposed to scholarly and lucid. As such, Iraq War is not a special treatment of the war. Keegan offers little insight into what the future of Iraq might look like or what it should look like given the complex political, religious, and ethnic conflicts in the region. The author only briefly mentions the ideological conflict that continues to plague Islam and divide Sunni and Shi'a. His treatment of the Sunni and Shi'a division and of Islam in general is overtly that of an outsider looking into what seems like a "mysterious" culture. In the Iraq War, Keegan spends too little time addressing why the Iraq War was ill conceived even if it was strategically well fought.

Keegan, J. (2005). The Iraq War: The Military Offensive, from Victory in 21 Days to the Insurgent Aftermath. Vintage.

Iraq War-Justification
So much has already been said about Iraq War and the grave error that United States made by invading Iraq that it seems absurd to even suggest that this war was justified. But we must not ignore both sides of the coin. We have already discussed the anti-war arguments and have come to believe that serious judgment errors were made when United States, Britain and Australia agreed to launch military attacks against Iraq. Its now high time we looked deeper into some of the reasons Iraq was invaded to decide for ourselves whether our government did the right thing or not.

To start with, let us consider the scene in Iraq had the war not been launched. Saddam Hussein would still be the President, ruling the country with an iron hand and simply stopping at nothing. He took pride in not paying any heed to international codes and regulations and…...

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References

Arthur Borden, Saddam, the uncontainable; Any terror group could have done his bidding.(OPED) The Washington Times; 9/20/2004

David Kay: Public testimony: Key excerpts: Retrieved online 24th September 2004:

 http://www.worldaffairsboard.com/archive/index.php/t-1638.html 

ED FEULNER, Iraq war is just and necessary The Record (Bergen County, NJ); 9/21/2004;

Sumer and Akkad were the two city-states that produced the most sophisticated armies of the Bronze Age (Gabriel & Metz, 1991). The Greeks called the area Mesopotamia, meaning "the land between the two rivers," a reference to the Tigris and Euphrates basin; however, in the Bible, the region is referred to as "Shumer," the original Sumerian word for the southern part of Iraq, the site of Sumer with its capital at the city of Ur (Gabriel & Metz, 1991).
Modern social organization and therefore social conflict therefore find their collective historic basis in Iraq. According to Roux (1993), people first manifested the high degree of cooperative human effort necessary to make urban life possible in the early Sumerian cities of Eridu and Urak. Likewise, Gabriel and Metz report that these two cities "reflected the evidence of this cooperation in the dikes, walls, irrigation canals, and temples, especially the giant ziggurates,…...

S. Dollar began to fall dramatically, and has continued to do so for many years. The operation Iraqi Freedom was begun a few years later, and this was when a brand new currency was introduced for these regions. This was the Dinar that was valued at $0.00007 as against the Dollar, and maybe because of the fact that this new currency has not yet been introduced to the free trade markets on the Forex, the value of the currency has remained steady and true. It is also a fact that as the Iraqi market has started opening up to outsiders and foreigners, the Iraqi economy has been demonstrating a slow and steady growth, and this also means that the value of the new currency will also increase steadily and gradually. (Investing in new Iraqi Currency?)
There are some people, who opine that the new Kuwaiti Dinar would be worth about $0.30…...

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Bibliography

Dinar Trade, Investing in your Future. Retrieved at   on 5 June, 2005http://www.dinartrade.com/newsAccessed 

Foote, Christopher; Block, William; Crane, Keith; Gray, Simon. Economic Policies and Prospects in Iraq. 2004. Retrieved at   Accessed on 5 June, 2005http://www.bos.frb.org/economic/ppdp/2004/ppdp0401.pdf .

Investing in new Iraqi Currency? Minnesota Public Radio, News Forum. Retrieved at on 5 June, 2005http://news.forum.publicradio.org/article.pl?sid=05/02/23/1042216Accessed

Kevin. Iraqi Banks Gaining Ground. April 11, 2005. Retrieved at Accessed on 5 June, 2005http://truckandbarter.com/mt/archives/cat_iraq.html.

Iraq War
Since the attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, the Bush Administration was determined to invade Iraq. Although no weapons of mass destruction were found, the Bush administration maintained that Iraq was an active threat to the peace and security of the United States and its citizens and so felt the need to invade Iraq. The United Nations refused its support for the war on Iraq yet the Bush administration forced its way into Iraq advocating for the need to overthrow the Saddam regime and securing peace and democracy in Iraq. Unfortunately this was not the case and conditions in Iraq began to worsen even after the removal of Saddam.

The Muslims have a history of not tolerating non-Islamic powers to stay in their homelands and control or intervene in their internal affairs. Similarly the U.S. is not tolerated in Iraq by its citizens and they fear…...

The primary targets of the war are still at large, rendering all use of American and British weapon technology useless and in fact, more damaging to Iraqi civil society.
Indeed, weapon technologies are only as effective as the people who manage and use them. The American military, despite its sophisticated weapons, failed to capture Al-Qaeda because their weapons were not used strategically -- that is, weapons only become effective when they are used responsibly through careful and knowledgeable planning and with the least number of collateral damage. The lack of a clear strategy and knowledge of Middle Eastern culture, including lack of knowledge about both Afghan and Iraqi terrains, cost the U.S. with more civilian casualties than hitting on the primary and correct targets. This scenario is reminiscent of the Vietnam War, wherein the weak military strategy of the U.S. against the guerilla warfare strategy of the VietCongs resulted to…...

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References

Allen, J. (2004). "Vietnam: the war the U.S. lost." International Socialist Review. Available at:  http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Asia/Vietnam_War_US_Lost.html .

Gahan, M. (2003). "War: boon or bane for defence firms." BBC News web site. Available at:  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/2926435.stm .

Literature AnalysisThe essential argument of Chapter 1, Preserving Iraqs Heritage from Looting, is that policy flaws led to the looting of Iraqs heritagethe loss of many cultural sites, museums, and archeological sites. Iraq had a professional antiquities ministry, but the first Persian Gulf War in 1991 undermined this institution through the creation of no-fly zones. After 9/11, culture was not a thought on the minds of policy-makers. The Future of Iraq Project kept such a low profile in Washington because its members sought to avoid unwanted attention from congressional backers of the Iraqi National Congress (p. 7). The outcome of this low-profile is that the US never adopted a cultural policy for Iraq: responsibility for various aspects of culture is divvied up among a number of uncoordinated offices and institutions with limited mandates, all of which failed to take the initiative in reaching out to war planners, even within the…...

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Works Cited

Rothfield, Lawrence. Antiquities Under Siege. AltaMira Press, 2008.

Iraq Conflict and Esdp
The European Security and Defence Policy emerged in the wake of Kosovo Crisis when it was found that European Union essentially lacked the capabilities to play an effective role in Bosnia and later in Kosovo. This led to a collective understanding among major European powers that a better defence system was needed by the EU to address their common defence needs. With various crisis emerging and EU trying to play a significant role, it became increasingly clear in 1990s that European defence policy had serious shortcomings and no single European state alone could play an effective role in the resolution of global crisis. But the one crisis that forces European Union to give its defence policy greater weight and deeper meaning was the Iraq conflict of 2002-2003. The reason we say that is because prior to this crisis, ESDP had not yet taken the shape that it…...

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References

Menon, Anand. 2004. "From Crisis to Catharsis: ESDP after Iraq," International Affairs Vol. 80, No.4 p. 631-648;

Speech by Strobe Talbott on October 7, 1999 at a conference at the Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, available at "www.state.gov/www/policy_remarks/1999/991007_talbott_london.html."

raq
The Honorable John Culberson

Old Executive Office Building

Washington, D.C.

Sir:

t seems there is very little we have done in raq that is in any way honorable. t is common knowledge, now, that there were no Weapons of Mass Destruction, and therefore precious little excuse for the war. However, it is true, also beyond question, that Saddam Hussein was a vicious and brutal dictator who kept his nation in line by virtue of excesses of every sort. One of his sons is reputed to have shredded foes in paper shredders. So perhaps the global community is better off rid of him.

None of that excuses the actions of the United States, both its top administration and its military. After exposure of their activities at Abu Ghraib Prison, and in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, their activities are very little better than the unconscionable activities of the Hussein family. Perhaps it is lost on some that Guantanamo…...

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If we are ever to see the abuses carried out by our military stopped and amends made, if we are ever to regain our reputation as a moral nation with high ideals, one of which is the humane and ethical treatment of all people (repeat ALL PEOPLE), then we must not confirm another Attorney General who is committed to destroying the foundation of American ideals, the U.S. Constitution, nor who ignores the demands of international law among nations of good will.

A November 11, 2004, report in The Washington Post by Dan Eggen noted the ways Gonzales, currently White House counsel, disregards and disrespects the American Way as it was once known, and the Geneva Conventions' requirements as recognized by all civilized nations. Eggen quoted Gonzales' January 2002 memo in which he "argued that the war on terrorism made the Geneva Conventions' limitations on treatment of enemy prisoners 'obsolete' and 'renders quaint some of its provisions'." He also noted that Gonzales' office "played a role in an August 2002 memo from the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel" that rendered the opinion "that torturing alleged al Qaeda terrorists in captivity abroad 'may be justified' and that international laws against torture 'may be unconstitutional if applied to interrogations' conducted in the U.S. war on terrorism."

In view of the abuse already conducted by U.S. forces, both in Iraq and at Guantanamo, we cannot afford to have as our chief law enforcement official a man who twists international law

When this was accomplished, the ideal of democracy was used to justify further war. After several years of ongoing death and destruction, this ideal is increasingly shown as a product of a very idealistic imagination.
The author's argument is made all the more poignant by the non-emotional and realistic tone of his writing. The construction of his writing makes clear the discrepancy between the reality and the ideal of the war. Indeed, he uses not only his own ideas, but also adds input from other political writers and thinkers to substantiate his ideas. These elements add to the realism of his writing.

In conclusion, articles such as the one by Danner provides the American public with valuable bases for both critical and realistic thinking. The Iraq war is assuming crisis proportions. The public however has the power to end the atrocity and to restore to their world a much-needed paradigm of…...

" (Campo, PAGE) Such statements remind historians of colonialism, where invaders believed that their society was superior to the culture they were supplanting, while reaping significant financial rewards for doing so. However, the United States has never claimed financial gain. The real criticism of this war is the rush to get there. The United States planned to solve the Iraqi war with force of arms even while the U.N. was still working diligently to confirm whether WMD even existed in Iraq. As we all know now, they were never found, and that was the strongest and most primary reason for the war.
ibliography

Campo, Juan E. "enign Colonialism? The Iraq War: Hidden Agendas and abylonian Intrigue." Harvard International Review. Volume: 26. Issue: 1, 2004.

Fuss, Toni. "Germany's Opposition to the Iraq War and Its Effect on U.S.-German Relations." Social Education. Volume: 68. Issue: 4, 2004.

Cordesman, Anthony H. Iraq and the War of Sanctions:…...

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Bibliography

Campo, Juan E. "Benign Colonialism? The Iraq War: Hidden Agendas and Babylonian Intrigue." Harvard International Review. Volume: 26. Issue: 1, 2004.

Fuss, Toni. "Germany's Opposition to the Iraq War and Its Effect on U.S.-German Relations." Social Education. Volume: 68. Issue: 4, 2004.

Cordesman, Anthony H. Iraq and the War of Sanctions: Conventional Threats and Weapons of Mass Destruction. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1999.

Jackson, Richard. "Between Iraq and a Hard Place: Richard Jackson Suggests That the United States Is Losing Its War on Terror." New Zealand International Review. Volume: 29. Issue: 4, 2004.

Certainly! Here are some essay topic ideas related to Barack Obama:

1. Analyzing the major accomplishments and legacy of Barack Obama as President of the United States.
2. Exploring the challenges and obstacles faced by Obama during his presidency and evaluating his responses.
3. Investigating the impact of Obama's healthcare reform, the Affordable Care Act (ACA), on the American healthcare system.
4. Discussing Obama's approach to foreign policy, focusing on significant events such as the Iran nuclear deal or the Paris Climate Agreement.
5. Examining the Obama administration's efforts to address climate change and promote clean energy.
6. Assessing the economic policies and strategies implemented by....

Critical Discourse Analysis: Unraveling Power Dynamics and Ideological Influences in Language

Introduction

Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is a multifaceted approach to linguistic inquiry that investigates the ways in which language is used to construct and perpetuate social and political power dynamics. CDA scholars contend that language is not merely a neutral medium of communication, but an active agent that shapes our perceptions, ideologies, and the ways we interact with the world.

Key Principles

CDA is grounded in the following principles:

Language is inseparable from power: Discourse is embedded in social contexts and reflects the power relations that exist within them.
Meaning is socially constructed:....

1. The Origins and Causes of the Civil War in Iraq: A Historical Perspective



2. Understanding the Socio-Political Dynamics that Fueled the Civil War in Iraq



3. The Role of Ethnic and Religious Divisions in the Iraqi Civil War



4. Analyzing the Involvement of International Powers in the Iraq Civil War



5. Assessing the Impacts of the Civil War on Iraq's Infrastructure and Economy



6. The Humanitarian Crisis Unleashed by the Civil War in Iraq



7. The Role of Non-State Armed Groups in Perpetuating the Conflict in Iraq



8. A Comparative Study: Lessons Learned from Other Civil Wars in Iraq



9. Reconciliation and Nation-Building Efforts: Prospects for Post-Civil....

The Iraqi Crucible: A Multifaceted Examination of the Civil War in Iraq

The multifaceted nature of the Iraqi Civil War (2003-2017) demands a title that encapsulates its intricate web of causes, consequences, and complexities. The following titles attempt to capture the multifaceted nature of this conflict:

1. Iraq: The Shattered Crucible
2. The Iraqi Maelstrom: The Civil War and Its Legacy
3. Sectarian Inferno: The Unseen War in Iraq
4. The Iraqi Endgame: From Invasion to Liberation
5. The Iraqi Jigsaw: Pieces of a Broken Nation
6. Iraq: The Lost Decade
7. The Mesopotamian Tragedy: The Rise and Fall of Iraq

Each title highlights a particular aspect of the....