Intellectual Disability and Speech Impairment esources in Duval County, Florida
Today, the State of Florida is tasked with providing high quality educational services to a broad range of students with differing abilities and disabilities. To determine the current state of their educational programming, this paper provides a review of the relevant literature and Florida Department of Education's Web site concerning intellectual disabilities and speech impairments, including a full description of the disability, possible causes, possible treatments, and the teacher accommodations that are provided. Finally, a summary of the research and important findings concerning the provision of educational services to students with intellectual disabilities and speech impairments is provided in the conclusion.
eview and Analysis
Intellectual Disability
Full description of the disability. The definition provided by the State of Florida Department of Education (FLDOE) states that this condition "is defined as significantly below average general intellectual and adaptive functioning manifested during the developmental period, with…...
mlaReferences
Intellectual disabilities. (2013). State of Florida Department of Education. Retrieved from http://www.fldoe.org/ese/ind.asp .
Morin, D., Cobigo, V., Rivard, M,. & Lepine, M. (2010, August). Intellectual disabilities and depression: How to adapt psychological assessment and intervention. Canadian Psychology, 51(3), 185-192.
Speech impairments. (2013). State of Florida Department of Education. Retrieved from http://www.fldoe.org/ese/si.asp .
Tatham, M. & Morton, K. (2011). A guide to speech production and perception. Edinburgh:
Intellectual Disability
INTELLECTUALDISABILITY|
This paper will look into the subject matter of disability by examining a mental illness' mass media representation, i.e., Intellectual Disability in the movie, The Other Sister that is a 1999 romantic comedy movie. Carla Tate, a 22-year-old American female, has a mild mental deficiency. She goes back home to her rich family in California after getting a certificate from a secluded private boarding school. Carla's parents feel guilty for sending her away and Carl's greatest problem now is coping with her overprotective, snobby mother, Elizabeth. More than anything else, Carla wishes to be responsible and independent. Later on, after pursuing a course in trade school, she meets a guy called Daniel who also has mental deficiency. Carla and Daniel became close, finally having a romantic relationship (Kantor, 2014).
Case Study
The movie, The Other Sister, focuses on Carla who goes back and tries to be independent and responsible in spite…...
mlaREFERENCES
Kantor, J. (2014, November 18). The Other Sister. Retrieved November 25, 2016, from Prezi: https://prezi.com/78mherbqueiz/the-other-sister/
Parmenter, T. (2011). Promoting Training and Employment Opportunities for People with Intellectual Disabilities: International Experience. Retrieved from: http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1560&context=gladnetcollect
Rillota, F. (2012, June). Intellectual Disability. Special Education Resource Unit, 22(2), 1-46. Retrieved from http://seru.sa.edu.au/pdfs/SERUpdate%20June%202012Intellectual%20Disability.pdf
Bhaumik, S., Gangadharan, S., Hiremath, A., & Russell, P. S. (2011). Psychological treatments in intellectual disability: the challenges of building a good evidence base. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 198(6), 428-430. Retrieved from http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/198/6/428
IEP
Student With Intellectual Disability
Goals and IEPs: Aiden
One of the critical components of any IEP is 'goal setting.' Goals are determined for each individual student and a specific instructional plan is designed to meet those goals. Goals are usually set annually but each annual goal has a series of short-term goals designed to facilitate reaching that objective. In the case of 'Aiden,' for example, a student identified as having ADHD, the first major goal was for the student to pass all of his classes. Despite testing with a near-normal IQ, Aiden struggled with paying attention in class and often acted as a distraction to other students. His grades did not reflect his abilities because of his difficulty in focusing. Short-term goals designed to achieve this long-term objective including turning homework assignments in on time, getting a C. Or above on all in-class tests and quizzes, and making a positive contribution to…...
mlaReferences
Helping the student with ADHD in the classroom: Strategies for teachers. (1998). LD Online.
Retrieved: http://www.ldonline.org/article/5911/
Sample IEP goals. (n.d.). netreach. Retrieved:
http://www.netreach.net/~bhohlfeld/thohlfeld/study_skills/iepgoal.html
Article Critique 1 – A Phenomenological Study
This article critique analyses the article by Corb, Taggart and Cousins (2015) titled “People with intellectual disability and human science research: A systematic review of phenomenological studies using interviews for data collection”. The researchers, Deirdre, Taggart and Cousins (2015), examined the manner in which people suffering from intellectual disabilities could consent to their participation in a research. The researchers also discuss the methods of information dissemination and the methodology used in that dissemination hence increasing research value. Further, the researchers examine the manner in which Heideggerian phenomenology can be applied on people suffering intellectual disabilities.
This research by Corb, Taggart and Cousins (2015) utilizes a systematic investigation review that utilized phenomenological methods in conducting interviews among intellectually disabled participants. The research entailed 4 electronic data bases. The inclusion criteria utilization occasioned the twenty eight relevant publications. The articles selected were examined and pertinent data derived.…...
Trisomy 13 or Patau Syndrome is a genetic disease in which the person has 3 copies of the genetic material from chromosome 13 instead of having 2 copies. It occurs when the extra DNA from chromosome 13 appears in some or all of the body's cells. The treatment of this disorder differs from child to child and depends on the symptoms.
Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome)
Background (description of the disease, its symptoms, and impacted population)
Klaus Patau was a German-American geneticist, and together with his research colleagues, described the condition in 1960. The syndrome's clinical appearances were described in 1657 for the first time by Erasmus Bartholin, but he did not know its aetiology (Patient Information, n.d.). Trisomy 13 is a chromosomal condition linked with severe physical and intellectual disability. Those suffering from Trisomy usually have spinal or brain abnormalities, heart defects and smaller, not fully developed eyes -a condition referred to as…...
mlaReference: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/trisomy-13#
Misanovic, V., Jonuzi, F., Bisacevic, E., & Vegar, S. (2002). [The Patau syndrome]. Med Arh., 42-3.
NICHD. (2013). March Is Trisomy Awareness Month. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
NS. (2011). Trisomy 13. Retrieved from Living Naturally: http://www.livingnaturally.com/ns/DisplayMonograph.asp?StoreID=70CDC1C8F3B5425B8CCB5B230415A520&DocID=condition-trisomy13#COMPLICATIONS
PHC. (2013). Patau Syndrome. Retrieved from Prime Health Channel: http://www.primehealthchannel.com/patau-syndrome.html
Intellectual Functioning
Your IQ
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Stanford -- Binet Intelligence Scales
Analysis of Wechsler Adult Intelligence and Stanford -- Binet Intelligence
Present use of Stanford -- Binet Intelligence and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Precautions
esults from Studies
The performance IQ
Assessment of Intellectual Functioning
Psychological testing -- also known as the psychological assessment -- is basically the foundation of how psychologists are able to get a better understanding a person and their behavior. It is a process of problem solving for many professionals -- to try and regulate the core components of a person's psychological or mental health difficulties, personality, IQ, or some other element. It is likewise some kind of process that aids and identifies not just flaws of a person, but also all of their strengths. Psychological testing are done to measure a person's performance at a particular point in time. Psychologists discuss about an individual's "present functioning" in expressions of their test data (Gonzalez-Gordon,…...
mlaReferences
Arrigo, B.A. (2009). Police corruption and psychological testing: A strategy for preemployment screening. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 12(3), 23-45.
Emerson, E., Einfeld, S., & Stancliffe, R.J. (2010). The mental health of young children with intellectual disabilities or borderline intellectual functioning. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 45(21), 21-34.
Gonzalez-Gordon, R.G., Salvador-Carulla, L., Romero, C., Gonzalez-Saiz, F., & Romero, D. (2012). Feasibility, reliability and validity of the Spanish version of Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disability: A structured psychiatric interview for intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 21(6), 111-120.
Maeda, S., Kita, F., Miyawaki, T., & Takeuchi. (2012). Assessment of patients with intellectual disability using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to evaluate dental treatment tolerability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 24(9), 253-259.
One area that was missed in the literature was the effectiveness of various intervention strategies in reducing stress in families with persons with disabilities. It is not known what interventions have been tried and which ones were most effective in helping families to build coping mechanisms and reduce stress. This is the obvious next step into developing a thorough understanding of the topic area.
This literature review revealed several key trends into research regarding families and cognitive impairment. This area continues to be an area of interest. However, the focus seems to be shifting from a psychological perspective into a sociological based approach. There is much more interest in recent years regarding the issues of cognitive disability and its impact on society at large. In the area of persons with cognitive disability, having families of their own, politics will play a factor in the direction of research in the future.
eferences
Anderson, V.,…...
mlaReferences
Anderson, V., Catroppa, C., & Haritou., M. et al. (2005). Identifying factors contributing to child and family outcome 30 months after traumatic brain injury in children. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 76(3):401-408,
Family Village. (2006). Cognitive Disability/Mental Retardation. Retrieved April 9, 2009 from http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/lib_cdmr.htm
Feldman, M., Varghese, J., Ramsay, J., & Rajska, D. (2002). Relationships between social
support, stress, and mother-child interactions in mothers with intellectual disabilities.
Self-Monitoring in Education
Putting individuals with "intellectual disabilities" and "challenging behaviors" into regular classrooms is clearly a good idea - the educational literature supports this. But what happens once they are in the classroom? How does one then improve the social behavior and learning opportunities of these students? One idea, cooperative learning (also called peer tutoring), does show some promise; however, another idea based around the technique of self-monitoring/self-recording is specifically highlighted in the article under discussion. This method (which trains a student to identify, record and modify inappropriate behavior) was introduced to a certain thirteen-year-old girl named Pauline who had lived in a Romanian orphanage for ten years and had suffered "severe deprivation and abuse." The specific behaviors targeted in Pauline were stereotypic in quality (body-rocking and hand gazing) as well as consistent in quantity (they occurred consistently throughout the school day).
This "targeting" of behavior took the form of an…...
JAMES' CASE STUDY
Case Study on James in IDEA
Case Study on James in IDEA
James is a six years old boy living with his parents in first grade. With his intellectual disability, he has been placed under special education classroom having 15 other students. James has some challenges related to learning due to the poor memory and delays in language development. One of the strengths that James has is that he is confident in school and is not easily frustrated. He can communicate effectively with adults but socializing with his peers is a challenge. One of the major challenges that he faces is the fact that he has low achievement in most of the academic areas. These include reading comprehension, mathematics, and written expressions. His interests are in sports, games although he is challenged by isolation from his peers. He has faced delays in cognitive, social and adaptive behavior skills in the…...
DISABILITY IGHTS MOVEMENTDisability ights MovementFrom the onset, it would be prudent to note that working with individuals presenting with various disabilities would require that certain ethical, legal, and moral issues be taken into consideration. This is especially the case in efforts to ensure that the various concerns that arise in the course of the said interactions are adequately addressed. Further, highlighting concerns of this nature could be considered an ideal move in efforts to empower persons with disabilities. For instance, one of the moral issues that may create challenges when working with individuals with disabilities would be on the issue of trust. According to aspa et al. (2020), working with individuals with disabilities necessitates that the service providers be honest and open so as to create and sustain trust. This is more so the case given that the trust that such persons have had with other persons could have been…...
mlaReferencesRaspa, M., Moultrie, R., Wagner, L., Edwards, A., Andrews, S., Frisch, M. K., Turner-Brown, L., & Wheeler, A. (2020). Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues Related to the Inclusion of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities in Electronic Health Record Research: Scoping Review. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(5), e16734. https://doi.org/10.2196/16734
By-Laws: The Developmental Disabilities Administration and its ProvidersThese by-laws govern the conduct of service providers working with the DDA to offer institutional or waiver services to individuals with developmental disabilities within the District of Columbia.Article 1: Name and PurposeSection 1. Name: The agencys name is the Developmental Disabilities Administration (abbreviated as DDA).Section 2. Purpose: The DDA is tasked with coordinating and maintaining oversight for all supports and services offered to persons with developmental and intellectual disabilities within Washington State. The mandate of the DDA is to support individuals with developmental and intellectual disabilities to have the most control, choice, and independence to live fulfilling lives in the community. To realize this mandate, the DDA partners with service providers who offer an array of community and residential services to promote wellness and health, thus ensuring that individuals with such disabilities lead a high quality life.Section 3. Legality: Title 7 -771.02 of…...
mlaReferences Council of the District of Columbia (n.d.).Establishment of the Department of Healthcare Finance. Author. of Disability Services (DDS) (2019). Performance and quality management strategy. Author. https://dds.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/dds/publication/attachments/DDS%20Performance%20and%20Quality%20Management%20Strategy%20-%2009.04.2019.pdfhttps://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/7-771.02 Department
Diversity
Sometimes the worst disabilities are those which are invisible to the naked eye; people who have a mental illness or disability are overwhelmingly stigmatized by society and discrimination against them is both widespread and fully condoned in our culture. (Johnstone, 2005). The disadvantages of mental disabilities are compounded by the fact that the abilities which are disabled, so to speak, tend to be those which are most useful in navigating the social provisions for the disabled, and by the lack of physical manifestations which may discourage outsiders from recognizing the need for intervention. Thus there are many particular challenges facing the mentally disabled, including a lack of social sensitivity to, acceptance of, and knowledge about these disabilities, and widespread institutional discrimination affecting employment, medical care, travel, residency, and many other aspects of life. The purpose of this paper is to explore the portrayal in film and literature of the challenges…...
American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD)
American Association of People with Disabilities
Agency Selected
The American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD)
Purpose and structure
The American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD) is the largest cross-disability membership organization in the nation. The agency serves multiple purposes, the most fundamental of which is advocacy. Established in 1995, the agency's original objectives were twofold: (1) to be a voice for and implement the policy goals of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) -- which had been enacted in 1990 -- and (2) to unite a wide diversity of people with disabilities into a community, bringing together the many disability-specific organizations that made up the landscape. The American Association of People with Disabilities holds that joining the diverse constituencies of the disability community -- people with physical disabilities, intellectual disabilities, developmental disabilities, sensory disabilities, psychiatric disabilities, and chronic health conditions -- helps these different interest groups…...
mlaReferences
Affirmative Action, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.(2009). Retrieved http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/affirmative-action/
American Association of People with Disabilities Annual Report 2008-2009. Retrieved
Buskey, F., and Pitts, E.M. (2009). Training subversives: The ethics of leadership preparation. Phi Delta Kappan, 91(3), 57-61. Retrieved July 7, 2011 from EBSC host, http://web.ebscohost.com/
Social Promotion on Students With Learning Disabilities
Prospectus: Effects of Social Promotion on Young Students with Learning Disabilities
Social promotion in various learning institutions is a practice where the students are promoted to the next grade level even if they have not attained the required learning standards by the understanding material used. In most cases, social promotion has been contrasted with retention, which is a practice of holding students back to remain in the same class or grade if they fail to meet academic expectations. Students are always expet to show that they have attained the required learning standards or academic expectations before they are promoted to the next class of grade level (Chou et al., 2016). The practice is referred to social promotion in various learning institutions because as non-academic considerations factors like societal expectations and pressures influence promotions decisions made on students from one class to the next or grade…...
mlaReferences
Chou, Y. C., Wehmeyer, M. L., Palmer, S. B., & Lee, J. (2016). Comparisons of Self-Determination Among Students With Autism, Intellectual Disability, and Learning Disabilities A Multivariate Analysis. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 1088357615625059.
Ciullo, S., Falcomata, T., & Vaughn, S. (2015). Teaching Social Studies to Upper Elementary Students with Learning Disabilities Graphic Organizers and Explicit Instruction. Learning Disability Quarterly, 38(1), 15-26.
Wehmeyer, M. L., Shogren, K. A., & Seo, H. (2015). Promoting the Self-Determination and Goal Attainment of Youth with Learning Disabilities And Behavioral Disorders. In Transition of Youth and Young Adults (pp. 173-196). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
hear the word 'disability, the first images that come to mind are people with obvious disabilities, such as physical limitations. But now I know that disabilities come in many shapes and sizes. Learning disabilities are not always immediately apparent to even the trained eye of a seasoned teacher. A student with ADHD can seem very normal running around on the playground, and it is not until the child is sitting in a classroom environment that his or her 'disability' becomes evident on a test.
The first words which come to my mind when I hear 'disability' tend to be negative words: it is difficult not to see a disability as a liability rather than simply as a difference, although from the point-of-view of a teacher it is better to view it as such, and is more empowering for the students to do so as well.
Question Box 2 on
Most of the…...
Structural Analysis of John Steinbeck's "Of Mice and Men": Interplay of Time, Isolation, and the American Dream
Thesis Statement:
John Steinbeck's "Of Mice and Men" is a meticulously structured novel that employs a dynamic interplay of time, isolation, and the American Dream to explore the complexities of human existence and the fragility of hope. Through the novel's unique structural framework, Steinbeck illuminates the profound impact of these elements on the characters' relationships, choices, and ultimate fates.
Part I: Temporal Flux and the Illusion of Control
Non-Linear Narrative: The novel's unconventional structure juxtaposes past and present, fragmenting the narrative into disjointed memories and flashbacks.....
Maternal Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Introduction
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a leading cause of preventable birth defects. Exposure to alcohol in the womb can have severe and lifelong consequences for the developing fetus, leading to a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, including fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).
How Alcohol Affects the Fetus
Alcohol can cross the placenta and reach the fetus directly. Once in the fetal circulation, it can disrupt cell growth and differentiation, particularly in the brain and other organs that are rapidly developing. Additionally, alcohol can interfere with the production of essential nutrients, such as folic acid, which are....
Consequences of Unvaccinated MMR: A Comprehensive Overview
Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) are highly contagious viral diseases that can lead to severe complications. The MMR vaccine is a safe and effective way to protect individuals from these diseases. However, some people choose not to vaccinate their children against MMR, which poses significant risks to both the unvaccinated individuals and the broader community.
Measles
Complications: Measles can cause a range of complications, including pneumonia, encephalitis (brain inflammation), and even death.
Transmission: Measles is highly contagious and can spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
Outbreaks: In countries with low....
1. The effectiveness of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime
2. The ethical considerations and moral implications of the death penalty
3. The impact of the death penalty on families of victims and the families of those executed
4. The costs associated with the death penalty compared to life imprisonment
5. The disparities in the application of the death penalty based on race, class, and geographical location
6. The potential for wrongful convictions and the risk of executing innocent individuals
7. The role of mental illness and intellectual disability in death penalty cases
8. International perspectives on the death penalty and its place in global....
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