Human Motivation
One of the most important aspects of a child's psychological growth is the development of self-awareness. According to Thompson, the developmental pathway of the self incorporates several shadings such as the child's growing complexity and ongoing transformation of actual chronicles of self (Dacey, Travers & Lisa, 2009, p.260). He stated that these different aspects of the self continue to grow as social awareness and cognitive maturity result in a child's psychological development through self-concept and self-esteem. The psychological development of a child has been a subject of several studies that have focused on examining the development of humans across the lifespan.

Article eview One:

The first article under review was written by four authors i.e. Amanda Shallcross, Victoria Floerke, Brett Ford, and Iris Mauss and published by the American Psychological Association. This article was published in 2013 following research that was conducted in 2012 on getting better with age. The authors…...

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References:

Dacey, J., Travers, J. & Lisa, F. (2009). Human development across the lifespan (7th ed.). New

York, NY: McGraw Hill Higher Education.

Riediger, M., Wzrus, C., Schmiedek, F., Wagner, G.G. & Lindenberger, U. (2011, May 2). Is

Seeking Bad Mood Cognitively Demanding? Contra-hedonic Orientation and Working-memory Capacity in Everyday Life. Emotion, 11(3), 656-665. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0022756

The satisfaction of completing a task that is outside of one's perceived role or ability reduces stress, as in this case stress is associated with feelings of helplessness, and allows the individual to perceive of the ability to possibly do even more complicated tasks in the future. ("Women Becoming More Involved," 2000, p. 6) Things get more complicated if the learning needed is social. In this case one might learn by observing how others interact. We can mirror another's social behavior as an aspect of learning and therefore resolve social anxiety by doing. The result may be collaborative as it gives the individual a clue that they can achieve the social role expected of them even when they do not feel confident. Speaking with others about such perceived confidence may elicit a result of the other telling him or her that they were also initially afraid of the social…...

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References

Ashby, J.S., Rahotep, S.S., & Martin, J.L. (2005). Multidimensional Perfectionism and Rogerian Personality Constructs. Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 44(1), 55.

Dembo, M.H. (2000). Motivation and Learning Strategies for College Success a Self-Management Approach. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Dibartolo, P.M., Albano, a.M., Barlow, DH, & Heimberg, R.G. (1998). Cross-Informant Agreement in the Assessment of Social Phobia in Youth. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26(3), 213.

Ellwood, D.T. (1988). Poor Support: Poverty in the American Family. New York: Basic Books.

Cancer Call Center was happy to see Wendy's answers, because they appeared to coincide with the management approach taken by Cancer Call Center. For example, all of the call center's customer service representatives were given full authority to resolve customer complaints, which meant that they did not have to resort to a manager to approve customer service issues. Furthermore, Cancer Call Center used a two-level approach to call scoring. The first level involved taped calls and measured how many of the standard call points, for example correct greeting, the customer service representative used. However, the second system involved follow-up calls to customers by an independent agency, and they measured customer satisfaction. In addition, supervisors at the call-center reviewed performance on a weekly basis, giving both positive and negative feedback to the customer service representatives.
Despite Wendy's good fit with the company's policies, she still appeared to have a problem fitting…...

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References

Franken, R.E. (2007). Human Motivation (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Mauro, T. (2002, February). Helping organizations building community: a sense of community at work can make all the difference. T&,D 56(2), 52-7.

McNerney, D. (1996, August). Employee motivation: creating a motivated workforce. HR

Focus, 73(8), 1-4.

Driving Forces Behind Motivation
For some the notion of staying motivated seems unnatural. This is especially the case for healthcare workers, nurses in particular, who face long shifts and inadequate support due to nursing shortages. Healthcare organizations are facing their own crisis as they struggle to recruit qualified nurses then encourage them to remain motivated despite grim circumstances. Given the current healthcare climate, which is demanding and often overburdening, one challenge organizations must face is discovering new ways to motivate staff. But what is motivation and how does an organization motivate an already overworked staff?

For centuries organizations have worked to develop clear and well defined plans for motivating staff. The first challenge organizations must face is understanding what motivation is. Without understanding first what motivation is, it is impossible to motivate workers. Many believe that you are either born with motivation or without. Other myths suggest that workers who are…...

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References:

Atkinson J.W., & Feather N.T. ( 1966). A theory of achievement motivation. New York: Wiley.

Bolton, L. (2005). "Process theories of motivation." Information Technology and Management. Retrieved August 5, 2005: http://opax.swin.edu.au/~388226/howto/it2/mproc.htm

Drillings, M. & O'Neil, H.F. (1994). Motivation: Theory and research. Hillsdale, NJ:

Erlbaum Associates.

Human Motivation
Post esponse

I would agree most with the humanistic approach to understanding human motivation, and in particular, Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory. That is primarily because Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs describes five specific levels of human psychological needs, of which three seem directly connected to the ways that people respond to their work environment. In between the first stage of Physiological Needs and the highest stage of Self-Actualization (which is nor necessarily ever reached by many people), are Maslow's Security and Safety Needs, Social Needs, and Esteem Needs (George & Jones, 2008; obins & Judge, 2009).

In the workplace, security and safety relate directly to the transactional nature of work, whereby the financial and more general tangible aspects of security in life depend on the maintenance of gainful employment in return for the monetary compensation and other benefits necessary for the individual to support himself and a family (George…...

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References

George, J.M. And Jones, G.R. (2008). Understanding and Managing Organizational

Behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Robbins, S.P. And Judge, T.A. (2009). Organizational Behavior. Upper Saddle River,

NJ: Prentice Hall.

MASLOW'S HEIACHY OF NEEDS
ANALYSIS OF MASLOW'S HIEACHY OF NEEDS

Analysis of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

During the 20th century, dominant psychology theories were Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis and Watson and Skinner's behaviorism theories. In both of these theories, they portrayed human beings as faulty machines. Freud's view saw human beings as being driven entirely by primitive urges like aggression and sex. Therefore, while living together in a civilized society, the ever-present impulses must be managed, and it leaves many people hopelessly conflicted at an unconscious level. The view of the behaviorists sees humans are oversized lab rats - programmed to behave the way they do by factors that are beyond their control. Since people are like programmed machines, they can be manipulated into doing anything. From here, Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) became dismayed by attempts made to reduce human psychology to simple mechanisms. Therefore, he wanted to understand and know what constituted positive mental…...

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References List:

Chretien, K. C. & Kind, T. (2014). Climbing Social Media in Medicines Hierarchy of Needs. Academic Medicine, 89(10), 1318-1320.

Kenrick, D. T., Griskevicius, V., Neuberg, S. L. & Schaller, M. (2010). Renovating The Pyramid of Needs Contemporary Extensions Built Upon Ancient Foundations. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(3), 292-314.

Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396.

Serlin, I. (2011). The History and Future of Humanistic Psychology. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 51(4), 428-431.

Keeping Suzanne ChalmersAPI is seeing the problem of turnover up close, and it needs to do a better job of addressing it. The case of Suzanne Chalmers leaving to travel for a few months and then join a start-up is a case in point: she does not give any indication that the workplace is an issue; it is simply that she is ready to go somewhere new. There is also the potential of earnings being more lucrative somewhere else due to stock options that start-ups can offer.It is always difficult when an employee wants to resign, but there are some things that one can do in order to keep them on board. First of all, it is important to try and find out the reasons why they want to leave. Chan attempts to do this, but comes up well short. Chalmers does not give him anything to go on. To…...

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ReferencesGerhart, B., & Fang, M. (2015). Pay, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, performance, and creativity in the workplace: Revisiting long-held beliefs. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2, 489-521Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370.

Motivation in Behavior
a) What does Tolman's theory of animal learning tell us about the motivation for human learning?

Unlike John Watson, B.F. Skinner and the other strict behaviorists, or the ussian physiologists like Ivan Pavlov, Edward C. Tolman argued that the behaviorist theory that learning was a matter of stimulus-response (S-) and positive and negative reinforcement was highly simplistic. Although he rejected introspective methods and metaphysics, he increasingly moved away from strict behaviorism into the areas of cognitive psychology. In short, he became a mentalist without actually using that term to describe himself and concluded that all behavior was "purposive" (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 428). All of his experiments with rats moving through mazes at the University of Berkeley proved to his satisfaction that behavior was actually the dependent variable, with the environment as the independent variable, with mental processes as intervening variables. Tolman summarized this basic theory, which he applied to…...

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REFERENCES

Leaf, J.B. et al. (2010). "Comparison of Simultaneous Prompting and No-No Prompting in Two-Choice Discrimination Learning with Children with Autism." Journal of Applied Behavioral Analysis, No. 2 (Summer 2010), pp. 215-28.

Lerner, R.M. (2002). Concepts and Theories of Human Development, (3rd ed.) Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Lund, S.K. (2009). "Discrete Trial Instruction in Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention" in E.A. Boutot and M. Tincani (eds). Autism Encyclopedia: The Complete Guide to Autism Spectrum Disorders. Prufrock Press, Inc.

Hergenhahn, B.R. (2009). An Introduction to the History of Psychology, (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth

One example of this is shown when explaining why people eat, aside for being a basic need; people eat as a form of interaction or in some instances for entertainment. People are motivated to eat because they enjoy doing it with the company of friends and family. Individuals are motivated to eat for other reasons that may include health consideration in particular. Motivation in this aspect is largely attributed to be an internally driven. Each individual has a different motivation in pursuing a certain goal. This motivation is manifested in the human will or volition; some writers see it as the human spirit. In times of difficulty that a person encounters, it is this internal motivation that surfaces which provides the person added strength to weather the storm. For instance, when the body encounters substantial physical and mental stress, the body secretes adrenaline resulting to a situation wherein the…...

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References

Beck, Robert. (2000) Motivation: Theories and Principles. New Jersey Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.

Franken, Robert (1998) Human Motivation. New York: Brooks/Core Publishing Company.

Ford, Martin (1992) Motivating Humans. London: Sage Publications.

Houston, John (1985) Motivation. New York: Macmillan Publishing.

Although his theory is not necessarily incompatible with Maslow and Alderfer's ideas, Herzberg places less emphasis on basic needs, and more upon using higher, internal needs to elicit optimal performance from the individual.
One common objection to theories of human motivation, of course, is that different types of people appear to be motivated by different things. For example, one teacher may choose his or her position because of job security, while another teacher may be more motivated by the idea of changing children's lives. This means that different strategies must be deployed in motivating people within the same organization or within different professions: a salesperson may be motivated by different things than a professor. "According to David McClelland's an individual's specific needs are acquired over time and are shaped by one's life experiences. Most of these needs can be classed as either achievement, affiliation, or power" (McClelland's theory of needs,…...

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References

Herzberg's Two-Factor theory. (2010). Net MBA. Retrieved February 23, 2010.

 http://www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/herzberg/ 

McClelland's theory of needs. (2010). Net MBA. Retrieved February 23, 2010.

 http://www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/mcclelland/

Motivation
Experimental Research on Motivation

Among the psychological variables discussed, motivation is the psychological variable that I have the most interest in, primarily because it helps uncover the 'mystery' of why we are drive to successfully accomplish tasks and activities. Motivation is at the center of every individual who makes a decision to commit an action or behavior; it develops within the individual the willingness to commit to change through his/her own actions. Whether or not the motivation was positively generated, motivation remains a key component to understanding the human psyche.

Take as an example weight loss or diet programs. These programs are anchored on the premise that given the correct motivation, individuals can successfully achieve weight loss. Weight programs are driven only by two important factors: the trainer's support to the individual in the program, developing the right motivation in him/her, and the individual's motivation to successfully finish the program. There could…...

Society also ingrains many values and ideas into its populace, for instance, by gender conditioning. oys are told they should not cry or display feeling while it is okay for a girl to do it. oys are also expected to be tough and aggressive and told from a very young age that they need to be "strong." The worst insult for a little boy generally is that he is acting like a girl. This fact is observed in almost all societies irrespective of geographical location. Parenthood, marital status and involvement in social circles also influence values and attitudes.

Franken defined motivation as a multifaceted phenomenon. (Franken, 1998) He associated motivation as an internal state of need, desire or want that serves to activate or energize behavior as well as to give direction to behavior. Motivation is also defined as a factor that helps people get energized towards attaining a goal that…...

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Bibliography

Ashforth, B., & Humphrey, R. (Emotional labor in service roles: The influence of identity). 1993. Academy of Management Review, 18(88-115).

Franken, R.E. (1998). Human motivation (4th ed.). vrPacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Pub. Co.

Gove, W.R. (1994). Why We Do What We Do: a Biopsychosocial Theory of Human Motivation. Social Forces, 73.

Jackson, K.M., Mannix, E.A., Peterson, R.S., & Trochim, W.M.K. (2003). A Multi-faceted Approach to Process Conflict. Paper presented at the IACM 15th Annual Conference.

As a conclusion, in terms of both responsibility and motivation, it is more that obvious that our two characters Iago and Krogstad are involved in destroying a marriage but the effects of their involvement are quite different; while Krogstad, through his blackmail, is motivated by the fact that he wants to spare his children of the miseries of a spoiled reputation and is responsible only for providing the necessary circumstances which will unravel the truth to Nora concerning her false happy marriage, in Iago's case we consider him fully responsible not only for destroying Othello's marriage but also for the death of many people around him, victims of his Machiavellian plans. Questioning his motivation, there isn't any and this exact utter lack of motivation is what makes him Shakespeare's greatness villain.

ibliography

Katherine E. Monahan Huntley - Storytelling Output Report for a Doll's House " http://www.dramatica.com/story/analyses/analyses/dollshouse.html

Ian Johnston - on Ibsen's a Doll's…...

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Bibliography

Katherine E. Monahan Huntley - Storytelling Output Report for a Doll's House "  http://www.dramatica.com/story/analyses/analyses/dollshouse.html 

Ian Johnston - on Ibsen's a Doll's House " http://www.mala.bc.ca/~johnstoi/introser/ibsen.htm

Enotes - a Doll's House Text

 http://www.enotes.com/dollsouse-text/

Ego Needs:

McGregor makes a similar point where individual ego needs are concerned. Quite certainly, all personnel like to know that their work, efforts and particular skills are being appreciated. McGregor points out that this dimension represents a great priority to man subsequent to having achieved his survival needs and attended to his social requirements. hen these basic imperatives have been satisfied, McGregor makes the point that all individuals will attempt some greater level of personal validation. This, he reports, is to be formed on a combination of personal self-esteem and the validation given thereto by others.

McGregor goes on to argue that especially for those working in the lower tiers of the industrial-organizational hierarchy, positive ego-orientation can be nearly impossible to achieve. He makes the argument -- notably connected to the practices of his era -- that commonly applied methods of production strategy make no acknowledgement of the connection between positive…...

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Works Cited:

McGregor, D.M. (1957) The Human Side of Enterprise. Management Review.

Human Resource Management. It a case study format Academic Essay. Use Harvard style reference list intext reference, Do include bibliography. Number reference: 20 Academic References Detail find upload file.
In today's challenging economic and business environment, managers are often faced with a dilemma regarding the human resource policy that is best applicable. In this particular case study, an important problem is brought forward: what is the optimum dimension of the workforce in an organization? There are several dimensions to this problem that will be discussed in this paper, including the challenges and consequences of having an adequately large workforce, motivational theories that apply to the employees etc.

The premise of the issues described in the case study is simple: in the present time, the economy no longer has a predictable trend. With stagnation and economic recession just passed, the economic and business environment has not truly returned to the levels from…...

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15. Randstad. 2008. The world of work 2008. Rochester, NY: Harris Interactive, Inc.

16. Eaton, S.C. 2003. If you can use them: Flexibility policies, organizational commitment, and perceived performance. Industrial Relations

17. Galinsky, E., Bond, J.T., & Hill, E.J. 2004. When work works: A status report on workplace flexibility. New York: Families and Work Institute.

Balzac and Zola: Literary Mirrors of French Society

Introduction:
Honoré de Balzac and Émile Zola, towering figures in French literature, left an enduring mark on the literary and social landscape of 19th-century Europe. Both novelists were pivotal in the development of realism, a literary movement that aimed to depict life as it was, without idealization or artifice. This essay will delve into the complexities and thought-provoking ideas explored by Balzac and Zola in their works.

Balzac's Human Comedy: A Panoramic Tapestry of French Society

Balzac's monumental work, "The Human Comedy," is a vast literary panorama that spans the social hierarchy of France during the....

Title: The Embodiment of Meaningful Fulfillment: An Exploration of Personal Success
Definition of Success:
Personal success, to me, is an ongoing journey of self-discovery, growth, and the pursuit of a life that aligns with my core values and aspirations. It encompasses:
Authenticity: Embracing and living in accordance with one's true self, values, and passions.
Purposeful Contribution: Making a positive impact on the world and leaving a meaningful legacy.
Continuous Learning: Embarking on a lifelong quest for knowledge, skills, and experiences.
Self-Mastery: Developing emotional intelligence, resilience, and a growth mindset.
Balanced Well-being: Nurturing physical, mental, and spiritual health as the foundation for all....

Defining Success: A Personal and Multifaceted Pursuit
Success is a subjective and multifaceted concept that varies greatly depending on individual values, aspirations, and life circumstances. For some, it may be measured by financial wealth or professional achievements; for others, it may be rooted in personal fulfillment, meaningful relationships, or a sense of purpose. While there is no single, definitive definition of success, exploring different perspectives can help us gain a deeper understanding of this complex and elusive aspiration.
Financial Abundance and Material Possessions
For many, success is synonymous with financial stability and material abundance. In a capitalistic society, achieving wealth and acquiring material....

My Passion for Counseling: A Journey of Meaning and Connection
My passion for counseling stems from a deep-seated desire to make a meaningful contribution to the lives of others and foster their well-being. This aspiration has been ignited by a combination of personal experiences, profound insights, and a unwavering commitment to empowerment.
Personal Experiences as a Catalyst
Growing up, I witnessed firsthand the transformative impact that counseling can have on individuals and families. My own struggles with anxiety and self-esteem led me to seek the guidance of a therapist, who provided me with a safe and supportive space to explore my challenges and....