" (Jacobs and Skocpol, 2007)
rown and Sparer (2003) state that Medicare is "...administered by the federal government. Not only eligibility criteria and financing policy but also the benefit package, policies governing payments to providers, and decisions about the delivery system (for instance, fee-for-service vs. managed care) are determined in Washington, D.C., with no direct participation by the states. (the program delegates important decisions about coverage and payments to third-party insurers -- fiscal intermediaries and carriers -- and thus these national determinations do not preclude considerable regional variations that reflect local differences in wage costs and other factors)." (2003) Medicaid is state-managed "...although a framework of federal rules constrains state program administrators, they retain wide, and widening, discretion on all of the basic issues: eligibility, benefits, payments, and organization of care." (rown and Sparer, 2003)
V. Eligibility, Physician ehavior and Low-Income Population Access to Care
The work of aker and Royalty (1997) entitled:…...
mlaBibliography
Miller, Edward Alan (2007) Federal Administrative and Judicial Oversight of Medicaid: Policy Legacies and Tandem Institutions Under the Boren Amendment. 15 Nov 2007. The Journal of Federalism advance Access. Online available at: http://publius.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/pjm035v1
Medicaid Policy Statement Committee on Child Health Financing 1 July 2005. Pedatrics Vol. 116, No. 1 http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics;116/1/274
Lundy, Kay Saucier, Lundy, Karen Saucier, and Janes, Sharyn (2009) Community Health Nursing: Caring for the Public's Health. Jones & Bartlett 2009.
Jacobs, Laurence R. And Skocpol, Theda (2007) Inequality and American Democracy: What We Know and What We Need to Learn. Russell Sage Foundation 2007.
Health Policy Influence
Health policy has a big influence on health care leadership. The decisions made about health policy are the driving forces behind the actual health care that is offered to society (Torrens, 2013). In turn, that affects the leadership of that health care. Because leadership has a trickle-down effect on the rest of the health care industry, what leaders are required to do and the rules they have to follow both have consequences for the people they lead and the people who are treated by the health care system. The most important and significant health care policy in the U.S. today is Obamacare (Barr, 2011). It is designed to provide millions of people with affordable health care, but there have been glitches and problems with it from the day it was rolled out and enrollment started. There are still problems, and the website is a large part of the…...
mlaReferences
Barr, D.A. (2011). Introduction to U.S. health policy: The organization, financing, and delivery of health care in America. NY: JHU Press.
CCH (2010). Law, explanation and analysis of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: Including Reconciliation Act impact. CCH Incorporated.
Torrens, P.R. (2013). Chapter 13 Understanding health policy. Introduction to Health Services. NY: Cengage Learning.
Health Policy Current Events
Health Policy
Final Rules for the Accountable Care Organizations have been Published
Section 3022 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 provides a provision for care providers to form organizations focused on improving and lowering the cost of patient care (Berwick, 2011). ACOs are structured such that care providers will be able to share in any cost of care savings realized, thus providing a potentially large incentive to participate. This has caused a bit of a 'gold rush fever' in the industry, with many hospitals and other healthcare organizations reportedly already functioning as ACOs in advance of the January, 2012 start of the program (Gold, 2011).
As with any incentive program oversight is critical, because the temptation to cut costs at the expense of patient health will be substantial. On October 5, 2011 the Department of Health and Human Services published the final rule for ACOs, which…...
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The relationship between healthcare and economics is a particular issue in poorer countries. The report explains that the economic impact in poor countries is seen in the form of grants and loans that the orld Bank grants. The report explains that credit worthy countries that are extremely poor can qualify for long-term interest free credit. These credits are given under the International Development Assistance program. Although some countries qualify for these interest free credit, they often resort to borrowing funds because IDA funds are limited and based on a first come first serve basis.
Countries that have both IDA and loans for the purpose of healthcare for citizens are under what is referred to as an IDA blend. It is referred to in this manner because the terms under which the funds are borrowed is a mixture of the ID and those of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)…...
mlaWorks Cited
Bambra, C., Debbie Fox, Alex Scott-Samuel. (2003) Towards a New Politics of Health. Retrieved on December 11, 2009 from: http: / / eres.welch.jhmi.edu / eres / docs/4464 / bambra_2003_1.pdf
Banerji D. (2006) Serious Crisis in the Practice of International Health by the World Health Organization: The Commission on Social Determinants of Health. International Journal of Health Services, Volume 36 (4), 637 -- 650,
Muntaner, C., Salazar, R.M.G.,Benach, J., Armada F. Venezuela's Barrio Adentro. (2006) An Alternative to Neoliberalism in Health Care. International Journal of Health Services, Volume 36 (4). 803 -- 811,
Navarro, V. (2007) What is a National Health Policy. International Journal of Health Services, 37 (1) 1 -- 14
hen the legislation came up for a vote it passed the House 220-215. In the Senate, the vote passed easily as the Democrats held a strong majority. In both votes, just one Republican voted for the Affordable Act. The limitations of the American system are many, but money plays a vital role in any legislation. Millions of dollars went into lobbying against the bill (insurers, conservative special interest groups, etc.). Conservative media like Fox News, Rush Limbaugh, and others, authored smears about the legislation; for example, Sarah Palin and others insisted there was a "death panel" measure in the bill that would give doctors the right to say certain aged people need to be put to death, a patently false and absurd notion. The latest round of attacks are being launched by the Republican majority in the House, which voted to repeal the Affordable Care Act in February 2011, 245-189.…...
mlaWorks Cited
CNN.com (2008). Town Hall meeting on health care turns ugly. Retrieved February 18, 2011,
From http://www.cnn.com/2009/politics/08/07/health.care.scuffles/index.html.
Fox News. (2010). Audience Shouts Down Sebelius, Specter at Health Care Town Hall in Philadelphia. Retrieved February 17, 2011, from http://www.foxnews.com .
The New York Times. (2009). Fight in August. Retrieved February 18, 2011, from http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com.
Health Policy
Andrew MacAfee: What will future jobs look like?
In the video, the economist Andrew MacAfee considers the future of business and work in a world in which automation and robotics are developing rapidly. He suggests that the world of work and business is about the face drastic changes, and probably within our lifetime. Because the economy will be driven by these changes, Mr. McAfee suggests that there may be severe challenges ahead for skilled workers and other professionals. Because many, or even most, jobs we know today will be automated in the near future, the main requirement is to modify education courses to stimulate entrepreneurship and creativity in students. It is important to help young people today to cope with these changes in the future.
Important Points
Current jobs will probably be taken over by androids; or at least the ones we know today.
A different type of education will be needed to…...
They also represent the citizens of the nation, so their membership is broad; even if a person is not a "card carrying" member of the ACLU, they still represent their rights. Accordingly, much of the structure is made up of legal professionals, as much of the work they do takes place in the courts.
The ACLU is financed by private donations and through membership dues. Anyone is eligible to join, and the group encourages monthly "gifts" as part of its donation structure. Finally, all of these elements join in the mission and purpose of the group. They must have funding for their fight to continue, they have an organized and broad structure for delivery, they entitle all the people of the U.S. To their basic Constitutional rights, they offer a variety of services and benefits, and they have a distinct mission and purpose. Their policy thus qualifies under the six…...
mlaReferences
Editors. (2007). Free speech. Retrieved from the ACLU.org Web site: May 2007.http://www.aclu.org/freespeech/index.html23
Health Policy Economics class. Master Degree level. It 8-12 pages long 10 resources. The topic Over-Utilization Emergency oom Services. I uploading project details.
eliance on emergency departments for non-emergent services has been on the increase with many people visiting them since they provide timely access to primary care. The 1985 Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) mandated Medicare institutions to provide emergency departments for patients despite their regardless of their ability to pay for these services. Many of the uninsured or underinsured thus find these emergency rooms as the most convenience sources of health care. Overutilization of emergency rooms is a vicious cycle as a result of increasing health care costs that are associated with this phenomenon. Three possible solutions to this problem are identified which are health care homes, retail clinics and telehealth with the best solution being the health care homes.
Overutilization of emergency room services
Problem statement
Overutilization…...
mlaReferences
Blackstone, E.A., Buck, A.J., & Simon, H. (2007). The Economics of Emergency Response. Policy Sciences, 40(4), 313-334. doi: 10.2307/25474342
Brailsford, S.C., Lattimer, V.A., Tarnaras, P., & Turnbull, J.C. (2004). Emergency and On-Demand Health Care: Modelling a Large Complex System. The Journal of the Operational Research Society, 55(1), 34-42. doi: 10.2307/4101825
Bristol, N. (2006). Overtaxed U.S. emergency care system needs reorganisation. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 332(7556), 1468. doi: 10.2307/25689667
Carey, K., Burgess, J.F., & Young, G.J. (2009). Single Specialty Hospitals and Service Competition. Inquiry, 46(2), 162-171. doi: 10.2307/29773415
Week 2 and 3 DiscussionAssignment 1The role of the U.S. governments legislative body, i.e. Congress, in matters revolving around Health Policy happens to be critical. This is more so the case given that the two chambers of Congress are often involved in not only the debate, but also the voting on legislation. The two chambers are the Senate and the House of Representatives. In the words of Wilensky and Teitelbaum (2019), legislation considered by Congress may be either a resolution or a bill, each of which serves different functions (p. 117). Examples of recent bills on this front are inclusive of H.R. 941 TRANSPLANT Act of 2021 (sponsored by Rep. Doris Matsui) and the H.R. 1371: Crush the Virus Act of 2021 (sponsored by Rep. Tom Reed) (GovTrack, 2021). The various congressional committees play an instrumental role with regard to the more detailed examination of the relevant issues. In some…...
mlaReferences
Arora, V. (2015). The Challenge of Understanding Health Care Costs and Charges. AMA Journal of Ethics, 17(11), 1046-1052.
Barber, S.L., Lorenzoni, L. & Ong. P. (2019). Price setting and price regulation in health care: Lessons for advancing Universal Health Coverage. OECD. https://www.oecd.org/health/health-systems/OECD-WHO-Price-Setting-Summary-Report.pdf
Buck, C. (2020). Democrats vs. Republicans: What Is Their Stance on Healthcare? Rantt Media. https://rantt.com/democrats-vs-republicans-healthcare
GovTrack (2021). Health. https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/subjects/health/6130
H..
Health Policy and Politics
In Support of H.. 80: Triple-Negative Breast Cancer esearch and Education Act of 2013
Sender's Name
Sender's Address
Tel [HIDDEN]
Honorable Kathy Castor
14th District of Florida
4144 N. Armenia Ave., Suite 300
Tel [HIDDEN]
In Support of H.. 80: Triple-Negative Breast Cancer esearch and Education Act of 2013
Dear Mrs. Castor:
I am writing to urge your support for H.. 80, a bill sponsored by epresentative Sheila Lee (D, TX) and introduced into the House Energy & Commerce Committee on January 3, 2013. The title of the bill is "Triple-Negative Breast Cancer esearch and Education Act of 2013" and its goal is to provide funding for additional research into triple-negative breast cancer. The bill also authorizes funding to support the gathering of evidenced-based information about triple-negative breast cancer and its dissemination to the public and medical care providers, with the goal of increasing early detection and lowering the prevalence of triple-negative diagnoses.
According to breast cancer…...
mlaReferences
CDC (2013). Age-adjusted invasive cancer incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals by state. National Program of Cancer Registries, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 29 Jan. 2013 from / cancersrankedbystate.aspx#Footnotes.http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/uscs
Chu, Quyen D., Henderson, Amanda E., Ampil, Fred, and Li, Benjamin D.L. (2012). Outcome for patients with triple-negative breast cancer is not dependent on race/ethnicity. International Journal of Breast Cancer, 2012, doc. # 764570.
Fessler, Pam. (2013, Jan. 30). Study: Nearly half in U.S. lack financial safety net. Morning Edition, National Public Radio. Retrieved 30 Jan. 2013 from / 01/30/170561872/study-nearly-half-in-u-s-lack-financial-safety-net.http://www.npr.org/2013
Fornier, Monica and Fumoleau, Pierre. (2011). The paradox of triple negative breast cancer: Novel approaches to treatment. Breast Journal, 18(1), 41-51.
Healthcare Healthcare 2Healthcare1. Determine which of the statements you agree should be used to define Health Policy in the United States?The health policy in the United States of America should be described by the statement that health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (Obama, 2016). It shows that health is the total social, psychological and physical wellbeing. A person is considered healthy when he is socially, mentally, and physically well. When people are free of diseases, they become mentally stable, and the people must stay social to ensure that people are in good health. Life without good health is similar to an army without soldiers, which means health is essential in peoples lives (Obama, 2016). When people lead a healthy lifestyle, the body stays healthy, and the mind is fresh and active. A healthy life is related…...
mlaReferences
Birk H. S. (2016). United States National Healthcare Policies 2015: An Analysis with Implications for the Future of Medicine. Cureus, 8(1), e451. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.451
McLaughlin, C. P., & McLaughlin, C. D. (2009). Health policy analysis: An interdisciplinary approach: An interdisciplinary approach. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Obama B. (2016). The United States Health Care Reform: Progress to Date and Next Steps. JAMA, 316(5), 525–532. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.9797
Week 6 AssignmentWrite an essay about a current event elated to health policy. It could be local, state, national, or internationalOn 11th March 2021, a $1.9 trillion Covid-19 Stimulus Bill was signed into law by President Joe Biden. In essence, the said bill seeks to deliver direct and immediate relief to workers and families impacted by the Covid19 pandemic. Among the core provisions of the Bill, which was passed by Democrats in Congress without a Republican vote, is an incentive to encourage the various states that have not undertaken to expand Medicaid coverage under the Affordable Care Act of 2010 to consider making such a move. The provision is based on the Federal Medial Assistance Percentage (FMAP), which as Rudowitz, Corallo & Garfield (2021) observe happens to be the total amount advanced to states by the federal government to ensure their Medicaid programs are funded. The FMAP is 90 percent…...
mlaReferences
Mazurenko, O., Balio, C. P., Agarwal, R., Caroll, A. E., & Manachemi, N. (2018). The Effects of Medicaid Expansion under the ACA. A Systematic Review. Health Affairs, 37(6), 944-50.
Rudowitz, R., Corallo, B., & Garfield, R. (2021). New Incentive for States to Adopt the ACA Medicaid Expansion: Implications for State Spending. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.kff.org/medicaid/issue-brief/new-incentive-for-states-to-adopt-the-aca-medicaid-expansion-implications-for-state-spending/
Ollove, M. (2021). Covid19 Relief Package Includes Expansion of Healthcare Coverage. PEW Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2021/02/18/covid-19-relief-package-includes-expansion-of-health-care-coverage
Sohn, H., & Timmermans, S. (2017). Social Effects of Healthcare Reform: Medicaid Expansion under the Affordable Care Act and Changes in Volunteering. Socius, 3(1), doi: 0.1177/2378023117700903
Health Policy Values
My Personal Values and Spiritual Beliefs
Values and beliefs are an integral and imperative element in the life of any individual and play a vital role in one's growth and development. All human beings have their own beliefs, values, and outlooks that alter over time. In turn, these elements have a substantial influence on a person's capacity to understand, evaluate, and make decisions. They not only fashion the present moment but also the future. My personal belief is that it is imperative to be respectful and considerate to every individual. I believe this makes it possible to not only have self-respect but also respect others and understand other people's situations. With regard to my spiritual belief, my mantra is that every being on this world has the right to live and is equal in every aspect. These personal and spiritual beliefs have been important in my development and growth…...
mlaReferences
Barker, A. M. & Denisco, S. M (2013). Advanced Practice Nursing: Evolving Roles for the Transformation of the Profession (2nd ed.). Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett.
Milstead, J. A. (2013). Health Policy and Politics: A Nurse's Guide (4th ed.). Massachusetts: Jones & Barlett.
Speaking Truth to Health Policy: Helping Veterans eadjust
Every day, at least 20 combat veterans commit suicide in the United States, or one veteran every 65 seconds (Shane & Kime, 2016). This alarming trend is attributable in large part to the symptoms that many people suffer from after experiencing traumatic episodes in their lives. Drawing on the sources of power enumerated by Mason, Gardner, Hopkins Outlaw and O'Grady (2016).This paper provides a current description concerning the health policy adopted by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in response to this nation-wide problem to determine how the situation could benefit from having nurses speak truth to power. Finally, a summary of the research and important findings concerning this issue are presented in the conclusion.
The condition currently known as posttraumatic stress disorder is certainly not a new construct. In World War I, the condition was termed "shell shock" and in World War II…...
mlaReferences
Bare, S. (2015, June 2). The truth about 22 veterans suicides a day. Task & Purpose. Retrieved from http://taskandpurpose.com/truth-22-veteran-suicides-day/ .
List of nursing organizations. (2016). Nurse.org. Retrieved from http://nurse.org/orgs.shtml .
Miller, J. (2013, May-June). Veterans on trial: The coming court battles over PTSD. Military Review, 93(3), 92-94.
Shane, L. & Kime, P. (2016, July 7). New VA study finds 20 veterans commit suicide each day. Military Times. Retrieved from va-suicide-20-daily-research/86788332/.http://www.militarytimes.com/story/veterans/2016/07/07/
Health Policy and Law Formation:
The process of legislation is characterized with some similarities and differences depending on the specific lawmaking body and the manner through which policymakers are elected and their respective functions and work. Generally, this legislative process includes drafting the bill, introduction of the bill to the respective house, discussions regarding it, any amendments, voting, and enactment into law or vetoed. In addition to undergoing this process, the formation of a public policy or law experiences various challenges depending on the specific state and municipality where the policy is formed.
In relation to public health policy, such laws originate from various sources before proceeding to policy development, which follows several stages. Some of these major stages in policy development include problem identification, setting of agenda, formation of the policy, implementation of the policy, policy evaluation, and policy termination or change. On an issue of health promotion or public health…...
mlaReferences:
Evans, C.H. & Degutis, L.C. (2003, December). What it Takes for Congress to Act. American
Journal of Health Promotion, 18(2), 177-181.
Megerian, C. & Renshaw, J. (2011, June 24). N.J. Assembly Passes Landmark Employee Benefits
Overhaul. Retrieved June 19, 2014, from http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/06/assembly_passes_landmark_emplo.html
1. The Role of Exercise in Preventing Cardiovascular Disease in Men: A Comprehensive Examination
Introduction: Highlight the prevalence and impact of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among men and emphasize the role of exercise as a preventive measure.
Body:
Discuss the physiological mechanisms by which exercise improves cardiovascular health, including increased blood flow, improved blood pressure regulation, and enhanced lipid profiles.
Explore the specific types and intensities of exercise that are most effective in reducing CVD risk.
Review evidence from clinical trials and observational studies demonstrating the association between regular exercise and lower incidence of CVD events.
Conclusion: Summarize the key findings supporting the protective....
1. The Global Impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on Public Health and Wellbeing
2. Understanding the Devastating Effects of COVID-19 on Individuals' Physical and Mental Health
3. The Immediate and Long-term Health Consequences of the Coronavirus Pandemic
4. Examining the Social and Psychological Implications of COVID-19 on Individuals' Wellbeing
5. The Role of Healthcare Systems in Addressing the Health Needs of Those Affected by COVID-19
6. Coping Strategies for Maintaining Health and Wellbeing During the Pandemic
7. The Intersection of Public Health and Economic Wellbeing in the Wake of COVID-19
8. Addressing Health Disparities and Inequities Exposed by the Coronavirus Crisis
9. Assessing the Psychological Toll of COVID-19 on....
Historical Perspectives on Alcohol Consumption
The Evolution of Social Drinking Customs: From Ancient Rituals to Modern Culture
Alcohol Prohibition: A Comparative Analysis of Global Experiments
The Role of Alcohol in Colonialism and Empire Building
The Temperance Movement and its Impact on American Society
The History of Alcohol Taxation and Regulation
Health and Society
Alcoholism and Addiction: A Biopsychosocial Perspective
The Effects of Alcohol on Physical and Mental Health
Alcohol-Related Violence and Crime: Causes and Consequences
Alcohol and Public Health Policy: Balancing Individual Rights and Social Responsibility
The Social Stigma of Alcohol Use: Its Impact on Individuals and Communities
Cultural and Literary Depictions....
I. Introduction
A. Definition of climate change
B. Importance of recognizing the impact on health and well-being
II. The relationship between climate change and health
A. Increase in extreme weather events and their effects on health
1. Heatwaves and risk of heatstroke and dehydration
2. Flooding and increased risk of waterborne diseases
B. Impact on mental health
1. Anxiety and stress due to climate-related disasters
2. Increased risk of depression due to loss of livelihoods
III. Effects on vulnerable populations
A. Children
1. Increased risk of malnutrition
2. Mental....
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