They would sometimes be using the school curriculum as an excuse to hack pertinent information that are government or privately owned. At some point, these students would be challenging themselves if they will be able to create and send unnecessary information (such as computer viruses) to other computer systems. This will provide extreme joy and satisfaction for these students. However, the issue here lies on how can this be prevented by education facilitators?
Creating programs and knowing various techniques of getting into different computer systems is necessary for the curriculum. This is part of the training for the students. If the teachers would stop training the students regarding programming, then what will happen to the future of the computers?

On the Public

Computer hacking is normally done anonymously. It being anonymous creates triggers more actions from the public.

For example, an adolescent who would never consider picking someone's pocket or physically damaging someone…...

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Works Cited

Chanen, David. (12 September 2000). "Man accused of hacking into nuclear weapons lab; Federal agents arrested a Bloomington resident they say got into computers in California. National security wasn't threatened, FBI says." Star Tribune. Minneapolis, MN

Hackers" (2006). [Online available]

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_hacking 

Hacker: Computer Security" (2006). [Online available] ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_ (computer_security)

Hacker
Hacking, Web Usage and the Internet Hierarchy

Computer hacking is perceived as a crime and is frequently motivated by economic interests such as the stealing of personal and credit information, or by ideological interests such as the disruption of a company's service or the acquisition of classified information from government or corporate sites.

However, hacking is also quite frequently used as an instrument for the expression of political, philosophical and practical frustrations. As a result, hacking has become the province of a number of highly intelligent, skilled and sophisticated groups designed to invoke public scrutiny of our society, our leaders and the direction of our world as a whole. Even in their criminality, such hackers appear to carry forward meaningful ideas.

Slide

Among such groups, few have been more salient or effective in this than the 'Anonymous' organization. So tells the presentation by Misha Glenny during a recent TED Convention speech. Glenny describes Anonymous…...

For his activities, he was banned from using the Oxford University computers. Here he also built his first computer from scratch, using a soldering iron, TTL gates, and M6800 processor and a television.
Later, Berners-Lee worked with CERN, a nuclear research organization in Europe. Here he created a hypertext prototype system to facilitate sharing and updating information. Later, Berners-Lee combined hypertext with the Internet, and the World Wide Web was born. At MIT, he also founded the World Wide Web Consortium, or W3C.

Linus Torvalds is a white hat hacker who is credited with the creation of the Linux operating system. He began his computer career with a Commodore VIC-20, after which he worked with a inclair QL, which he modified extensively. In 1991, Torvalds created the Linux kernel, inspired by the Minix operating system. An interesting fact is that Torvalds only wrote about 2% of the current Linux kernel himself.…...

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Sources

Hackingalert.com. "History of Hacking." http://www.hackingalert.com/hacking-articles/history-of-hacking.php

Tippit, Inc. "Top Ten Most Famous Hackers of All Time."  http://www.itsecurity.com/features/top-10-famous-hackers-042407/ 

Trigaux, Robert. "A History of Hacking." St. Petersburg Times. 2000.  http://www.sptimes.com/Hackers/history.hacking.html

Computer Hacking, Electronic Surveillance and the Movie Sneakers
Sneakers

Sneakers (1992), directed by Phil Alden obinson, begins in December of 1969 as college students Martin Brice and his friend Cosmo are hacking into government and other computer networks and manipulating financial accounts by transferring funds from the epublican National Committee to the Black Panther Party and so forth as what is later termed a "prank." When Brice leaves to get a pizza the police come and arrest Cosmo and Brice goes on the run.

The action then advances twenty years into the future and we find Brice, now using the name Bishop, heading a group of security specialists in San Francisco for hire by companies to test the integrity of their physical and electronic security systems. Martin is approached by two men claiming to work for the National Security Agency (NSA) who tell him that they know of his real identity and in…...

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References

Oak, M. (2011, September 23). What are the effects of computer hacking? Buzzle.com. Retrieved April 16, 2012, from  http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-are-the-effects-of-computer-hacking.html 

Robinson, P.A. (Director). (1992). Sneakers. [Motion picture]. United States: Universal Pictures.

Stanley, J. & Steinhardt, B. (2003, January). Bigger monster, weaker chains: The growth of American surveillance society. American Civil Liberites Union. Retrieved April 17, 2012 from  http://www.aclu.org/technology-and-liberty/bigger-monster-weaker-chains-growth-american-surveillance-society

Hacking the AIS Technological advancements have predisposed many businesses across the globe to challenges related to system manipulation and hacking. Connectivity technology and the internet have eliminated almost all communication barriers that businesses and individuals faced previously. Some of the dangers and risks associated with these advancements include an increase in cyber criminals who invade into the private databases of companies and individuals. For this assignment, I will focus on JP Morgan hacking. This company is the most recent example of how a serious data breach can cause harm to not only the business but to also millions of individuals. The essay discusses the responsibility of the software provider in ensuring that the entity and its customers are guaranteed that their information is protected. Some of proposals are given for businesses such as JP Morgan so that they can ensure that their systems cannot be manipulated in future.
Background Information on JP…...

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References

Rajagopal, ., & Behl, R. (2016). Business analytics and cybersecurity management in organizations. Hershey: Business Science Reference.

Phys.org, (November 10, 2015). JP Morgan Chase breach was among the biggest in recent years. Phys.org - Science and Technology News, 2015-11.

In Bryant, M. (March 10, 2016). How to stay ahead of cybercriminals in the data breach era. Thenextweb.com, 2016-3.

 

Asset Descriptions
Computer Server

A computer server is basically a fancier computer that serves as a centralized point for one or more functions that are used by one or more workstations, commonly referred to as clients. Servers can be used as launch points for applications, as a place to store files and so forth. For example, a Citrix server could be set up so as to allow people to use their "2nd Desktop" web portal. This allows people to log into the server and use applications online even without the program files and so forth being on the local workstation that is using the program (Citrix, 2015).

Personnel Files

Personnel files are those that relate to the employment records of an employee. Examples of personnel records could and would commonly include I-9 forms, W-4 forms, W-2/W-3 forms, performance reviews, any records of disciplinary action, job applications, wage and compensation information and so forth. Particular…...

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References

Citrix. (2015). Leader in mobility, virtualization, networking and cloud services - Citrix. Citrix.com. Retrieved 13 December 2015, from  http://citrix.com 

MIT. (2015). Viruses, Spyware, and Malware. Information Systems & Technology. Retrieved 13 December 2015, from  https://ist.mit.edu/security/malware 

SHRM. (2015). Personnel Records: What should, and should not, be included in the personnel file?. Shrm.org. Retrieved 13 December 2015, from  http://www.shrm.org/templatestools/hrqa/pages/includedinpersonnelfile.aspx 

Zengerle, P. (2015). Millions more Americans hit by government personnel data hack. Reuters. Retrieved 13 December 2015, from  http://www.reuters.com/article/us-cybersecurity-usa-idUSKCN0PJ2M420150709

Anonymous is one of the groups that can be seen as participating in this form of hacktivism, as is ikileaks.
ikileaks is probably the best know hactivist site to the general public because of the sheer volume of political information that it has made public and because of the unapologetic nature of the owner of the site. This is unfortunate in many ways because it has given individuals a false view of what hacktivism is because Julian Assange seems to have been motivated more often by pique than by genuine political concerns for making the world a better place. This is not, as one might guess, how the ikileaks founder sees the nature of his mission.

ikileaks, like Anonymous, is based on the idea that information -- all information -- should be available to everyone. This is a radical claim, and indeed resembles radical claims made by groups in the 1960s…...

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Works Cited

"Analysis: WikiLeaks -- a new face of cyber-war?" Reuters.   Retrieved 8 May 2012.http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/12/09/us-wikileaks-cyberwarfare-amateur-idUSTRE6B81K520101209 .

The Atlantic Wire.   Retrieved 10 Mary 2012.http://www.theatlanticwire.com/technology/2011/07/did-lulzsec-trick-police-arresting-wrong-guy/40522/ .

Castells, Manuel. The Internet galaxy: Reflections on the Internet, business, and society. Oxford: Oxford: Oxford UP, 2001.

Old-time hacktivists: Anonymous, you've crossed the line. CNET News March 30, 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2012.

Hacktivism
Securing the Electronic Frontier

Consider how cybercrime is defined and how it relates to the issue Internet vulnerabilities.

Cybercrime is any illegal or illicit activity which is mediated by internet usage and which is aimed at accessing, stealing or destroying online data. This may include hacking of government websites, phishing scams, disruption of commercial service sites or penetration of privately held databases containing personal information about private citizens. The presentation given by Hypponen (2011) at a recent TED conference helps to underscore the vulnerabilities to which the Internet exposes us, indicating that both our privacy and our financial security are at risk on the web. Cybercrime presents an ongoing challenge to database hosting services, commercial entities, political organizations and government agencies, all of which must find a balance between creating user-friendly, accessible web experiences and establishing fortified defenses against potential breaches of privacy, security or stability.

2. hat are trespass, unauthorized access, and…...

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Works Cited:

Goel, S. (2011). Cyberwarfare: Connecting the Dots in Cyber Intelligence. Communications of the ACM, 54(8).

Hypponen, M. (2011). Three types of online attack. TED.com. Retrieved on June 16, 2012 at  http://www.ted.com/talks/mikko_hypponen_three_types_of_online_attack.html 

Spinello, R.A. (2004). Reading in Cyber ethics (2nd ed.). (4th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. Chapter 5

Spinello, R.A. (2011).Cyberethics - Morality and Law in Cyberspace (4th ed.). (4th Ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. Chapter 6

Such people may not geneally take shelte unde the canopy of hackes but as a esult of the moe seious attibutes of thei motivation. (Hacke Motivation) Most of the people ae anxious about the pobability of being an objective fo exploitation by a hacke. It is quite nomal that if a compute has been installed fo home use and only connected to the Intenet fo two hous once a week, then it is not vulneable to be a victim of a hacke. Application of such judgment makes it possible to indicate the vulneability of being hacked, basing on the level of Intenet exposue, as high-isk and low isk and the Intenet Secuity fims ae most common victims fo the hackes.
The High pofile media-fiendly victims ae inclusive of the lage copoation's sites, political paty sites; celebity sites, etc. which ae vulneable to the assaults. Any body having thei own website,…...

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references and Deter Computer Crime" Yale Law Journal. Vol: 112; No: 1; pp: 47-51

Hacker Culture and Mitigation in the International Systems
The explosion of the internet technology in the contemporary business and IT environments has assisted more than 300 million computer users to be connected through a maze of internet networks. Moreover, the network connectivity has facilitated the speed of communication among businesses and individuals. (Hampton, 2012). Despite the benefits associated with the internet and network technologies, the new technologies have opened the chance for hackers to attack the information systems of business organizations and collect sensitive information worth millions of dollars. Each year, businesses have been a victim of cyber-attacks in the United States. As an increasing number of people and businesses own internet-enabled devices, more businesses have become a victim of cyber-attacks, which has become a critical concern in the business and governmental environments. (Hacker news, n.d.).

The objective of this paper is to analyze the cyber incidents of the Sony Corporation and…...

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Reference

Atkinson, S (2015). Psychology and the hacker - Psychological Incident Handling. Sans Institute.

Christopher, A. & Vasili, M. (2006). The KGB and the World: The Mitrokhin Archive II. Penguin. 41: 120-1.

FBI (2014). Update on Sony Investigation. Federal Bureau of Investigation. USA.

Fotinger, C.S. & Ziegler, W.(2004). Understanding a hacker's mind -- A psychological insight into the hijacking of identities. Donau-Universitat Krems. Commissioned by RSA Security.

Hacktavist AttacksHacktivist Attacks Show Ease of Hacking Industrial Control Systemshttps://www.securityweek.com/hacktivist-attacks-show-ease-hacking-industrial-control-systemsAn ongoing problem since 2016 and reported especially 2020 and September 2022, pro-Palestine hacktivist group named GhostSec and a group named Gonjeshke Darande along with others hacked state infrastructure with moderate cyber sophistication, focusing on unprotected ICS or IoT devices that are exposed to the internet. They typically rely on open ports, publicly available tools, and they typically operate for short periods of time to achieve a specific goal. They have attacked infrastructure in Israel and Iran and elsewhere in order to protest against state aggression committed by Israel, Iran or other state targets. This is important because they cause mainly localized disruption and other effects that can also lead to major consequences jeopardizing public safety. One possible solution is for states to perform cyber assessments: these attacks can be easily mitigated by securing internet access, hardening authentication mechanisms, performing basic…...

Global Payments Hack
With the new advancements of technology comes the many risks and dangers is also carries along. The evolution of the internet and connect-ability technology has brought everyone closer and has nearly eliminated many communication barriers that have been present throughout recorded history. These new advances have also accompanied a rise in cyber criminals, wishing to invade a person's or business' digital information. The purpose of this essay is to examine computer hacking and hacking processes that pose risks and dangers to society. The essay will use the company Global Payments as an example of how a hacking problems effects many and highlights the dangers involved in our digital world.

This essay will view Global Payments and their hacking problem from a third party accounting system point-of-view. The company's security assessment will be analyzed and different software issues will be discussed. Finally the essay will conclude by offering recommendations to…...

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References

Dignan, L. (2012). Cost of Global Payments hack likely manageable. CNet, 1 April, 2013. Retrieved from   payments-hack-likely-manageable/http://news.cnet.com/8301-1009_3-57407787-83/cost-of-global -

Dubois, S. (2011). What it actually takes to prevent a hack attack. CNN, 11 July 2011. Retrieved from prevent-a-hack-attack/http://management.fortune.cnn.com/2011/07/11/what-it-actually-takes-to-

Global Payments Website. Viewed 1 May 2013. Retrieved from  http://www.globalpaymentsinc.com/USA/productsServices/index.html 

Kitten, T. (2013). Global Closes Breach Investigation. Bank Info Security, 15 April 2013. Retrieved from 5684http://www.bankinfosecurity.com/global-closes-breach-investigation-a-

Aircraft Flight Disturbance
Internal Memo:

Lessons Learned From September 26th O'Hare International Airport Incident

Senior Management

ecommendations to Avert Widespread Flight Disturbances

On September 26th, 2014, both O'Hare and Midway airports experienced a day-long disruption of operations that led to over 2,000 flights being cancelled and the entire nation affected by the disruption of operations. An employee with psychological problems intent on killing himself started a fire in the basement telecommunications room of the Aurora, Illinois control center, then attempted to slit his throat. After posting his suicide note on Facebook, relatives called 911 and both his life and the control center were saved. The fire damaged the most critical areas of the IT infrastructure for air traffic control for both the O'Hare and Midway airports, forcing air traffic control locations in adjacent states to take on one of the busiest areas of the country for air travel. The lack of IT controls in place…...

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References

Cavusoglu, H., Mishra, B., & Raghunathan, S. (2005). The value of intrusion detection systems in information technology security architecture. Information Systems Research, 16(1), 28-46.

Crockett, B. (1988). People, not systems, key to network security. Network World, 5(12), 17.

Deane, F., Barrelle, K., Henderson, R., & Mahar, D. (1995). Perceived acceptability of biometric security systems. Computers & Security, 14(3), 225.

Lynch, D.M. (2006). Securing Against Insider Attacks. EDPACS, 34(1), 10-20.

White Hat
Ethical hacking is the act of having individuals who are professionals on how computer and networks systems work seek vulnerabilities and deficiencies in a network computer's security system so that they may know how and what other computer hackers can and cannot break into (Bishop 2007). This type of hacking is done so that companies themselves could know what information is more vulnerable than others, and how secure their security systems actually are. Ethical hackers attempt to break into data systems in a non-malicious way so that they may know how much others who do have bad intentions can access (Palmer 2001). The individual who conducts this ethical hacking is sometimes referred to as a "white hat" as opposed to a "black hat" which are both references from Western movies depicting the "good guy" and the "bad guy." In order for a network to be truly secure, it must…...

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References:

Palmer, C.C. (2001). Ethical hacking. IBM Systems Journal. 40(1): 769-780.

Bishop, M. (2007). About penetration testing. Security and Privacy IEEE. 5(6): 84-87.

Whitman, M.E. (2011). An etymiological view of ethical hacking. In Whitman M.E., & Mattord, H.J. (Eds.) Readings and cases in information security: Law and ethics. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

Caldwell, T. (2011). Ethical hackers: Putting on the white hat. Net work Security. 7: 10-13.

Cyber warfare, a term defined by Clarke (2010) as an action of a nation-state to effectively penetrate another nation's computer resources or networks for the sole purpose of causing malicious damage or even disruption is a major cause of national and global security concerns (p.6).In this paper, we identify some cyber warfare tools (either Attack, Defense, Exploitation), and write a scenario to execute the tools. We also identify if the tool is for UNIX or Windows hacks, outer Attacks, etc. Also identified is why you would want to use the tool as opposed to another tool which may conduct the same form, via comparison and contrast.
Cyber warfare tools

These are the tools that are used in carrying out cyber warfare activities. They may either be attack tools, defense tools as well as exploitation tools.

Exploitation tools

Vulnerability exploitation tools are the tools that are used for gathering information on a given network. These…...

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References

Andress, J., Winterfeld, S (2011). Cyber Warfare, Techniques, Tactics and Tools for Security Practitioners. 1st Ed. Elsevier

Clarke, R A. (2010).Cyber War, Harper Collins.

SecTool (2012). SecTools.Org: Top 125 Network Security Tools. Available online at  http://sectools.org/tag/sploits/ 

Tenable (2012a).Tenable Network Security. Available online at  http://www.tenable.com/products/nessus

1. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Cybersecurity Measures
2. Ethical Hacking: Balancing Privacy and Security in the Digital Age
3. The Implications of Cybersecurity Breaches on National Security
4. Cybersecurity Threats and Challenges in the Healthcare Industry
5. The Impact of Cybercrime on Small Businesses and Ways to Mitigate Risks
6. Cybersecurity and the Internet of Things: Risks and Solutions
7. The Role of Government and Law Enforcement Agencies in Preventing Cybercrimes
8. Cybersecurity in the Age of Remote Work: Challenges and Best Practices
9. Cybersecurity Awareness and Education: Filling the Gap in Digital Literacy
10. Cybersecurity Regulations and Compliance: Balancing Security and Innovation
....

The Perils of Digital Identity: Exploring the Complexities of Internet Stalking

Introduction
In the labyrinthine realm of the Internet, the boundaries between anonymity and intimacy blur, giving rise to a menacing phenomenon known as internet stalking. This insidious practice, characterized by persistent online harassment, threats, and surveillance, has emerged as a pervasive threat to individuals' safety and well-being. This essay delves into the complex and thought-provoking issues surrounding internet stalking, examining its legal, ethical, and psychological implications.

Legal Dimensions
Internet stalking, often referred to as cyberstalking, poses significant legal challenges. Defining and prosecuting this crime can be complex due to the elusive nature of....

1. Legal and liability issues: Determining who is responsible in the event of an accident involving a self-driving car may be complex and could potentially lead to lengthy legal battles.

2. Privacy concerns: Self-driving cars collect and store vast amounts of data about their surroundings and passengers. Ensuring the protection of this data and preventing unauthorized access to it is crucial for maintaining individual privacy.

3. Job displacement: With the rise of self-driving cars, there may be a significant decrease in the demand for human drivers, leading to job losses and potential economic repercussions for those who rely on driving as a....

Ethical Implications of Self-Driving Cars

The autonomous revolution-driven vehicles are poised to transform the transportation landscape, offering promising benefits such as reduced traffic congestion, improved road safety, and increased accessibility for people with disabilities. However, the advent of self-driving cars also raises a myriad of ethical concerns that demand careful consideration.

1. Safety and Liability

Self-driving cars rely on complex algorithms and sensors to navigate roads. While these technologies promise to enhance safety by eliminating human error, they also introduce new challenges. Unforeseen scenarios, such as unexpected road conditions or obstacles, could lead to accidents. Determining liability in such cases becomes complex. Who....