Gandhi is one of the most celebrated and respected figures in recent history, noted for his strong religious beliefs and spirituality, his accomplishments in social theory, as well as his achievement in gaining India's independence from Britain during the Twentieth Century. In addition, Gandhi strived for peace and nonviolent means to end conflict, and many movements of the past century, including the Civil Rights Movement and the antiapartheid campaign of South Africa, were inspired by Gandhi (Prabhu 2). As a result of his efforts, the world has been forever changed by his acts of kindness in an attempt to achieve peace.
Matatma Gandhi was born into a respected Hindu family on October 2, 1869 in Porbandar, India (Frost 33). His parents Karamehand and Putlibai were convinced that their son was a gifted child and would become a heroic figure within the course of his lifetime (Frost 33). Although he was small…...
mlaWorks Cited
Frost, B. "Mahatma Gandhi: The Quiet Man Who Broke the British Empire."
Biography Magazine April 2001: 32-37.
Prabhu, J. "Gandhi: Visionary for a Globalized World." ReVision 24.1 (2001): 2-8.
Steger, M. "Mahatma Gandhi on Indian Self-rule: A Nonviolent Nationalism?" Strategies
While in South Africa, he protested against apartheid. Later, he would break caste barriers and minister to the untouchables of India, stressing the need to bring all people together under the newly developing nation-state. But Gandhi said this revelation of the oneness of all peoples only came to him after he was denied a seat on a stagecoach in South Africa. The racist driver made the young Indian lawyer sit outside in the hot sun on a long trip to Pretoria because of the color of his skin. Gandhi sued the railroad company and won. Suddenly, he found within himself new courage, the courage to be spokesman for all powerless peoples.
Gandhi drew his nonviolent philosophy from the New Testament as well as Hindu spiritual teachings, and made nonviolent, public acts of resistance the hallmark of his resistance to British rule. Later on, Gandhi's spiritual conversion involved his adoption of…...
Gandhi
One of the tenets of modernism is that politics exists in a separate sphere from daily life (Godrej, 2006). Gandhi did not believe that keeping politics separate was in any way productive. Daily life needs to be infused with politics in order to create an ideal democracy in which all the people are empowered. Therefore, one of the main reasons Gandhi did not trust modernization is that modernization represented fragmentation. Gandhi's political philosophy was rooted in Gandhi's spiritual philosophy, and his spiritual philosophy was one of unity. Gandhi attempted to show why politics and the life of common people are one and the same.
Another reason why Gandhi did not trust modernization was that modernization was about individualism. The "each man to himself" policy might work in the West, but not in India. Individualism leads to selfishness and isolation. Gandhi believed in creating a society based on togetherness and communal ideals.…...
mlaReference
Godrej, F. (2006). Nonviolence and Gandhi's truth. The Review of Politics 68(2006), 287-317.
Gandhi's Concept Of Satyagraha In Theory And Practice
Satyagraha
Gandhi's concept of Satyagraha in theory and practice
In essence, the concept of Satyagraha refers an attitude or a life philosophy that focuses on the force and power of the truth and the "soul force" that is able to overcome any adversity or obstacle. It is also a practical philosophy and was famously implemented by the developer of the concept, Mahatma Gandhi. Ghandi employed this philosophy in the Indian independence movement and in the final defeat of the British colonialism in India. This philosophy was also employed in Gandhi's opposition to the South African Apartheid regime and influenced the civil rights movement in America and the work of Martin Luther King, Jr.
In more detail, the term becomes clearer if we break it down. "Sat" refers to the concept of truth and openness, while "Ahimsa" refers to the "...refusal to inflict injury on others" (Basic…...
mlaReferences
An indefinite fast to save tigers. Retrieved from http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-19/nagpur/32316906_1_tadoba-andhari-tiger-reserve-bandu-dhotre-tadoba-tigers
Gandhi and Satyagraha. Retrieved from http://www.mapsofindia.com/personalities/gandhi/satyagarh.html
Martin Luther King's Principles of Satyagraha. Retrieved from http://satyagraha1.com/kinghow.htm
.. [they mean] absolutely nothing!...Or they means so many things, that they amount to nothing at all!" (Nietzsche, sec. 5). His major problem with the logic of the ascetic ideal seems to be that it rejects everything outside the body as unimportant, but then places a major emphasis on refraining from these unimportant things. Nietzsche sees ascetic ideals as a way for the power structure to continue to control people, and to have the people think that it is good without even realizing that they are being controlled. Furthermore, he suggests that ascetic ideals are also nihilistic (Nietzsche, sec. 26). Though his rhetoric is often as emotional as it is logical -- and sometimes more so -- Nietzsche finds a way to dismantle any concept of ascetics as moral.
Gandhi, on the other hand, does a great deal to restore (or at least to attempt to restore) a sense of morality…...
mlaWorks Cited
Gandhi, Mohandas. The Story of my Experiments with the Truth. Accessed 15 April 2009. http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/An_Autobiography_or_The_Story_of_my_Experiments_with_Truth
Nietzsche, Friedrich. On the Genealogy of Morals. Accessed 15 April 2009. http://records.viu.ca/~johnstoi/nietzsche/genealogy3.htm
(Juergensmeyer, 1984)
According to Gandhi's philosophy, the religious factualist becomes a religious innovator. This is where the facts of religion merge with contemporary concerns. Religion in turn is the codebook for moral conduct, and by introducing the element of fasting in the Satyagraha, Gandhi mixed this religious element with Satyagraha and the Satyagraha then became a search for Truth.
In a similar vein, the Gandhi-Irwin pact was established, where Gandhi agreed to abandon his disobedience movement which was held to protest against the British Government heavily taxing locals living in the coastal areas on producing salt among other injustices which Gandhi felt were unacceptable. This example goes to say that for Gandhi the Satyagrahas had a particular goal, and if it was accomplished, then the movement could be abandoned.
Additionally in 1946 he went to Bengal to declare that unless the riots ended in the area he would fast till death, and…...
mlaWorks Cited
Arnold, D. (2001). Gandhi. London: Longman.
Bombay Sarvodaya Mandal. (n.d.). Gandhi-Irwin Pact. GANDHI - a Pictorial Biography. Bombay: Gandhi Book Centre.
Erikson, E.H. (1969). Gandhi's Truth: On the Origins of Militant Nonviolence. New York: Norton.
Holmes, R.L., & Gan, B.L. (2005.). Nonviolence in theory and Practice, "Satyagraha in Action." Long Grove: Waveland Press.
Gandhi as the figure of a leader. In this sense, particular emphasis will be attributed not to certain political events in Gandhi's life but rather to conceptual ideas that shaped his purposes. The practice of non-violence for which he has become famous will be assessed as well as certain social positions and economic perceptions.
Key terms: non-violence, unity, sacrifice, truth, economy.
Gandhi was the idealist. He was neither the first nor the last to advocate for a changing of humankind and society but he was unique such as all great leaders are and, for that matter, the wholeness of us mere mortals. He was an idealist because he believed that the world can change. He was idealist in that he believed in changes for the better. His ideal was for all people to work together to achieve by means of peace mutual understanding. By all this and more, Gandhi was the…...
mlaReference List
Brown, J.M., & Parel, A.J. (Eds.). (2011). The Cambridge companion to Gandhi. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, S-o Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo, Mexico City: Cambridge University Press.
Charles, K.J. (n.y.). Five myths about Gandhian economics. Transnational Perspectives. Retrieved from http://www.transnational-perspectives.org/transnational/articles/article508.pdf
Cohen, E. (2002). Gandhi's concept of nonviolence in international relations. Glendon Journal of International Studies, 2. Retrieved from http://pi.library.yorku.ca/ojs/index.php/gjis/article/viewFile/35145/31890
Cohen, W.I. (2009). Profiles in humanity: The battle for peace, freedom, equality, and human rights. Plymouth: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Indira Gandhi can be seen as one of the most representative personalities of the post World War II India for various and numerous reasons. One of the most significant ones relates to her ability to assume a leadership position in order to drive India forward in a time when the country was seen as part of the Third World. At the same time the controversies surrounding her rule as India's prime minister took into account actions that would have otherwise been impossible unless a strong leadership character would have been visible.
The present paper focuses on the leadership of Indira Gandhi from the perspective of theories related to the subject. More precisely, it takes into account several questions. Among them, how does Gandhi's leadership practices follow the trait theory. What are significant facts that define Gandhi's leadership in terms of the skills approach? What was her followership like? What approach did…...
mlaReferences
Calvocoressi. P. (1987) World politics since 1945. New York: Longman.
Crossette, B. (2004) "India's Sikhs: Waiting for Justice" in World Politics Journal. pp74- 75. [Online] Available at: http://www.ciaonet.org/olj/wpj/summer04/wpj_summer04h.pdf
Harnik, D. (2000) "Religion and Nationalism" in India: The Case of the Punjab, Routledge, London.
Northouse, Peter G. (2013). Leadership: Theory and Practice (6th. Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
In 1934, they created the Government of India Act, "which allowed large areas to govern themselves with a degree of local independence" (Leathem 8). During the war, the government reduced many freedoms, and Gandhi and his followers continued to protest ritish intervention. During the war, Gandhi was jailed several times, and once, his wife protested so she would be jailed alongside her husband. Gandhi's health began to deteriorate as he conducted more fasts. In 1944, his wife died, and by 1947, ritain was on the verge of leaving India, but they insisted on creating the Muslim territories of Pakistan before they left India to govern herself. Gandhi and his followers had won, but the ritish created a rift that has never healed.
Gandhi was known as "Mahatma" later in life. The word is Hindu and means "of great soul" or "revered one" (Leathem 8). Gandhi died at the age of…...
mlaBibliography on Mahatma Gandhi. Vol. 1. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1995.
Shepard, Mark. Gandhi Today: The Story of Mahatma Gandhi's Successors. Washington, DC: Seven Locks Press, 1987.
Talib, S. Gurbachan Singh. "Muslim League Attack on Sikhs and Hindus in the Punjab 1947." Voice of India. 2004. 8 Dec. 2004. http://voi.org/books/mla/ch6.htm
Gandhi's personal popularity among the Indian peasantry from 1915-22?
Mahatma Gandhi rose to popularity in the Indian political space especially among the peasantry population. Various factors related to his early and late political life played some role in catapulting his popularity among the Indian peasantry. During that period, the peasants suffered massively from the ruling political regime. The Indian population was subjected to unfair treatment by the British colonial government. During this period, the peasants had one goal of eliminating the famous Tinkhathia system. The system represented the obligatory involvement the peasants where they would surrender part of their farm holdings and proceeds to the Britons without any proper form of proper compensation. Besides, they also sought to initiate an uprising that would end the exploitation by the British planters in the form of tax payments. Not only was their suffering limited to the exploitation by the British colonial government…...
mlaWorks Cited
Gandhi, M.K. An Autobiography: The Story of My Experiments with Truth. Translated by Mahadev Desai. The Floating Press, 2009. Print
Reflective Essay on the Autobiography of GandhiThe story, "My experiment with Truth," an autograph on Gandhi, is marked with humility and truthfulness. Gandhi displayed his major principles of experiments with the truth, among other principles (Bhatt, n.d). Gandhi exempted impurities on his end and strove to realize the truth. He practiced and applied his knowledge of truth in everyday living. He also utilized spiritual principles in practical experiences as well as in scientific spirit. Gandhi's appeal is on readers to utilize the experiments as illustrations to propel their experiments (Gandhi, 2018).Identified as "Father of the Nation," the Indian community showed love to Gandhi, respect, and devotion in an extraordinary measure (Malinar, 2019). All thronged his way to see him or get a word from his mouth. To them, he was an incarnation of God, who came to save them from the struggles of slavery. Gandhi humbly seeded for the truth,…...
mlaReferences
Bhatt, M. D. The Story of My Experiments with Truth: An Analysis of Mahatma Gandhiji\\\\\\'s Truth.
Desai, M. (2019). Gandhi: An Autobiography.
Gandhi, M. K. (2018). Autobiography or the story of my experiments with truth. Yale University Press.
Gandhi
The year 2019 marked the 150th birthday of the “Father of the Indian Nation,” Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869- 1948), who is remembered as one among the key figures of India’s twentieth-century independence struggle. Several commemorative events were observed in the country as well as abroad in celebration of his legacy of a peaceful struggle against British colonialism and India’s ultimate freedom from colonial rule. One simply cannot underestimate the motivation provided by Gandhian nonviolence tactics to all kinds of freedom struggles to later crop up, right from the US Civil Rights Movement, other wars against colonialism (e.g., Ghana), anti-war, anti-nuclear, and peace movements, some elements of South Africa’s apartheid movement, and the latest Palestinian struggles, to the modern-day climate change-related Extinction Rebellion (Ahmed, 2019).
The degree of peaceful resistance employed against colonial forces was different for different nations: peaceful resistance was, perhaps, most actively utilized in the Netherlands, Norway, Denmark, and Belgium. The…...
However, he was not the only person that had this type of opinion. Jack Kerouac also shared much of the dissent and concern that Hemingway had for the civilization in the West, although his views were not the same as Gandhi's.
Kerouac felt that Western civilization was becoming apocalyptic and would basically self-destruct. Of course, this has not really happened, but yet in some ways it has. People in the Western world are still very uncivilized in many ways and the civilization that they do have is showing signs of fraying around the edges. Gandhi's opinion that the West needs to be civilized has obviously been shared by many other individuals, although their opinions of what needs to be done and how it should be done are somewhat different.
ibliography
Gandhi on Western Civilization. (n.d.) http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/will/CPP/gandhi.html
Simmons, ud. (2006). The decline of Western civilization. Word Press. http://bsimmons.wordpress.com/2006/11/09/the-decline-of-western-civilization-a-historical-time-line-now-add-nov-7th-2006...
mlaBibliography
Gandhi on Western Civilization. (n.d.) http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/will/CPP/gandhi.html
Simmons, Bud. (2006). The decline of Western civilization. Word Press. http://bsimmons.wordpress.com/2006/11/09/the-decline-of-western-civilization-a-historical-time-line-now-add-nov-7th-2006
Reflection on Gandhis AutobiographyGandhi begins his autobiography by describing the family of his origin and depicts his grandfather as a man of principle. His ancestors probably had humble origins but over time they became leaders, and his grandfather, who had been a prime minister of Porbandar but who had been forced to leave because of political intrigues, demonstrated the principle of loyalty when he saluted the Nawab in the place where he took refuge with his left hand instead of his right. The reason he did this was simple: The right hand is already pledged to Porbandar (Gandhi, n.d., p. 2). This striking opening is helpful in framing the autobiography as a whole because it puts front and center, first and foremost, the notion of principles and, moreover, the notion of loyalty. This loyalty to a homeland is what would compel Gandhi throughout his adult life, especially after returning to…...
Gandhi Influenced Martin Luther King
Martin Luther King Jr. is a historical figure as he helped to win civic liberties and social equality for the Black Americans during the 1950s and 1960s. His approach towards the struggle was based on nonviolent civil disobedience as opposed to armed struggle. In that, he was inspired by the philosophy of nonviolence used by Gandhi to gain independence for India against the British. Despite belonging to two different cultures and historical periods, there is great fundamental similarity in the philosophies of both the leaders. At the same time, King adopts a more active approach and gives relatively less stress on personal suffering and endurance.
hat King adopted from Gandhi's Philosophy
Gandhi initiated the civil disobedience movement against the British rule in the Indian subcontinent. Since the British had military superiority over the local Indian population, Gandhi devised a novel and effective strategy to highlight the illegitimacy…...
mlaWorks Cited
Center for Compassionate Living. Principles of Nonviolence. Center for Compassionate Living, 2012. Accessed on 25 April 2012.
King, Mary, E. Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr.: The Power of Nonviolent Action UNESCO Publishing. 1999. Print
Nojeim, Michael, J. Gandhi and King: The Power of Nonviolent Resistance Greenwood Publishing. 2004. Print
The King Center. The King Philosophy. The King Center, 2012. Accessed on 25 April 2012.
Gandhi's life can be considered a success, not just because of all the peace he brought to others, but because of the peace he had within himself. His ethical and political views were grounded firmly in the spiritual views he held, as evidenced by the calm demeanor he always possessed. He had wise words for nearly every leader in politics about how they should treat others, and he spoke great truth about the world and society even though it was often ignored. The world did not change him when he saw that most people did not subscribe to his calm....
Gandhi is one of the most fascinating people in all of recent history. An advocate of passive resistance, he not only helped free India from British oppression, but also inspired the 1960s Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King, Jr. Gandhi’s work is so well-known that his name has become synonymous with both peace and leadership. However, his personal life was marred by some controversies, suggesting that even great men can have terrible flaws. We cannot possibly tell you all about Gandhi in a few paragraphs; his life and his life’s work....
I. Introduction
A. Brief explanation of protests as a form of activism
B. Thesis statement: Protests serve as a powerful tool for advocating social, political, and economic change.
II. Historical Context of Protests
A. Overview of significant protests throughout history
1. Civil rights movement in the United States
2. Anti-apartheid movement in South Africa
3. Women's suffrage movement
B. The impact of these protests on society
III. Types of Protests
A. Peaceful demonstrations and marches
1. Examples of successful peaceful protests
a. Martin Luther King Jr.'s March on Washington
b. Gandhi's Salt March in India
2. Benefits of peaceful protests
B. Civil....
Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X: Differing Approaches to Civil Rights
Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were two of the most prominent and influential figures in the American civil rights movement. While they both shared the goal of achieving equality for African Americans in the United States, they had significantly different approaches to how that goal should be achieved.
Martin Luther King Jr.'s Nonviolent Resistance
King was a proponent of nonviolent resistance, which he believed was the most effective way to bring about social change. He was inspired by the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, who had used nonviolence to achieve....
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