Food additives are substances added to manufactured foods and beverages with the aim of prolonging their shelf life. Some additives are also used to boost the flavor of these foods with the aim of making them more appealing to the consumers. In this regard, food additives have an effect of bringing a desirable effect on the foods for the manufacturers. However, this might not be the case to the consumers because the additives have been shown to have some side effects to the users. The following study identifies the origin, benefits, and demerits of using food additives on the health of the users.
The Origin of Food Additives
Food additives were there from ancient days. In the olden days, the additives were mainly obtained from natural sources such as from dates and pepper crops. Some used salt to preserve the foods while others used the sun to preserve through drying. The modern…...
mlaReferences
Passos, M. (2010). Innovation in Food Engineering: New Techniques and Products. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.
Smith, J. (2011). Food Additives Data Book. Wiley-Blackwell
S. Food and Drug Administration, because they were in wide use before the 1938 Act (grandfathered in, as it were). (Dunn 1938)
The problem was that Act contained a definition for a "new drug" (one in need of prior approval to market), as any drug "the composition of which is such that such drug is not generally recognized, among experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of drugs, as safe and effective for use under the conditions prescribed, recommended, or suggested in the labeling." FDCA § 201(p) (1). The manufacturers set out to establish then, that anything GRAS/GRAE therefore was not a new drug, and needed no FDA blessing.
Many medicines are ancient, and the active ingredients of many drugs on were first introduced before 1938. To make matters worse, between 1938 and 1962, the FDA considered drugs that were identical, related, or similar (IRS) to…...
Essay Topic Examples
1. The Impact of Globalization on Food Safety: Opportunities and Challenges:
Explore how globalization has affected food production and distribution, bringing diverse food choices to consumers worldwide but also introducing complex food safety concerns. Delve into the challenges posed by longer supply chains, variations in safety standards across different countries, and the increased risk of large-scale foodborne illness outbreaks.
2. The Role of Technology in Enhancing Food Safety:
Examine the technological advancements that are helping to ensure our food's safety from farm to table. Discuss innovations such as blockchain for traceability, AI for contamination detection, and improvements in food preservation techniques, analyzing how these developments contribute to preventing foodborne diseases and ensuring consumer confidence.
3. Food Safety Regulations: A Comparison Between Developed and Developing Countries:
Compare and contrast the food safety regulatory frameworks of developed countries with those of developing nations. Highlight how disparities in economic resources, infrastructure, and regulatory enforcement impact the…...
mlaPrimary Sources
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. \"Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA).\" U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2017. Web.
World Health Organization. \"Five Keys to Safer Food Manual.\" World Health Organization, 2006. Web.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. \"Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks United States, 2017: Annual Report.\" CDC, 2019. Web.Food Safety and Inspection Service. \"Pathogen Reduction: HACCP and the Poultry Slaughter Rule.\" United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. Web.Jongen, W. \"Improving the Safety of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables.\" Food & Agriculture Org., 2005. Web.
, 2006). The evidence reflects only a low level weight loss but is still worthwhile to consider in controlling weight at roughly 0.007 kg per week. It is useful for individual weight loss programs. Losing 0.2 kg per week requires a decrease of 220 kilocalories per day. Achieving a 32% reduction requires a sacrifice of 330 kilocalories a day from sucrose by substituting aspartame. Using aspartame replaces 70 g of sucrose or roughly two cans of soft drinks every day (Hunty et al.). This means less expense.
200 Times Sweeter and Cheaper
On the average, aspartame is 200 times sweeter than sucrose (Hu et al., 2008). Not only does it mean less calories but also less cost. The taste difference between them is that the sweetness of aspartame is detected by the taste buds longer than sucrose. This can, however, be resolved by adding acesulfame potassium. Aspartame also has limited hydrolyzing properties,…...
mlaBIBLIOGRAPHY
FDA (2007). FDA statement on European aspartame study. Office of Food Additive
Safety: U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved on April 2, 2011 from http://www.fda.gove/Food/FoodingredientsPackaging/FoodAdditives/ucm200858.htm
Hendrickson, K. (2011). Differences in aspartame and fructose. Live Strong:
Demand Media, Inc. Retrieved on April 2, 2011 from http://www.livestrong.com/article/278757-differences-in-aspartame-fructose
A farmer in each year can produce enough food to feed a hundred people, according to Pollan (2001), but this productivity comes with a heavy price: "The modern industrial farmer cannot grow that much food without large quantities of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, machinery, and fuel. This expensive set of 'inputs,' as they are called, saddles the farmer with debt, jeopardizes his health, erodes his soil and ruins its fertility, pollutes the groundwater, and compromises the safety of the food we eat" (Pollan, 2001, p. 190). These accrued costs accumulated through generations may lead to catastrophic consequences such as global warming and scarcity of edible food and drinkable water.
The drive to industrial efficiency blinded us to several hidden costs of food production. Orr (1994) identifies six of the costs that, if we intend to maintain sustainable growth, need to be curbed. The first obvious cost of industrial food production is…...
mlaReferences
McDonough, W., & Braungart, M. (2002) From cradle to cradle: remaking the way we make things. New York: North Point Press.
Orr, D.W. (1994) Earth in mind: on education, environment, and the human prospect. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Pollan, M. (2001) The Botany of desire: a plant's eye view of the world. New York: Random House.
Food Fraud
1A) in the 18th and 19th centuries, food adulteration was common, and usually done for profit. Expensive ingredients were commonly diluted with filler material to lower cost, but there were no controls on these fillers and many were unsafe. Some additives were added to extend the shelf life of food, but in several cases these additives were harmful to consumers -- common preservatives included borax, formaldehyde and sulfuric acid.
1B) The poison squad was a team that tried foods with common additives. They were to find out what the effects of those additives on the human body are.
1C) The video highlights what food scientists are doing now to adulterate food in ways to make it more addictive, if not more appealing. The scientists look for ways to add low-cost ingredients that in theory are more appealing to the human palate so that people will eat more. This is done as…...
production of food products has changed dramatically over the past several years. Technological changes in machinery, increased use of better and more expedient forms of transportation, and improved fertilizers have all contributed to a more efficient food production process. This more efficient process, however, has not come with some requisite problems.
The existing system of delivering food products in the United States is a major contributor to the world's global warming problem. The largest contributor to global warming is the use of fossil fuels. One study released in 2000 estimated that nearly ten percent of all the energy used in the United States was consumed by the food industry. (Heller, 2000).
This large use of fossil fuels is generated throughout the food production and delivering industry. A large measure of this use is through the extensive reliance upon artificial fertilizers and pesticides. Although the use of these products results in increased…...
mlaReferences
Center for Disease Control. (2003). Diabetes Public Health Resource. Retrieved December 4, 2010, from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/figuretext.htm#fig1
Eckholm, E. (2010, August 11). Farmers Lean to Truce on Animals' Close Quarters. The New York Times .
Eisnitz, G.A. (2006). Slaugherhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed, Neglect, and Inhuman Treatment Inside the U.S. Meat Industry. Prometheus Books.
Fossil Fuels. (n.d.). Retrieved December 3, 2010, from U.S. Department of Energy: http://www.energy.gov/energysources/fossilfuels.htm
Most canned versions of prepared foods are not as good as the same dish freshly prepared. For example, a can of soup tastes nothing like a freshly cooked soup, and canned spaghetti is mushy. Because canned foods often contain preservatives or added salt or sugar, they also taste different than that same food purchased fresh.
Convenience is a core difference between canned and fresh foods. Fresh foods are convenient for people who have a local produce market nearby, or who can visit a farmer's market regularly enough to stock up their produce bin. People who live in urban centers often have access to fresh food, and people who live in rural regions sometimes live near local farms or grow fresh vegetables themselves. Anyone who lives near a fishing center can procure fresh fish. However, buying fresh food is not always an option. Fresh foods are not always local foods and…...
mlaWorks Cited
Apovian, Caroline M. "Foods -- Fresh vs. Frozen or Canned." Medical Encyclopedia. Oct 2007. Retrieved Mar 8, 2009 at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002095.htm
Davies, Rhianon & Barrett, Amanda. True or False: Fresh Food Is Better Than Frozen or Canned Food. Health Library/EBSCO. Retrieved Mar 8, 2009 at http://healthlibrary.epnet.com/GetContent.aspx?token=a4c1f00b-d245-44f2-a90e-20b047f84a6a&chunkiid=160561
Fast food is a phenomenon that has become part of the American way of life during the past few decades. However the convenience of fast foods has resulted in major health issues in the country, as well as in the rest of the world. The prevalence of fast food in American society is evident from the fact that "Americans now spend more money on fast food than they do on higher education, personal computers, software or new cars. They spend more on fast food than on movies, books, magazines, newspapers, videos and recorded music ? combined." (Schlosser Eric. 1998)
It is now become common news that obesity has become a major health concern in both developed "Westernized" and less developed countries around the world. One of the major factors that have been blamed for this increase in obesity and obesity related diseases is fast food -- often termed 'junk food." In…...
mlaBibliography
Adams. M. The real reason why processed meats are so dangerous to your health. 2005. Accessed August 25, 2005. http://www.newstarget.com/011148.html
(This is an extremely useful article as it covers some of the main reasons why fast food products are detrimental to health. The article was particularly good at outlining the negative aspects of processed foods.)
Berlau, John. "Big Food Fight: When Big Tobacco Was Taken Down by a Rash of Lawsuits, Consumers Were Assured That Other 'Bad' Products Wouldn't Be Targeted. But the Fast-Food Industry Appears to Be Next." Insight on the News 15 July 2002: 12+. Questia. 27 Aug. 2005 .
(An important article that deals not only with the health issues facing the fast food industry but also with the legal aspects and the comparison between the tobacco and fast food industries.)
sustainability foods eaten humans impact environment. hich foods highest impact environment? hich foods smallest? hy? How, individuals, make decisions-based data? Should information shape public policy? If, ?.
There is presently much controversy regarding sustainability and the diverse strategies people could use with the purpose of getting actively involved in helping the environment. The modern society has seven billion individuals and it is important for the authorities to be able to provide for the needs of these people. A great deal of crops and livestock are raised around the world and dominate most rural landscapes. However, the masses know very little regarding how these resources damage the environment as a result of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and methane gas.
Traditional agriculture has developed into industrial agriculture as society started to express more and more interest in experiencing progress when considering food production. Scientists have started to introduce additives as a means to…...
mlaWorks cited:
Koch, Bernhard A., and Askeland, Bjarte, "Damage Caused by Genetically Modified Organisms: Comparative Survey of Redress Options for Harm to Persons, Property, Or the Environment," (Walter de Gruyter, 14.10.2010)
"the issues," Retrieved October 15, 2012, from the Sustainable Table Website: http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/
Eat, Swipe and Leave -- The New Smartphone Apps for Diners
The SPREAD of the Smartphone apps for diners has REVOLUTIONIZED eating out all over the world. Through COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH and OBSERVATION, apps such as Qkr!, Velocity, Cake, MyCheck, Orderella, Uncover, Flypay and Zapper, aim to reduce customer waiting time at restaurants. For example, through one popular app, customers are given a four-digit code which is then given to the restaurant. This code provides the customer a table number as well as the bill. PARTICIPANTS can simply make their payment, or, if dining in a group they can split the bill equally. The app allows̴...
mla3-D printing of food is a new DATA-driven trend of the future which allows users to customize meals and snacks. Despite being in only its early stages, this INVENTION will foster greater efficiency in the production of food and limit waste. RESEARCH shows that food can be created with precise nutritional formulations for people with specific dietary requirements. Furthermore, SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION proves that the 3-D food printer will remove the need for additives and preservatives. This PROCESS may be hard to adapt, leading to a slow RATE OF DIFFUSION as the degree to which people are willing to accept 3-D-printed food may be a problem. INCORPORATING TIME into evaluating this potential solution, the potential for this INNOVATION to generate benefits for users seems strong.
#alhih149 #3Dprinting #sustainable #invention #food
Business Law
During the consumer movement of the 1960s and 1970s, Congress enacted a substantial amount of legislation to protect "the good of the people." There is only one problem with consumer protection laws -- they are slow to react and even harder to enforce. As a result of this situation, corporations are allowed to profit at the expense of consumers' health. The resistance comes in a number of stages. The first is denial of the problem, wherein the corporations argue that there is not enough evidence to link their products with the negative outcomes that are being reported. Then there is the lobbying that causes politicians to defer action until a later date, or ignore the call to action altogether. Too often, when statutes are enacted, corporations fight them to the end, resulting in flawed legislation that either has loopholes, require interpretation from the judicial branch or is difficult to…...
mlaReferences:
Bray, G., Nielsen, S. & Popkin, B. (2004). Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 79 (4) 537-543.
Goldberg, C. & Zimmerman, R. (2011). What's making us fat? Researchers put food additives on suspect list. Common Health. Retrieved April 11, 2012 from http://commonhealth.wbur.org/2011/08/food-additives-obesity
Hellmich, N. (2009). Rising obesity will cost U.S. health care $344 billion a year. USA Today. Retrieved April 11, 2012 from http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/weightloss/2009-11-17-future-obesity-costs_N.htm
Miller, R. & Jentz, G. (2010). Business law today: 9th edition. South-Western/Cengage Learning.
Farms that contain the r-BST free labeling are typically from single farms that do their own proprietary retail packaging.
The study concluded that there were no differences in antibiotic levels in the milk samples. The purpose of the study stated, "the objective of this study was to compare these endpoints for conventional, rbST-free, and organic milk.," (Vicini, Etherton, & Etherton et al., p. 1199). By the time conclusions were drawn, the topic of rBST and organic milk, as stated in the research objectives, had been completely abandoned and replaced by conclusions regarding antibiotics, which are required to be zero for any milk, regardless of origin, that ends up on retail shelves.
The only studies that are provided to the public, and which are the basis of policy decisions, are highly suspect due to the financial interests between Monsanto and the research laboratory. The sampling techniques used, invalidate the conclusions drawn. It…...
mlaReferences
Kroger. (2008). "Kroger to Complete Transition to Certified Rbst-Free Milk by Early 2008." Retrieved December 19, 2008 at http://www.thekrogerco.com/corpnews/corpnewsinfo_pressreleases_08012007.htm
FDA (n.d.)"Report on the Food and Drug Administration's Review of the Safety of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin." Retrieved December 19, 2008 at http://www.fda.gov/cvm/RBRPTFNL.htm
RBST-Facts.com (n.d.). The facts about rBST. Retrieved December 20, 2008 at http://www.rbstfacts.org/ .
Monsanto. (2007). www.monsantodairy.comMonsanto. Retrieved December 20, 2008 at http://www.monsantodairy.com/about/general_info/index.html.
Polycarbonate with Bisphenol a (#7) is found in water bottles and scientists have linked very low doses of it to cancers, early onset of puberty, obesity, diabetes, hyperactivity, impaired immune function, among a myriad of other problems (2011).
Some of the recommendations that are offered by the Ecology Center (2011) are to buy one's food in glass or metal containers as opposed to plastic ones. Avoiding polycarbonate drinking bottles that contain Bisphenol a is also recommended. One should not heat food in plastic containers or store any kinds of fatty foods in plastic containers or in plastic wrap (2011). As well as avoiding the plastic containers or wrap for food, the Ecology Center recommends staying away from giving young children plastic toys that they may put in their mouth or plastic teethers (2011). One other recommendation is to avoid all PVC and Styrene products (2011).
Because of the health risks that…...
mlaReferences
Ecology Center. (2011). "Adverse health effects of plastics." Ecology Center. Accessed on January 18, 2011:
http://www.ecologycenter.org/factsheets/plastichealtheffects.html#plastichealthgrid
Moreover, vegetarianism is theoretically possible at McDonalds by eating the token salads on the menu. The token salads might still be in keeping with the tenets of agro-business but they do not contain meat products. Still, Pollan hints at how those salads support the same industries that sustain large-scale animal slaughtering.
In Chapter Seven, Pollan focuses on the ethics and the feasibility of the fast food business model as well as its effects on dietary health and well being. Without droning didactically, Pollan points out the problems with fast food: such as high levels of fat and sodium. The nutritional content of fast food is directly and causally related to heart disease, obesity, and diabetes. Pollan needs not delve into great detail about that which most Americans should already be aware. What Pollan does point out are the hidden ingredients in McDonald's menu items, especially in the chicken McNuggets. By…...
mlaReferences
Pollan, Michael. Omnivore's Dilemma. Penguin, 2006.
Key Characteristics of Lipase as a Biocatalyst
Lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in lipids. They are found in a wide variety of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals, where they play an important role in lipid metabolism. Lipases have also been used extensively in industrial applications, including the production of biodiesel, pharmaceuticals, and food additives.
Lipases have several key characteristics that make them well-suited for use as biocatalysts:
High activity: Lipases can catalyze the hydrolysis of a wide variety of ester bonds with high efficiency.
Specificity: Lipases are relatively specific for....
I. Introduction
II. Body
1. The pervasive use of synthetic food dyes in processed foods has been linked to a range of adverse health effects, including hyperactivity in children, allergic reactions, and potential carcinogenic risks, highlighting the need for stricter regulations and consumer awareness.
2. While food dyes enhance the visual appeal of food products, their consumption has been associated with behavioral changes in children, particularly those with ADHD, suggesting that natural alternatives might be a healthier option for vulnerable populations.
3. The ingestion of artificial food dyes can lead to neurobehavioral effects, with studies indicating that dyes like Red 40 and Yellow 5 might exacerbate....
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