Folklore
My aunt was born in Hong Kong. She has two children, one is twenty and the other is twenty-two. Both her parents, my grandparents are still alive but live in Hong Kong. The interview took place in my aunt's business, which is a travel agency that she owns and operates. After the travel agency shut down for the day, we sat down over cookies and tea for this ethnography interview. I informed my aunt of the purpose of the interview, and she offered to sign an informed consent agreement that I prepared for her. This informed consent process is important for ethical and legal purposes when conducting any research. The information I collect from my aunt will be used for the purposes of this class only, and she must be informed if her name or any personal information is used in other contexts.

The interview focused on her perception of folklore…...

Folklore-St. Joseph's Table
In an online article posted by St. Francis of Assisi Roman Catholic Church, St. Joseph is described as: "...the husband of the Virgin Mary and the adoptive father of Jesus Christ. He is the Patron Saint of fathers, families, house hunters, carpenters, workers, of Canada, of Peru, of social justice and of a happy death."

Joseph is also honored as the patron saint of the poor and desperate and it is in this role we find the custom of St. Joseph's Table, which is an elaborate, meatless and literal feast. St. Joseph, in his many protector roles, is primarily honored in ethnic groups which follow Catholicism, although his day, March 19th is also recognized in the liturgical calendar of the Episcopalian church. The groups that celebrate with a St. Joseph's Table include Sicilians, Italians, in general, Poles and occasionally Irish. Apparently, just being Catholic doesn't necessarily include following the…...

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Works Cited

Chaba, Louis and Marge -- telephone interview April 9, 2004

Author unknown. "Saint Joseph's Table 2003." http//:francisanhackensack.tripod.com/sjhist.html (4-9-2004)

Folklore of American Holidays. 3rd ed.

Christian, Diane. "Not One New Truth and all the Old Falsehoods" Journal of American Folklore vol. 101-1988: 53-55

Multicultural education does not only have to be comparative, however. "Family Drama" tales may lend themselves to creative involvement with the narrative. Children can use modes of expression from modern culture, like creating a play that depicts the different protagonists of a tale such as "The Spider oman" of the Navajo (Norton 2005: 85). This sense of personal involvement and using everyday objects, even modern artifacts to recreate a myth is a way to make folkloric lessons and Native culture real and relevant.
Threshold tales are also likely to be popular for children, as they examine transitional phases like adolescence or transformation. Reading a book like Storm Boy about the protagonist's "separation, initiation, and return" may be useful to examine during transitional phases, like the end of the school year or the coming of spring (Norton 2005: 86). Change is common to all cultures during childhood, and provides a useful…...

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Works Cited

Starr, Christopher. (1999). "Anasi the Spider Man: A West African Trickster in the West

Indies." Arcarology Conference. Aug 1999. Retrieved 18 Mar 2007. http://users.carib-link.net/~rfbarnes/anansi.htm

Norton, Donna. (2005). Multicultural Children's Literature. 2nd Ed. New York: Pearson.

This general abhorrence of gender roll reversal is common to much folk mythology, and Mills notes that the few exceptions -- wherein a gender roll reversal is cast in a favorable light -- exclusively involve females somehow taking on male aspects.
Yet another element may be examined in the Afghani version which is endemic to a wide range of Cinderella tales. The magical help herein comes through a cow which is inhabited by the spirit of the dead true-mother: "Later on, the father found a yellow cow in his stable, 'In place of the murdered mother,'" (Mills, 1978). The general formula found the world-wide is that the evil stepmother concocts a plan to kill the inhabited animal and consume it. Cinderella herself, being filially loyal, refuses to eat of the animal and instead gathers its bones and venerates them, by which means she receives supernatural aid from her late mother's…...

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Bibliography

1. Basile, Giambattista. "The Cat Cinderella." The Pentamerone of Giambattista Basile. Ed. N.M. Penzer. London: John Lane, 1932. 56-63. Print.

2. Perrault, Charles. "Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper." The Blue Fairy Book. Ed. Andrew Lang. New York: Random House, 1959. 96-104. Print.

3. Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm. "Aschenputtel (Ash Girl)." The Grimms' German Folk Tales. Trans. Francis P. Magoun, Jr. And Alexander H. Krappe. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1960. 86-92. Print.

4. Jameson, R.D. "Cinderella in China." Cinderella: A Casebook. ed. Alan Dundes. Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1988. 71-97. Print.

Managerial
Henry Fayol postulated that planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling were the four basic functions of a manager, and that all of a manager's tasks could be classified into one of these fundamental categories. While a neat and convenient way to describe managerial duties, these four words are inadequate to describe the full gamut of responsibilities that a business manager undertakes in the twenty-first century, according to Henry Mintzberg. A manager's work often goes beyond these four tasks or cannot be so simply classified. Almost a century after Fayol defined his theory of management, the business community needs to reexamine the role and function of a manager. In "The Manager's Job: Folklore and Fact," Mintzberg outlines the myths about managers that have been perpetuated, and how to dispel them. The author states that his intention is to "break the reader away from Fayol's words and introduce him to a more supportable,…...

Irish Folklore
INTRODUCTION & HISTORY

WARS AND HEROES

FAIRIES

POPULAR CHARMS, WAYS AND TRADITIONS

Irish culture is centered upon the folklore and myths that have been a significant part of Irish traditions and history. When it comes to folklore and Gaelic culture, the Irish are proud of their history and often distinguish themselves from the rest of the European culture. This paper will explore traditional Irish folklore and its significance on contemporary Irish culture customs and beliefs. It will also outline factors that have contributed to the development and reservation of the Irish folklore.

INTRODUCTION & HISTORY

In order to understand how Irish folklore has shaped the cultural beliefs, traditions and customs of the Irish people, it is important to understand how Ireland is culturally unique from the rest of Europe and how it differs in geography, history and tradition. The Irish people are known as some of the best storytellers in the world and their folklore…...

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Colun, Padraic. Ed. (1962) A Treasury of Irish Folklore. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc.

Curtin, Jeremiah. (1890). Myths and Folklore of Ireland. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company.

Glassie, Henry. (1998) Irish Folk History: Tales from the North. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press.

O'Sullivan, Sean. (1974) The Folklore of Ireland. London: B.T. Batsford, Ltd.

They virtually turned these stories into tales about lue Ridge and their ancestors. Some stories have been told as rumors or legends and this influenced people in having difficulty understanding whether they were real or not. Many people in lue Ridge are likely to believe that Jack tales are a hallmark when taking into account the area's history and the general character of people that lived there through the ages.
Many families of storytellers at lue Ridge have inherited tales through time and have been encouraged to continue to retell these respective stories using elements that they think would improve the storylines. The fact that individuals in the area came from diverse backgrounds made it possible for the region to have a unique influence on individuals living in the area.

For example, Donald Davis inherited a series of stories that were different from everything else presented in the U.S. because of…...

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Bibliography:

Bernard McCarthy, William, "Jack in Two Worlds: Contemporary North American Tales and Their Tellers," (UNC Press Books, 1994)

Chase, Richard, "The Jack Tales," (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2003)

Davis, Donald, "Southern Jack Tales," (august house, 1997)

McNeil, W.K. "Appalachian Images in Folk and Popular Culture," (Univ. Of Tennessee Press, 1995)

Indeed, using the family unit as a way to discover history also helps individuals, especially children and adolescents understand that history does not exist in a vacuum, but instead, is made up of events from real people and real events. This also tends to involve more family members and encourage stories and events from the past that may also spur memories and take on new meaning to show that each family has often made important contributions to historical processes.
While family folklore is an invaluable tool for personal research and often a springboard for further research, it is also important to understand that family research carries some inherent challenges for the professional scholar. Anytime behavior is observed, stories are told and recorded, or verbal histories are given, there is a chance for bias to creep in. This may come from the researcher, from the memory of the event, or simply…...

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References Used

Kaupp, a. (1999-2000). Family Folklore in the Classroom. AnthroNotes. 21 (2): 13-19.

Author. (year). Chapter 7 -- Various Methods in Personality Assessment. In TITLE of

BOOK. City: Publisher, pages 207-33.

This difficulty has given rise to numerous theories of motivation throughout history, each with its own distinct value. Many generations after Adam, have created new and insightful methods of thought. The problem with many of these theories is that they are imperfect by nature and do not encompass all possible options of behavior. To begin, Elliot defines motivation as a basic innate drive for success. This drive encompasses the individual's desires, or ambitions for success. Achievement motivation therefore, is based primarily on reaching ones stated aspirations, which in turn motivates the individual's actions. This model assumes that individual aspirations or goals are incentive-based rather than that of intrinsic self-worth. These motives as the theory states are both implicit and explicit. Implicit motives are those that are impulsive or spontaneous acts. These are primarily the result of incentives embedded in the overall task at hand. Explicit motives on the other…...

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References

1) Patai, Rori the Jewish Alchemists, Princeton University Press, 1994.

2) Almond, Philip 'Adam and Eve in Seventeenth-Century Thought (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, 2008

3) David Rohl, Legend: The Genesis of Civilisation, 1998

4) Jones, Ronald W. 1961 Comparative Advantage and the theory of Trarrifs; a Multi-Country, Muti-commodity Model, Review of Economic Studies pp.161-8

"
The university's folklore department explains that folklore is displayed in times "of crisis, celebration, and change"; it is displayed "in hundreds of other forms of expression." And in a similar vein to Wilson's explanation, the Web site reports that folklore is part of the daily lives of people throughout the world.

Folklorists are both humanists and social scientists," the Indiana University site explains. "They examine individual and cultural creativity and tradition throughout the world." Folklorists, when they are on hand and experiencing directly from real life, as Wilson asserts is necessary, "learn how people use traditional knowledge and practices to understand and participate in new, often challenging situations of contemporary life."

Moreover, at the university, budding folklorists record the voices and actions of men and women directly; "these voices are not consilidated into statistical averages, merged into mass poloitical trends, or suborinated to the actions of world leaders or the creativity of…...

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Bibliography

Indiana University. "The Department of folklore and Ethnomusicology." Available at  http://www.indiana.edu/~folklore/faq.htm .

Wilson, William a. "Documenting Folklore." Folk Groups and Folklore Genres: An Introduction. Ed. Elliott Oring. Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press, 1986. 225-

.." When one uses health foods it shows that person has "certain values and a commitment for a certain world view," Dubisch writes; and that person is experiencing a "mazeway resynthesis," a mental map, a mental image of the world that is entirely individual. Health food use is a "system of symbols" in which foods have life-giving properties. The Pentecostal Church also believes in "healing" and like the health food movement, is skeptical about doctors' ability to heal. "Even when a person receives medical assistance, he can still look to God for diving healing" (United Pentecostal Church International). "He can and often does heal miraculously without any human assistance...many people in our churches can testify to being miraculously healed by God..."
10 Occupational Folklore: When a person in an occupation learns and plays out certain rituals and beliefs, it is important for research to be conducted into those behaviors for that…...

1939 by Robert L. May, Rudolph Story
Rudolph, an American Folk Hero

The story of Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is an excellent example of taking a classic folk story theme and giving it new vitality by infusing the hero with distinctly American values and ideals. The combination of the classic theme and the American hero combined to make Rudolph's story an indispensable part of the Christmas holiday season for millions of people for the past 50 years. In fact, it seems as if Rudolph has always been a part of Christmas, but in reality he was only created 65 years ago. Because Rudolph has become such a celebrated part of America's Christmas tradition in such a relatively short amount of time, the study of the story of Rudolph the Red-nosed Reindeer is essential in any course examining the development of the fable or tale.

What is it about misfit stories that resonate with…...

Popular Culture
Folk culture refers to the collection of "songs, tales, proverbs, jokes" that reflect a specific segment of society -- and can often refer to the expressions of marginalized groups like African-Americans. Popular culture is more mainstream, and is fabricated and consumed by the dominant culture. It would include newspapers, magazines, and books propagated throughout a country, as opposed to folk culture, which would be localized (either geographically or, if the group is geographically spread out, culturally). According to Levine, popular culture is "seen as the antithesis of folk culture."[footnoteef:1] There is also an impression that popular culture lacks the authenticity of folk culture in capturing the spirit of the people. As Levine puts it, popular culture does not emanate from the community but is created artificially for consumption by the community and usually with financial motives. For historians and other researchers, popular culture, "if it has to be invoked…...

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References

Alverman, Donna E., Moon, Jennifer S. And Hagood, Margaret C. "Popular Culture in the Classroom: Teaching and Researching Critical Media Literacy. Literacy Studies Series." International Reading Association, 1999.

Bennett, A. Popular Music and Youth Culture: Music, Identity, and Place. CAB, 2000.

Davis, Natalie Zemon. "Toward Mixtures and Margins." AHR Forum.

Haque, Sabir. "Folk Culture, Mass Culture, Convergence Culture." Idea Minefield. Retrieved online: http://www.ideaminefield.com/2008/07/folk-culture-mass-culture-convergence.html

FolkloreOne great thing about folklore is how it weaves fantasy into the stories. Cinderella and Rapunzel both are stories that feature some fantastic elements but that end with happy endings. There is some conflict in each, and there is also a prince involved in each. The idea of a prince rescuing a maiden is a popular one in folklore. The prince is a hero figure, while the maiden is the figure that the reader sympathizes with. It is the way in which the maiden and the prince interact to overcome some obstacle that usually makes the story interesting. However, in Cinderella and Rapunzel, there is not much that the characters can really do for themselves. They are supported by some fantastic power outside themselves. This fantasy element contrasts sharply with the realism of a story like The Robber Bridegroom. Here is a horrific story that is full of murder and…...

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Works CitedCat and Mouse in Partnership.Cinderella.Rapunzel.The Robber Bridegroom.

Marital Success
The high divorce rates in First World nations have encouraged researchers, family counselors, and religious advocates to investigate the core foundations for the creation of a successful marriage. Starting in the 1960s, evolving social context ultimately shifted the rationale in why individuals choose to marry, and over time, divorce has come to be viewed as the preferred alternative to an unhappy marriage. One main fundamental principle to achieve marital success is to recognize women desire love, while men simultaneously need respect to feel fulfilled within the relationship. Emotional intelligence within a relationship and acknowledging various marital myths also contribute to the fundamental elements of marital success. Dissociating from marital myths and misconceptions is an essential part to understanding the true foundations for a happy and successful marriage. Appreciating and understanding how attachment styles affect marital relationships is also essential. These beliefs and attachment styles contribute to the marital…...

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References

Eggerichs, E. (2004). Love and Respect: The Love She Desires, The Respect He Desperately

Needs. Nashville: Thomas Nelson.

Gottman, J. (1993). A Theory of Marital Dissolution and Stability. Journal of Family

Psychology, 7(1), p. 57-75.

The Enigmatic Duel: Comparing the Elusive Hedgehog and the Cunning Fox

Introduction
The realm of nature abounds with captivating creatures, each possessing distinctive traits and survival strategies. Among these fascinating animals, the hedgehog and the fox stand out for their contrasting yet intriguing qualities. This essay delves into a thorough comparison of these two creatures, exploring their physical attributes, behavioral patterns, and ecological roles, unveiling the profound differences and unexpected similarities that define their enigmatic existence.

Physical Disparities and Defensive Adaptations
Hedgehogs and foxes exhibit striking physical differences that reflect their respective adaptations to their environments. The hedgehog, with its diminutive size and globular....

1. The impact of Mount St. Helens eruption on local flora and fauna: Explore how the eruption affected the ecosystem and biodiversity of the surrounding area.
2. The role of indigenous peoples in understanding and interpreting natural disasters like the Mount St. Helens eruption: Discuss how indigenous knowledge and traditions can provide valuable insights into the significance of such events.
3. The cultural and social implications of the Mount St. Helens eruption on local communities: Investigate how the eruption impacted the lives, beliefs, and traditions of the people living in the region.
4. The long-term environmental and geological effects of the Mount St.....

1. The psychological impact of tsunamis on survivors and affected communities
2. The role of warning systems and emergency preparedness in mitigating the effects of tsunamis
3. The long-term environmental effects of tsunamis on coastal ecosystems
4. The cultural significance of tsunamis in different societies and how they are reflected in art, literature, and folklore
5. The intersection of climate change and tsunamis: how rising sea levels and more frequent extreme weather events may impact future tsunami risks.
6. The economic impact of tsunamis on local communities and industries
7. The effectiveness of post-tsunami recovery and rebuilding efforts in affected regions
8. The role of social media....

1. The Burning of Bridget Cleary: Exploring the Role of Folklore and Superstition in Irish Culture
2. Gender and Power in the Burning of Bridget Cleary: Analyzing the Social Dynamics of the Case
3. Bridget Cleary and the Intersection of Mental Illness and Misogyny: Examining the Tragic Consequences of Societal Stigma
4. The Burning of Bridget Cleary: A Case Study in Historical Legal Injustices Against Women
5. Witchcraft Accusations and the Burning of Bridget Cleary: Assessing the Impact of Fear and Ignorance on Human Rights
6. Bridget Cleary and the Politics of Irish Nationalism: Unpacking the Narrative of Cultural Identity and Colonial Oppression
7. The Burning....