The Real from the Fake Fake news is a phenomenon that arguably arose during the present decade. It has become a catchword, a battle cry, or perhaps just the repeated punch line of jokes. In that sense, it is similar to the world ‘selfie’ a few years ago. Nonetheless, fake news is more important than photographs and paraphernalia designed to promote the taking of photographs of one’s self. It has the power to distort the truth and, in doing so, influence actions that are unmistakably true. Fake news can become the basis of reality, depending on how exactly people choose to react to it. As such, there is a great deal of importance attributed to defining fake news, in order to successfully understand it and to counteract some of its less than desired outcomes. To that end, fake news is defined within this paper as news reports that are either knowingly…...

Introduction What makes “fake news” fake news?  Why do some accept it as fact while others denounce it as fiction?  Is it all a matter of perspective?  That may be the case, but these questions are not really addressed by David Nemer in his Guardian article in which he identifies three types of Bolsonaro WhatsApp users.  For Nemer, the question is:  how is social media being used to help support this guy and what is going to happen when he takes over?  This paper will provide a synthesis of the ideas discussed in Nemer’s article, assess them in terms of contributions and limitations of the author’s main point and concepts, and provide questions at the end to help facilitate class discussion.
Synthesis
There is one main argument in Nemer’s text and three crucial concepts.  The main argument is that just as social media was used to get Trump elected in the US, social…...

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References

Nemer, David. October 25, 2018. “The Three Types of WhatsApp Users Getting Brazil’s Bolsonaro Elected”. The Guardian pp.)

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/25/brazil-president-jair-bolsonaro-whatsapp-fake-news (6

Recommended Topics
When does “fake news” become “real news,” if ever?

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Has fake news been used by foreign powers to adversely affect U.S. interest at home and abroad?

How can people tell for certain when news is fake?

What is being done about the proliferation of fake news?

 

Outline

I.  Abstract

II. Introduction

III. Review and Discussion

A.  What is fake news?

B.  The potential impact of fake news

C.  Responses to fake news

IV. Conclusion

 

Title:  A Real Look at the Fake News Phenomenon

 

Abstract

So-called “fake news” has become increasingly commonplace in recent years due in large part to the proliferation of social media platforms such as Facebook that are either unable or unwilling to stop their spread as well as numerous Web sites such as the National Reporter that specialize in publishing fake news reports. This essay reviews the relevant literature to provide a definition of fake news, its potential…...

Fake News: Knowledge Is Power
With the election of Donald Trump, it seems that power might come from the absence of knowledge. As Barton points out, fake news was once a fringe effect but has now become a "a strategy for consolidating executive power," (1). Anti-intellectualism and the dumbing down of American, which Richard Hofstadter describes in his 1964 Pulitzer Prize-winning book Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, highlights the problem of when a lack of knowledge becomes the key to political power when in fact knowledge should be the key to power given the potency of truth in eliminating superstition, bigotry, and misinformation. As problematic and troubling as the anti-science agenda of Trump presidency might be, the only way to take back power from demagogues and anti-intellectuals is through an affirmation and promotion of knowledge. As Swinton points out, "We have the power to kick fake news to the side and bring…...

THE ALLURE OF FAKE NEWS: Outline I. Introduction
A. Thesis statement: Internet technologies enable the proliferation of fake news, and only education and awareness can curtail the influence fake news has on society.
II. Body Paragraph
A. Claim: Prior exposure to a fake news story makes a person more likely to believe in the veracity of the information.
1. Evidence: Just a one-time exposure to a fake news item on a social media platform like Facebook increases the likelihood that a person will believe the fake news story, with the effects lasting as long as a week (Pennycook, Cannon, & Rand, 2017)
2. Evidence: The prior exposure phenomenon is a type of confirmation bias, whereby “ We pick out those bits of data that make us feel good because they confirm our prejudices,” (Heshmat, 2015, p. 1).
3. Discussion: Fake news is sinister and difficult to curtail because even just one exposure to a fake news story can…...

Thesis statement: Internet technologies enable the proliferation of fake news, and only education and awareness can curtail the influence fake news has on society.
A. Claim: Prior exposure to a fake news story makes a person more likely to believe in the veracity of the information.
1. Evidence: Just a one-time exposure to a fake news item on a social media platform like Facebook increases the likelihood that a person will believe the fake news story, with the effects lasting as long as a week (Pennycook, Cannon, & Rand, 2017).
2. Evidence: The prior exposure phenomenon is a type of confirmation bias, whereby “ We pick out those bits of data that make us feel good because they confirm our prejudices,” (Heshmat, 2015, p. 1).

B. Claim: Mob mentality is at work with fake news, as research shows a viral post is more likely to be perceived as trustworthy even when it is fake.
1. Evidence:…...

Political satire has long been a standard method of political and social commentary. Jonathan Swift's essay "A Modest Proposal" is a prime example of how satire is a powerful vehicle for raising awareness about critical social and political issues, but doing so in a relatively nonthreatening and accessible way. In the United States, political cartoons have long been the bastion of political satire. Howeve, r as allachy puts it, "American satire has changed a great deal since Benjamin Franklin's 'Join or Die' cartoon," (1). Technology is one reason why political satire in America has changed its approach. Both Jesse atters and Samantha Bee have traditional television shows on the one hand, but both also benefit from new media both to find fodder for their discussions but also to propagate their ideas. However, there are critical differences between these two political humor shows. The most glaring difference is that Bee offers…...

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Works Cited

Batalion, Judy. "Jewish Joke's On You." Jewish Quarterly, Vol. 64, No.1, 2017, pp. 33-35.

Becker, Amy B. and Bode, Leticia. "Satire as a source for learning? The differential impact of news versus satire exposure on net neutrality knowledge gain." Information, Communication, and Society, 2017, DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2017.1301517

Bee, Samantha. Full Frontal. [Various Episodes].

Johnson, Derek. "Activating Activism." Critical Studies in Media Communication, 2017,  http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2017.1298142

New Expatriate Orientation Program Design
Program Description

Mission and Vision of the New Expatriate Program

Key Objectives of the Program

Program Duration

Number of Participants

ecommended Participants for the Program

Expatriate Orientation Program Content

Learning Methodology of the Program

Program Fee Structure

It is the part of human nature to progress and grow in every facet of life from the time they complete their education and enter into the world of commerce. The key driving aspect for an individual is to provide their families with all the comfort and lavish lifestyle so that they can enjoy the life to the fullest. In this search of growth and prosperity, one of the widespread actions that have been observed is relocation. People relocate and move to other places from their country of origin so that they can give a financially better and secure future to their families (Marquardt, 2013).

However, the fact cannot be ignored that when an individual relocate, he/she stands under…...

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References

Adekola, A. & Sergi, B. S. (2007). Global Business Management: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. Great Britain: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Adekola, A. & Sergi, B. S. (2012). Global Business Management: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. Great Britain: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Amit, V. (2011). Going First Class?: New Approaches to Privileged Travel and Movement. USA: Berghahn Books.

Corlett, D. (2008). Stormy Weather: The Challenge of Climate Change and Displacement. Australia: UNSW Press.

Arguably, the raw data at ikiLeaks is far more powerful than anything that can be found in traditional media or satire news. The audience here must also acquire the tools necessary to properly digest the information, as an audience accustomed to uncritical digestion of mainstream media will be challenged by the raw information presented devoid of spin and context.
orks Cited:

Feldman, L. (2007). The news about comedy. Journalism. Vol 8 (4) 406-427.

Ludlow, P. (2010). ikiLeaks and hacktivist culture. The Nation. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/7669895/771113000/name/ikileaks.pdf

McCue, D. (2009). hen news breaks, "the Daily Show" fixes it: Exposing social values through satire. University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl%3furl_ver=Z39.88-2004%26res_dat=xri:pqdiss%26rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation%26rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456354

Postman, N. & Power, S. (2008) How to watch TV news. Penguin Books.

Reilly, I. (2011). Satirical fake news and the politics of the fifth estate. University of Guelph. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl%3furl_ver=Z39.88-2004%26res_dat=xri:pqdiss%26rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation%26rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR71829...

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Works Cited:

Feldman, L. (2007). The news about comedy. Journalism. Vol 8 (4) 406-427.

Ludlow, P. (2010). WikiLeaks and hacktivist culture. The Nation. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/7669895/771113000/name/Wikileaks.pdf

McCue, D. (2009). When news breaks, "the Daily Show" fixes it: Exposing social values through satire. University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl%3furl_ver=Z39.88-2004%26res_dat=xri:pqdiss%26rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation%26rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456354

Postman, N. & Power, S. (2008) How to watch TV news. Penguin Books.

Essay Topic Examples 1. The Impact of Fake Social Media Influence on Mental Health


This essay will explore the psychological effects that fake social media influencers can have on individuals, particularly young and impressionable audiences. The discussion will focus on issues such as lowered self-esteem, increased anxiety, and the prevalence of body image disorders that result from the portrayal of unrealistic lifestyles and standards of beauty.


2. Dismantling Trust: How Fake Influencers Undermine Authenticity in Digital Communities


The essay will examine the erosion of trust within social media communities due to the rise of fake influencers. It will assess the implications for authenticity and the challenges genuine influencers and brands face in maintaining credibility and building genuine relationships with audiences in an environment increasingly characterized by deception.


3. Economic Ramifications of Inauthentic Social Media Influence on Online Marketing


This piece will delve into the economic impact of fake influencers on businesses, including wasted marketing budgets, skewed…...

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Primary Sources

Vosoughi, Soroush, Deb Roy, and Sinan Aral. \"The spread of true and false news online.\" Science 359.6380 (2018): 1146-1151.

Ferrara, Emilio. \"Disinformation and social bot operations in the run up to the 2017 French presidential election.\" First Monday 22.8-7 (2017).

Bessi, Alessandro, and Emilio Ferrara. \"Social bots distort the 2016 U.S. Presidential election online discussion.\" First Monday 21.11-7 (2016).

Humprecht, Edda. \"Where \'fake news\' flourishes: a comparison across four Western democracies.\" Information, Communication & Society 23.5 (2020): 699-715.

Lazer, David MJ et al. \"The science of fake news: Addressing fake news requires a multidisciplinary effort.\" Science 359.6380 (2018): 1094-1096.

Essay Topic Examples 1. The Ethical Dilemmas of Deepfake Technology:
Explore the moral implications that arise from the use of deepfake technology, including the balance between freedom of expression and the potential for harm caused by misleading representations of individuals in media.

2. Deepfakes and the Future of Truth in Media:
Discuss how deepfake videos challenge our notion of truth and authenticity in the media, including the impact on news, journalism, and the spread of misinformation in our increasingly digital world.

3. Legal erspectives on Deepfake Videos:
Analyze the current legal ramifications of deepfake content, intellectual property concerns, and the emerging discourse on the need for legal frameworks to regulate the creation and distribution of deepfakes.

4. The sychological Impact of Deepfakes on Society:
Evaluate the psychological effects deepfake videos may have on individuals and societies, including issues of trust, the power of visual evidence, and the potential for deepfakes to shape public opinion…...

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Primary Sources

Deepfakes: A New Threat to Face Recognition? Assessment and Detection

Tolosana, Ruben, et al. \"Deepfakes: A New Threat to Face Recognition? Assessment and Detection.\" arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.12749 (2020).

Deep Video Portraits

Kim, Hyeongwoo, et al. \"Deep Video Portraits.\" ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 37.4 (2018): 1-14.

Zao: A Deepfake App Analysis

Chesney, Robert, and Danielle Citron. \"Zao: A Deepfake App Analysis.\" U of Texas Law, Public Law Research Paper (2019).

Creating and Detecting Fake Images and Videos

Media and Society: The Problem of Too Much Fake News Is the era of fake news becoming too dangerous for our families today? As Jones (2013) notes, communication media in the digital world is a powerful tool that we all must be mindful of lest we risk using it poorly and causing more harm than good. With the recent news faux pas involving a group of high school Catholic boys being harassed by a group of protestors yet getting blamed by news media right and left, getting “doxxed” by celebrities calling for blood, and receiving death threats all over an incident blown completely out of proportion, we as a community have to stop and consider how we allow the media to dictate the terms by which we live our lives. This paper will explain why we have to get a better handle on the problem of fake news before it really…...

Americans, then you certainly love being aware of your surroundings and like to remain in touch with what's happening in your area and your state, if not exactly your country or the world you inhabit. In other words, you want to gather as much necessary information as you can about local affairs. If that is so, local television news programs are definitely your most important source of information. According to a study conducted by Daily News, "twice as many Americans get their news from local news as they do from network newscasts" (2, a study cited in reference 1) even though most people agreed the local news programs were either too "sensationalistic" or "negative." However while national and international news programs including those aired on BBC and CNN offer news that contains more substance and less sensationalism, their viewer-ship has dropped considerably in the past two decades, i.e. from…...

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References

Local TV News and Violence," Issue Brief Series. (1998). Studio City, CA: Mediascope Press.

Hal Boedeker, "Documentary blisters film and television news," Daily News, March 9. 1997.

Richard Zoglin, "The News Wars," TIME, October 21, 1996.

Matthew R. Kerbel, "If It Bleeds, It Leads: An Anatomy of Television News," Westview Press, 2000

Darling's struggle with her displacement in the United States towards the end of the novel. How does she deal with her conflicted sense of identity? hy do the following words spoken by Chipo cause her so much distress? "If it's your country, you have to love it to live in it and not leave it. You have to fight for it no matter what, to make it right... You left it, Darling, my dear, you left the house burning and you have the guts to tell me, in that stupid accent that you were not even born with, that doesn't even suit you, that this is your country?" (288). Is she American, Zimbabwean? Both?
From early in the novel, it is crystal clear that Darling is spiritually independent and clearly not tied to any national identity. She asserts her determination to move to America and live with Aunt Fostalina, as…...

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Work Cited

Bulawayo, NoViolet. We Need New Names. New York: Llittle, Brown, 2013.

Confidentiality Breaches in Clinical Practice
The confidentiality and privacy of patients are considered as one of the fundamental freedoms that they should enjoy and are safeguarded under Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPPA). It is also a precept of the American Medical Association’s Code of Ethics and the Hippocratic Oath. The breach of confidentiality is unethical and illegal.
Medical professionals are under the obligation of protecting the patient’s confidentiality. Confidentiality and privacy prohibit medical providers from unlawful disclosure of the patient’s information. Some of the inappropriate disclosures include discussing a patient’s case in the elevators or corridors, giving out extra copies of handouts from conferences while they contain identifiable patients’ details and any other possible leakage of information to unauthorized individuals (Beltran-Aroca et al. 52). In clinical practice, the patients’ confidentiality can be breached due to indiscretion, carelessness, and sometimes malice. Medical practitioners are obligated legally and morally to…...

To provide an answer to this question, it is really important to know which government is the subject of your question.  In some countries, the government is absolutely prohibited from imposing the types of regulations on speech that answering yes to the question would require.  These types of absolute prohibitions, such as the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, significantly impact whether a government could regulate social media, even if regulating social media would help prevent the spread of fake news and misinformation.  Therefore, any discussion of whether they should regulate this type of speech has....

Certainly! Here are some essay topics on Donald Trump:

1. Analyzing Donald Trump's presidency: Successes, failures, and controversies.
2. The impact of Donald Trump's immigration policies on the United States.
3. Donald Trump's approach to foreign relations: An examination of his diplomacy strategies.
4. The role of social media in Donald Trump's political communication.
5. Investigating the economic policies and their effects during Trump's presidency.
6. Donald Trump's impact on the Republican Party: Transformation or deviation?
7. The rise of populism and its connection to Donald Trump's presidential campaign.
8. Analyzing the media's portrayal of Donald Trump's administration: Bias and influence.
9. A comparative study: Donald Trump and previous....

1. The importance of paraphrasing in academic writing and avoiding plagiarism
2. Techniques and strategies for effectively paraphrasing text
3. The impact of paraphrasing on comprehension and retention of information
4. Common mistakes to avoid when paraphrasing
5. The ethical considerations of paraphrasing in research and writing
6. The role of paraphrasing in promoting critical thinking and analysis
7. How paraphrasing can enhance the clarity and coherence of written communication
8. The challenges and benefits of teaching paraphrasing skills to students
9. The role of paraphrasing in developing strong argumentation and persuasive writing
10. The relationship between paraphrasing and effective summarization in writing.
11. The cultural implications of paraphrasing and....

Technical and Aesthetic Considerations

The Mechanics of Photography: Exploring the principles of aperture, shutter speed, ISO, and their impact on image quality.
Composition and Framing: Analyzing the techniques used to create balanced and visually pleasing compositions.
Light and Shadow in Photography: Examining the role of lighting in shaping the mood, atmosphere, and drama of an image.
Color Theory in Photography: Investigating the use of color harmonies, contrasts, and symbolism to evoke specific emotions and convey messages.
Digital vs. Analog Photography: Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of digital and analog photography in terms of image quality, workflow, and creative possibilities.

Social and....