Ethical Perspectives
Summarize briefly the organization's background / history.

The World Health Organization (WHO) was established in 1948. This was in response to the need for an entity which could address issues impacting various countries and their overall quality of health. They began cataloguing and analyzing how communicable diseases can be prevented over the long-term through effective coordination. Since this time, they have achieved a number of milestones through this approach to include: working to develop a vaccine for polio, helping to conduct the first heart transplant, focusing on effective vaccinations (in order to prevent the spread of communicable diseases), providing essential drugs to over 156 countries, the eradication of small pox and working to coordinate with various stakeholders around the globe. ("An Introduction to the World Health Organization," 2007)

Its primary mission is continuing to evolve with a focus on a number of objectives. The most notable include:

Providing leadership in areas of…...

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References

An Introduction to the World Health Organization. (2007). WHO. Retrieved from:  http://www.who.int/about/brochure_en.pdf 

Health Ethics. (2011). WHO. Retrieved from:  http://www.who.int/ethics/publications/ETX_Newsletter_May2011.pdf 

How Culture Influences Health Beliefs. (2012). Euro Med Info. Retrieved from:  http://www.euromedinfo.eu/how-culture-influences-health-beliefs.html/

This is when insurance companies will charge more for premiums based upon someone coming from a particular ethnic group. In the past, many of these practices were utilized to give some kind of advantage to people who were from non-indigenous backgrounds. This focus is taking a similar approach, by showing how someone is a higher risk because of their ethnicity. These views are not considering the lifestyle choices they are engaging in such as: physical activities, their diet, if the person is a smoker or drinks alcohol. (Bombak 2012)
Instead, they will use this category to automatically rate indigenous people higher largely based upon this variable. From an ethical perspective, one could argue that insurance companies are discriminating against this segment of the population without taking into consideration other factors. This makes it difficult for this demographic to locate and obtain affordable life insurance because of these views. When this…...

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References

2012 Indigenous Report, 2012, Productivity Commission. Available from: [30 April 2013].

Genetic Discrimination, 2012, NHMRC. Available from:

CSR
Contrasting Different Vantage Points Regarding the Role of CSR and Business Ethics

Introduction to Corporate Social Responsibility

Review of the Variety of Ethical Systems

Contemporary Vantage Points

Corporate social responsibilities as well as business ethics have served as hotly contested issues over the last few decades. There has yet to be a consensus reached, to say the least, as to what there composition should look like or even if they are necessary academic pursuits at all. Research was conducted in regards to the various categories of ethical systems in existence and concluded that each system has merit under various sets of circumstances. Furthermore, contemporary individuals who have acted to influence business culture were identified, compared, and contrasted. It was found that there arguments were reasonable based on their assumptions however these assumptions are inherently flawed. The article concludes, that given the growing body of evidence that suggests that life-sustaining ecological systems are in decline,…...

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Works Cited

Alahmad, A. (2010). To Be Ethical Or Not To Be: An International Code of Ethics For Leadership. Journal of Diversity Management, 31-35.

Cavanagh, G., Moberg, D., & Velasquez, M. (1981). The Ethics of Organizational Politics. The Academy of Management Review, 363.

Drucker, P. (1981). What is Business Ethics? The Public Interest, 18-36.

Friedman, M. (1970, September 13). The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits. The New York Times Magazine.

women, Maria and Jessica chose to take a moral Christian perspective or viewpoint and this can be seen because once she learnt of the news the aunt started praying while attempting to call the priest. In addition, in the article she also states that she wanted to allow exactly "what God intended."
This is the moral Christian theory that encompasses Christians who make a serious attempt to obey and follow the rules for their own individual behavior that have been laid out by God and stated in the Bible. This implies that Maria and Jessica respect and value what is said in the bible regarding humanism very highly in their day-to-day behavior.

The Psalms 139:13-16 clearly says "For you created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mother's womb. I praise you because I am fearfully and wonderfully made; your works are wonderful, I know that full well. My…...

Ethical Awareness Inventory esults and Analysis
esults of my Ethical Awareness Inventory described my ethical perspective to be character-based, wherein I evaluate people more on their ethical character than their present actions. Basically, the results determined me as an individual who can see past ethical or unethical actions, and identify an ethical or unethical person based on his/her overall character. Since my ethical perspective is character-based, I value in people the qualities of integrity, honesty, and wisdom. For me, a person with a strong ethical character is one who would be capable of discernment and would not have difficulties knowing what is right and what is wrong. It goes without saying then, that I myself is an individual who has developed an ethical character over time. I consider myself to be an individual with integrity, and I expect other people to develop this integrity as well.

The results are indeed a confirmation…...

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References

Abbott, A. (1983). "Professional Ethics." The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 88, No. 5.

Brown, M. (2006). "Ethical leadership: a review and future directions." The Leadership Quarterly, No. 17.

Typical examples might include decisions not to recall products because the potential financial cost to the organization of recalling millions of units is much greater than the potential financial cost to the organization of simply compensating victims of the malfunctioning products or their families where design or manufacturing defects present risks of harm to consumers (Halbert & Ingulli, 2008). hereas organizational decision makers may view the only prevailing moral standard as being that which is dictated by law, the virtue ethicist would reject that approach out of specific concern for each and every potential victim of harm as well as by the profit-motive underlying that analysis (Hursthouse, 2005).
Ethical Perspective Evolution through the MBA Education Program

My perspective has not necessarily evolved during the MBA program. Rather, I would characterize the effect of the program on my ethical development as having greatly increased my awareness that objective moral values and genuine…...

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Works Cited

Halbert, T. And Ingulli, E. (2008). Law & Ethics in the Business Environment.

Cincinnati: West Legal Studies.

Hursthouse, R. (2005). On Virtue Ethics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Utilitarian Abortion Considerations:

The utilitarian perspective applied to the abortion issue would focus on whether

permitting or prohibiting elective abortion would contribute more positively the interests of society Mill, 2003 p160). The principal difference between the utilitarian and deontological perspectives is that utilitarianism is wholly unconcerned with the underlying motivation for decisions. Whereas deontological formalism values the state of mind of the individual, utilitarianism focuses on the ultimate consequences of the act, irrespective of motivation Russell, 2002 p 99).

Within the utilitarian ethical perspective, rule utilitarianism would promote the choice associated with the overall benefit to others and to society if it were adhered to religiously in all circumstances, irrespective of isolated cases in which the rule produced a negative result Russell, 2002 p101-2). For example, in a society where relative birth and death rates were such that the continuation of society were in jeopardy, the utilitarian perspective might require a prohibition of…...

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(Dershowitz, 2002 p112).

Therefore, the contemporary utilitarian approach to morality in human life is to consider other definitions of "goodness" and "benefit" rather than equating morality with the interests of the greatest number. In many respects, that is the perspective exemplified by the modern American justice system (Dershowitz, 2002 p112). Under that view, the moral rightness or wrongness of elective abortion would seek to weigh the manner in which permitting abortions might benefit society and how that decision would affect all of the individuals directly involved in specific situations. If the initial assumption is that society is benefited by the respect for the autonomous rights of individuals to make personal decisions about abortion without interference from the state, utilitarianism would support the freedom to make that decision.

Under the act utilitarianism perspective, therefore, certain types of abortions (such as in cases of rape, incest, or medical necessity for the life of the mother)

Ethical Dilemmas in Business
Case One:

This is a situation where a disgruntled worker from the company's main competitor mailed top-secret information or innovative product samples to me. Some of the major concerns that arise include whether to forward the information to the firm's research department or to mail the information back to the competitor informing them what is happening. The other ethical dilemmas that arise include whether to ignore or throw the secrets away and whether to notify the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI). hile this situation is more of an ethical situation, it's also a legal concern because of the legal aspects that arise when choosing the most suitable course of action and the legal implications.

From a legal perspective, this situation is covered by Uniform Trade Secrets Act, which contains various provisions on misappropriation and gathering information through improper means. According to the Act, misappropriation is obtaining trade secrets of…...

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Works Cited:

Ackerman, Frank, and Kevin Gallagher. "Getting the Prices Wrong: The Limits of Market-Based Environmental Policy." Tufts University. Global Development and Environment Institute, Tufts University, Oct. 2000. Web. 30 Sept. 2011. .

Millien, Raymond. "Gathering Information on Your Competitors: Competitive Intelligence or Trade Secret Theft?" Washington D.C. Intellectual Property Attorney. DC-Based IP Attorney Raymond Millien, Mar. 2010. Web. 30 Sept. 2011. .

Whipple, Bryan. "Legal Advice: Business Law." LawGuru Answers. WebsiteBroker, Inc., 7 Apr.

2008. Web. 30 Sept. 2011. .

Ethical Issues egarding the use of FID
Ventron United sent out a memo to all their employees that they would be required to carry (adio Frequency Identification), and the chips will be inserted into their left or right hands. The company believes that the FID will allow employees to open doors, log on computers and use a computer. Moreover, the company also reveals that the IFD will assist them monitoring their high-level security equipment because the company has experienced a break in recently. While Ventron United can realize some benefits by inserting the FID on the hands of the employees, I believe this policy raises the ethical and health issues.

The objective of this paper is to discuss the ethical and health issues related to the use of FID by employees.

Ethical Issues related to Inserting FID on Employees Hands

This paper is in the response of the FID chips that Ventron United is…...

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Reference

Bacheldor, B. (2016). AMA Issues Ethics Code for RFID Chip Implants. RFID Journals

Kelly, E. P. & Scott, E. (2007). Ethical Perspectives on the Use of Radio Frequency Identification Tags. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 35 (2): 57-57.

Nursing Ethical Theories
Ethical Theories in Nursing

Significance of Moral in Nursing

Deontology vs. Utilitarianism

Deontology

Utilitarianism

Justice Ethics vs. Care Ethics

Justice Ethics

Care Ethics

ights Ethics

Conflict of ights

Ethical Theories in Nursing

Moral philosophy has moved from addressing Plato's question of what makes the good person, to Kant's query as to the right thing to do, to Buber's concern with relationship. Whether referring to business ethics' interest in relationships between corporations and consumers; legal ethics' focus on relationships among the legal system, clients, and society; or nursing ethics' consideration of the relationship between patient and nurse; ethics and morality are conceptualized and actualized on the playing field of relationship.

The nature of nursing as a moral endeavor is an assumption embedded in any philosophical or theoretical consideration of the discipline and practice of nursing. An the goal of nursing is a moral one, namely, the good of those for whom nurses care, no aspect of practice exists that does not…...

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References

Bandman, E.L., & Bandman, B.(1995). Nursing ethics through the lifespan (3rd ed.). Stamford, CT: Appleton & Lange

Buber, M.(1965). Between man and man (R.G. Smith & M.Friedman, Trans). New York: Macmillan. (Original work published 1947).

Carper, B. (1979). The ethics of caring. Advances in Nursing Science, 1(3), 11-19

Cooper, M.C. (1991). Principle-oriented ethics and the ethic of care: A creative tension. Advances in Nursing Science, 14(2), 22-31.

In this course, we learned that it is important to utilize the prevailing ethical perspectives, in particular to find the one most appropriate to the situation. The consequentialist perspective sheds light on my conclusions -- that national interest is the ultimate objective of both press freedoms and military action but that the latter form of national interest is more immediate in nature and therefore should supersede the former. I feel that my ability to examine this ethical dilemma from a number of viable perspectives and to determine the best perspective and subsequently apply that perspective is evidence that I have mastered the concepts of this course.

The role of press freedom in communication is at the heart of this issue. The ethics of the communication, when the dilemma involves two mutually exclusive points of national interest, is difficult to evaluate. In providing a framework for this evaluation and for this discussion…...

Ethics
There are several different ethical perspectives that one can take to evaluate the goodness of actions. Among the leading philosophies are virtue ethics, consequentialism, utilitarianism (a specific type of consequentialism) and Kantian ethics, specifically universal law. This paper will examine three scenarios in the workplace against these different ethical philosophies. The first scenario is an employee making long distance phone calls on the company dime; the second two employees having sex in the conference room after hours and the third is an employee who drinks excessively at lunch.

Personal Phone Calls

Among the schools of normative ethics, virtue ethics is the one that emphasizes moral character (Hursthouse, 2012). There are two basic ways to look at these phone calls from the virtue ethics perspective. From the employee's perspective, no moral person would steal, because theft is not a virtuous act. If stealing could ever be virtuous, there would need to be some…...

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References

Driver, J. (2009). The history of utilitarianism. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved March 31, 2014 from  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history/ 

Hursthouse, R. (2012). Virtue ethics. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved March 31, 2014 from  http://stanford.library.usyd.edu.au/entries/ethics-virtue/ 

Johnson, R. (2008). Kant's moral philosophy. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved March 31, 2014 from  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-moral/ 

Sinnott-Armstrong, W. (2011) Consequentialism. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved March 31, 2014 from  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consequentialism/

ethical?
The first option is by far the most ethical from a utilitarian perspective. The first option allows the business to maintain its going concern condition. It will also help mitigate the damage of layoffs, wage restrictions, and benefit reductions to staff. This option, therefore provides the greatest amount of good to society at the lowest possible cost. The reputation of the business would also remain intact, further providing benefit to society, in that management is dedicated to its employees.

From an egoism perspective, the second option would be the most ethical. It allows for Joe Woodman, to serve his own needs at the expense of lost jobs, wages and benefits to others. Under the assumption that Joe wants to maintain control of the business, this alternative allows him to do so, while also helping the company generate stable and consistent cash flow. The use of expert management, would also provide…...

Business Ethics and Corporate Social esponsibility Page |
Fannie Mae

Outside Evaluation elated to Corporate Governance and Business Ethics

Corporate social responsibility is the corporate conscience of the company that provides corporate self-regulation combined with business models (D Wood, 1991). The CS policy framework provides guidelines for businesses to have active compliance with the corporate laws, ethical standards and international norms if the company is doing business globally. The objective of CS policy guideline is to encourage company towards activities that supports positive work environment, consumer care, employee development, community responsibility, stakeholders concerns and external public affair. CS proactively augment the public interest (PI) by encouraging community growth and development, and voluntarily eliminate actions that harm the public interest, regardless of legality (Saether, Kim T. & uth V. Aguilera, 2008). The corporate social responsibility is the model of Creating Shared Value. The shared value model is built on the idea that corporate success…...

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References

D Wood, (1991). Corporate Social Performance Revisited. The Academy of Management Review

Gray, R.H. Owen D.L. & Maunders, K.T. (1987) Corporate Social Reporting: Accounting and accountability, Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall, 1987

Heiman, Frederick D. (2008). Designing effective incentive bonus programs

Retrieved on 20th Oct 2011 through:

Staff AuditorCorporate responsibility, accountability, and ethics have become some of the most critical and hot issues in the business world (Nuseir & Ghandour, 2019). Business organizations are faced with numerous ethical issues relating to workplace safety, privacy threats, and legal liability. For business managers and management personnel, ensuring trust, honesty and integrity is an essential step toward promoting ethical decision-making and practices in an organization. Given the complexities relating to ethics, business organizations face numerous issues and dilemmas requiring urgent attention. ABC Company is an example of an organization facing an ethical dilemma with the upcoming audits by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). This report examines the ethical dilemma facing this business organization in relation to the upcoming audit.Overview of the CaseABC Company is facing an ethical dilemma relating to the insertion and submission of missing revised work papers to PCAOB inspectors for auditing. While company policy requires…...

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ReferencesAssociation of International Certified Professional Accountants. (2016). AICPA Code of Professional Conduct. Retrieved September 6, 2021, from C. & Flasher, R. (2017). Two short case studies in staff auditor and student ethical decision making. Issues in Accounting Education, 33(1), 45-48.Kassim, C.K.H.C.K., Nasir, N.E.M. & Ahmad, S. (2015). Academic dishonesty of accounting students at higher learning institutions. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), 702-707.“Policy 150.25 – Academic Integrity.” (2021). Academic Integrity Policy. Retrieved from University of Maryland Global Campus website:  https://www.umgc.edu/administration/policies-and-reporting/policies/academic-affairs/academic-integrity.cfmhttps://www.aicpa.org/content/dam/aicpa/research/standards/codeofconduct/downloadabledocuments/2014december15contentasof2016august31codeofconduct.pdfCheng,

Organ donation is a process that allows a person to donate their organs to another person.  Most organ donation is done after death and can be accomplished either through a person choosing to be an organ donor or by survivors choosing to donate the organs.  However, there are some organ donations from living donors, such as kidney transplants.  To some people, organ donation is an ethical issue, however the ethical perspectives vary.  For some, it is an ethical violation to donate organs and may go against religious norms.  For others, it is unethical not to....

The dynamic intersection between philosophical ethics and Christian theology is a complex and rich area of study that involves examining the moral principles and values that guide human behavior and decision-making, in both secular and religious contexts. This paper aims to explore this intersection, tracing the historical development of ethical thought in Western philosophy and Christian theology, and examining the ways in which these two disciplines have influenced each other over time.

One of the central themes in this exploration is the concept of moral realism, which asserts that moral values and principles are objective and independent of human beliefs or....

Titles and Moral Development: Shaping Individuals' Ethical Compass

Titles hold a profound influence on shaping individuals' moral development by:

1. Establishing Behavioral Expectations:

Titles convey specific roles and responsibilities, creating expectations for appropriate behavior. Individuals with titles like "Doctor" or "President" are expected to exhibit higher ethical standards, while those with less prestigious titles may face lower expectations. This can impact the internalization of moral norms and the development of personal values.

2. Conferring Authority and Responsibility:

Titles grant authority and delegate responsibility, influencing individuals' perception of their moral obligations. Leaders with titles such as "Captain" or "Manager" are expected to make ethical decisions that....

The Elusive Ideal of Absolute Ethicality

The pursuit of ethical conduct is a fundamental aspect of human existence. From the earliest civilizations to modern society, ethical principles have served as a compass guiding our actions and interactions with others. However, the question of whether it is possible to be completely ethical in every situation is a profound and complex one, with no easy answer.

The Challenges of Real-World Ethics

Ethics are not always clear-cut. In the real world, we face complex situations where multiple ethical principles may conflict or where the consequences of our actions are difficult to predict. For example, consider the....