Electronic performance monitoring most often brings up concerns of invasion of privacy, however, there are ways that organizations can stem that concern. Clear communication of the monitoring policy, as well as participation in the formation of the monitoring policy should significant impact on the perceived invasion of the privacy, and as such should be taken into consideration by all organizations that have a cyber surveillance policy in place.
Appendix

Means, Standard Deviations, Zero-Order Correlations, and Scale eliabilities (N = 206)

Variable M. SD 1-2-3 4

1. elevancea 0.49 0.50

2. Participationa 0.50 0.50 -.01

3. Consistencya 0.50 0.50 -.02.00

4. Invasion of Privacy 3.73 1.67 -.49** -.14* -.01 (.96)

Note. Alpha reliabilities for relevant scales are in parentheses.

elevance, participation and consistency refer to the manipulated variables, dummy coded as 0 = lower levels and 1 = higher levels of the respective variables.

05 ** p...

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References

Alge, B. (1 Aug 2001). Effects of computer surveillance on perceptions of privacy and procedural justice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86 (4). Retrieved October 25, 2004, from InfoTrac OneFile database.

Goldsborough, R. (Sept 1999). Speak freely on the Net, but think first. RN, 62 (9). Retrieved October 25, 2004, from InfoTrace OneFile database.

Smith, J. (1997). Keeping tabs on the home-office contingent. Management Review, 86 (10). Retrieved October 25, 2004, from Business Source Premier database.

Taras, D.G. & Bennett, J.T. (Spring 2003). E-voice and individual privacy: Emerging issues at the intersection of technology and employment. Journal of Labor Research, 24 (2). Retrieved October 25, 2004, from Business Source Premier database.

Cultural beliefs transmitted by media include such notions as police officers are heroes. In reality, the media works in strengthening and affirming the cultural notions present in a society.
It holds true particularly for the messages about the ethics involved in the crime and justice incidents transmitted by the media. Many people do not experience crime firsthand or the system through which justice is brought. In this case, it is the media that helps to communicate the relevant information and implications of the ethics of a crime and its justification to the general public. Thus, in order to understand the system of ethics in policing the information portrayed by the media needs to be taken into account. Thus, any content conveyed by the media about the system is considered to be right and an accurate sample of reality. Thus this is how the present notions about crime and criminal justice…...

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References

Anshel, M.H. (2000). A conceptual model and implications for coping with stressful events in police work. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 27, 375 -- 400.

Ashkanasy, N.M., Hartel, C.E.J., & Daus, C.S. (2002). Advances in organizational behavior: Diversity and emotions. Journal of Management, 28, 307 -- 338.

Barchard, K.A. (2001). Emotional and social intelligence. Personality and intelligence. In R.J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of human intelligence (pp. 308 -- 351). New York: Cambridge University Press.

Carmeli, a., & Josman, Z. (2006). The relationship among emotional intelligence, task performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Human Performance, 19(4), 403 -- 419.

Ethical Considerations of Children as Organ Donors
Ethical dilemmas are defined as a situation that "…involves the need to choose from among two or more morally acceptable courses of action, when one choice prevents selecting the other; or, the need to choose between equally unacceptable alternatives (Hamric, Spross, and Hanson, 2000 cited in: A Framework for esolving Ethical Dilemmas in Healthcare, 2003) Chasson writes that values and ethics have a relationship that is clear and that the mixture of these two can serve to create complications for the nurse and specifically that moral values "are evaluated in terms of positive or negative effects. If the choice between good or bad results is very clear, no confusion or ethical dilemma will ensue…" (nd, p.13) However, when the choice is not clear the moral choices are fraught with great difficulty. ecent studies have demonstrated that living donors are an increasingly important organ transplantation…...

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References

Olbrisch, M.E., Levenson, J.L., and Newman, J.D. (2010) Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation. Ethical Legal and Financial Considerations. April 2010, Vol. 15 Issue 2. Online available at:  http://journals.lww.com/co-transplantation/Abstract/2010/04000/Children_as_living_organ_donors__current_views_and.19.aspx 

Pentz, R.D. et al. (2010) The Ethical Justification for Minor Sibling Bone Marrow Donation: A Case Study. The Oncologist 2008;13:148-151.

Ross, L.F., Thistlethwaite, J.R. (2008) Minors as Living Solid-Organ Donors. Pediatrics Vol. 122, No. 2 August 2008. Online available at:  http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/122/2/454 

Sheldon, M. (2004) Guest Editorial: Children as Organ Donors: A Persistent Ethical Issue. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics (2004), 13, 119 -- 122..

Posing as medical professionals does not provide the greatest amount of good, as it led mothers away from the superior practice of breastfeeding, by deception. The primary good this caused was to Nestle and its stakeholders. Giving new mothers samples and providing no or low-cost supplies to health institutions, however, was not ethically wrong. These mothers and institutions received the benefit of free and low-cost supplies. It was then their choice to utilize these supplies.
And, lastly, the inadequate warning labels on the infant formula certainly did not provide the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people. In fact, it could be easily argued that it caused harm to the greatest number of people.

Once again, the only good this act served was directed at the stakeholders of Nestle. By not providing adequate warnings, mothers in developing nations, with less than modern kitchen facilities, thought it was safe…...

Ethical Implications of Nonmaleficence
As a professional counselor, one is in a unique position to influence the mental health and emotional well-being of one's clients. Indeed, the profession places the individual in direct contact with highly vulnerable subjects, creating a great opportunity for the provision of meaningful psychological care. However, this same capacity for influence can be problematic if not checked by a proper degree of ethical control. This is especially well demonstrated through the concept of nonmaleficence, which denotes the ethical responsibility of the counselor to refrain from any influence that might compromise the rights of or cause harm to the subject.

The two scholarly articles considered here help to broaden our understanding of this concept and the expectations which it imposes upon the professional mental health counselor. To this end, the text by Zur (2010) offers a precise understanding of nonmaleficence as a counseling concept. According to Zur, the responsibility…...

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Works Cited:

Pieterse, A.L.; Evans, S.A.; Risner-Butner, A.; Collins, N.M. & Mason, L.B. (2009). Multicultural Competence and Social Justice Training in Counseling Psycchology and Counselor Education. The Counseling Psychologist, 37(1), 93-115.

Zur, O. (2010). Power in Psychotherapy and Counseling. Zur Institute.

Ethics Considerations
The idea that man is expected to behave based on a certain order relating to 'right' and 'wrong' is abstract by itself. The forces and influences that define right and wrong are subject to disagreement. This gives us the ongoing academic and philosophical debate on the matter of ethics. The intent of the account provided here is to show that ethics may not be limited to hard and fast rules about that which is good and that which is evil, but instead, it is necessary for all individuals to have an understanding of the theories of ethical behavior so that we may make decisions that meet a positive moral standard

Therefore, it is important to establish a knowledge of what marks ethical or unethical behavior. Essentially, our reading leads to the understanding that ethical behavior is usually that which comes from a rational way of understanding the impact and consequences…...

Culture Interest
Ethical Considerations elevant to the Practice of Marriage and Family Therapy

We are living in an extremely difficult and increasingly complex world. Every issue that is raised has several varied points-of-view and dialogues. Similarly, traditional institutions such as religion and marriage are also being questioned by a good number of people. Seeing all this, it can be easily concluded that there are very few absolutes that are out there to guide our lives. If that is the case, it means that we are all left to ourselves to weigh up and assess the circumstances and to make decisions accordingly. This is what we call the ethical position. However, people need to interact and exchange their experiences socially to create new ideas. This social exchange of views helps people to analyze and comprehend the problematic situation and so that fruitful steps can be taken to avoid the difficulties. This interaction…...

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References

Brannon, L. (1983). 11: MARRIAGE and FAMILY THERAPY WITH BLACK CLIENTS: METHOD and STRUCTURE. In Black Marriage and Family Therapy, Obudho, C.E. (Ed.) (pp. 169-184). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Retrieved January 18, 2012, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=28653622 

Corey, G., Corey, M.S., & Callanan, P. (2011). Issues and ethics in the helping professions. USA: Cengage Learning Inc. Retrieved January 20, 2012 from  http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=rYMlUIioLdQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Issues+and+ethics+in+the+helping+professions&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5WwWT-S5KIi3hAfWz6npAg&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Issues%20and%20ethics%20in%20the%20helping%20professions&f=false 

Hecker, L.L., & Wetchler, J.L. (2003). An introduction to marriage and family therapy. New York: The Haworth Clinical Practice Press. Retrieved January 18, 2012 from  http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=lIbh4S8pe88C&pg=PA495&dq=issues+in+the+practice+of+marriage+and+family+therapy&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VHMWT7KMMMfChAer6KH5Ag&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=issues%20in%20the%20practice%20of%20marriage%20and%20family%20therapy&f=false 

Inger, I.B., & Inger, J. (1994). Creating an Ethical Position in Family Therapy. London: Karnac Books. Retrieved January 18, 2012, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=72412566

Acting in an ethical manner should be indisputable conduct in companies and not just because developing a reputation for trustworthiness and honesty is eventually good for business, but because of the overall effect it can have on society. Businesses are a huge element of American society. They're very influential and drive many decisions (Susca, 2006).
Business ethics is a device that companies use to make sure managers, directors, or executive officers act correctly in a variety of business situations. Ethical decision making is an effort to encourage the company as a whole, rather than letting one person profit from the business decisions that are being made. People who constantly make decisions based on their personal benefit may produce legal liabilities for a company that can lead to bankruptcy. Generating an ethical business atmosphere does not happen suddenly. Companies often need to spend time and money training and promoting business ethics…...

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References

A Framework for Thinking Ethically. (2010). Retrieved from  http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/decision/framework.html 

Ethical leadership, decision-making, and organizations. (2010). Retrieved from  http://www.businessballs.com/ethical_management_leadership.htm 

Susca, D. (2006). Making ethical business decisions. Retrieved from  http://www.cbia.com/cbianews/2006/07/200607cs_makeethicalbizdecisions.htm 

Vitez, O. (2011). Decision Making in Business Ethics. Retreived from  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/decision-making-business-ethics-446.html

It would therefore be a major breach of ethics for the status of individuals in the study to be leaked.
Another ethical challenge would be keeping the status of individuals from their significant others. Women are often in relationships where the power and economic disparities require them to remain in those relationships for mere survival. Should their status become known by their partner this may threaten the longevity of the union. Additionally, some women are engage in sex work. These women may choose not use condoms or have their partner use them. The knowledge of their status may negatively affect relational and economic opportunities for many women.

Interpreting the results of this study should be limited to women. The study utilizes a sample containing White and African-American women. Thus it would be inappropriate to use the work to make statements about male populations. This limitation is important since the mechanisms under…...

Marketing, Product Safety, and Intellectual Property
Business ethics have become an increasingly essential requirement for firms, especially with the ongoing situation of globalization of the world economy. In the long run, corporate-to-corporate ethics of suitable behavior influence the achievement of businesses in a positive way, or have the power to greatly impact the behavior. As a consequence, the downfall of ethical disgrace has appeared both in Europe and in the United States of America. Important lessons can be learned from the corporate ethical downfall that vividly reveals the need and significance of business ethics (Perry-Green, 2013).

According to dictionaries, ethics relate to those issues associated with the common nature of morals, and of the particular moral preferences to be made by an individual. Simply put, ethics are obtained from an individual's moral values. Personal values and beliefs constitute a considerable segment of any debate concerning ethics. Ethics can be altered, shaped,…...

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References

Brown, K.C. (2014). Legal and Ethical Considerations in Marketing, Product Safety, and Intellectual Property. Morrisonville: Strayer University.

Elmendorf, D. (2011). Potential Effects of a Ban on Direct to-Consumer Advertising of New Prescription Drugs. Retrieved from prescription drug:  http://prescriptiondrugs.procon.org/sourcefiles/cbo_dtc_prescription_drugs_may_2011.pdf 

Eroglu, L. (1996). Drug research, ethic rules and regulations. Security period, pp. 1-6.

Federal bureau of Investigations. (2013, April 23). Branch Man Pleads Guilty to Theft of Intellectual Property. Retrieved from FBI.gov:  https://www.fbi.gov/neworleans/press-releases/2013/branch-man-pleads-guilty-to-theft-of-intellectual-property

Reynolds and Bowie (2004) show that the three most important criteria of a Kant-based ethics system are to "act as though the maxim of your action were to…become a universal law of nature," to "act so that you treat humanity…always as an end and never as a means only" and "act as if your maxims should serve at the same time as universal law for all rational beings." These imperatives therefore should form the basis of any ethics program.
This implies a few things about ethics plans in the broadband business. The first is that employees should be a stakeholder of equal importance to any other, including the shareholders. All rational stakeholders must be given equal treatment in the ethic plan. The second implication is that the company should behave as though its behaviors are to be applied to it. This is of particular relevance to Telstra, which may find…...

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Works Cited:

Datamonitor. (2010). Company profile: Telstra. In possession of the author

Reynolds, S. & Bowie, N. (2004). A Kantian perspective on the characteristics of ethical programs. Business Ethics Quarterly. Vol. 14 (2) 275-292.

Colle, S. & Werhane, P. (2008). Moral motivation across ethical theories: What can we learn for designing corporate ethics programs? Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 81 (4) 751-764.

Allard, J. (2006). Ethics at work. CA Magazine. Vol. 139 (6) 30-35.

Medical Procedures and Ethical Considerations
andomized Clinical Trials (CT) is a medical study whereby the participants are randomly assigned to groups or team which are then used to compare different treatments. The members of the groups are then subjected to a chosen treatment hence the group members will have similar treatments though different from members of another group. The same treatment of the members of a group is aimed at having objective results received from all the members of the group. However, the loyalty of the physician to the patients is compromised by using this method on the patients. In as much as it is the choice of the patient to participate in the trials, the random selection into the groups does not give the individual the prior knowledge of the kind of treatment that he will be subjected to. He may give concept, but this is largely uninformed consent since…...

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References

Grady C., (2016). Clinical Trials. Retrieved March 16, 2016 from  http://www.thehastingscenter.org/Publications/BriefingBook/Detail.aspx?id=2164 

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, (1979). Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. Retrieved March 16, 2016 from  http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/humansubjects/guidance/belmont.html

Ethical ConsiderationsEthical Considerations when Problem-Solving with Criminal Justice Policies and ProgramsIn solving problems, police officers and other members of the criminal justice system are confronted with various ethical challenges. When on active duty, five of the most common issues that actors in the criminal justice system face are: i) deciding the appropriate level of force to use during arrests, ii) protection of the rights of civilians while upholding the law, iii) living an ethical lifestyle outside of work, iv) operating impartially when engaging with the public, and v) avoiding profiling individuals (Pollock, 2021). These ethical considerations have become even more relevant in modern-day policing.Problem-solving models and their use in evaluating criminal justice issues or programsCriminal prevention planning and problem-solving activities are structured using several crime problem-solving methodologies. The SAA model is the most well-known of various schematic guides produced to aid practitioners in using the problem-solving technique (Scan, Analyze, espond,…...

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ReferencesZiembo-Vogl, J., & Meško, G. (2000). Conceptualizing the ethical aspects of community policing inception and practice. Policing in central and Eastern Europe: Ethics, integrity and human rights, 523-536.Reisig, M. D. (2010). Community and problem-oriented policing. Crime and justice, 39(1), 1-53.Clarke, R. V., & Eck, J. E. (2005). Crime analysis for problem solvers in 60 small steps. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services.Kappeler, V. E., & Gaines, L. K. (2012). Community policing: A contemporary perspective. Routledge. Ekblom, P. (2008). The 5Is framework: a practical tool for transfer and sharing of crime prevention and community safety knowledge. Dostupno na: www. designagainstcrime. com. Pristupljeno, 20(8), 2014.Hough, M., & Tilley, N. (1998). Getting the grease to the squeak: Research lessons for crime prevention. Crime detection and prevention series paper 85. London: Home Office. Pollock, J. M. (2021). Ethical dilemmas and decisions in criminal justice. Cengage Learning.

ethics for economics in the Anthropocene given the significance of ethical considerations in ecological economics. Based on the discussion, ethics play an important part in the establishment of scientifically-based economics (Brown & Timmerman, 2015, p.67). This implies that industry experts, policy makers and other key stakeholders should consider ethics and moral issues when establishing scientifically-based economics. This type of economics, which is also known as ecological economics comprise energy and material flows. Energy demonstrates the significance of ethical considerations in this case because adoption of environmentally-friendly strategies and practices require ethics. In this regard, an ethical foundation should be established in order to achieve such practices and ensure sustainability across industry practices.
Through emphasis on ethical considerations in development of scientifically-based economics, Brown & Timmerman (2015) seemingly implies that one of the reasons environmentally harmful practices have dominated the energy sector is the failure to establish an ethical foundation. Even…...

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Reference

Brown, P.G. & Timmerman, P. (2015). Ecological economics for the Anthropocene: an emerging paradigm. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.

Ethical Aspects in esearch Studies
The essential aspects of research are the concern and respect that the researchers offer to the participants. esearch is aimed at producing insights that are beneficial to the society. However, the research should be conducted ethically. The ethical concern in research adduces that it should not advance a society at the detriment of others especially the participants in the research. Ethics in research is vital because it guides the working principles of the researcher for the research to conform to the required standards. This is the case especially when research subjects in health or medical research are often human beings. Therefore, it is vital to respect these individuals. The guiding principles in research ethics focus on preserving the rights and dignity of the research participants. In this regard, ethics focus on ensuring consent is obtained, no harm is done, the participant's privacy is respected, and the…...

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References

Austin, W. (2007). The Ethics of Everyday Practice: Healthcare Environments as Moral Communities. Advances in Nursing Science, Volume 30 - Issue 1 - p 81-88.

Bernadette M.M. & Ellen F.O. (2011). Evidence-based practice in nursing and health care: a guide to best practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Carol J.H. (2013). Professional Issues in Nursing: Challenges and Opportunities. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Corey-L., Patricia M., Anita J., Marlene Z., & Alison M. (1999). Healthcare Reform: Its Effects on Nurses. Journal of Nursing Administration, Volume 29 - Issue 3 - pp 30-37.

Sure! I can certainly help you with creating a research proposal and outline for your college paper on educational reform. Here is an example of how you can structure your proposal and outline, including proper spacing:

Research Proposal:

Title: Examining the Effectiveness of Educational Reform Initiatives in Enhancing Student Achievement

I. Introduction
A. Background and Context
B. Problem Statement
C. Research Questions
D. Significance of the Study

II. Literature Review
A. Overview of Educational Reform
B. Key Concepts and Theories
C. Previous Studies and Findings

III. Methodology
A. Research Design
B. Data Collection Methods
C. Sample Selection
D. Data Analysis Techniques

IV. Expected Results
A. Hypotheses
....

1. The impact of global warming on natural disasters such as hurricanes, droughts, and wildfires.
2. The role of human activities in causing global warming.
3. The effects of melting polar ice caps and rising sea levels on coastal communities.
4. The importance of renewable energy sources in combating global warming.
5. The role of international cooperation in addressing global warming.
6. The economic consequences of global warming for industries such as agriculture, tourism, and insurance.
7. The social and health impacts of global warming on vulnerable populations.
8. The role of education and awareness in combating global warming.
9. The ethical considerations surrounding global warming and climate....

1. The importance of selflessness in building strong and harmonious relationships.
2. Exploring the concept of selflessness in different cultures and religions.
3. The impact of selfless acts on personal fulfillment and happiness.
4. Examining the role of selflessness in personal growth and development.
5. The psychological and social benefits of selflessness.
6. The challenges and rewards of practicing selflessness in modern society.
7. Analyzing real-life examples of selflessness and its impact on individuals and communities.
8. The role of selflessness in leadership and its impact on team dynamics and performance.
9. Exploring the connection between selflessness and empathy.
10. Critically evaluating the limitations and potential negative consequences of....

1. The importance of data governance in healthcare IT systems.
2. The role of data governance in ensuring patient privacy and confidentiality in health IT.
3. Challenges and solutions in implementing effective data governance strategies in healthcare organizations.
4. The impact of data governance on improving healthcare outcomes and patient care.
5. The role of data governance in ensuring data quality and integrity in health IT systems.
6. Ethical considerations in data governance for health IT data.
7. The role of data governance in facilitating interoperability and data sharing in healthcare.
8. The impact of data governance on healthcare analytics and predictive modeling.
9. Strategies for building a....