Equality Efficiency
Arthur Okun argues that a clear line must be drawn between dollars and rights. At the heart of his argument is that there is an inherent conflict between the two in a capitalist democracy, and politicians can only resolve this conflict through "The Big Tradeoff." With respect to rights, Okun notes that they are fundamentally different from dollars in that they are inalienable and equally distributed, and that as such they cannot be bought and sold, nor distributed in any other manner. Rights, therefore, must be held outside the market, otherwise they will have a price and lose their inalienability. Dollars are different because they are not inalienable, and they can be traded or used as incentive. He thus argues that they two are fundamentally distinct from one another, and must be held separate as a result. There can be no blending of the two, or rights will no…...

Historically, since the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, Cambodia has suffered under the oppression of dictators such as Pol Pot, who instituted Communism and its related rights violations of law. As a result, the question of the future of Cambodia has become vitally important and likewise, international law has had to step in to remedy the situation.
Statutes and Charters from the United Nations Tribunals

The evolution of international tribunals from the post World War II period to the present has likewise resulted in the development of United Nations statutes and charters in the interest of equality, justice and peace on a global scale, even beyond those such as the ICTY and ICT. Chief among these, in the opinion of many, is the United Nations Human ights Committee, which blends the consideration of the rights of all of the peoples of the world with the responsibility of international tribunals…...

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References

Pasqualucci, J.M. (2005). Interim Measures in International Human Rights: Evolution and Harmonization. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 38(1), 1+.

Rakove, J. (2003, September/October). Europe's Floundering Fathers. Foreign Policy 28+.

Rojansky, M. (2000). Tribunal Tribulations. Harvard International Review, 22(2), 13.

Tochilovsky, V. (2003). Globalizing Criminal Justice: Challenges for the International Criminal Court. Global Governance, 9(3), 291+.

342). All applicants should be treated equally regardless of race. Creating a more diverse student body may be an admirable goal, but it is not a legally valid one for use during the admissions process (p. 345). The Constitution does not guarantee the right to preferential treatment on the basis of past discrimination; the Constitution does, however, guarantee equally protection of the law. Court decisions have wavered over the right of institutions to actively create a more ethnically diverse student body. Just as a school might prefer an athlete over a musician for admission because of the need to bolster athletics programs, a school might also prefer a Latino over a white student because of the need to bolster the campus's Spanish-language programs or social organizations. Courts have used terms like "flexibility" to describe admissions procedures that, while not being fully blind, are also nondiscriminatory (p. 348). Institutions aware…...

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References

Gosepath, S. (2007). Equality. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved April 12, 2009 from  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/equality/ 

Kaplan & Lee.

Equality at Seeall
Much has been said and written about the importance of equity and fairness. After all, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness are benchmark principles in this country. The purpose of this essay is to discuss equality and the positive and negative qualities that this ideal has in the public school system. This essay will address The Seeall Academy, the school where I teach, and discuss the ways that equality is addressed in that environment. The relationship between equality and excellence will also be discussed as a means of contextualizing the framework in how this principle is practically applied.

Equality

Equality is overrated in many aspects. While we are born equal, we no doubt progress at a different pace. Equality explains a static situation where all things are at standstill. Total equality is motionless and dead. In striving for equality we sell ourselves short many times. Instead of being like…...

Equality in Education: a Summary of Three Articles
Gerry Someone

EQUALITY IN EDUCATION

EQUALITY IN EDUCATION

Answering My Sister's Question: The Critical Importance of Education for Diversity in Those Spaces here e Think e Are All the Same

Issues of racism and segregation are fairly well documented in the United States, whereas Canada is not generally known for having any problems of the sort, now or ever. That is what is addressed in the article by Michael Corbett. The author's sister asked a question that, for him, symbolized the relationship Canadians, or more specifically, Nova Scotians have with the issue of discrimination; she asked, "hen were schools desegregated in Nova Scotia?"

The author first makes the point that although "officially" schools were desegregated in 1954, that doesn't necessarily mean anything changed for those schoolchildren on the receiving end of discrimination. More than five decades later, segregation remains in stark, unacknowledged effect. The problem stems from habitual…...

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Works Cited

Baldwin, J. (1963, December 21). A talk to teachers. Retrieved from http://www.richgibson.com/talktotheteachers.htm.

Corbett, M. (2010). Answering my sister's question: the critical importance of education for diversity in those spaces where we think we are all the same. Journal of Inquiry & Action in Education, 3(3), 1-17.

Willinsky, J. (1998). Science and the origin of race. In Learning to divide the world: Education at empire's end (pp. 161-187). Minneanapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

Equality: One Small Step at a Time
The right of same-sex couples to marry could not be less relevant to my life, but I cannot help but notice our apparent inability to learn from past experience as a nation. Simultaneously with the historic election of the first black U.S. president, voters in California passed Proposition 8 as part of a nationwide "Defense of Marriage Act" (DOMA) initiative introduced by the Bush administration that has evolved into a series of attempts to oppose same-sex marriage through legislation and state constitutional amendments (Edwards, Wattenberg, & Lineberry, 2009). There is tremendous irony in the extremely slow and largely incremental pattern of social progress in recognizing the need to apply equality more benevolently. In principle, the long argument over the rights of same-sex couples is playing out in the identical rhetoric as was used to justify laws prohibiting miscegenation (interracial) marriage until after the Civil…...

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References

Bennett, W.J. "Gay Marriage: Not a Very Good Idea." The Washington Post (May

21, 1996).

Edwards, G., Wattenberg, M., and Lineberry, R. (2009). Government in America: People,

Politics, and Policy. New York, NY: Longman.

This does not mean that women are the nicer or better sex; women are definitely capable of misusing power. However, in comparison to men, women have less power and status in heterosexual partnerships, are less prepared for physical fights, or affirm difference without being threatened, and are more likely to be dissatisfied with the relationship and want to leave. These factors often place women at high risk of domestic violence.
In the past decade, women have enjoyed opportunities that their mothers and grandmothers would have never imagined they could. Since early history and the ancient civilization of man, women have played a submissive role, in which women were viewed as unequal to men. A women's role in society was that of raising children, and jobs that required feminine characteristics. Many women today want careers and to be self-sustaining individuals. As more and more women are striving to gain equality in…...

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References

Earle, J., and V. Roach. (1989). Female Dropouts: A New Perspective. Alexandria, Va.: National Association of State Boards of Education, 4 Gillet, Sue; Morda, Romana. (2000). Gender Differences in Self-Estimated Leadership Skills. Victoria University, Research Paper.

Einarsson C. And Granstrm K. (June, 2002). Gender-biased Interaction in the Classroom: the influence of gender and age in the relationship between teacher and pupil. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, Volume 46, Number 2.

Glick, P., Zion, C., & Nelson, C. (1988). What mediates sex discrimination in hiring decisions? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 178-186.

Henning, K. And Feder, L.. 2004. A Comparison of Men and Women Arrested for Domestic Violence: Who Presents the Greatest Threat? Journal of Family Violence. Vol. 19 no. 2: 69-80.

Thus, it also does not answer the three questions above in a positive fashion. The only thing that can be said is that for the short-run "it is a refuge from cleavage and strife" or the "best that we can do for the time being." That is not saying very much, surely.
It appears, then, that of the different ways to meet these three questions noted above, that it may be best to find ways to reduce disparity by changing public policy in areas such as housing and home ownership. The paper "The changing determinants of Inter-racial home ownership disparities: New York City in the 1990s" and "A dream deferred or realized: the impact of public policy on fostering black homeowners in New York City throughout the 1990s" by Lance Freeman and Darrick Hamilton, both show how the "prescription for change" is not one taking one action, but several: 1)…...

Equality
A country built on the credo of democracy, America is a society built on the values of freedom and equality. These two concepts are inevitably related to each other, where the presence of freedom inevitably results to the creation of an egalitarian society. History is witness to significant events that showed how America and its people struggled to create a society where equality is considered essential. The American Civil War in 1861 was the first attempt of the Americans to fight not only for their freedom, but also for their right to be considered equal, and not a colony, to the British government. The World War II was another manifestation of America's regard for equality. Fighting against Hitler's anti-Semitist campaign, America involved itself in a world war that sought to achieve equal rights for people despite differences in race, gender, age, and socio-economic class. Lastly, the Civil Rights movement…...

Women's Equality:
The nineteenth amendment to the United States Constitution that was enacted on August 26, 1920 granted women the right to vote. The amendment basically states that citizens of the United States have the right to vote, which shall not be edited or denied by the country or any State on the basis of gender. As a result of the enactment of this amendment, August 26 was designated by the U.S. Congress as "Women's Equality Day," which honors the ongoing contributions and efforts of women towards equality. Women's equality day has become an important date in the United States as workplaces, organizations, libraries, and public institutions or facilities participate in programs and activities that honor women's equality initiatives. The right to vote as granted in the constitution has enabled women to have the opportunity to try gain equal rights in the society and the U.S. military.

Women's ights:

The quest for women…...

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References:

Betchel, K.J. & Arundel, A. (n.d.). Women's Rights in the American Century. Retrieved from University of Maryland, Baltimore County website:  http://www.umbc.edu/che/tahlessons/pdf/Women%27s_Rights_in_the_American_Century.PrinterFriendly.pdf 

"Fifty Years After The Equal Pay Act." (2013, June). National Equal Pay Task Force. Retrieved from United States Government website:  http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/image/image_file/equal_pay-task_force_progress_report_june_10_2013.pdf 

Fuentes, S.P. (2001). The Women's Rights Movement: Where It's Been, Where It's At. Retrieved

from University of Maryland, Baltimore County website:  http://userpages.umbc.edu/~korenman/wmst/womens_rights.html

Ultimately, there are differences between men and women, but these differences should not make a difference in the culture, and certainly in the law. Just because a woman can become pregnant and a man cannot is not a reason to create and perpetuate laws that deal with men and women differently in culture and society. Men can bond just as deeply with their children as women can, and so the "mother-nurturer" model that defines women could also define men, and it should not be used to create barriers between the sexes, in the home, or in the courtroom.

It is clear that American laws have come a long way since women gained their right to vote. However, they have not come far enough. Women are still seen as "different," and until this view changes in society, the courts will continue to uphold laws that create lines between men and women. Today,…...

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References

Williams, Wendy M. "The Equality Crisis." The Second Wave: A Reader in Feminist Theory. Ed. Linda Nicholson. New York: Routledge, 1997. 71-91.

Integrate Summary Equality often has an intangible element to it as it relates to causes and influences on others. Both chapter 5 and chapter 6 shed light on these intangible influences and their overall manifestation in society. Chapter 5 focuses heavily on the definitions of both power and oppression and how they can influence society. Oppression for example creates a set of policies, traditions and norms that look to benefit one social group at the expense of another. Even more alarming is typically, the group that benefits tends to own, control and influence all the factors of economic prosperity in society. As a result, it is difficult for the oppressed to elicit change without the help of those doing the oppressing. This dynamic creates a very powerful push and pull effect on society as parties look to recreate and establish equality. Chapter 5 using the example of the women’s suffrage movement…...

Human Rights
Sadurski. Wojciech. (1986) 60 "Equality Before the Law: A Conceptual Analysis." The Australian Law Review. (Pp.66-71)

s everyone equal in the eyes of the law, regardless of creed, culture, or other group affiliation? Or should the law be made equal for everyone by considering the law's contextual application in society? t is this subtle distinction that Wojciech Sadurski (1986) grapples with in his article entitled "Equality Before the Law: A Conceptual Analysis." Sadurski comes down, in his opinion, squarely on the side of the second position. He suggests that to refuse to acknowledge individual differences and to enforce the law in the same fashion towards everyone in a society may actually reinforce societal structures of inequality rather than alleviate such strictures. This stands, he admits, in opposition to the liberal humanist tradition of Mill and Rousseau, on which most liberal democracies today were founded. (66-67)

Of course, some legal theorists still…...

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Is everyone equal in the eyes of the law, regardless of creed, culture, or other group affiliation? Or should the law be made equal for everyone by considering the law's contextual application in society? It is this subtle distinction that Wojciech Sadurski (1986) grapples with in his article entitled "Equality Before the Law: A Conceptual Analysis." Sadurski comes down, in his opinion, squarely on the side of the second position. He suggests that to refuse to acknowledge individual differences and to enforce the law in the same fashion towards everyone in a society may actually reinforce societal structures of inequality rather than alleviate such strictures. This stands, he admits, in opposition to the liberal humanist tradition of Mill and Rousseau, on which most liberal democracies today were founded. (66-67)

Of course, some legal theorists still believe that actions alone should determine legal enforcement, not affiliation with any particular group. The idea behind such a color-blind concept may have once been noble, namely that an accident of birth should not inhibit one's equal access to justice. (68) Often to justify such 'color blind' applications of the law generates a system of categorization of the individual's protected status of having involuntary or immutable (such as race or gender) and voluntary (such as wealth or intelligence) characteristics that are likely to generate discriminatory policies. The latter characteristics are theoretically controllable, the former uncontrollable. But Sadurski calls the idea of wealth or education as entirely chosen or voluntary a legal as well as a cultural fiction. (70; 69)

Sadurski suggests that uncontrollable factors such as birth certainly do influence one's ability to gain in both money, education, and thus social status, and moreover to ignore race for those individuals from historically discriminated against groups with entirely 'color blind' laws is an act of bias in and of itself, given the social and historical circumstances in which the laws are operating. (71) Equality under the law, states Sadurski, means that the law is operating in a just fashion. (71) Thus, Sadurski makes a plea for law in context, rather than law in the absolute.

John Locke, whose views helped to shape the values of the early American nation, equality is not just necessary in the establishment of government but is also a requisite in maintaining a safe and stable nation," (Broers, 2009). Locke based his ideas on two general observations: one is that nature exhibits ideal equality of opportunity even when there are differences between species or between individuals in each species. Equality does not mean sameness; it simply means the absence of "subordination or subjection," according to Locke (cited by Broers, 2009). The other observation Locke makes about equality being a state of natural law is the fact that membership in a democratic society is considered voluntary. Contrary to totalitarian regimes like that in North Korea, democracies are based on the rights of individuals to participate freely in the political process and make decisions based on shared values. Therefore, equality becomes the…...

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References

Broers, A. (2009). John Locke on equality, toleration, and the atheist exception. Student Pulse. Retrieved online:  http://www.studentpulse.com/articles/75/john-locke-on-equality-toleration-and-the-atheist-exception 

Dunn, J. (2012). Political equality. Retrieved online:  http://athensdialogues.chs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/athensdialogues.woa/wa/dist?dis=34 

Marano, H.E. (2014). Love and power. Psychology Today. Jan 1, 2014. Retrieved online: https://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/201312/love-and-powers

McCabe, H. (2015). Equality. Philosophy Now. Retrieved online:  https://philosophynow.org/issues/94/Equality

MacKinnon's piece shows that free speech is not as free as many people in the country would like to believe, and that the people still have many inroads to reach real gender equality.
MacKinnon cites several examples of court rulings on free speech that actually seem to ensure hate crimes and speech can continue, even though they could incite further crimes of hatred that cause injury or death. This is disturbing for a number of reasons. It means that hate speech is considered free speech, and that hate speech, and the violence that often accompanies it, is condoned by the courts, which is not only dangerous but degrading. The ability to speak one's mind should not harm others, but it seems there is little distinction made in that regard, and that not only incites hatred and prejudice, it harbors danger for anyone who disagrees and chooses to answer with their…...

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References

MacKinnon, Catherine. "Equality and Speech," in Only Words. 1993, pp. 71-110.

There are a number of fantastic slave narratives that really describe the experiences of people in slavery.  However, there is a problem with most of these narratives.  Written by former slaves, these narratives are going to represent a rarity among slaves because their authors could read and write, while teaching a slave to read or write was punishable under many slave codes.  Therefore, we strongly suggest looking at a more comprehensive collection of slave narratives.  Fortunately, the Works Progress Administration compiled slave narratives under a few different programs, most notably the Federal Writer’s Project. ....

To tackle a three-page essay on the meaning of freedom for enslaved people in the United States, it is very important to keep in mind that there was no single idea of freedom.  The condition of slaves varied tremendously throughout the United States.  Some slaves lived near urban areas and had relatively high amounts of personal autonomy as well as exposure to free people of color, while other slaves were in isolation on plantations and may not ever encounter free people or color or even regularly encounter slaves held captive on other plantations.  In addition, men, women,....

Global issues are those issues that have an impact on more than one area of the globe, whether that impact is direct or indirect.  These issues can be things that impact all people, such as global warming, or issues that may not currently impact all people but have a potential global impact, such as the political unrest in the modern day United States.  We have compiled a list of suggested topics for an essay on global issues.  Each of them has at least two perspectives, though one of the perspectives may be stronger or more....

In turn-of-the-century America, there were some major civil rights advances for some groups, while other groups saw no advances in their civil rights and even saw advances that had been made begin to erode.  The time period was well after the end of the Reconstruction era and the beginning of Jim Crow laws, the rise of the suffragette movement, and a continued assault on rights for Native Americans.  There was also a significant increase in anti-Asian discrimination. Here are some suggested titles and thesis statements for an essay about civil rights in this era.

Essay Title....