Economic Trends
In terms of output and growth, Canada's real GDP was 2.96% higher than it was a year ago, but the growth trend is slowing down from a growth rate high of 3.81% in Q3 2010. Japan's economy has contracted in Q2 2011 by 0.76%. It's rate has been volatile, growing rapidly over the past year only to contract again. The UK's growth rate is 1.63%, and that country has had fairly stable, if sluggish, real GDP growth. The current GDP growth rate in the United States is 2.33%. Real GDP growth is on a downward trend in the U.S. But has maintained healthy levels since Q4 2009.

All four countries were affected by the recession. Each experienced real GDP declines during the 2008-2009 period. Japan was the hardest hit. Yet each nation recovered in 2010, only to see the rate of economic growth slow again in 2011.

Canada showed weakness during…...

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Works Cited:

BoC. (2011). Inflation control target. Bank of Canada. Retrieved October 20, 2011 from  http://www.bankofcanada.ca/monetary-policy-introduction/framework/inflation-control-target/ 

Estrella, A. & Trubin, M. (2006). The yield curve as a leading indicator: Some practical issues. Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Retrieved October 20, 2011 from  http://www.newyorkfed.org/research/current_issues/ci12-5/ci12-5.html 

Investopedia. (2011). Yield curve. Investopedia. Retrieved October 20, 2011 from  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/y/yieldcurve.asp#axzz1VCSWJAY8 

St. Louis Fed. (2011). International economic trends: August 2011. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Retrieved October 20, 2011 from  http://research.stlouisfed.org/publications/iet/

Once this take place, it means that the overall inflation rate will begin to rise sharply. (Seabury) in the case of Wal-Mart, they have been affected by higher fuel prices, in delivering goods to local stores. However, the company has found a way to keep their fuel costs as low as possible. Currently, they have been contracting out delivery services, from the manufacturer to its different distribution centers. What is happening is the company using two strategies. One is: delivering various products between the distribution center and the stores. The second part is: the delivery between the manufacturer / whole seller, which has been traditionally contacted out. Over the last couple of years, as fuel prices have increased, the company is seeking to take over delivery services between manufacturers and whole sellers. The reason why, is because as an organization, they can use strategies to reduce the effects of…...

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Bibliography

"Measuring the Economic Impact of Wal-Mart on the U.S. Economy." IHS Global Insight, 2010. Web. 20 Jun. 2010.

"Wal-Mart." Yahoo Finance, 2010. Web. 20. Jun. 2010.

"Wal-Mart Delivers the Best Ever 4Q Result in History." Fibre to Fashion, n.d. Web. 20 Jun. 2010.

Cheng, Andria. "Wal-Mart's Net Climb's 17%." Market Watch, 2008. Web. 20 Jun. 2010.

West to East
Current Global Economic Trends and Their Lasting Effects: The Value Shift to the Eastern Hemisphere

Since the beginning of the Modern Age, when global commerce first became a reality, the Western Hemisphere has had a much greater share of the world's wealth and value capacity than the eastern half of the world. This was centered in Europe, at first, and could arguably said to persist even as far back as the Ancient Greeks and Egyptians, who were able -- along with successive nations and cultures living around the Mediterranean -- had many disparate trading partners with vastly different goods. The Mediterranean, however, actually served to connect the Eastern and Western worlds, and trade was still limited to those civilizations that actually bordered this interconnecting sea. It was Europe's spread into the New Worlds of what are now North and South America that led to Western domination of the global…...

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References

Bloomberg. (2005). "The new world economy." Business Week. Accessed 13 November 2010.  http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_34/b3948401.htm 

Chaddha, P. (2010). "Shift in global trade: Look East policy." The Economic Times. Accessed 13 November 2010.  http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/Shift-in-Global-Trade-Look-East-Policy/articleshow/6290606.cms 

Hoge, J. (2004). "A global power shift in the making." Foreign Affairs. Accessed 13 November 2010.  http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59910/james-f-hoge-jr/a-global-power-shift-in-the-making 

McRae, H. (2008). "Economic View: The world's authorities must recognise the eastward shift in financial power." The Independent. Accessed 13 November 2010.  http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/hamish-mcrae/economic-view-the-worlds-authorities-must-recognise-the-eastward-shift-in-financial-power-1020283.html

Macroeconomic Trends in the United States
The corner appears to have been turned after the subprime mortgage meltdown and the Great ecession of 2008 that followed. Despite this economic downturn, though, the U.S. economy is well on its way to recovering to pre-recession levels, inflation is at manageable levels and the nation's unemployment level continues to improve. The economic policies and stimulus monies that were used by the current executive administration to help the economy recover have done their job and the Great ecession was not as long or as severe as it would have been otherwise. To determine if these assertions are accurate and timely, this paper provides a review of the relevant literature concerning current macroeconomic trends in the United States, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.

eview and Discussion

It may be too soon for a celebration, but it is may be safe to start…...

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References

United States economy. (2012). CIA world factbook. Retrieved from   / publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html.https://www.cia.gov/library 

Inflation rate. (2012). Trading Economics. Retrieved from / united-states/inflation-cpi.http://www.tradingeconomics.com

Schultz, T.D. & Sullivan, DH (2011, October). A value-added tax for America? The CPA

Journal, 81(10), 119-121.

Why does GE finance poorly-rated airlines with its aircraft financing? GE benefits in three ways: (1) its lower cost of capital than the airlines means that it can charge a risk premium, and make more money on the airline debt, (2) it sells aircraft engines and, more critically, spare parts, which are the biggest long-term source of revenue for the company, and (3) the loans are well-collateralized. Even in a bankruptcy procedure, the airlines have relatively little recourse to the assets, and GE would be free to sell or lease the airlines to others. Other leasing companies, while they don't have GE's aircraft engine business, are able to lure tax-advantaged investors (offshore, those receiving tax credits, others) who also give them a lower cost of capital; their expertise in leasing and selling planes, as well as their leverage in pricing negotiations with the major airframe manufacturers gives them an…...

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Bibliography

Business Week. "Why GE Is Keeping Loser Airlines Aloft." Business Week 7 February 2005: n.p.

Francisco, Federal Reserve Bank of San. Competition and Regulation in the Airline Industry. Economic Report. San Francisco: Federal Reserve, 2002.

Gittell, JH, Cameron, K, Lim, S and Rivas, V. "Relationships, Layoffs and Organizational REsiliance." The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science (2006): 300-329.

Mackinac. Price Elasticity of Demand. Economic. Mackinac: Mackinac Center for Public Policy, 1997.

Aside these impacts however, more salient effects are observable, such as a necessity to change internal practices of business. A relevant example in this sense is given by Wal-Mart, in its quality of America's largest retailer, which decided, unlike within the U.S., to allow Chinese employees to unionize (Dessler, 2006). The official approach of the Chinese leaders was that of implementing reforms which further capitalize on the low cost labor force advantage in order to continually attract investors.

5. The Market of Exchange ates

The final step of this analysis is constituted by the look at China's currency policies, in an attempt to reveal if the policies implemented have played any part in the country's competitiveness within the global market. China's currency, the yuan, was pegged to the United States Dollar in 1997, but the link only lasted until 2005. Since then, the mechanism of resetting the value of the national currency…...

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References:

Brasher, K., 2005, China's Opaque Currency Policy, the New York Times,   last accessed on October 21, 2009http://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/22/business/worldbusiness/22assess.html 

Bruton, G.D., Ahlstrom, D., Chan, E.S., 2000, Foreign Firms in China: Facing Human Resources Challenges in a Transnational Economy, SAM Advanced Management Journal, Vol. 65

Buckley, P.J., Clegg, J., Wang, C., 2002, the Impact of Inward FDI on the Performance of Chinese Manufacturing Firms, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 33

Cavanaugh, J., Mander, J., 2004, Alternatives to Economic Globalization: A Better World Is Possible, 2nd Edition, Berrett-Koehler Publishers, ISBN 1576753034

These include: the European Union, China, India, and Japan. Clearly, what many Americans perceive to be simply an economic problem in the United States, has far reaching effects around the globe.
orks Cited

Barba, R. "Centra Returns TARP Money." American Banker 173(65) 6 Apr 2009: p. 4. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .

Crain, K. "It's All About Saving an Industry." Automotive News. 83(6348) 23 Feb 2009: p. 12. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .

Fajt, M. "Iberiabank to Give TARP Infusion Back." American Banker 174(39) 27 Feb 2009: p. 20. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .

Marino, J. "Red Planet." The Dealmaker's Journal. 44(4) Apr 2009: p. 38-65. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .

McGreer, B. & Barba, R. "Here's Your Money Back: 4 Firms Pull…...

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Works Cited

Barba, R. "Centra Returns TARP Money." American Banker 173(65) 6 Apr 2009: p. 4. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .

Crain, K. "It's All About Saving an Industry." Automotive News. 83(6348) 23 Feb 2009: p. 12. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .

Fajt, M. "Iberiabank to Give TARP Infusion Back." American Banker 174(39) 27 Feb 2009: p. 20. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .

Marino, J. "Red Planet." The Dealmaker's Journal. 44(4) Apr 2009: p. 38-65. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .

America's Economy Issue
ith a gross domestic product of $17.5 trillion, the American's economy is the world's largest, but China is closing fast (Bergman 3). In fact, the U.S. economy remains in the doldrums despite having officially recovered from the Great Recession of 2009, but which direction the economy will head next is anyone's guess. This, of course, has not stopped pundits and economics from predicting what is going to happen, and these observations form the issues of interest to this paper. The literature is reviewed below to provide a background and overview of these issues, followed by an examination of recent positive and negative economic trends to determine where the U.S. economy may be headed in the future. A summary of the research and important findings concerning the U.S. economy are provided in the conclusion.

Background and Overview

For the purposes of this analysis, the "American economy" will be discussed in terms…...

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Works Cited

Bergmann, Andrew. "World's largest economies." CNN Money. 2014. Web. 10 Nov. 2014.

Bureau of Economic Analysis. "National Income and Product Accounts -- Gross Domestic

Product, Third Quarter 2014 (Advance Estimate). 30 Oct. 2014. Web. 10 Nov. 2014.

Franken, Al. Rush Limbaugh is a Big Fat Idiot and Other Observations. New York: Delacorte

Home Building Industry: An Economic Strategy
This paper will briefly explore how recent economic indicators such as record low interest rates for mortgages and housing starts should motivate house builders to strategize for continued economic growth. At this time while the housing bubble has not burst, it is important for such companies to focus on strategy in order to remain competitive when the bubble does burst.

This type of boom in originations has spawned tremendous economic growth with regards to employment rates, reurbanization, new home building, consumer spending and confidence and made hundreds of billions of dollars for the players involved. The housing boom kept this country afloat during the darkest moments after September 11, 2001 when other industries like travel, hospitality, entertainment, energy and telecommunications seemed uncertain. One can argue that such a relationship is cyclical; what comes around goes around in the manner of economic trends such as recession and…...

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References

America's Homeownership Challenge. Retrieved June 30, 2005 from the World Wide Web: .

Hecht, B. Housing-Led Economic Development. Retrieved June 30, 2005 from the World Wide Web:

Economic Crisis
The revelation of the financial crisis that unfolded in United States in 2008 is considered to be the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression, 1929. The distinctive causative factors that have contributed to the U.S. economic crisis 2008- 2009 are differentiated by aggravated financial control, higher risks in capital investment, the housing bubble phenomena in relation to the brisk credit expansion. The aggregation of these factors in the U.S. economy directed the economy towards the de- leverage and credit crunches as the bubble burst. The following paper shall be discussing about the degree of correlation between the tax implications policies with respect to the financial crisis in U.S.. The precise review of strong linkages between the taxation and economic crises is the explicit explanation of the crisis that shook America. The paper also highlights the key factors that demonstrated their abilities and rescued U.S. In the economic crisis.

Introduction

The…...

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Reference

Carr, D.A. (2011). Responses to Local Fiscal Shocks: Path Dependency Effects of the Clean Air Act. Public Finance and Management, 11(2), 160+. Retrieved March 9, 2012, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5050180027 

Hendrickson, J.M., & Nichols, M.W. (2010). Did Commercial Banks Close Branches in Low-income Neighborhoods in Response to the Cra? Implications for Understanding the 2007-2008 Financial Crisis. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 13(1), 17+. Retrieved March 9, 2012, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5044499375 

Johnson, E.M. (2010, April). Mr. Trust Buster. In These Times, 34, 7+. Retrieved March 9, 2012, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5041402599 

Robinson, S.N., & Nantz, D.P. (2009). Lessons to Be Learned from the Financial Crisis. Journal of Private Enterprise, 25(1), 5+. Retrieved March 9, 2012, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5037768696

If there is a risk that one of the family members will lose his or her job, that will add risk to the purchase decision. The riskier the purchase decision, the lower the price will need to be in order to compensate for that. Another factor here is the expected change in housing prices or interest rates. Buyers are inclined to enter the market if they believe that the cost of home ownership will be higher next year, but they may delay purchases if they believe that costs will be lower next year.
ith new home sales last summer, the dip could be in part due to worries about a double-dip recession. The summer was characterized by an inane fight over the debt ceiling, something that shattered confidence of many in the political system, and some of the key actors within that system. A fractured political system is one that…...

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Works Cited:

Hauser, C. (2011, Aug 24). Sales of new homes fell again in july. New York Times, pp. B.6-B.6.  http://search.proquest.com/docview/884825381?accountid=35812

Economic Crisis Policies
US current economic crisis is considered to be started from real estate sector. The real sector started to decline in 2006 and it accelerated in 2007 and 2008. Housing prices have fallen from the peak from about 25% so far. The decline in prices left homeowners with no option and they were unable to refinance their mortgages and causes default of mortgages. This default of mortgages and loans swallowed the banks and financial markets such as falling of Lehman's brothers and other anks and blow to rest of economy happened as the whole economy was relying on banks and ultimately it slows down investment in the country and capital flows to other parts of the world like China and India. ank losses cause reduction of bank capital which in turn requires capital reduction thus saving bank from lending. It is estimated that every $100 loss and reduction of…...

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Bibliography

ISR international socialist review. (2009, april). Retrieved from The U.S. economic crisis:causes and solutions:  http://www.isreview.org/issues/64/feat-moseley.shtml 

Journal of accountancy. (2009, october). Retrieved from The U.S. economic crisis: root causes and road to recovery: www.journalofaccountancy.com/Issues/2009/Oct/20091781

Eyes on wall street. (2011, april). Retrieved from Levin coburn investigates casues of financial crisis:  http://www.eyesonwallstreet.com/2011/04/articles/financial-crisis/levincoburn-report-investigates-causes-of-the-financial-crisis/ 

Rude, C. (2009). World Economic Crisis and Fed Reserve Response to it. Studies in Political Economy.

Economic Final Report
Types of economic systems

Economic systems vary from one nation to another. Traditional economic systems refer to an economic system founded by tradition. The services and goods that people provide through the work they do, how people exchange and use the resources are trends that follow permanent patterns. These are not dynamic economic systems because there are minimal changes. In this economic system, people live on static standards. They do not enjoy much occupational mobility and financial mobility (Gregory and Robert 19). However, it is possible to predict economic relationships and behaviors. People are aware of what they are expected to do, why they trade, they know what others should give to them. In traditional economic systems, the interests of the community are of great priority than individual interests. People collaborate at work and labor proceeds are shared equally. However, in some traditional economic systems, individuals respect some personal…...

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Work Cited

Conklin, David W.; Comparative Economic Systems: Objectives, Decision Modes, and the Process of Choice. Cambridge [England: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Print.

Gregory, Paul R, and Robert C. Stuartl; Comparative Economic Systems. Boston: Houghton

Mifflin Co, 2010. Print.

Keese, Mark, Pete Richardson, and Ge-rard Salou. The Measurement of Output and Factors of Production for the Business Sector in OECD Countries: (the OECD Business Sector Database). Paris: OECD, 2011. Print.

Source: The Financial Forecast Center, 2009

Increases in unemployment rate mean that the gambling industry will be faced with fewer customers. This in turn will materialize in reduced sales and profits. If the situation continues to aggravate in the years to come, several players in the gambling industry might have to close their casinos. One must also notice the exceptional situations in which out of job individuals will gamble in the hope of winning some money. However, these instances are reduced and not able to modify the indirect relationship between the evolution of unemployment rate and demand for gambling services. Vice versa, when the unemployment rate decreases and the population enjoys more sources of revenues, the demand for the services of casino clubs increases.

2.3 Inflation rate (consumer price index)

The inflation rate represents the "percentage increase in the price of goods and services, usually annually" (Investor Words, 2009). Within the United States,…...

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References:

Ameristar Casinos Inc., Hoovers, 2009,   -- /free-co-competition.xhtml last accessed on May 8, 2009http://hoovers.com/ameristar-casinos/--ID__16260,FRIC__ 

Personal Income and Savings, iCharts, 2009,   last accessed on May 8, 2009http://www.icharts.net/portal/app?service=external&sp=Y37ayiM=&page=Chartdetail 

Investor Words, 2009,   last accessed on May 8, 2009http://investorwords.com 

The Financial Forecast Center, 2009,   last accessed on May 8, 2009http://forecasts.org 

Energy costs increased substantially and the yen's exchange rate was shifted to a floating rate. The eventual recession reduced expectations of future growth and reduced private investment. Economic growth went down from 10% to 3.6% during the period 1974-79 and to 4.4% in the decade of the 80s. ut despite the oil crisis and its consequences, Japan's major export industries stayed competitive through its cost-cutting policy and increasing efficiency. It reduced industrial energy demands and allowed the automobile industry, along with other industries, to improve. y the late 70s, the computer, semiconductor and other technology and information-intensive industries entered a period of rapid growth. During this high-growth era, exports continued to support Japan's robust economic growth in the 70s and in the 80s. However, the problems encountered on account of its growing balance of payments surplus urged for the opening of domestic markets and a stronger focus on domestic…...

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Bibliography

Answers.com. (2007). Shigeru Yoshida. 4 pages. Encyclopedia Britannica: Answers Corporation

Bernier, B. (1980). The Japanese peasantry and economic growth since the land reform of 1946-47. 40 pages. Vol 12 issue 1. Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars: Questia Media America, Inc.

Luu, L.T. et al. (1996). Summary report on Japan. Team # 6. Chinman: University of Hawaii..

Retrieved March 14, 2007 at http://www2/hawai.edu/~chiman/file2,htm

1. The impact of social media sentiment on cryptocurrency prices
2. The role of government regulation in shaping the crypto market
3. Cryptocurrency adoption in developing countries
4. The potential for decentralized finance (DeFi) to revolutionize traditional financial systems
5. Cryptocurrency market manipulation and its implications
6. The environmental implications of cryptocurrency mining
7. The future of stablecoins and their role in the crypto market
8. The rise of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and their impact on the art market
9. The influence of institutional investors on the cryptocurrency market
10. The challenges and opportunities for mainstream adoption of cryptocurrencies
11. The psychological factors influencing investor behavior in the crypto market
12.....

1. The Impact of Inflation on the Economy

2. Causes and Consequences of Inflation

3. Controlling Inflation: Policy Options

4. Understanding the Relationship Between Inflation and Unemployment

5. Inflation and Its Effects on Different Socioeconomic Groups

6. The Role of Central Banks in Managing Inflation

7. Inflation and Interest Rates: A Complex Relationship

8. Inflation and the Purchasing Power of Currency

9. Globalization and Inflation: How are they Related?

10. Inflation in Developing Countries: Challenges and Solutions
11. Hyperinflation: When Prices Spiral Out of Control

12. Inflationary Expectations: How Public Perception Influences Economic Trends

13. The Psychology of Inflation: Why Do People React the Way They Do?

14. The Politics of Inflation: How....

Financial managers can adapt their strategies to navigate the uncertainties of a rapidly changing economic landscape by:

1. Conducting frequent financial analysis and monitoring key performance indicators to stay informed about market trends and economic conditions.

2. Developing contingency plans and stress-testing potential scenarios to prepare for unexpected events and mitigate risks.

3. Diversifying investments and portfolios to spread risk and limit exposure to any single economic sector or asset class.

4. Maintaining a flexible and agile approach to decision-making, including being willing to adjust strategies and tactics as needed in response to changing economic conditions.

5. Building strong relationships with key stakeholders, such as....

Adapting Financial Strategies to Navigate Economic Uncertainties

In an era marked by heightened volatility and constant disruptions, the ability of financial managers to adapt their strategies is paramount to navigating the uncertainties of a rapidly changing economic landscape. By adopting forward-thinking approaches and implementing agile measures, financial managers can mitigate risks, capitalize on opportunities, and drive business growth even amidst market turbulence. Here are key strategies to consider:

1. Enhance Risk Management:

Develop comprehensive risk management frameworks that identify, assess, and mitigate potential risks.
Utilize stress testing and scenario planning to evaluate the impact of various economic conditions.
Diversify investments across asset....