This will immediately decrease the funds of lending countries. And most importantly, this situation with the sovereign risk is not only characteristic to Greece, but to various other countries, including the United States. "More especially, the IMF is concerned that higher sovereign risk in countries like Greece can spill over to domestic banking systems and across borders, thereby triggering a second global economic crisis. It is also important to note that sovereign risk is not confined to Greece, but there are a number of other global more systemic important countries that fall into this category, including the world largest economy, the U.S.A." (All Africa, 2010).
In terms of the immediate impact, this would be most obvious within the neighboring Balkan countries. Greece is one of the largest investors in the Balkan region as well as one of the greatest donors. When its economic problems hit, the country's investments and donations…...

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References:

Fotiadis, a., 2010, Greek crisis impacts the Balkans, IPS,   last accessed on June 22, 2010http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=50734 

2010, the World Factbook -- Greece, Central Intelligence Agency,   last accessed on June 22, 2010https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gr.html 

2010, Will the Greece economic crisis affect Namibia? All Africa,   last accessed on June 22, 2010http://allafrica.com/stories/201005170465.html 

2010, Why Greece's economy should matter to everyone, Boston,   / last accessed on June 22, 2010http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2010/05/07/why_greeces_economy_should_matter_to_everyone 

The economic stimulus

Because of the 9% unemployment rate overall, many epublican campaigns are touting the fact that their opponents voted for the stimulus as a reason to vote against him or her: whether the stimulus failed is an open question -- it certainly created some jobs, although not as many as hoped. Critics to Obama's left have alleged that it was not large enough, like Noble-prize winner Paul Krugman, in a New York Times editorial: "[The] modest rise in federal spending was barely enough to offset cutbacks at the state and local level" (Thrush 2010, p.1).

Bank bail-out

The Obama Administration's $700 billion Troubled Asset elief Program (TAP) brought the economy back from the brink and "there are clear signs that aspects of the financial system are far more stable than they were at the height of the crisis in the fall of 2008" (Orol 2010). But the fact that rates of…...

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References

Orol, Ronald (2010, January 31). TARP overseer says bank bailout program has mixed results.

Market Watch. Retrieved November 1, 2010 at  http://www.marketwatch.com/story/overseer-bank-bailout-program-has-mixed-results-2010-01-31 

Thrush, Glen. (2010, November 1). Was the stimulus Barack Obama's original sin? Politico.

Retrieved November 1, 2010 at  http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1110/44469.html

Sunday Alcohol Sales and Blue Laws

Of all points made in this section, the abolishment of blue laws in 11 states in the last 2 1/2 years and the sales of alcohol in two-thirds of all states on Sunday shows how legislation, over time, changes to reflect the dominant political and ethical thought of the time. The decision on the part of state and county governments to open up Sundays has more to do with their need for tax revenues and less about the conflict with the Christian Sabbath (Hanson, 2010).

Alcohol Marketing/Advertising/Sales

The most insightful section of the article, the series of resources provided here include interesting insights into how alcohol spending continues to increase as a result of advertising and promotion efforts over time. This section also provides an assessment of how the multichannel marketing strategies of companies is also changing significantly over time, leading to more effective event marketing including…...

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References

Hanson, David . (2010). Economic issues in alcohol: marketing, business & money. Alcohol Problems and Solutions, 1(1), Retrieved from  http://www2.potsdam.edu/hansondj/controversies/1116952343.html

Economic Issue in Health Care
Inflation affects all the segments of an economy; including individuals, businesses, and governments in a number of ways. The healthcare industry also takes its impacts on each and every aspect of its operations; like consumer spending, costs of operations, demand and supply of medical treatments, medicines, and general healthcare services, etc. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of an important economic issue, Inflation on the healthcare using demand and supply and cost analysis as the two important economic tools. The paper starts with a brief introduction to the economic issue 'inflation' as it relates to the healthcare industry and proceeds by introducing and discussing the chosen economic tools (demand and supply and cost analysis) to evaluate the impacts of this current economic issue on healthcare. The paper concludes by highlighting the major points from the analysis and discussion.

Inflation: an important Economic Issue

Inflation…...

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References

Mangan, D. (2013, 06, 18). Health-Care Cost Inflation on Track to Slow in 2014: Report Retrieved on August 21st, 2013, from

Nussbaum, A. (2012, 05, 21). Health-Care Costs Rise Faster Than U.S. Inflation Rate. Retrieved on August 21st, 2013, from

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, (2013). Factors affecting 2014 Medical Cost Trend. Retrieved on August 21st, 2013, from

Rugy, V. (2013, 07, 16). Is The Slowdown In Health Care Inflation Here To Stay? Retrieved on August 21st, 2013, from

economic issue prevailing in the United States is that of rapid fiscal and monetary stimulus and its inflation implications. Currently, due in part to prevailing market conditions, governments have embarked on a path to massive fiscal ease. Governments, including the United States, Japan, Europe, and China have all engaged in massive stimulus operations. These operations are designed to help build consumer confidence while also enhancing the overall appeal of risky asset classes. For instance, the United States has kept interest rates near 0% for the past two years with an expectation of low interest rates until 2015. This low interest rate environment makes alternative assets such as stock, bonds, and real estate more attractive on a relative basis. High dividend paying stocks for instance, offer a yield of roughly 3% which is nearly double that of the 10-year treasury. These massive stimulus efforts however, have yet to enhance economic…...

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References:

1) Robert J. Gordon (1988), Macroeconomics: Theory and Policy, 2nd ed., Chapter 22.4, 'Modern theories of inflation'. McGraw-Hill.

2) Tobin, James, American Economic Review, march (1969), "Inflation and Unemployment

It is clear that compliance with taking medication needs to be increased within this population but this is a difficult thing to do. Putting them in a 'home' or an in-patient residential treatment facility is a short-term fix but will not help them when their treatment is over and they still have no home to live in and no money with which to purchase their medications. Compliance can be best increased in two ways: 1) make medications for these people extremely affordable and 2) combine the medication and/or treatment that they receive with other services that can help these individuals find jobs, inexpensive but decent housing, and social networks that can help them to reach out to others that have struggled or that are still struggling. Support is very important to those that have a mental illness and this support might be one of the best things that these…...

branches of democratic governments create a balance of power, disallowing any one branch to amass or wield disproportionate power. Branches of government also ensure role clarity and stability in the separation of powers. Each branch serves a role, and that role is mitigated by the roles of the other branches. The executive branch of the government refers to the heads of state in charge of implementing the policies and laws enacted by the legislative branch. An executive branch typically performs roles not expressly or officially outlined such as administering to the people, providing public relations services, and serving as figurehead. For instance, an executive branch of government presumes powers related to not only executive, authoritative decisions but also matters linked to foreign affairs and macroeconomic concerns.
The legislative branch of government concerns itself primarily with the execution and creation of laws, policy, and legislation. Laws, policy, and legislation tend to…...

Interestingly, it seems that this feature remains relatively constant regardless of the level of the socioeconomic spectrum. That is fascinating to anybody who comes from a foreign community where Americans are envied and believed to be so much more fortunate than many of us in the rest of the world.
Finally, in that regard, I also anticipate that studying the ethical issues and legal concepts that apply to economic practices, including the intersection between the private business sectors and government. From my perspective, it seems that there are many potential areas of study just in the manner in which the consumerism mentality in the U.S. fueled the housing market bubble and the ways that big business interests profited from those impulses at the macro level while, in effect, destabilizing the entire national economy. Likewise, at the micro level, there is much to learn from the practices of individual lending institutions…...

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My intended major is Economics, a subject in which I developed an interest in two very different ways. At the level of microeconomics, I have first-hand experience with the challenges of surviving alone in the United States as a self-dependent international student. On one hand, the U.S. offers many potential opportunities; on the other hand, economic survival for working students requires very responsible management of finances and resources. On the level of macroeconomics, I was both alarmed and fascinated by the manner in which the entire U.S. economy nearly collapsed in 2008, just as I was beginning to settle into life in the U.S. In addition to issues of the highly complex interrelationships among and between the business, investment banking, and housing sectors, the situation also highlighted important ethical issues that obviously must be addressed to prevent repeated economic catastrophes.

As a student of economics, I hope to develop a basic understanding of the classic fundamental principles in the field. However, I also hope to study some of the broader ways that economic issues affect and even shape contemporary human societies. Since coming to the U.S., I have learned that the American consumer economy is much more complex than I realized, especially in connection with the extent of consumer dependence on credit to fund higher lifestyles than might be sound economically. Interestingly, it seems that this feature remains relatively constant regardless of the level of the socioeconomic spectrum. That is fascinating to anybody who comes from a foreign community where Americans are envied and believed to be so much more fortunate than many of us in the rest of the world.

Finally, in that regard, I also anticipate that studying the ethical issues and legal concepts that apply to economic practices, including the intersection between the private business sectors and government. From my perspective, it seems that there are many potential areas of study just in the manner in which the consumerism mentality in the U.S. fueled the housing market bubble and the ways that big business interests profited from those impulses at the macro level while, in effect, destabilizing the entire national economy. Likewise, at the micro level, there is much to learn from the practices of individual lending institutions and real estate brokerages and their exploitation of individuals and families brought up on the American dream of home ownership. I hope that my introductory studies in economics will help me identify a more specific academic focus in an area that will allow me to establish a career, ideally in a field that might contribute to resolving some of the systemic economic problems in human societies.

Economic Events: 1980-1989
the decade of greed. The era of onald eagan when the rich got richer and the poor got poorer. Despite this common wisdom, 1980 started off auspiciously. On May 8, 1980 the World Health Organization hailed "one of the century's greatest medical accomplishments," the final and total eradication of smallpox (Dickson 247). But how quickly times change - barely a quarter century has passed and this same disease is making headlines once again.

Attitudes change also. While many in this day and age would still agree that the 1980's was a selfish period in American history, a sea-change has occurred in the rhetoric issuing forth from Washington D.C. In a very fundamental way, party politics has been thrust aside as concerns for homeland security take precedence over petty partisanship. Michael Barone notes this in his analysis of a speech made by Democrat ichard Gephardt in the Summer of 2002:…...

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References

Barone, Michael. "The loyal opposition." U.S. News and World Report. 13 June 2003. 14

March 2003 http://www.usnews.com/usnews/opinion/baroneweb/mb_020613.htm.

Case, Karl E., and Ray C. Fair. "Principles of Economics." Prentice Hall, Inc. Englewood

Cliffs, NJ 1992.

The downward spiral of deflation, the collapse of countless banks and other financial institutions, and the unprecedented levels of unemployment all demanded that something be done.
The programs that constituted President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal were not entirely unknown in the pre-Depression world. Various European countries already possessed social welfare schemes to some extent, but in the United States this was largely new thinking. The changes wrought by the New Deal reflected as much the uniqueness of conditions during the Great Depression as they did the undercurrent of new attitudes and ideas that had gradually been taking hold among America's intellectuals.

FDR's planners acted in the context of changing values, an evolving set of institutions, shifting political and economic circumstances, and the ebb and flow of planning opportunities to create a distinctly national, American form of planning.... They were part of a wide-ranging national debate over how to create a…...

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Works Cited

DUMMY CITATION #1 G.M., Blaauw, G.A., and Brooks, Jr., F.P. "Architecture of the IBM System/360," IBM Journal of Research and Development, Vol. 44, No. 1/2, IBM, January/March 2000 [Reprint of IBM Journal of Research and Development, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1964.]

DUMMY CITATION #2 Anderson, Philip, and Michael L. Tushman. "Technological Discontinuities and Dominant Designs: A Cyclical Model of Technological Change." Administrative Science Quarterly 35.4 (1990): 604fl.

Gibbons, Jim. "Gibbons Tells Congressional Committee to Abolish Arbitrary FAA Retirement Age: Nevadan Calls Current Federal Rule, 'Blatant Age Discrimination.'" Press Release, (United States Congress, Washington D.C., 12 March, 2003).

Wilkening, Robin. "The Age 60 Rule: Age Discrimination in Civil Aviation." (No Date). URL: http://aeromedical.org/Articles/age60.html.

t is explained that the "fiscal cliff" itself refers to the end of Bush-era tax cuts and large spending cuts that will occur at the end of the year if Congress can't agree on a way to cut $1.2 trillion in debt over the next decade. This would lead to income tax and payroll tax increases for almost everyone, with an immediate negative impact on spending and thus on the economy, and with a rising unemployment rate through 2013. The article also cites Ben Bernanke as saying the Fed would not be able to counter or even effectively mitigate the effects of going over this cliff, yet the politics will have to play out before any action is taken by anyone.
lluminating the issue still further, John D. McKinnon, Kristina Peterson, and Josh Mitchell's "Most Households Face 'Fiscal Cliff'" from the November 21st edition of the Wall Street Journal present…...

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Illuminating the issue still further, John D. McKinnon, Kristina Peterson, and Josh Mitchell's "Most Households Face 'Fiscal Cliff'" from the November 21st edition of the Wall Street Journal present personal stories that typify the impact the fiscal cliff would have for people on various rungs of the socioeconomic ladder. Describing the various tax increases and other effects of the fiscal cliff in general terms first, this article then gives an example of an individual that meets the general description for every basic income/economic bracket identified. A human face is put on the numbers and the rhetoric that have been occupying many headlines and stories in the news over the past months, making the subject more accessible.

The same edition contained another story by Jon Hilsenrath, "Fed Still Trying to Push Down Rates," which details Bernanke's pledge to try to keep interest rates low through 2013 to stimulate the economy. Background information on ongoing unemployment and the dangers of the fiscal cliff are given, and also provides some history of central banks responding to legislative efforts in a spirit of cooperation but not coercion. The article also cites Bernanke's repeated warnings regarding the fiscal cliff and other fiscal policies that portend danger to the U.S. economy (and to the world economy at large), and the need to move beyond partisan politics to arrive at real and lasting solutions for the economy.

These articles demonstrate the ongoing problems faced in the current U.S. economy and contended with by agencies such as the Fed and large government bodies such as Congress. The individual personalities involved also appear to be of importance, and possibly of great hindrance.

Bush implied unemployment figures were declining and Kerry touted very high unemployment figures. In hindsight, it appears that the labor department statistics concurred with the Kerry camp. When Bush still won, unemployment trend indicators seem to be coming true now and there seems to be more problems on the horizon for the economy. The Bureau of Labor Statistics indicated recently that new jobs being created in the economy were the types of jobs that cannot fuel economic growth. Thus, the economy is and will continue to lose jobs to cheaper labor markets around the globe.
The Federal eserve has dictated the cost of capital for businesses to borrow. Trends show that cash shortages in corporate American are increasing and borrowing heavily will be a likely result. Therefore, future actions of the Federal eserve impacts a major aspect of America's future. Trends to observe by the Fed relate to consumer consumption…...

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References

Employment Situation Summary. Ed. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 12/3/2003. Department of Labor. Retrieved on 4/13/2005, from  http://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.nr0.htm .

Heilbroner, Robert, & Thurow, Lester (1982). Economics Explained: Everything You Need to Know About How the Economy Works and Where it Is Going. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Marx, Karl (1977). Capital, Volume 1. New York: Random House.

Marx, Karl (1978). Capital, Volume 2. New York: Random House.

Another fiscal policy that could be implemented is for the government to spend more, thereby increasing aggregate demand. This may have an impact on consumer confidence about the long-run state of the economy, but those long-run concerns are not driving consumer spending today. At this time, the spending policy is something that government can pursue. If poorly targeted, however, its impacts will be temporary. Indeed, if everybody knows that the measure is temporary, this will not affect consumer confidence or business investment in the long run. However, if the policy appears permanent, then the responses could be more permanent in nature as well.

Lowering taxes on that bottom 80% will increase consumer spending, but again might not improve consumer confidence because it only makes the long-run deficit problem worse. Only spending on job creation, therefore, is recommended because it serves to a) address some of the crippling issues relating to long-run…...

Many businesses could no longer operate in this fashion and likely closed their doors leading to a rise in unemployment. This is an example of the rule that Hitler had on the Pre-World War II German economy. The people of the nation were completely subject to his policies and because the economy was in such a vulnerable position as a result of the First World War, that Hitler's policies were looked upon as providing assistance to the nation. The research indicates that Hitler's rule over Germany managed to counter the rise in unemployment with institution of the German Labor Service and other workforce and labor programs.
Pre-World War II Unemployment in Germany

etween January 1933 and July 1935 the number of employed Germans rose by a half, from 11.7 million to 16.9 million.

. Under the rule of Hitler, more than 5 million new jobs paying living wages were created.

The Great Depression…...

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Bibliography

Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias. "Expulsion of Germans after World War II." Last

updated in 2010.  http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/38667 .

Brezina, Corona. The Treaty of Versailles, 1919: A Primary Source Examination of the Treaty

That Ended World War I. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, Inc., 2006.

Not only are they crucial for the movement of people, but they are crucial for the rapid movement of time-sensitive goods. Therefore the government has an interest in the survival of the industry. Government can and has involved itself through monetary policy in sustaining or resuscitating struggling airlines in order to maintain the overall strength of the industry.
Taxation is another area where governments affect the industry. This again relates to the tight margins, as taxation represents a key expense for airlines. Changes in the tax regime directly affect airlines' after tax profits. The government can encourage or discourage the industry based on its taxation policies. The IATA believes the airline industry to be more heavily taxed than some of its substitutes, and has an entire program to deal with the issue of taxation, highlighting taxation's relevance to the industry.

Another way in which fiscal policy can impact the industry is…...

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Works Cited

Pearce, Brian. (2008). Financial Forecast. IATA. Retrieved June 29, 2008 at  http://www.iata.org/NR/rdonlyres/DA8ACB38-676F-4DB1-A2AC-F5BCEF74CB2C/0/Industry_Outlook_Briefing_March08.pdf 

No author. (2008). The Industry Handbook: The Airline Industry. Investopedia. Retrieved June 29, 2008 at  http://www.investopedia.com/features/industryhandbook/airline.asp 

Flint, Perry. (2008). 2008 Forecast: Will the Luck Hold? Air Transport World. Retrieved June 29, 2008 at  http://www.atwonline.com/channels/dataAirlineEconomics/article.html?articleID=2174 

No author. (2008). Chief Characteristic of the Airline Business. Air Transport Association. Retrieved June 29, 2008 at http://members.airlines.org/about/d.aspx?nid=7955

1. The impact of social media on the 2020 Presidential Election
2. The role of race and identity politics in the 2020 election
3. The influence of foreign interference in the 2020 election
4. The polarization of American society during the 2020 election
5. The rise of political populism in the 2020 election
6. The role of the Electoral College in the outcome of the 2020 election
7. The role of gender in the 2020 Presidential Election
8. The impact of COVID-19 on the 2020 election
9. The importance of swing states in determining the outcome of the 2020 election
10. The impact of voter turnout and voter suppression....

Yes, state sovereignty is generally considered a positive concept as it allows states to govern themselves independently and make decisions that are in their best interest. This helps to maintain order and stability within a state and allows for the preservation of cultural identity and governance traditions. Additionally, state sovereignty is the foundation of the international system, providing for a balance of power among states and protecting against interference in domestic affairs. Overall, state sovereignty is a crucial component of the modern state system and is essential for maintaining peace and stability in the global community.
State sovereignty also plays a....