Economic Effect of Legalizing Drugs
The program for banning the trading and using of narcotic drugs like cocaine, heroine, and marijuana is one of the most essential public welfare program, attracting so much political discourse on the effectiveness of the 'war on drugs' and the substitute programs like legalization, rehabilitation through decriminalization, drug treatment, and medical marijuana. Economists vehemently criticized the success of the war on drugs pointing to the adverse consequences like violent crime and corruption, and suggested the substitute programs like drug legalization and decriminalization. Milton Friedman has since been upheld the legalization of drugs. Garry, Becker, George Schultz, Thomas Sowell and William Niskanan have also approved the liberalization strategy. (Prohibition vs. Legalization: Do Economists each a Conclusion on Drug Policy?)

The legalization envisages exerting regulatory government control over drug sales more practically through the state clinics or stores. There is stringent ban on the advertisement, declaring the selling of…...

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References

Cussen, Meaghan; Block, Walter. Legalize Drugs Now! The American Journal of Economics and Sociology. July, 2000. Retrieved from   Accessed on 15 December, 2004http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0254/is_3_59/ai_65348069 

Maginnis, Robert L. Legalization of Drugs: The Myths and the Facts. Family Research Council. Retrieved from Accessed on 15 December, 2004http://www.sarnia.com/groups/antidrug/argument/myths.html

News and Views from the Dismal Science. Dr. Econ's commentary on local, regional, national, and global economic affairs. Augusta Business Chronicle. September 2001. Retrieved from Accessed on 15 December, 2004http://www.aug.edu/~sbajmb/abc065.htm

Thornton, Mark. Prohibition vs. Legalization: Do Economists Reach a Conclusion on Drug Policy? Paper presented at the Southern Economic Association Convention, New Orleans, Louisiana. November 2002. Retrieved from   Accessed on 15 December, 2004http://www.mises.org/journals/scholar/thornton3.pdf 

Throughout most of the 20th Century, organized crime accounted for a tremendous economic costs passed along to consumers, particularly (but hardly exclusively) in large cities like New York, and Chicago, among many others. Originally formed in this country during the Prohibition years in the 1920s, the criminal enterprises that exploited the black market for illegal liquor subsequently branched out to infiltrate other large industries, such as construction, food and liquor distribution, interstate trucking, waste disposal, and the garment industry.

Primarily by penetrating into the leadership organization of unionized industries, organized crime managed to siphon off public funds, "skim" illegal profits from large corporations, and control entire otherwise legitimate industries through intimidation, including labor strikes initiated via its control of labor unions. The result increased the cost of almost everything sold to consumers in the form of goods and services throughout much of the country. In recent years, increased federal law enforcement…...

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References

Ballezza, R. (2007) the Social Security Card Application Process: Identity and Credit Card Fraud Issues; FBI Law Enforcement Journal, Vol. 76 No. 5, May/07

Hendrie, E. (2006) Breaking the Bank; FBI Law Enforcement Journal, Vol. 75

No. 7, Jul/06

U.S. Department of Justice (2007) Uniform Crime Reports. Federal Bureau of Investigation Homepage. Accessed October 23, 2007, at  http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/ucr.htm#cius

However, if one expands their outlook to a global perspective, the is only a correction and will help to strengthen the position of other currencies. As the U.S. dollar grows weaker, other currencies grow stronger. The depreciating dollar may cause Americans to alter their lifestyle, however, from a global perspective; the situation is not that dire.
One of the key concerns for investors has been what will happen to commodity futures. According to Abacus Consulting Services and Los Angeles Chinese Learning Center (2005), commodities will be bullish. Commodity prices will increase as the U.S. dollar decreases. However, there was little to support this opinion. Their opinion is based on past trends that indicate that commodity prices are inversely proportional to whether the U.S. economy is in an inflationary or deflationary mode. They point out that during the Great Depression, commodity prices doubles from 1932 to 1934.

Factors that Could Affect the…...

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References

Abacus Consulting Services and Los Angeles Chinese Learning Center. (2005). Commodity Futures. Retrieved November 29, 2007 at  http://chinese-school.netfirms.com/commodities-market.html 

Congressional Budget Office. 2004. Current Economic Projections, 2004-2014. Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Years 2005 to 2014. January 2004. Section 2 of 14. Retrieved November 29, 2007 at  http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdoc.cfm?index=4985&type=0&sequence=1 .

Corsetti, G. (2007). The anatomy of dollar depreciation. November 6, 2007. Voxeu.org. Retrieved November 29, 2007 at  http://www.voxeu.org/index.php?q=node/699 .

Goldberg, L. & Dillon, E. (2007). Why a Dollar Depreciation May Not Close the U.S. Trade Deficit. Federal Reserve Bank of New York. 13 (5), 1-7. Retrieved November 29, 2007 at  http://www.newyorkfed.org/research/current_issues/ci13-5.pdf .

National Economic Effects of Government's Immigration Policies In Canada
A geographically big nation that has a comparatively little population, Canada has traditionally been able to observe immigration as an important tool of population and economic development. Over its history, nevertheless, immigration significances and approaches have changed meaningfully, from an open border tactic in Canada's initial history, to strategy that could be branded as openly discriminatory, to an economically absorbed style. This essay gives an outline to immigration policy in Canada and looks into immigration in the context of economic effects of Government's immigration policies in Canada with detailed focus on its history, key legislation and agencies in this area, and current debates/issues.

History of Canadian Immigration Policy

After the Confederation in 1867, immigration policy at that time was a top priority of the new federal government. This policy which was able to bring in a large influx of immigrants was observed as a…...

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Works Cited

Abu-Laban, Y. Keeping 'em Out: Gender, Race, and Class Biases in Canadian Immigration Policy" in Painting the Maple: Essays on Race, Gender, and the Construction of Canada. Vancouver: UBC Press,, 2008. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0003961.

-- . "Welcome/stay out: The contradiction of canadian integration and immigration policies at the millennium." Canadian Ethnic Studies 45.3 (2008): 190-211.

Citizenship Act (R.S., 1985, c. C-29)" Department of Justice Canada. 7 May 2009.

Sharing Economy
Deadweight Loss

When it comes to the environment impact of humans on the planet, overconsumption is not necessarily the issue; it is overproduction. Overproduction creates a situation where there is more supply than there is demand. Thus, some supply in the marketplace goes unused. This is an inefficient use of resources, or a deadweight loss to society (Investopedia, 2015). There are a number of different reasons why deadweight loss arises. The sharing economy has emerged as a response to deadweight loss that derives from overproduction.

Overproduction occurs in many industries, largely because companies are competing for customers. Demand fluctuates, and companies will typically have more production capacity than they need, in order to be able to meet the peaks in demand and therefore not lose business. Overproduction is therefore inherent in any market economy. But overproduction creates deadweight loss. A market that has a high degree of flexibility will be…...

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References

Chernikoff, L. (2010). Inside the world of off-price retail: We go behind the scenes at Marshalls and TJ Maxx HQ. Fashionista. Retrieved May 17, 2015 from  http://fashionista.com/2010/08/inside-the-world-of-off-price-retail-we-go-behind-the-scenes-at-marshalls-and-t-j-maxx-hq 

Frizzell, S. (2014). A historical argument against Uber: Taxi regulations are there for a reason. Time. Retrieved May 17, 2015 from  http://time.com/3592035/uber-taxi-history/ 

Investopedia (2015). Deadweight loss. Investopedia. Retrieved May 17,2015 from  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/deadweightloss.asp 

Surowiecki, J. (2013). AirBnB's New York problem. The New Yorker. Retrieved May 17, 2015 from  http://www.newyorker.com/business/currency/airbnbs-new-york-problem

New International Banking Regulations on Bahrain Banking Sector
Major International regulatory developments that impacted banks in Bahrain for the past five years

Current Regulatory Trends Impacting Regulatory Activities in Banks in Bahrain

Top Three Risks Facing Banks in Bahrain & how it can help Develop Regulatory Environment

Following the global financial crisis of 2008-2009, there has been a worldwide debate about better regulations in the world banking systems which has impacted banks all across the globe. The global crisis led to, many banks all over the world reporting a financial loss in their financial report primarily due to connections with subprime mortgages in the United States or they were simply affected by the acute liquidity and credit crunch following the crisis of by the ensuing economic recessions in their own countries and regions. However, since the economic crisis, there has been enhanced public's interest in the Islamic banks primarily located in the Gulf…...

Economics of Alchohol Abuse
Alcohol for consumption is not a necessary food item, but for some has become a standard part of adult culture. Increasing the level of alcohol consumption, however, moves from an economic paradigm to a social issue due to the ancillary health and behavioral effects from alcohol abuse. In turn, this becomes part of economics in that it requires fiscal resources to treat societal issues caused by alcoholism: domestic abuse, crime, traffic or driving issues, etc. The economic effects of alcohol are undebatable, and are pervasive in the overt and covert areas of the economy (short- and long-term) (Fogarty, 2006).

In the economic sphere of political and social policy, alcohol, like tobacco and gambling, are considered a "sin" tax that is ostensibly designed to reduce transactions for issues society considers dangerous or undesirable. However, when it comes to alcohol, many see that this type of a sumptuary taxation policy…...

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REFERENCES

Ensuring Solutions to Alcohol Problems. (2011). Ensuring Solutions. Retrieved from:  http://www.ensuringsolutions.org/ 

Profit-Maximization in the Long Run. (2010). Welker'sWikinomics. Retrieved from: http://welkerswikinomics.wetpaint.com/page/Profit-Maximization+in+the+Long-run

Tobacco, Alcohol Industries Reject New Sin Tax Bill. (February 22, 2012). ABS/CBN News. Com. Retrieved from:  http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/business/02/22/12/tobacco-alcohol-industries-reject-new-sin-tax-bill 

Avorn, J. (2004). Powerful Medicines: The Benefits, Risks, and Costs of Prescription Drugs. New York: Random House.

e. D (0), the cost of fighting crime / proportion of corrections i.e. C (P0) and the crimes / social costs / negative impacts on to offender i.e. FO. These different elements are important, because the combination of them is helping us to understand the total impact of crime and punishment on the economy.
As a result, these different factors are used in a basic formula to comprehend the effects of social phenomenon and crime on the economy. elow is the equation that is used to objectively evaluate what is occurring.

L (social / economic impact) = D (0) + C (P0) + FO

This formula is important, because it is providing us with a basic strategy that can be used to objectively evaluate the how crime and punishment are impacting society. Once this occurs, is when we can see the total economic impact of this on communities and the way that they…...

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Bibliography

"Social." (2011).

Becker, Gary. "Crime and Punishment." The Journal of Political Economy 76.2 (1968), 169 -- 217. Print.

Many businesses could no longer operate in this fashion and likely closed their doors leading to a rise in unemployment. This is an example of the rule that Hitler had on the Pre-World War II German economy. The people of the nation were completely subject to his policies and because the economy was in such a vulnerable position as a result of the First World War, that Hitler's policies were looked upon as providing assistance to the nation. The research indicates that Hitler's rule over Germany managed to counter the rise in unemployment with institution of the German Labor Service and other workforce and labor programs.
Pre-World War II Unemployment in Germany

etween January 1933 and July 1935 the number of employed Germans rose by a half, from 11.7 million to 16.9 million.

. Under the rule of Hitler, more than 5 million new jobs paying living wages were created.

The Great Depression…...

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Bibliography

Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias. "Expulsion of Germans after World War II." Last

updated in 2010.  http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/38667 .

Brezina, Corona. The Treaty of Versailles, 1919: A Primary Source Examination of the Treaty

That Ended World War I. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, Inc., 2006.

The number of educational institutions remained the same and child labor has also stagnated. Entrepreneurs were still allowed to employ children, which they did moreover when they paid them lower wages.
Just like with the Meiji Era, the British Industrial evolution opened new horizons and generated numerous development possibilities for the country and its population. The most important contributions were felt in the technological sector and materialized in a wide series of advancements. "It was not only gadgets, however, but innovations of various kinds -- in agriculture, transport, manufacture, trade, and finance -- that surged up with a suddenness for which it is difficult to find a parallel at any other time or place. The quickened pace of development is attested by the catalogue of new patents, the lengthening list of Acts of enclosure, the expanding figures of output and exports, and the course of prices, which, after remaining roughly…...

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References

Ashton, T.S., the Industrial Revolution, 1760-1830, Oxford University Press, 1997

Buer, M.C., Health, Wealth and Population in the Early Days of the Industrial Revolution, Routledge, 1926

Hunter, J., Institutional Change in Meiji Japan: Image and Reality, Routledge, 2005

Kinzley, W.D., Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852-1912, the Historian, Volume 66, 2004

Finance
The Effect of the Eurozone Today on Global Financial Markets

Global markets are so intertwined today that what affects one is definitely going to have an impact on another. Case in point, the recent issues in Greece and other European Union (EU) countries have had a global effect and have wrought havoc on the Eurozone. Because if this global connectedness, large banks and organizations like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) are even more important today than they were in the past.

The EU's finances are powered by the countries that have become member nations, but those finances are guarded by the European Central Bank (ECB) and the IMF. The ECB is the institution that is responsible for the Euro, the currency of the EU, and it is also the organization responsible for negotiations regarding the economic difficulties of EU member nations. Since Greece, Spain, Italy and others have had financial problems, the…...

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Works Cited

Dam, Kenneth W. "The Subprime Crisis and Financial Regulation: International and Comparative Perspectives*." Chicago Journal of International Law 10.2 (2010): 581-594.

European Central Bank (ECB). "Recently Published." Monthly Bulletin, 2012. Web.

International Monetary Fund (IMF). "About the IMF." International Monetary Fund, 2012. Web.

Halmai, Peter, and Viktoria Vasary. "Real Convergence in the New Member States of the European Union (Shorter and Longer Term Prospects)." The European Journal of Comparative Economics 7.1 (2010): 229-237.

The effect of all of this is to drive away those who actually worked the land because they loved it, replacing them with hired hands running machinery, neither of which is likely to be kind to the land.
Monopoly

Perhaps the most familiar form of business except for perfect competition, monopoly situations result when there are many potential buyers for a product or service, but only one seller.

In the Grapes of rath, a monopoly situation is created as the banks decide to remove tenant farmers, preferring to sell the land to a single large conglomerate of landowners or even a single corporation.

Steinbeck could hardly have painted a harsher picture of this monopoly-in-progress, with scenes of huge bulldozers razing all evidence of the tenant farmers from the land. However, he also notes that the 'monopolization' of the Great Plains was seemingly an event bigger even than those landowners who stood to gain.…...

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Works Cited

Cassuto, David. "Turning Wine into Water: Water as Privileged Signifier in 'The Grapes of Wrath'.." Papers on Language & Literature 29.1 (1993): 67+. Questia. 19 July 2005  http://www.questia.com/ .

Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York: Viking Penguin, 1939.

disrupting America's economic system is a fundamental objective of terrorists
Even as the world continues to struggle with the terrible shock from the September 11 attacks in New York and Washington, one principle lesson has already become clear: disrupting our economic system is a fundamental objective of terrorists.

Prior to September 11, our economic environment was certainly not immune to terror, in comparison to many other nations; we lived relatively terror-free. Now, however, the aftermath of the terrorist attacks serves as a grim reminder that international relations and security developments can dramatically affect economic performance.

US History is replete with countless examples when macro fundamentals are overtaken by what economists refer to as, exogenous shocks -- surprise events that can profoundly and often unpredictably shift political and economic resources, and send even the most accurate forecasts astray. Commodity shocks, such as the two OPEC jolts in the 1970s, are classic examples of this…...

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References

Bagehot, Walter. 1927. Lombard Street: A Description of the Money Market, John Murray, London.

Balbach, Anatol B. 1981. "How Controllable is Money Growth?" Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, vol 63, no 4, April, p. 5.

Becker, Gary S, Steven N. Kaplan, Kevin M. Murphy and Edward A Snyder. (2002 / winter). "The Economic Effects of September 11," GSB Magazine, University of Chicago's Graduate School of Business.

Bell, Stephanie. 2000. "Do Taxes and Bonds Finance Government Spending?." Journal of Economic Issues, Vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 603-620.

Government Shutdown was the period when the routine operations of the United States federal government were curtailed. This happened because the legislative body was not able to successfully pass the legislations related to the funds for the next fiscal period. This shutdown continued to several days and was considered to be the third longest government shutdowns in the history of the United States that took place in the last quarter of the year 2013 (Kille, 2013).
From the past government shutdowns, the fact has been exposed that it only leads to negative and far reaching impacts on the overall financial system and wealth of the county. In a very similar manner, the 2013 government shutdown has also exhibited unnecessary damage on the economy of the United Sates. Economic disruption, harmful effects on Federal programs and services (that were supporting businesses and citizens of United States), loss of revenues to the government,…...

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References

Alter, D. (2013). The Full Cost of the Government Shutdown. Retrieved from Money Morning website:  http://moneymorning.com/2013/11/13/the-full-cost-of-the-government-shutdown/ 

Burwell, S.M. (2013). Impacts and Costs of the Government Shutdown. Retrieved from The White House website:  http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2013/11/07/impacts-and-costs-government-shutdown 

Kille, L.W. (2013). Economic effects of the 2013 U.S. federal government shutdown. Retrieved from Journalist's Resource website:  http://journalistsresource.org/studies/government/budget/economic-effects-2013-us-federal-shutdown# 

Needleman, S.E., Loten, A. & Simon, R. (2013). Small Firms Grapple With Roadblocks Caused by Shutdown. Retrieved from The Wall Street Journal website:  http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303492504579111590750304108

Grocery Store by Entrance of Hypermarkets in Bangkok Thailand
Small grocery store owners in Thailand are faced with the ever growing threat of foreign -- owned hypermarkets. Hypermarkets are part of a global trend that threatens to destroy the small grocery store. If this trend continues the traditional market structure of Thailand might become obsolete in the future. This research explores strategies that small grocery store owners can employ to remain profitable and to survive into the future.

The Tesco Effect

Are There Any Advantages to Being a Small etailer?

Benefits and Pitfalls of Tesco to the Economy

Thai Government and Economic Theory

ecommendations for Survival

Conclusions

eferences

If

Introduction

Commodities are one of the most stable opportunities for retailers. They are considered to be a profitable opportunity and can be started with a relatively low investment. In areas where people have high purchasing power, the local grocery or convenient store is a lucrative business venture. High traffic areas increase…...

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References

Carter, W. 2011. Supply Chain Value and Small Business. The Charleston Post.8 September 2011. Available at:   12 October 2011].http://www.thecharlottepost.com/index.php?src=news&srctype=detail&category=Business&refno=3954 [Accessed

CNN Money. 2009. 20 Best Countries for Startups. [online] Available at:   [Accessed 12 October 2011].http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2008/smallbusiness/0809/gallery.best_countries_for_business.smb/13.html 

Corporate Watch. 2004. Tesco. September 2004. [onine] Available at:   12 October 2011].http://www.corporatewatch.org/?lid=252#thai [Accessed

Crispin, S. 2008. What's eating Thai Tesco. Asia Times. May 3.

Title: The Impact of Heavy Rain: Examining the Environmental, Social, and Economic Consequences

I. Introduction
a. Definition of heavy rain and its increasing frequency
b. Thesis statement: Heavy rain has profound environmental, social, and economic consequences, demanding attention and action.

II. Environmental Consequences of Heavy Rain
a. Flooding:
- Causes and characteristics of flooding during heavy rain
- Environmental impacts, including habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity
- Socioeconomic effects, such as damage to infrastructure and displacement of communities
b. Soil Erosion:
- Causes and extent of soil erosion due to heavy rain
- Environmental impacts, including loss of fertile topsoil and....

Topic 1: The Evolution of Welfare Policy in the United States

Trace the historical development of welfare programs in the US, from their origins to modern iterations.
Analyze the shifting ideologies and social attitudes that have influenced welfare policy over time.
Examine the impact of political and economic factors on welfare reform efforts.

Topic 2: The Efficacy of Welfare Programs

Evaluate the effectiveness of welfare programs in reducing poverty and improving the well-being of recipients.
Analyze the trade-offs between providing assistance and promoting self-sufficiency.
Examine the role of welfare programs in promoting economic growth and social mobility.

Topic 3: The Social Stigma....

1. Understanding the Impact of Immigration on Society

2. The Challenges and Opportunities of Immigration in a Globalized World

3. Exploring the Cultural Diversity Brought by Immigration

4. The Economic Effects of Immigration on Host Countries

5. Addressing the Refugee Crisis: A Global Responsibility

6. Immigration Policies and Their Implications on Communities

7. Immigration and National Identity: Striking a Balance

8. The Role of Immigration in Shaping Modern Cities

9. Integration and Assimilation: The Paths of Immigrants in New Societies

10. The Ethics of Border Control: Balancing Security and Human Rights

11. The Human Stories Behind Immigration: Personal Narratives and Experiences

12. Immigration and Labor Markets: Examining the Impact on Employment

13.....

1. The impact of counter urbanisation on rural communities
2. The push and pull factors driving counter urbanisation
3. The role of technology in facilitating counter urbanisation
4. The challenges faced by urban areas as a result of counter urbanisation
5. The environmental implications of counter urbanisation
6. The social and cultural consequences of counter urbanisation
7. Strategies for managing and planning for counter urbanisation
8. The economic effects of counter urbanisation on both urban and rural areas
9. Case studies of successful counter urbanisation initiatives
10. The future of counter urbanisation and its potential impact on global and regional development.
11. Exploring the concept of "new urbanism" as....