In Japan the luxury market decreased by 9% over the past two years. In Europe, however, which represents about 38% of the global luxury market, the industry turned in record growth in 2007. This slowed in 2008, but leveled out in 2009. In the U.. we saw a 4% growth in 2007, but the luxury market is expected to be flat this year (Krauss, 2008).
Besides the emphasis on value rather than pure bling, as we have discussed, the luxury industry has a decided focus on customer service. Ultra-treatment for the ultra-rich customer is what's in during the economic turndown. Treating their core customers with even more pampering than usual and retaining that business is key, according to luxury marketing experts.
Expansion into new, developing luxury markets such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China is another emphasis. What the luxury market will probably not do is expand the product line downward to…...
mlaSullivan, L. (2009, March). Luxury goes back to its roots. Retrieved September 9, 2009, from synovate.com: http://www.synovate.com/changeagent/index.php/site/full_story/luxury_goes_back_to_its_roots/
Unity Marketing. (2009, July 24). Affluent Consumer Confidence Bouncing Back and Luxury Consumer Spending was up Over Same Period Last Year. Retrieved September 9, 2009, from marketwire.com: http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/Unity-Marketing-1021762.html
Wood, L. (2009, April 29). Research and Markets: The Impact of the Global Economic Downturn on the UAE Consumer Retail Sector. Retrieved September 9, 2009, from Reuters.com: http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS188524+28-Apr-2009+BW20090428
U.S. economic downturn has made many states in the United States to implement strategies to boost economic developments of their respective states using different economic incentives to attract investors. Recognizing the needs to be competitive nationally and globally, New Jersey legislative house has sponsored the "New Jersey Economic Opportunity Act II of 2013" with the aim of fostering an economic development in the state. The goal of Economic Opportunity Act is to improve the panoply of economic incentives to encourage companies in the United States and outside the United States to invest in the state to boost employment opportunities and revenues of the state.
Several states in the United States have also implemented similar programs to enhance economic growth. Example of these states includes Wisconsin, North Carolina, Missouri and Mississippi. Missouri used the UILD (usiness Use Incentives for Large-scale Development) to stimulate 1,410 permanent jobs in 2011 fiscal year. Few…...
mlaBibliography
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Buss, Terry, F. The Effect of State Tax Incentives on Economic Growth and Firm Location Decisions: An Overview of the Literature. Economic Development Quarterly, 15(1985): 90.
Chirinko, Robert .S., and Wilson, Daniel.J. Job Creation Tax Credits and Job Growth: Whether, When, and Where? Department of Finance, University of Hall. Chicago Penguin 2010.
Claudio, Nogueira and Gondim, Andre. Modern Economy, 3(5), (2012) 608-616.
Proctor and Gamble is a global company that produces various products sold around the world. It is a Fortune 500 company and ranks consistently among the top 10 companies in the U.S. in terms of sales. The product chosen for this study is Head and Shoulders, a dandruff shampoo that constitutes 23% of net earnings in the beauty care segment for P&G per annum (P&G Investor, 2015). With sales of more than $80,000,000 for the company, Head and Shoulders is a significant product mover.
MacroEconomic Variables
GDP growth in the U.S. has been stagnant over recent years and therefore P&G has had to look overseas in order to grow its market. However, with global recession likely to occur in the coming months and years, the predicament of P&G does not look positive unless it can penetrate and maintain market share in developing nations.
Unemployment in the U.S. is also higher than reported according…...
mlaReferences
Durden, T. (2016). Markets around the world are crashing; gold soars. ZeroHedge.
Retrieved from http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2016-02-11/markets-around-world-are-crashing-gold-soars
P&G Investor. (2015). Annual Report. Retrieved from http://www.pginvestor.com/interactive/lookandfeel/4004124/PG_Annual_Report_2014.pdf
These include: the European Union, China, India, and Japan. Clearly, what many Americans perceive to be simply an economic problem in the United States, has far reaching effects around the globe.
orks Cited
Barba, R. "Centra Returns TARP Money." American Banker 173(65) 6 Apr 2009: p. 4. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .
Crain, K. "It's All About Saving an Industry." Automotive News. 83(6348) 23 Feb 2009: p. 12. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .
Fajt, M. "Iberiabank to Give TARP Infusion Back." American Banker 174(39) 27 Feb 2009: p. 20. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .
Marino, J. "Red Planet." The Dealmaker's Journal. 44(4) Apr 2009: p. 38-65. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .
McGreer, B. & Barba, R. "Here's Your Money Back: 4 Firms Pull…...
mlaWorks Cited
Barba, R. "Centra Returns TARP Money." American Banker 173(65) 6 Apr 2009: p. 4. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .
Crain, K. "It's All About Saving an Industry." Automotive News. 83(6348) 23 Feb 2009: p. 12. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .
Fajt, M. "Iberiabank to Give TARP Infusion Back." American Banker 174(39) 27 Feb 2009: p. 20. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .
Marino, J. "Red Planet." The Dealmaker's Journal. 44(4) Apr 2009: p. 38-65. Business Source Complete. EBSCOHost. University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ. 27 Apr 2009 .
Industy analysts pedict that moe touble lies ahead fo the mining industy in Austalia as well, but given its poduction of many of the wold's stategic mineal esouces that ae needed fo a wide ange of industial pocesses, it is likely just a matte of time befoe companies such as Rio Tinto witness a esumption of demand by its majo expot patnes in the futue.
Refeences
Austalia. (2009). U.S. govenment: CIA wold factbook. [Online]. Available: https://www.cia.
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The Austalian mineals industy and the Austalian economy. (2009). Mineals Council of Austalia. [Online]. Available: http://www.mineals.og.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/
0017/32804/Aus_min_industy_fact_sheet_July_2009.pdf.
Austalian mining industy diminished by almost 5% in 2008. (2009). Coobe Pedy Regional
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Condie, B. (2007, July 10). BHP and Blackstone may link fo 20 billion pound ALCOA bid. The Evening Standad (London), 29.
Messenge, J.C. (2004). Woking time and wokes' pefeences in industialized counties:
Finding the balance. New Yok: Routledge.
Mol, T. (2002, Octobe). An accident theoy that ties safety and…...
mlareferences in industrialized countries:
Finding the balance. New York: Routledge.
Mol, T. (2002, October). An accident theory that ties safety and productivity together.
Occupational Hazards, 64(10), 89-90.
Mudrooroo, W. (1999). Mining the earth without minding the Earth. World Literature Today,
Conclusion
Each of the four economies studied suffered somewhat from the economic downturn. The differences between the severity and length of recession in each country will inevitably be affected by the structure of that nation's economy and its relationship with the international monetary system. As such, it is important that we analyze the differences between these nations and the ways in which the current economic crisis impacts their economies. e can learn why some countries are comparatively successful at mitigating the impacts of recession, while others suffer more than they probably should given their links to the root of the problem. This insight can help the players in the international monetary system to develop a system in future that is better able to manage the downside impacts of recession.
orks Cited:
Zakaria, F. (2009) the Canadian Solution. Newsweek. Retrieved October 23, 2009 from http://www.newsweek.com/id/183670
Flynn, D. (2008). Greece did too little to avoid recession.…...
mlaWorks Cited:
Zakaria, F. (2009) the Canadian Solution. Newsweek. Retrieved October 23, 2009 from http://www.newsweek.com/id/183670
Flynn, D. (2008). Greece did too little to avoid recession. XPat Athens. Retrieved October 23, 2009 from http://www.xpatathens.com/news/19157
Bahree, M. (2009). Mongolia rolls with the recession. Forbes. Retrieved October 23, 2009 from http://www.forbes.com/2009/09/22/mongolia-mining-rio-markets-emerge-elbegdorj.html
No author. (2009). Is India recession proof? Vilekhari.com. Retrieved October 23, 2009 from http://www.vilekhari.com/business/is-india-recession-proof/
Economics
hile the U.S. is only showing the first signs of recovery from the global economic crisis, other nations such as Australia and China have recovered much more quickly. There are a number of factors that have contributed to the disparity in economic performance in the past three years in these different nations. In particular, three factors will be considered. The first is the situation in each country at the outset of the crisis. As the crisis was largely precipitated by a credit crunch, the differences between the structure and regulation of the banking sectors in each country will be given particular attention. The second factor will be the response on the part of each federal government to the crisis. The third factor will be the nature of the different economies -- the degree to which different structures have impacted the recovery process. Lastly, policy implications will be drawn for the…...
mlaWorks Cited:
BEA. (2011). National income and product accounts table. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Retrieved March 4, 2011 from http://www.bea.gov/national/nipaweb/TableView.asp?SelectedTable=1&ViewSeries=NO&Java=no&Request3Place=N&3Place=N&FromView=YES&Freq=Year&FirstYear=2007&LastYear=2010&3Place=N&Update=Update&JavaBox=no#Mid
Chinability.com. (2010). GDP growth in China 1952-2009. Chinability.com. Retrieved March 4, 2011 from http://www.chinability.com/GDP.htm
Jones, F. (2011). Krugman: Stimulus didn't fail because it never happened. Moneynews.com. Retrieved March 4, 2011 from http://www.moneynews.com/StreetTalk/paul-Krugman-Stimulus-Didnt/2011/02/16/id/386333
Maiden, M. (2009). Australia's banking sector is as strong as a brick outhouse. The Age. Retrieved March 4, 2011 from http://www.theage.com.au/business/australias-banking-sector-is-as-strong-as-a-brick-outhouse-20090506-avdj.html
d.).
In order to understand this idea about inventories, it is necessary to understand that if the prices were to change and not be rigid, then it would be the prices and not the inventories that would guide companies in their decisions about production. For example, if prices were increasing, a company would know that their product is popular and that they should increase the production of it. And if the prices were decreasing, the company would know that their product is not selling well and that they should probably reduce its production. In an economy though where the prices are fixed, companies need another way of deciding whether they should increase or decrease production. This is where Keynes came to the conclusion that the key is to observe the changes in the inventories in order to drive production (hat Causes a Recession to be a Recession, n.d.).
Over the years the…...
mlaWorks Cited
Harrison, Edward. "Chart of the Day: Unemployment as a Recession Indicator." 2008. Credit
Writedowns. 7 April 2009
Reddy, Sudeep. "Jobless Rate Hits 8.5%." The Wall street Journal. April 2009
Economic Crisis 2008-2009
This report focuses on the events that took place in the Great crash of 2008-2009. It aims to highlight the events that took place and what the basic factors and events were that eventually led to the economy crashing. It is also a point of focus to determine what effects came about and how different parties were to be blamed for the deregulation that led to the catastrophic events of the crash. It is linked with the policies present at that time i.e. The Monetary Policies outlining the control of money supply and interest rates as well as the Fiscal Policy that focus on the government spending and taxation policies.
The financial crisis refers to a situation whereby there is a contraction of money supply and the amount of wealth in the economy. This is also known as a "credit crunch" whereby participants of the economy lose their confidence…...
mlaReferences:
Minkiw, Mc Gregory. (2009). The Financial Crisis and the Economic Downturn of 2008 and
2009. Macro Economics (7th Edition).
Ryan (2008). The 2008-2009 Financial Crisis-Causes and Effects. Cash, Money, Life.
http://cashmoneylife.com/economic-financial-crisis-2008-causes/
ECONOMICS
The industrial age was an age of giant, mega corporations that were often bogged down by inefficient and outdated distribution, innovation, and production techniques. y contrast, the information age of the past 20 years or so has brought forth a new business form, a fluid congregation of businesses, sometimes highly structured, sometimes amorphous, that come together on the internet to create value for customers and wealth for their shareholders. This phenomenon has been commonly referred to as "digital capital," "information technology revolution," or "new economy." However, as both the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the Nasdaq soared to historic highs and record volatility in just a few short years, a widespread and quite fundamental disagreement emerged concerning whether or not the high-tech boom was nothing more than one huge bubble.
This paper analyzes and examines the present condition of the United States economy. Part II discusses what phase of the business…...
mlaBibliography
Bedroussian, Armen, Devol, Ross C., Fogelbach, Frank, Goetz, Nathaniel H., Gonzalez, Ramon, R., and Wong, Perry. "The Impact of September 11 on Metropolitan Economies." January 2002. Retrieved at Report.pdf on July 21, 2002.http://www.milken-inst.org/presrel/NationalMetroImpact
Jordan, Meredith. "Economists: Turnaround in Early 2002." Retrieved at onJuly 21, 2002.http://atlanta.bizjournals.com/atlanta/stories/2001/07/09/story5.html .
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EconEd Link." Retrieved at 21, 2002.http://www.econedlink.org/datalinks/index.cfmonJuly
Economics for Business
The company that I am studying is Apple. The company is a designer and marketer of consumer electronics, specifically computers, smartphones, tablets, mp3 players and software. The company has experienced a strong run of great performance in recent years, but it has not always been that way for Apple. The company struggled considerably, especially in the 1990s, before breaking loose. The key thing about Apple is that it has always sought to differentiate itself. Over the course of the past ten years, we have seen most of Apple's former competitors in the personal computer space leave the industry. The reason is that the computer industry is moving towards the strategic hell of perfect competition.
Strategy Hell
The term strategic hell reflects the condition of perfect competition. In the real world outside of economics textbooks, few markets can be truly understood to be perfectly competitive. Perhaps a vegetable market in a…...
mlaReferences
Lunden, I. (2013). Android at 82% share, Samsung a flat leader. TechCrunch.. Retrieved November 25, 2013 from http://techcrunch.com/2013/11/14/gartner-456m-phones-sold-in-q3-55-smartphone-android-at-82-share-samsung-a-flat-leader/
Mourdoukoutas, P. (2013). Apple's most important branding lessons for marketers. Forbes Retrieved November 21, 2013 from http://www.forbes.com/sites/panosmourdoukoutas/2013/10/05/apples-most-important-branding-lesson-for-marketers/
MSN Moneycentral. (2013). Apple Inc. MSN Moneycentral. Retrieved November 22, 2013 from http://investing.money.msn.com/investments/stock-income-statement/?symbol=AAPL
Riley, G. (2013). Strategic choice: Apple: Differentiation v scale. Tutor2U.net. Retrieved November 21, 2013 from http://www.tutor2u.net/blog/index.php/business-studies/comments/strategic-choice-apple-differentiation-v-scale
Why does GE finance poorly-rated airlines with its aircraft financing? GE benefits in three ways: (1) its lower cost of capital than the airlines means that it can charge a risk premium, and make more money on the airline debt, (2) it sells aircraft engines and, more critically, spare parts, which are the biggest long-term source of revenue for the company, and (3) the loans are well-collateralized. Even in a bankruptcy procedure, the airlines have relatively little recourse to the assets, and GE would be free to sell or lease the airlines to others. Other leasing companies, while they don't have GE's aircraft engine business, are able to lure tax-advantaged investors (offshore, those receiving tax credits, others) who also give them a lower cost of capital; their expertise in leasing and selling planes, as well as their leverage in pricing negotiations with the major airframe manufacturers gives them an…...
mlaBibliography
Business Week. "Why GE Is Keeping Loser Airlines Aloft." Business Week 7 February 2005: n.p.
Francisco, Federal Reserve Bank of San. Competition and Regulation in the Airline Industry. Economic Report. San Francisco: Federal Reserve, 2002.
Gittell, JH, Cameron, K, Lim, S and Rivas, V. "Relationships, Layoffs and Organizational REsiliance." The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science (2006): 300-329.
Mackinac. Price Elasticity of Demand. Economic. Mackinac: Mackinac Center for Public Policy, 1997.
This mindset was made possible by their intensive investments in new technologies that made transactions inherently unauditable and untraceable by the Securities and Exchange Commission and other governance entities. Given the automation of these complex trading workflows and the inability of governance bodies to keep pace with technological advances, coupled with banker's unwillingness to assist governments in tracking increasingly intricate transactions, the bankers could literally make their own rules up as they went along. What has differentiated this global economic downturn from others is how pervasive this attitude has become of offloading risk by aggregating toxic and bad loans together, using technologies to increase speed of transactions while alleviating accountability (Corden, 2009).
An aversion to risk has been replaced by a consolidating, aggregating and re-selling of completely worthless and often called "toxic" loans, with accountability of the performance of investments left by the wayside. Bankers had the most to gain…...
mlaReferences
John C. Bogle. (2009, April 21). A Crisis of Ethic Proportions. Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), p. A.19.
Corden, W. (2009). The World Credit Crisis: Understanding It, and What to Do. The World Economy, 32(3), 385.
John Dobson. (2003). Why Ethics Codes Don't Work. Financial Analysts Journal, 59(6), 29-34.
Jeffrey C. Gerrish. (2002). Ten new commandments for corporate governance. American Bankers Association. ABA Banking Journal, 94(11), 16-20.
Islamic Bonds: Sukuk and the World of Finance
Stocks and bonds are among some of the most common ways of investing and raising capital in the financial markets today. Investors in the international arena are presented with a myriad of choices in terms of bond types. One of these is a relatively recent bond market that has emerged from the Islamic community, known as "Sukuk." This term is used to describe Islamic bonds. This type of bond distinguishes itself from its Western counterpart by its adherence to Shari'ah principles, one of which is the prohibition on charging or paying interest (Islamic Development Bank, 2010). This is accomplished by granting the investor a share of the investment asset, with its cash flows and risk. The growth and success of the Sukuk market has been remarkable, in that it caters to an investor market that seeks to diversify its holdings beyond the traditional.
Thus,…...
mlaReferences
Financial Times (2011). Definition of Sukuk. Retrieved from: http://lexicon.ft.com/Term?term=sukuk -(Islamic-bonds)
Islamic Development Bank (2010). What is Sukuk? Retrieved from: http://thatswhy.isdb.org/irj/go/km/docs/documents/IDBDevelopments/Internet/thatswhy/en/sukuk/what-is-sukuk.html
Rana, S. (2014, Nov. 27). Pakistan raises $1b through Sukuk bonds. The Express Tribune. Retrieved from: http://tribune.com.pk/story/798044/pakistan-raises-1b-through-sukuk-bonds/
Reuters (2014, May 1). Pakistan will issue dollar-denominated sukuk soon: Dar. Dawn. Retrieved from: http://www.dawn.com/news/1103402
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Specifically, it will present the pros and cons of NAFTA, and how it will affect the apparel industry, especially in the California and/or Los Angeles market. It will consider such factors as how it affects the job market, manufacturers, contractors, etc.
THE EFFECTS OF NAFTA
The NAFTA agreement has been controversial since it first began in 1992. Many experts felt that the United States would lose a large amount of jobs to Mexico, because of lower wages and fewer trade union restrictions. It created Free Trade between Mexico, Canada, and the United States, and eliminated a large number of tariffs on a sliding scale over the next fifteen years. "On 12 August 1992, the United States, Canada, and Mexico agreed on a plan for free trade that would gradually eliminate tariffs over fifteen years and stimulate trade and investment. hile protecting the 1988 free trade…...
mlaWorks Cited
Clement, Norris C., et al. North American Economic Integration: Theory and Practice. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 1999.
Editors. "NAFTA and Workers' Rights and Jobs." Public Citizen.org. 2002. http://www.citizen.org/trade/nafta/jobs/
Gianaris, Nicholas V. The North American Free Trade Agreement and the European Union. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1998.
Rosenberg, Jerry M. Encyclopedia of the North American Free Trade Agreement, the New American Community, and Latin-American Trade. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1995.
1. The role of internal capital markets in corporate finance and investment decisions
2. How internal capital markets can affect the financial performance and risk management of a firm
3. The impact of internal capital markets on corporate governance and decision-making processes
4. The advantages and disadvantages of using internal capital markets within a firm
5. Case studies of companies that have successfully utilized internal capital markets to achieve strategic objectives
6. The relationship between internal and external capital markets and how they interact within a firm
7. The role of information asymmetry in internal capital markets and its implications for decision-making
8. The impact of globalization....
1. The rise of cryptocurrency fraud in local government: exploring how officials are using digital currencies to commit fraud and evade detection.
2. The impact of social media on government fraud: examining how social media platforms are being used to perpetrate fraud schemes within local governments.
3. Corruption in Tendering Processes: an analysis of how fraud is being committed in the awarding of government contracts and tenders at the local level.
4. The role of whistleblowers in exposing fraud in local government: investigating the importance of individuals coming forward to report fraudulent activities and the challenges they face in doing so.
5. The use....
Understanding Business Failure: A Comprehensive Analysis of Causes, Consequences, and Mitigation Strategies
Introduction
Business failure is an unfortunate reality that affects a significant number of enterprises worldwide. Understanding the causes, consequences, and potential mitigation strategies for business failure is crucial for entrepreneurs, managers, and policymakers alike. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of business failure, exploring the factors that contribute to its occurrence, the impact it has on individuals, organizations, and the economy, and the measures that can be taken to mitigate its effects.
Section 1: Causes of Business Failure
1. Economic Factors: Economic downturns, recessions, and changes in market conditions can....
1. Analyzing the Effect of a Global Economic Downturn on Sony Corporation's Key Metrics
2. Exploring the Impact of Technological Advances on Sony Corporation's Performance Metrics
3. Assessing the Consequences of Increased Competition in the Electronics Industry on Sony Corporation
4. Investigating the Influence of Currency Fluctuations on Sony Corporation's Financial Metrics
5. Examining the Effects of Supply Chain Disruptions on Sony Corporation's Key Performance Indicators
6. Evaluating the Impact of Changes in Consumer Preferences on Sony Corporation's Sales and Revenue
7. Simulation of Different Marketing Strategies and their Impact on Sony Corporation's Market Share
8. Analyzing the Effects of Government Regulations on Sony Corporation's Profitability
9. Exploring....
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