Domination According to Weber and Marx
Three types of domination or authority are distinguished by Weber. Below is a discussion of each, together with how they fit together with some of the theories by Marx.
Traditional
Traditional authority depends upon the perceived "sanctity" of established traditions of authority. Also, those exercising the authority are seen as legitimate, and thus unquestioned. Thus both the institution of traditional authority and the persons working under this tradition are respected without question, based upon the collective social perception that such systems are correct as a result of their previous establishment.
Thus the administrative structure associated with this kind of domination is particularistic and diffuse. Patriarchalism and feudalism are characteristics of such a structure, not giving much room for negotiation to those being dominated.
Rational-Legal
Rational-legal authority is based upon the perception of "legality." A set of rules are established for the exercise of such authority. These rules are respected as…...
Vietnamese domination by other countries. Specifically it will compare the Vietnamese experience of domination by France and China. Vietnam's relative recent history has been marked by domination and colonialism, mainly by France. Most westerners know Vietnam as the location of one of America's only unsuccessful wars. However, Vietnam has a long history, and much of it consisted of domination and colonialism at the hands of foreign invaders. China and France played heavily in this domination, and Vietnamese relations with China have been strained throughout its' history.
Domination and control by others fills Vietnam's history. The first country to control and dominate them was China, who ruled over Vietnam from 111 BC to 939 AD, and again from 1407 to 1428. One author notes, "China has been the longest-running enemy of Vietnam. Most of the heroes in Vietnamese history have been people who have fought against China" (Suter 2005). In fact,…...
mlaReferences
Hensmen, J. 1986. Vietnam 1945: The Derailed Revolution. Marxist.com.
http://www.marxist.com/vietnam-1945-derailed-revolution.htm#
SarDesai, D.R. 2005. Vietnam Past and Present 4th edition. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Suter, Keith. 2005. Vietnam: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. Contemporary Review, June, 351+.
transition imperial domination national independence characterized history states Third World 1950s 1960s. To extent change political status transform economic status places? If, ? If, ?
The decolonization process has been one of the most important phenomena of the 20th century. This is largely due to the impact this process had on the reshaping of the political spectrum at the international level as well as the changes that took place as a result of the process in terms of economics.
The process can be defined as being the "undoing of a colonial relationship. The decolonization process operates at four levels. First, an independent government with full power within the boundaries of the colony is created. The colonial power will no longer control the political structure of the colony. A new elite takes over. Second, the provision of public goods and government services is decided and managed by the new government. The colonial power…...
mlaReferences
Garoupa, Nuno and Juao E. Gata. War and Peace: The European Decolonization Process. 2000. Available at http://www.polarizationandconflict.org/Papers/garoupa.pdf
Sylwester, Kevin. "Decolonization and economic growth: the case of Africa." Journal of economic development. Volume 30, Number 2, December 2005. Available online at http://www.jed.or.kr/full-text/30-2/J05_694.PDF
The hunger and the dishonor provoked across the country by orld ar One were too much for them to put up with.
Hitler's plans involved conquering Eastern Europe in order to turn the territory there into parts of a greater Germany. In his opinion, his actions were not wrong, as he thought that would simply united all of the lands presumably belonging to Germany under one nation. However, he knew that several other European powers would interfere with his preparations. Consequently, he realized that he also had to weaken France and even England for his arrangements to work properly, hence his desire to extend his power over all of Europe.
It is possible that Adolf Hitler did not understand the consequences of his actions, as he believed that everything needed to be done in order for German people to "survive."
In wanting to dominate Europe, Germans can be regarded as hypocrites, as…...
mlaWorks cited:
1. Vermeil, Edmond, Germany in the Twentieth Century: A Political and Cultural History of the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich (New York: Praeger, 1956).
Edmond Vermeil, Germany in the Twentieth Century: A Political and Cultural History of the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich (New York: Praeger, 1956)
Edmond Vermeil, Germany in the Twentieth Century: A Political and Cultural History of the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich (New York: Praeger, 1956).
idem idem
Roman Empire in Greece & the East
The gradual "Romanization" of the Hellenistic world is attested to solidly by material culture: architectural, archeological and numismatic evidence abounds to show that the Romans would have a real and substantial presence in those eastern areas which had once been the dominions of Alexander the Great. ut in order to assess the Hellenistic response to this Romanization, we need to look beyond the material artifacts to a certain degree. I am inclined to agree with Greg Woolf that to a certain extent this is a distraction from the real rhetorical and psychological process whereby Romanization was effected: as Woolf notes, "to explain why some Roman material culture was nevertheless adopted by some Greeks it is necessary to invoke a second factor, namely the very marginal role played by material culture in Greek self-definition" (Woolf 1994: 128). I would suggest that the historical facts necessitate…...
mlaBibliography
*Dio Chrysostom, Orations 13, 31-51 [Lacus Curtius]
*Plutarch, Precepts of Statecraft [Lacus Curtius]
*Dionysius of Halicarnassus 1.89 [Lacus Curtius]
* Preston, Rebecca. "Roman Questions, Greek Answers: Plutarch and the Construction of Identity." In Goldhill, S. (2001). Being Greek under Rome: cultural identity, the second sophistic, and the development of empire. Cambridge, Chapter 3 [WEB-CT]
Female Freedom in the 19th Century: Two Short Stories
The short story entitled the “Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin and “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman both approach the subject of female sanity and wellness from different angles. Both stories suggest that society and those closest to the woman have really no idea about the inner life of the female, nor what is best for her mental health and overall well being. The incorrect assumptions of those around them are precisely what contribute to the ultimate tragedies and unraveling of mental states present within each story.
Chopin’s famous “Story of an Hour” demonstrates the ill-conceived presumption that so many of the era project on to the heart and mind of a woman. We are told of Mrs. Mallard’s fragility in the opening of the story. As a result of this fragility, “Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble,…...
Marital Power U.S." discuss describe advantages disadvantages married U.S. How role gender plays Education, Earned Income, (Professional: Occupational / Title) Does wage difference explains subordination home ? discriminating women, Is a systematic pattern dominates women men?( include race differences describing discrimination) Does domination public sector private sector? How ? Include discussions couples inherited wealth powerful status divorce rates types marriages average married couples? type family formation pattern affects continues future generations (children involved type families).
Marital power in the U.S.
Advantages and disadvantages of being married in the U.S.
Marriage is a wonderful union of two people who are bonded in love. One advantage of marriage is that it gives the two people in love the ability to love and to be loved in return. Marriage gives the two people an avenue to channel their love and attention towards a greater feeling. A second advantage of marriage is that it creates the…...
mlaReferences
Bednarek, L.B. (1998). The Gender Wage Gap: Searching for Equality in a Global Economy. Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 6(1), 213-236.
Davies, P.T., & Cummings, E.M. (1994). Marital Conflict and Child Adjustment: An Emotional Security Hypothesis. American Psychological Association Psychological Bulletin, 116, 387-411.
Kerckhoff, A.C. (1976). Patterns of Marriage and Family Formation and Dissolution. Journal of Consumer Research, 2(4), 261-275.
PolitiFact. (2012). Steve Sweeney claims two-thirds of marriages end in divorce, from http://www.politifact.com/new-jersey/statements/2012/feb/20/stephen-sweeney/steve-sweeney-claims-more-two-thirds-marriages-end/
" Soon thereafter Marian begins struggling with eating and acting more feminine (out of character) due to the pressures imposed by the expectations of society. Atwood's implication is that this expectation of femininity dehumanizes woman, restricting their potential to self-actualize and personal freedom. The author's portrayal of Marian as feminine and weak indicates she is programmed to act this way and unable to consciously behave in any other manner. Marian is dehumanized by society.
As the story progresses Marian begins to grow into a stronger person. She begins to discover who she is and what she wants and take control over her life. Marion understands she does not want Peter and the life her has to offer. She takes her ring off places it in her change purse next to her nickels and dimes, coins of low value. Ultimately she overcomes the oppression of her culture, literally devouring a cake that…...
mlaWorks Cited
Atwood, Margaret. The Edible Woman. New York: Warner Books, 1969. Print.
Moore, Charlotte. "The Ethics of Ambiguity." Philosophy Now, March/April 2013. Web. 15 May 2013.
Warren, Karen. Ecofeminist Philosophy: A Western Perspective on What it is and Why it Matters. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2000. Print.
The already shaky relationship between the Qatar state and Iranian society was further undermined by the Western exploitation of Iranian resources during the second half of the nineteenth century.
From 1918 until 1921 "British subsidies kept the government afloat, and British military and administrative advisers attempted to reorganize Iran's army and to manipulate the various political factions within the country to British advantage" (Cleveland, 185)*. When Britain added insult to injury by offering Iran a loan in exchange for exclusive advisory privileges, anti-imperial demonstrations broke out in several cities. Widespread discontent grew further. The Qatar government was regarded as ineffective and pro-British. A determined military commander finally took action and put a stop to the chaos.
Reza Khan used the political climate to advance from the position of commander and chief of the army in 1921 to that of the shah of Iran in 1925. His election overthrew the Qatar dynasty.…...
The only thing that is missing is the freedom to make that choice, the freedom to do it without pain or sacrifice. But freedom always comes with a price, especially for women. In the process of gaining her choice, Ada loses a finger, loses her piano, and almost loses her life.
We have to also look at history in the film. The Piano seems historically correct because women didn't have the right to choose their mates during this time. Love almost always came at some price. Ada chose to express her love the only way she knew how -- through her piano. But she is not making the right choice, because in the process she is sacrificing herself. She is unable to stand up for what is right because the pain is too great and too lonely to bear.
While I think Hook's view of male supremacy seems somewhat harsh, I…...
arxist or Neo-arxist Research
Theorist
Theory Summary
Critique of Theory
ax Weber
According to ax Weber the state is a special entity that possesses a monopoly on the legitimate use of violence. Weber believes politics is a required activity of government used in order to influence and control the relative distribution of force and power in the country.
Weber wrote of three main types of authority and political leadership domination that is present in society. These three types are charismatic, traditional and legal domination.
Weber also developed a theory of stratification where he explained and used such ideas as class, status, and party. According to his theory class is determined by an individual's economic situation. The notion of status is similar to prestige and honor. And the main purpose of parties is to gain domination in certain spheres of life. Like Weber, arx saw society as the struggle for class dominance, the confrontation between oppressors and…...
mlaMao Zedong
Marxism identifies only 2 types of production, Two types of production can be used, human and material. These two aspects have interrelation and they depend on each other. However, Mao tried to prove that such an interrelation is not essential. In his opinion both types of production should be included in the economic plan. He also took care and observed the process of population growth. Initially, China's post-1949 leaders were ideologically disposed to view a large population as an asset. Mao said an army of people is invincible. During Mao's rule, from 1949 to 1976, China's population increased from around 550 to over 900 million people. Mao believed that family planning should be integrated as a part of the overall plan for the development of the national economy, and that people should learn how to manage material production and how to manage themselves.
Although
Cultural Power
Karl Marx, Max Weber, Antonio Gramsci and Pierre Bourdieu all conceptualize culture power in different ways. Each identifies the agent (the specific social group) which acquires and makes use of cultural power as well as the means by which the agents acquire and maintain cultural power.
As Marx and Engels observe in The German Ideology, "The class which has the means of material production at its disposal, has control at the same time over the means of mental production, so that thereby, generally speaking, the ideas of those who lack the means of mental production are subject to it" (64). Thus, for Marx, laborers were the specific group that needed to acquire power from the elites (capitalists), owners of the means of production. The means of production were, of course, the laborers. Communism was the ideology that would free the laborers from subservience to the owners of capital.
For Weber, culture…...
Because concealment is provided, hidden transcripts, which in most cases are contrary to the public transcript, are unrestrained performances within the safety provided offstage and the assumed like-mindedness of the audience.
The difference between the public vs. The hidden transcript is the "impact of the domination on public discourse" (5). Thus, Scott illustrates the contradiction between the public and the hidden transcripts as he illustrates George Orwell's experience in colonial Burma (10-11). For the dominant, failure to perform his role could very well threaten his autocratic position, which may open for questioning the legitimacy of his authority and power. Because he needs to maintain his position of authority, he chooses to perform his public transcript despite his hidden transcript. While public performance has much bearing on the dominant's position of authority, Scott shows that decisions that truly matter are made in the realm of the private rather than in public…...
mlaReferences
Scott, James C. "Behind the Official Story." Domination and the Arts of Resistance:
Hidden Transcripts. Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1990. 1-16.
Scott, James C. "A Saturnalia of Power: The First Public Declaration of the Hidden
Transcript." Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1990. 202-227.
R's of American Racism:
Representation, Rejection, and Realization
Racism is a system of meaning that promotes and legitimated the domination of one racially defined group over another. Racism assigns values to both real and imagined cultural and physical differences, benefitting the dominant party and making negative claims about the subordinate, so that this dominance may be justified ideologically. The seeming illogical or even counterproductive nature of racism may be explained in that it comes in the wake of more concrete oppression. (Shohat & Stam, 1995) Through the last five or six centuries, and possibly earlier if one includes the history of the Crusades and anti-Semitism, light skinned Europeans have had a history of oppressing other nations and ethnicities through conquest, colonization, and enslavement. As the thin justification of religious zealotry wore increasingly thin through the ages, the justification of inferior race was no doubt especially important. So, the theory holds, light…...
Managerialism in Advanced Industrial Societies
According to Weber there are three options of structural power available to the entrepreneur in advanced industrial societies. These include the bureaucracy, charisma and tradition, or feudalism. These three options are discussed below in terms of organizations and elites, rationalization and bureaucratization, stratification, authority, and domination.
Bureaucracy
The bureaucratic option is also referred to as transactional in nature. Bureaucratization occurs as a result of knowledge.
Rationalization in this option occurs in the form of legality, where there is a rational legal hierarchical power; this is built on the basis of rational knowledge. All other aspects is subject to rationalization. Elites are chosen according to their merits based on knowledge, as are stratification, authority and domination.
Legal authority is therefore carried out in terms of issuing rules. The leader also must submit to systematic and impersonal discipline. Rational values and rules are determined by agreement among the elite forces within the…...
1. The Power of Language: How literacy shapes our worldview and understanding of the world around us.
2. From Illiteracy to Empowerment: The transformative journey of becoming literate and how it changes one's life.
3. The Intersection of Literacy and Identity: How our literacy experiences shape our sense of self and belonging in society.
4. Literacy as Liberation: Examining how literacy can empower individuals and communities to advocate for their rights and bring about social change.
5. The Role of Technology in Modern Literacy: Analyzing how digital technologies are reshaping the way we read, write, and communicate.
6. Literacy in a Global Context: Exploring the....
The Mighty Titans Clash: A Global Showdown of Led Zeppelin and AC/DC
This title sets the stage for an epic battle between two of the greatest rock bands of all time, Led Zeppelin and AC/DC. It evokes a sense of grandeur and anticipation, hinting at a musical showdown that will leave audiences spellbound.
Thunderbolts and Lightning: The Led Zeppelin vs. AC/DC Global Concert Experience
This title captures the raw power and energy of both bands, conjuring images of electrifying performances that will leave audiences breathless. The use of "thunderbolts" and "lightning" suggests an explosive and unforgettable experience.
Rock Legends Unite: Led Zeppelin and AC/DC....
Mazurek D?browskiego: The Resonant Anthem of Polish Patriotism
Among the diverse tapestry of national anthems, Poland's stands out with a title that evokes a rich historical tapestry: "Mazurek D?browskiego." This iconic moniker carries immense significance, deeply intertwined with the nation's struggles for independence and its enduring spirit.
Historical Roots of the Mazurek
The term "mazurek" originates from the traditional Polish folk dance of the same name. Characterized by its lively tempo, intricate footwork, and spirited rhythms, the mazurek epitomized the vitality and exuberance of Polish culture. During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, as Poland faced political turmoil and partitions by neighboring....
In the ever-evolving landscape of international communication media, the concept of media imperialism has become a topic of great interest and debate. This phenomenon refers to the domination and control of media and communication systems by a small number of powerful countries, typically Western nations, at the expense of smaller or developing countries. In this article, we will explore the notion of media imperialism in relation to the film industry, with a particular focus on the movies of the Marvel Universe.
The Marvel Universe, with its vast array of characters and interconnected storylines, has become a global entertainment powerhouse in recent....
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