Human Behavior Theories
Developmental psychology entails the changes that occur to human beings and their lives. Originally, it was concerned with children and infants: the field's expansion currently covers the entire life span of children. This field focuses on a range of topics such as psycho-physiological processes including motor skills. It also entails cognitive development involving areas such as moral understanding, language acquisition, problem solving, identity formation, emotional development, self-concept, and conceptual understanding. Developmental psychology examines the extent of development through the stage-like development vs. gradual accumulation of knowledge, and the extent to which children learn or born with innate mental structures. This report endeavors to describe the psychological, biological and socio-development of Isagani aged five years old in terms of developmental milestones and neurobiology. This study uses various theories to elucidate the degree in which a child meets expectation of normal development. It will analyze the socio-cultural and environmental factors…...

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References

Conger, J.K., & Kramer, L. (2010). "Introduction to the Special Section: Perspectives on Sibling Relationships: Advancing Child Development Research"

Freud, S. (1923). "The Ego and the id." Norton and Company

Goldstein, E.G. (1995). "Ego Psychology and Social Work Practice" The Free Press 2nd Edition.

Hall, C.S. (1954). A Primer in Freudian Psychology. Meridian Book.

Adolescence (13-18 Years)
Different age groups/development stages have distinct social, cognitive, physical and emotional features. Particularly, the adolescents have a lot of distinct changes and this paper gives an in-depth detail on adolescence. The paper also discusses theories that explain the development features of adolescents, with a preference to Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory.

Physical Features

A number of puberty-related physical changes are apparent in adolescents by the time they reach fifteen years of age. Girls normally go through growth spurts immediately prior to their puberty, which explains why they are often temporarily taller than boys of their own age. Although a majority of girls stop growing in height after fifteen years, boys' weight as well as height increases all through adolescence. Further, the menstrual period of a majority of girls commences at this age, in addition to breast development and pubic hair growth. Boys grow both facial and pubic hair in their puberty…...

.....theoretical perspectives to understand human development is stage theories, which postulate that human development takes place in different stages and change throughout the life span (Lerner et al., 2013, p.466). Erikson's Psychosocial Theory is an example of a theory under this perspective, which state that there are eight stages of psychosocial development that are biologically developed to manifest in a pre-determined, sequential way. Through this theory, Erikson effectively demonstrates that lifelong development involves integration of internal forces and external situations that influence development of ego.
Borzumato-Gainey et al. (2009) conducted a study on life satisfaction, self-esteem and subjective age throughout the life span of women (p.29). The study was conducted on a group of 320 women between 21 and 69 years to examine factors that affect women's life satisfaction, self-esteem, and views of appearance. A demographic questionnaire and three paper-and-pencil assessment instruments were utilized for data collection, which was analyzed statistically.…...

Narrative and Interpretation Part 1: Life Course Concepts and Developmental Theory
Describe the life course framework according to Hutchinson
The life course perspective is mainly focused on analyzing people's lives and the changes that happen between different periods. It can be cultural or socials changes, but it is essential to point out the relationships between the two periods. A good example is how one's childhood affects adolescence and how adolescence affects one's adulthood. The life course theory is quickly gaining popularity as a great way to study pathways of different organizations, families, and even social movements (Hutchison, 2018).
2. Define developmental concepts from one developmental theory
Researchers and socials workers who depend on life course theory as their reference point applies the following concepts to explain the growth changes:
· Cohorts,
· Transitions,
· Trajectories,
· Life events, and
· Turning points.
Life-course researchers whose primary focus is the historical context of development prefer using the cohort concept. Life-course scholars define…...

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References

Hutchison, E. D. (2018). Dimensions of human behavior: Person and environment. Sage Publications.

Hutchison, E. D. (2010). Dimensions of Human Behavior: Person and Environment. SAGE.

Marshall, V. W. (2006). The life course perspective: an overview in relation to the policy research initiative. In Commissioned plenary panel paper at conference of the Work and Family Consortium, Policy Research Initiative, Social Development Canada, Ottawa, March.

Martin, M. J., Blozis, S. A., Boeninger, D. K., Masarik, A. S., & Conger, R. D. (2014). The timing of entry into adult roles and changes in trajectories of problem behaviors during the transition to adulthood. Developmental psychology, 50(11), 2473.

Edmonston, B. (2013). Lifecourse perspectives on immigration. Canadian Studies in Population, 40(1-2), 1-8

Adolescent Physical Development
The following study appreciates the differences in during the growth and development of an individual because of their gender. With the focus on the changes that occur in males and females at puberty, the study looks at how the changes influence their self-esteem and peer acceptance. For every adolescent, there is a dissimilarity or asynchrony when it comes to the growth rates of their different body parts (McNeely, & Blanchard, 2010). Therefore, the puberty stages for both males and females adolescence are critical focal points. The focus will be on the body parts like hips, muscles, trunk, feet, arms, hands, face or skin. The changes on the identified body parts may affect the self-esteem and peer acceptance levels of these individuals either positively or negatively.

Hips

Females are known to have a curvier body due to the widening of their hipbones. During this changes, the woman starts to get…...

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References

McNeely, C. & Blanchard, J. (2010). The Teen Years Explained: A Guide to Healthy Adolescent Development. New York, NY: Center for Adolescent Health at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Shaffer, D.R. & Kipp K. (2013). Developmental Psychology: Childhood and Adolescence. New York, NY: Cengage Learning

Van der Graaff, J. et al. (2014). Perspective taking and empathic concern in adolescence: Gender differences in developmental changes. Developmental Psychology, Vol 50(3), 881-888

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGYDevelopmental Psychology: Lifespan and Individual DifferencesThe levels of proximity, love, and care experienced during infancy years have been proposed to show positive behaviors such as high self-esteem in adulthood. The degree of attachment is strongly rooted in the source of security during the nave years of a child\\\'s life, who shows several degrees of attachment corresponding to the level of attachment he gains from his caregivers. This paper aims to explore the association of early attachment problems affecting the variation of self-esteem in later life stages.esearchAccording to attachment theory presented by John Bowlby, the differences in the mother\\\'s treatment of both the parents contribute to a detailed specification of how infants would exhibit their attachment patterns (Cassidy, Jones & Shaver, 2013). Also, if the caregivers show love and security, the infant is more likely to develop stronger emotional security, leading to his later life stages. Children show greater…...

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ReferencesAlShawi, A. F., & Lafta, R. K. (2014). Relation between childhood experiences and adults\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' self-esteem: A sample from Baghdad. Qatar Medical Journal, 2014(2), 82–91.   X., Yang, Y., Li, H., Wang, M., Zhang, W. & Deater-Deckard, K. (2018). Parenting styles and parent-adolescent relationships: The mediating roles of behavioral autonomy and parental authority. Frontiers in Psychology, 9.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02187 Cassidy, J., Jones, J. D., & Shaver, P. R. (2013). Contributions of attachment theory and research: a framework for future research, translation, and policy. Development and Psychopathology, 25(4 Pt 2), 1415–1434.  https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579413000692 Lee, A., & Hankin, B. L. (2009). Insecure attachment, dysfunctional attitudes, and low self-esteem predicting prospective symptoms of depression and anxiety during adolescence. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology: The Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, 38(2), 219–231. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410802698396Queiroz, P., Garcia, O. F., Garcia, F., Zacares, J. J., & Camino, C. (2020). Self and nature: Parental socialization, self-esteem, and environmental values in Spanish adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3732.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103732 Shevlin, M., Boyda, D., Elklit, A. & Murphy, S. (2014). Adult attachment styles and the psychological response to bereavement. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.23295Suzuki, H. & Tomoda, A. (2015). Roles of attachment and self-esteem: Impact of early life stress on depressive symptoms among Japanese institutionalized children. BMC Psychiatry, 15.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-015-0385-1  https://doi.org/10.5339/qmj.2014.14 Bi,

The subject promises to approach issues of theology, sociology, ethicality and behavior with
necessary interdependency.

sychology: rofessional Ethics and Legal Issues (523), though an elective,
seems to be an absolutely indispensable channeling of study time. The
examination of issues of ethical and legal centrality to the research or
practice of psychology should arm future professionals with the underlying
information and philosophical orientation needed to approach this complex
field with sensitivity, objectivity and integrity.

Teaching Introduction to sychology (GIDS 524) is an elective which should
serve to further the knowledge and information obtained in Advanced
Educational sychology (GIDS 521), continuing to refine the ideas and
theories instructed through my larger course of study into a set of tools
for the demonstration of this knowledge. Here, I anticipate sharpening the
skills which I already possess to serve in the instructional capacity on
the interdisciplinary relevance of psychology.

hase 1:
This first phase of my degree program is devoted to gaining the knowledge
and theoretical grounding for the extrapolation of…...

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Psychology: Professional Ethics and Legal Issues (523)

Spring 2010:

Advanced Educational Psychology (521)

Teaching Introduction to Psychology (GIDS 524)

Important Theorists and their Contributions:

roca contributed greatly to the initial recognition of the importance of specific brain regions to particular aspects of human psychology and behavior in the middle of the 19th century. Shortly thereafter, William James published one of the first formal academic explanation of biopsychology just before the turn of the 20th century, titled the Principles of Psychology (Dennet, 1991; Pinker, 2002). James acknowledged that personal experience and external environmental factors played a role in human psychological development, but only in so far as they represent sets and types of automatic, involuntary, and inherent biological responses to circumstances (Dennet, 1991).

Approximately 60 years later, Walter Hess pioneered a method of directly exploring the role of specific brain regions and structures through the use of electro- stimulation (Gerrig & Zimbardo, 2005). y implanting electrodes into anesthetized laboratory animals, Hess demonstrated that specific behaviors could be triggered by electrically stimulating the…...

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Bibliography

Dennet, D. (1991). Consciousness Explained. New York: Little Brown & Co.

Dennet, D. (1996). Kinds of Minds: Toward an Understanding of Consciousness. New York: Basic Books

Gerrig, R, Zimbardo, P. (2005). Psychology and Life. 17th Edition. New York: Allyn & Bacon.

Pinker, S. (2002). The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature.

Psychology take-Home
Alan

Alan's quote clearly illustrates the concept of 'emotional intelligence.' The theory of emotional intelligence is associated with Daniel Goleman, who suggests that success in life cannot be solely attributed to intellectual ability as measured on conventional IQ tests. (Intelligence testing is a form of cognitive psychology.) Emotional intelligence has become more accepted as a 'real' intelligence in recent years because of the growing popularity of Howard Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences, or the idea that intelligence can defined according to specific ability groupings. Alan's sense of self-reflection about his own life underlines the fact that it is possible to develop emotional intelligence, even if someone is not naturally gifted in this particular area of his or her life.

Alan is an engineer, a profession that has traditionally valued technical capacities rather than feelings. But unlike some highly successful engineers, Alan has come to realize the importance of the 'human…...

psychological research there a thousands of pressing questions, yet among all those questions one rises to the top of the list. In the area of family psychology and family therapy the question of the psychological affects of domestic violence on children has been hotly debated and eternally researched, yet many questions remain unanswered. These questions are pressing as the institution of family in our culture evolves and emerges as an entirely different social dynamic than existed even twenty years ago. The psychological effects of violence, in the family upon children are vast and will probably always need further address.
Many families garner a different definition as more and more family units are head primarily by one parent and many families combine to become families consisting of several members who are related only by law, rather than by genetics. These trends began many years ago but continue to change the face…...

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References

Breggin, P.R. (2000). Reclaiming Our Children: A Healing Solution for a Nation in Crisis. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books.

Cummings, E.M., El-sheikh, M., Cummings, E.M., & El-sheikh, M. (1991). 7 Children's Coping with Angry Environments: A Process-Oriented Approach. In Life-Span Developmental Psychology: Perspectives on Stress and Coping, Cummings, E.M., Greene, a.L., & Karraker, K.H. (Eds.) (pp. 131-147). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Dakof, G.A. (1996). Meaning and Measurement of Family: Comment on Gorman-Smith Et Al. (1996). Journal of Family Psychology, 10(2), 142-146.

Gorman-Smith, D., Tolan, P.H., Zelli, a., & Huesmann, L.R. (1996). The Relation of Family Functioning to Violence Among Inner-City Minority Youths. Journal of Family Psychology, 10(2), 115-129.

In this, the individual does soak up the behaviors of those he or she is associated with. Yet, this is out of mimicking others behavior, with no regard for self gain. On the other hand, Bandura placed more emphasis as development being based on a balance between the environment and one's internally set goals. From this perspective, the individual mimics behaviors that lead to the achievement of certain goals, specifically engineering a more personal purpose to what is learned.
Bandura can also be seen as contrasting the theories of Jean Piaget as well. Once again, the two place a huge role on the nature of social environments on learning and development. Still, there are clear differences. First, there are clearly issues in regards to when the stages of development actually occur. The two present different age ranges for the important stages. Then, there is the increased importance of the social…...

The nature vs. nurture debate is over whether an individual learns behaviors from their environment (nurture) or whether an individual is born with certain genetic traits and predispositions toward certain behaviors. Today, most developmental psychologists believe that nurture enhances nature: that while biology is important, environment probably trumps biology in most cases. One developmental process that can be explained by both genetics and environment is gender identity. Biology does affect certain aspects of gender and sexuality but environment and conditioning are very important factors in the development of an individual's gender identity.

4. How do maternal nutrition and alcohol use potentially affect the health of a fetus?

The heath of a fetus is directly related to maternal nutrition and fetal development is hindered by malnutrition or use of alcohol. Excess drinking by the mother can cause fetal alcohol syndrome, which may cause birth defects, mental health problems and hyperactivity in the child.…...

Psychology Movie elation
A ose for Emily

Diagnosing a psychological complication are a daunting task and one that requires immense responsibility of the concerned health professionals who examine the patient and decide the appropriate diagnosis (APA, 2001). Among the many variables that a psychological professional observes, are the patient's past life history. For Emily, an examination of the setting and characters in the plot, and an assessment of some of the themes in Faulkner's short story, A ose for Emily and the occurrences involving Emily's father aids the reader to comprehend the pressures with which Emily tried coping and how she might have suffered from schizophrenia. Emily came from a family of high stature and affluence in their southern community and always had a burden of enormous expectations that people had for her. Her community anticipated her to have a hereditary obligation to uphold traditions, norms that her ancestors had established for…...

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References

APA. (2001). Quick Reference to the Diagnostic Criteria from DSM-IV. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.

Kinney, A.F. (2000). Faulkner's Narrative Poetics: Style as Vision. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.

Staton, S.F. (2005). Literary Theories in Praxis. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.

William, F. (2003). "A Rose for Emily." In The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym. 2160-2166. New York, NY: W.W. Norton.

These stores then send information into Short-Term memory stores, which then send information into Long-Term memory stores. The believed that control process were performed in short-term memory which allowed information to be put into long-term memory and then recalled from it as well (Baddeley, 1997).
6. Suppose a two-year-old child believed every object a person can go into with a roof is called a house. One day the child refers to the family car as a house. The parent corrects him and says this is a car not a house. Based on Piaget's theory, what will this child have to do in order to correctly process this material and not make a similar error in the future?

According to Piaget the child would have to assimilate and accommodate the information in order to not make the same mistake in the future. Assimilation is the process by which a person takes material…...

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Works Cited

Baddeley, Alan D. (1997). Human Memory. Retrieved July 7, 2009, from Google Books Web

site: http://books.google.com/books?id=fMgm-

2 NXAXYC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=Atkinson+and+Shiffrin%27s+(1971)+model+of

+memory&source=bl&ots=jLZi5KhHLo&sig=7Xk6Pz5i8SK3njg7lPGVsXSsIBE&hl=e n&ei=qk9TSv-MLoG6NfKlmOgI&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1

Psychology Development
Early Childhood

Medelein N. Moody, (2013). A Relational Aggression Intervention in Early Childhood. University of Nebraska. ProQuest LLC.

The paper was aimed at interrogating the relational aggression in early childhood and if there are interventions within the school setting that can act to reduce the aggression. This intervention is referred to as the Early Childhood Friendship Project and entailed taking stock of the changes in the behavior of the children as they undergo the study and the project. The preliminaries within the article indicates that there is usually a significant differences between the relational aggression between the boys and girls in school with the later recording a higher rate of aggression.

The study was conducted through a survey method and formal testing as the children went through the project and the teachers concerned recorded the results and any noticeable changes over time.

The results that were observed showed that there was a decrease…...

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Sebastian H. Scharf, (2013). Chronic social stress during adolescence: Interplay of paroxetine treatment and ageing. Neuropharmacology 72 (2013) 38e46

The research is centered on the effect of exposure to chronic stress during development especialy at the adolescent and the possibility of developing psychiatric disorders. This was motivated by the fact that little is known about the long lasting effects of the exposures to stress and their relation to age.

The study was focused on the direct and long-lasting impact of chronic social stress during adolescence as well as the chronic treatment of SSRI. Adult and aged animals were used since the experiment could potentially harm human subjects. There was use of CD1 mice at the age of 28 days and these were subjected to a chronic social stress for 7 weeks among other treatments with chemicals. It was observed that the chronic stress as well as the antidepressant treatment at the end of the development period could have a significant and long-lasting impact which is very relevant to healthy ageing.

1. The role of attachment theory in child development
2. The impact of parenting styles on children's behavior and mental health
3. The effects of early childhood experiences on later development
4. The influence of genetics and environment on human development
5. The importance of socialization in shaping personality development
6. The role of play in cognitive and social development
7. The effects of trauma and adversity on developmental outcomes
8. The significance of identity formation during adolescence
9. The impact of technology and screen time on child development
10. The relationship between emotional intelligence and success in adulthood.
11. How culture and society influence child development and behavior.
12. The....

Developmental Psychology: A Comprehensive List of Essay Topics

Cognitive Development

Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development: An Examination of its Stages and Implications
Information Processing in Children: How Age and Experience Shape Cognitive Function
Language Development and the Role of Environment: Exploring the Interplay of Nature and Nurture
Cognitive Biases in Children and Adolescents: The Impact of Cognitive Immaturity on Decision-Making
The Development of Memory in Infancy: How Early Experiences Influence Retrieval and Recognition

Social and Emotional Development

Attachment Theory: Bowlby's and Ainsworth's Perspectives: Implications for Infant-Caregiver Relationships
Socialization and the Development of Prosocial Behavior: How Children Learn to Cooperate and Share
Moral....

Essay Topic Ideas Related to Bullying

Social Impact

The effects of bullying on the mental health and well-being of victims and perpetrators
The role of social media and technology in facilitating and exacerbating bullying
Bullying as a social norm: Exploring the causes and consequences of peer pressure
The impact of bullying on school climate and academic performance
The effectiveness of anti-bullying campaigns and policies in reducing bullying prevalence

Psychological and Physical Consequences

The long-term psychological effects of being bullied, including depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem
The physical health problems associated with bullying, such as headaches, stomach aches, and sleep disturbances
The link....

Impact of Rapid Electronic Communication on Social Skills Development
The advent of rapid electronic communication, particularly through social media and instant messaging platforms, has significantly altered the way individuals interact with each other. While these technologies have undeniable benefits, they have also raised concerns about their potential impact on social skills development.
Positive Impacts:
1. Increased Connectivity and Communication:
Electronic communication enables individuals to stay connected with friends and family members who live far apart. It also facilitates communication with people from different cultures and backgrounds, fostering cultural awareness and understanding.
2. Enhanced Expressive Skills:
Social media platforms provide a space for individuals to express....