religion, origin, cultural practices and its influences on Confucianism.
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy that is developed from the life and teachings of Buddha. Buddhism has almost 380 million followers all over the world. The number has been increasing at a greater proportion in the modern era. The religion started over almost 2500 years ago. The main message of Buddhism is that a soul should attain enlightenment. The religion preaches a way of living which is based on the avoidance of self denial and self indulgence. One interesting factor about Buddhism is that there is no superior God in Buddhism.

Buddha (in Sanskrit means the "Awakened One") lived in mid 6th- 4th century Before Christ, a teacher in the North of India. Siddhartha Gotama, who later became Buddha, was born in a well off rich family. He had a simple and luxurious life but decided to give up all his…...

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References:

Miyamoto, Musashi. A Book of Five Rings, translated by Victor Harris. London: Allison & Busby; Woodstock, New York: The Overlook Press. 1974

Sun Tzu. The Art of War: Sun Zi's Military Methods. Columbia University Press. 2007

Bangladesh Culture Bangladesh is ranked the eighth most populous country across the globe and has distinctive features including culture (Guhathakurta & van Shendel, 2013). The country’s population has a complex culture that is deeply rooted in unique literary and oral traditions or customs. While these traditions remain largely unknown to the outside world, they have significant influence/impact on cultural practices in Bangladesh. As part of Bangladeshis’ culture, most meals are dominated by rice and fish. Actually, rice and fish act as the foundation of diet in Bangladesh to an extent that a meal without rice is almost inconceivable. Most of Bangladeshi food incorporates vegetables, fish, poultry, and meats. Food plays an important role in ceremonial occasions like weddings and public holidays in Bangladesh. In such occasions, the most common food is biryani, which is a rice dish beef/lamb with a mixture of spices, particularly saffron.
Bangladeshis view themselves and others essentially through…...

Sociology of American Eugenics and Nativism in Advertising
The study of eugenics as a valid science during the early 20th century American society are based upon two prevalent beliefs, which is the belief in " the perfectibility of the human species and a growing faith in science as the most dependable and useful form of knowledge (Microsoft Encarta 2002). Eugenics as popular science during the 20th century emerged due to the social 'landscape' of American society during that time. In an article by Garland E. Allen in the Image Archive on American Eugenics Movement entitled, "Social Origins of Eugenics," the possible social roots of eugenics is discussed in order to analyze and determine the factors that helped popularize this new kind of science, which resounds dominantly of Social Darwinism. Eugenics basically subsists to the belief that 'good' or desirable genes must prevail over 'bad' or undesirable ones in order to keep…...

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Bibliography

American Memory, The Library of Congress, "Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy, 1921-1929." Available at  http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/coolhtml/ccpres00.html .

Dolan DNA Learning Center, Cold Spring Harbor, "Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement." Available at  http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/eugenics/ .

Eugenics." Microsoft Encarta Reference Library 2002. Microsoft Inc. 1998.

John W. Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising, and Marketing History, & the Library of Congress, "Emergence of Advertising in America, 1850-1920 and Timeline." Available at  http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/eaa/timeline.html .

Culture vs. Civilization

The comparison between culture and civilization is one laden with intricacies and has been a subject of contention among historians, anthropologists, and sociologists for years. At first glance, these two concepts may seem synonymous, yet they encompass distinct aspects of human societies. Culture, often described as a system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that the members of society use to cope with their world and with one another (Kroeber & Kluckhohn, 1952), is inherently what gives a group its identity. Meanwhile, civilization is a term used to describe a complex society characterized by urban development, social stratification, a form of government, and symbolic systems of communication, often rooted in the advancements of agrarian practices and the emergence of trade and commerce (Toynbee, 1949).

One of the fundamental differences between culture and civilization is that culture exists as the fabric and consciousness of a society. It is…...

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References

Adorno, T. W., & Horkheimer, M. (1947). The culture industry: Enlightenment as mass deception. Dialectic of Enlightenment.

Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. University of Minnesota Press.

Benjamin, W. (1935). The work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction. Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung.

Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The location of culture. Routledge.

Cultural Schemata Theory:
Together with formal schemata and linguistic schemata, cultural schemata are some of the main types of schema theory, which is a hypothesis on how knowledge is gained and processed. Actually, schema is a technical word used by cognitive supporters to explain how people arrange, process, and store information in their brain. Notably, schemata focus on how people arrange information to long-term memory in relation to experiences, attitudes, values, strategies, skills, and conceptual understanding. The schema theory is founded on the belief that every act of an individual's understanding includes his/her knowledge of the world. The received knowledge is in turn organized into units that contain stores information.

Understanding Cultural Schemata Theory:

Cultural schemata is also known as abstract, story, or linguistic schema and is developed on the basis of people's basic experiences ("Schemata Theory in Learning," n.d.). Cultural schemata theory is described as the pre-existing knowledge about cultural elements of…...

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References:

Fuhong, T. (2004, April 10). Cultural Schema and Reading Comprehension. Retrieved December 5, 2011, from  http://www.celea.org.cn/pastversion/lw/pdf/TanFuhong.pdf 

Gilakjani, A.P. & Ahmadi, S.M. (2011. June). The Relationship between L2 Reading

Comprehension and Schema Theory: A Matter of Text Familiarity. Journal of Information and Education Technology, 1(2), pp. 142-149, Retrieved from  http://www.ijiet.org/papers/24-K002.pdf 

Gudykunst, W.B. (2005). Theorizing about intercultural communication. Thousand Oaks:

Cultural epresentation of Social Class
Social class is a reflection of more than the material conditions of the lives that people live. Objective resources such as income are responsible for shaping up some cultural practices as well as behaviors which signal social class. These signals end up creating cultural identities among the people in the upper and those in the lower classes. This makes people get rooted perceptions that are subjective in terms of social classes. The paper will look at how culture which is related to social class impacts identity and pride within individuals within specific social classes.

Social classes have a great influence on people thoughts, feelings and their actions. Social class is a form of cultural identity which is constituted in various processes. First of all the social class that someone belongs to is determined by symbols such as wealth, preferences and social behaviors such as the language they…...

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References

Gabrenya, W.K. (2003).Culture and Social class. Retrieved June 26, 2013 from  http://my.fit.edu/~gabrenya/social/readings/ses.pdf 

Menon, D. (2011).Social class as culture. Retrieved June 26, 2013 from  http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/news/releases/social-class-as-culture.html

"9.8% in urban areas; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas; an official Chinese journal estimated overall unemployment (including rural areas) for 2003 at 20% (2004 est.)" (CIA orld Factbook "China") the occupation breakdown for the nation is also rather simplistic, with a large protion of the population still being engaged in agricultural industries: "agriculture 49%, industry 22%, services 29% (2003 est.)" (CIA orld Factbook "China")
Cultural habits of China are relatively universal as the nation has relatively few national minorities and limited immigration from other nations due to its communist legacy. The majority ethnic group Han Chinese constitutes 91.9% of the total population with the significant minorities including Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities, constituting only a total of 8.1%. There is though a significant social and cultural disparity between urban and rural populations. Urban China is relatively modern, with many conveniences…...

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Works Cited

CIA World Factbook "China" at  http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/wofact2005/geos/ch.html 

Goldberg, Jonah. "10 Million Missing Girls." National Review 30 Jan. 2006: 8.

The study reveals the ways culture and religion intersect with gender, and in fact the authors base their research on the theory of intersectionality. White privilege, gender, and any other issue related to social justice and personal consciousness is situational. Each individual will experience race, class, gender, power, religion, and ethnicity in different ways.
When reading the three articles, I first note their similarities. All three articles address white privilege. The problem with white privilege is that it is built into the social institutions upon which societies are built. White privilege can also be extended to refer to gender privilege and patriarchy, which is why Greenwood & Christian (2008) note that women from whatever culture or religion tend to gloss over their differences to bond together in sisterhood. Sisterhood might trump experiences such as racial prejudice and bias. However, when faced with the problem of the hijab, women who are…...

Cross-Cultural Differences and Communication
Cultural identity is a significant force that shapes the interaction between people from different cultures. The contemporary globalization has made intercultural interactions inevitable in the contemporary society. People draw conclusions about other people's culture depending on a wide range of observations about the individual's way of live, values and behavior. For instance, understanding what people from specific cultural values helps in drawing about that culture in that specific aspect of value or behavior (Byram, 2015). For example, I have drawn the conclusion that martial art is a significant cultural practice in the Chinese culture. This conclusion is informed by the several Chinese films that I have watched that have largely been characterized by Martial Arts. This predominance of martial arts in these films informed the conclusion I have drawn from the Chinese culture.

UNIT 4 DISCUSSION

I am visiting a new country within a different culture from my culture.…...

Collaborative Learning Community on Issues elated to HIV / AIDS
Culture refers to a complex set of material, intellectual, spiritual and emotional characteristics that define a social group or a society. It comprises of fundamental rights, ways of life, traditional beliefs, and value systems in society. Some cultural beliefs, practices, and norms related to sexuality contribute to the spread and increased risk of HIV acquisition. Cultural beliefs such as negative attitudes towards the use of protective mechanisms such as condoms as well discussing its use among societies is one among the contributing factors. For example, men in some communities do not prefer using condoms because they consider flesh-flesh sex with masculinity and promotion of health.

Practices such as the male circumcision influence the risk of HIV disease. Studies show that the social practice significantly reduces the risks of HIV disease among them male during penile vaginal sex. Social practices embedded in the…...

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References

Hall, J.C., Hall, B.J., & Cockerell, C.J. (2011). HIV / AIDS in the post-HAART era: Manifestations, treatment, and epidemiology. Shelton, CT: People's Medical Pub. House- USA.

Jenkins, C.L. & Robalino, D.A. (2003). HIV / AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa: The costs of inaction. Washington, DC: World Bank

Stolley, K.S., & Glass, J.E. (2009). HIV / AIDS. Santa Barbara, Calif: Greenwood Press

World Bank (2001). HIV / AIDS in the Caribbean: Issues and options. Washington, DC: World Bank

Global Leadership Global LeadershipIntroductionAny organizational success in the present globalized economy excessively relies on leadership. Leaders must deal with global economic realities (Mendenhall et al., 2013). Nonetheless, most leaders have not been educated, prepared, or trained to handle the current complex environment. Due to the increasingly global environment, leaders encounter several complicated challenges (Javidan et al., 2016). Any organization that plans to flourish within the global market has to enact global leadership development as part of its strategic plan.Some studies have referred to global leadership as an interdisciplinary study of critical aspects that future leaders in various categories of personal experience should obtain to properly familiarize themselves with globalizations geographical, physiological, anthropological, psychological, sociological, and geopolitical impacts (Mendenhall et al. 2013). Global leadership can also be referred to as the ability to effectively operate within the global environment while upholding respect for cultural diversity (Javidan et al., 2016). Usually, global…...

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ReferencesAndersen, P. H., & Kragh, H. (2015). Exploring boundary-spanning practices among creativity managers. Management Decision.Bivona, D. H. (2018). Exploring global leadership competencies: a study of leadership in US-based MNCs (Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University).Bracht, E., Monzani, L., Boer, D., Haslam, S. A., Kerschreiter, R., Lemoine, J. E., ... & van Dick, R. (2022). Innovation across cultures: connecting leadership, identification, and innovative behavior. Applied Psychology: an international review.Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., De Luque, M. S., & House, R. J. (2016). In the eye of the beholder: Cross-cultural lessons in leadership from Project GLOBE. In Readings and Cases in International Human Resource Management (pp. 119-154). Routledge.Karjalainen, H. (2020). Cultural identity and its impact on today’s multicultural organizations. International Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, 20(2), 249-262.Mendenhall, M. E., Osland, J. S., Bird, A., Oddou, G. R., Maznevski, M. L., Stevens, M. J., & Stahl, G. K. (2013). Global leadership. New York: Routledge.Osland, J. S., & Lester, G. V. (2020). Developing socially responsible global leaders and making a difference: Global leadership lab social innovation projects. In Research Handbook of Global Leadership (pp. 350-363). Edward Elgar Publishing.Pacquiao, D. (2018). Attributes of Cross-Cultural Leadership. In Global Applications of Culturally Competent Health Care: Guidelines for Practice (pp. 307-314). Springer, Cham.Posner, S. M., & Cvitanovic, C. (2019). Evaluating the impacts of boundary-spanning activities at the interface of environmental science and policy: A review of progress and future research needs. Environmental science & policy, 92, 141-151.Szkudlarek, B., Romani, L., Caprar, D. V., & Osland, J. S. (Eds.). (2020). The Sage handbook of contemporary cross-cultural management. Sage.Zajda, J. I., & Majhanovich, S. (Eds.). (2021). Globalization, cultural identity and nation-building: The changing paradigms (Vol. 5). Dordrecht: Springer.

Culural Competence |
Cultural Competence in the Criminal Justice System

Culture determines people's experiences of their world. It is important in the reception and delivery of services. Cultural competence starts with knowing your cultural practices and beliefs, and recognizing the different practices and values of people from different cultures. This goes beyond speaking a different language, or just acknowledging a different group's cultural icons. Cultural competence involves changing your biases or prejudgments on a different people's cultural traditions or beliefs (Continuing Education Online, 2002-2016).

Cultural competence, therefore, can be described as a group of attitudes and behavior within a culture. These attitudes and behavior are incorporated into the methods of practice of an agency, system or its experts, and helps them work productively under cross-cultural circumstances. To successfully achieve cultural competency, knowledge about groups and individuals must be incorporated and translated into certain practices and rules applied in suitable cultural settings. Professionals with…...

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REFERENCES

Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. (1998). Case Management for Clients With Special Needs. Retrieved August 7, 2016, from National Center for Biotechnology Information:  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 

Continuing Education Online. (2002-2016). Cultural Competency and Diversity. Retrieved August 7, 2016, from Continuing Education Online:  http://www.getceusnow.com 

Otu, N. (2015). Decoding Nonverbal Communication In Law Enforcement. Salus Journal, Issue 3, No. 2, 1-16. Retrieved from Salus Journal:  http://www.salusjournal.com 

Patel, S. (2016). Cultural Competency Training: Preparing Law Students for Practice in Our Multicultural World. Retrieved August 7, 2016, from UCLA Law Review:  http://www.uclalawreview.org

ebuttal to Group 1 PositionIntegrating cultural and human geographic concepts into military and intelligence operations is something to consider, but it is also important to be critical of the idea and understand potential risks and implications. Some of these risks include the possibility for misinterpretation and over-generalization, exploitations, historical oversights, cultural reductionism and over-emphasis on operational efficiency at the expense of long-term stability.For example, human geography is helpful in some cases but it can also be subject to misinterpretation. Over-reliance on the Human Terrain System (HTS) or any other such tool can oversimplify situations. Because cultures are complex, a rigid system is unlikely to capture the nuances of the reality. For this reason, these systems can contribute to faulty intelligence. Likewise, too much emphasis on understanding regional cultures could lead to false senses of security. Indeed, the assumption was that the U.S. military had taken steps after 9/11 to be…...

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ReferencesWirtz, J. J. (2023). Are Intelligence Failures Still Inevitable?. International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 1-24.

Essay Topic Examples
1. The Impact of Cultural Values on Consumer urchasing Decisions:
    Explore how deep-rooted cultural values shape consumer preferences and behaviors. Discuss the effect of traditions, family structures, religious beliefs, and societal expectations on the types of products consumers feel compelled to purchase, as well as the brands they remain loyal to.

2. Materialism and Cultural Shifts: A Global erspective:
    Analyze the phenomenon of increasing materialism and how it is tied to cultural shifts in various societies. Examine the role of Western culture in promoting consumerism and the ways this is adopted, adapted, or resisted by other cultures around the world.

3. Consumerism and the Role of Social Media Across Cultures:
    Investigate how social media platforms, omnipresent across numerous cultures, influence consumer habits and purchasing patterns. Consider how culture-specific expressions of consumerism are spread and sometimes altered through social media interactions.

4. The Intersection of Culture and Sustainability in Consumerism:
    Delve into the cultural dimensions of…...

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Primary Sources

Belk, Russell W. \"Possessions and the Extended Self.\" Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 15, no. 2, 1988, pp. 139-168.

Hofstede, Geert. \"Culture\'s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations.\" Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2001.

Tian, Kelly Tepper, and Russell W. Belk. \"Extended Self and Possessions in the Workplace.\" Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 25, no. 2, 1998, pp. 179-196.

Askegaard, Søren, and Eric J. Arnould. \"Cultural Production and Consumption Systems in Family Food Consumption: An Analysis of Beef in Bourdieusian Perspective.\" Advances in Consumer Research, vol. 28, no. 1, 2001, pp. 95-100.

Nakata, Cheryl, and K. Sivakumar. \"National Culture and New Product Development: An Integrative Review.\" Journal of Marketing, vol. 63, no. 1, 1999, pp. 61-72.

The Psychological Development of VLIntroductionThis paper describes the psychological development of a young girl named VL. At the age of 3 years and 11 months, VL is vibrant, talkative, curious, engaging and enthusiastic. She has boundless energy, and is part of a Jamaican family. She also has an older brother who is 7 years old and has been diagnosed with autism. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate VL\\\'s development in five key areas as per the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST). This paper also applies the theories of Freud and Piaget to VL so as to better understand her behavior. Finally, it provides an analysis of her genogram and a cultural assessment.Theorist ApplicationFreud\\\'s TheoryFreud\\\'s psychosexual stages of development propose that children pass through a series of stages related to sexuality and psychological growth. According to Freuds theory, VL is in the phallic stage, which occurs between the ages…...

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ReferencesGebhardt, J. (2023). “Seeing” Potentially Toxic Organizational Relationships: Applying the Bowen Family System Theory. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2023, No. 1, p. 13058). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.Jennings, J. L. (2022). Freud’s case of Dora: Wellspring of discovery and discourse. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 10(1), 290-314.Niaz, A., Stanikzai, S. M., & Sahibzada, J. (2019). Review of Freud’s psychoanalysis approach to literary studies. American International Journal of Social Science Research, 4(2), 35-44.Pakpahan, F. H., & Saragih, M. (2022). Theory of cognitive development by jean Piaget. Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2(1), 55-60.Sinanan, J. (2019). Visualising intimacies: The circulation of digital images in the Trinidadian context. Emotion, Space and Society, 31, 93-101.Vagha, K., Taksande, A., Kenjale, S., Vagha, J., Varma, A., Vagha, J. D., & Varma Sr, A. (2023). Neurodevelopmental Assessment in Children With Congenital Heart Disease by Applying the Denver Developmental Screening Test 2: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus, 15(1).

There is no understating the importance that the Church and the development of Christianity and alternative churches have in the history of the world and the creation of modern culture.  Christianity and the Church were a driving factor behind the colonial development of the world, which required incorporating foreign aspects into worship, and led to the creation of the modern worship experience.

 
It is important to look at how the Age of Discovery, when the Catholic Church expanded around the globe by establishing missions in conquered or colonized countries with indigenous populations of people who....

Title: The Critical Reality of Global Warming: Challenges and Solutions

Introduction (300 words)

Definition and Overview: Begin by defining global warming and its relevance in the current global scenario.

Thesis Statement: Present a clear thesis that outlines your perspective on global warming, its impacts, and potential solutions.

Scope of Essay: Briefly describe what the essay will cover, including causes, effects, and mitigation strategies.

Section 1: Causes of Global Warming (600 words)

Human Activities: Discuss how industrialization, deforestation, and burning of fossil fuels contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.

Agricultural Practices: Explain the role of agriculture, including livestock farming and rice cultivation, in methane emissions.

Energy Consumption: Analyze how our....

Ireland was poor for a long period of time due to a number of historical, political, and economic factors.

1. English colonization: Ireland experienced centuries of English colonization and control, resulting in land confiscation, forced tithes, and economic exploitation. The English prioritized their own interests, which hindered Ireland's economic development.

2. Penal Laws: The Penal Laws, enacted in the 17th and 18th centuries, restricted the rights of Irish Catholics, preventing them from owning land, holding public office, or practicing their religion freely. This discrimination limited upward socioeconomic mobility for the majority of the Irish population.

3. Agricultural practices: Ireland's reliance on subsistence agriculture....

Crafting an Impactful Thesis Statement on Transmission of Culture through Education

Introduction:
Education plays a pivotal role in transmitting culture from one generation to the next. It perpetuates societal values, norms, and beliefs, shaping the collective identity of a people. Crafting an impactful thesis statement on this topic requires a comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between culture and education.

Step 1: Define Culture and its Components
Culture encompasses a vast array of intangible and tangible elements that characterize a society, including values, norms, beliefs, traditions, language, art, and technology. It is a dynamic and constantly evolving phenomenon that is transmitted through various mechanisms,....