" Moreover, since America has outlawed beating military personnel, military detainees, wives, prisoners, and the aged, it makes sense that we should extend such protection to children. In fact, it more than makes sense; it seems to be the only viable option for a first world society such as ours that values freedom, equality, and justice for all.
orks Cited

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Psycho-social Aspects of Child and Family Health Policy Statement, Guidance for Effective Discipline, 101(4) PEDIATRICS, 723-28 (1998).

Irwin a. Hyman, Reading, RITING and the HICKORY STICK: The Appalling Story of Physical and Psychological Abuse in American Schools 30-34 (1990).

Kalwary, Nancy. "Ruling Carries Clout to Kids." Clearwater Sun [Florida] 21 Apr. 1977. Print.

Merlis, George. "The Updated Hickory Stick." The Nation Nov. 1975: 1. orld Corporal Punishment Center. eb.

Middleton. J. "Thomas Hopley and Mid-Victorian Attitudes to Corporal Punishment." History of Education 2005.

"Pro Corporal Punishment." Child Discipline with Love. eb.…...

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Works Cited

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Psycho-social Aspects of Child and Family Health Policy Statement, Guidance for Effective Discipline, 101(4) PEDIATRICS, 723-28 (1998).

Irwin a. Hyman, Reading, WRITING and the HICKORY STICK: The Appalling Story of Physical and Psychological Abuse in American Schools 30-34 (1990).

Kalwary, Nancy. "Ruling Carries Clout to Kids." Clearwater Sun [Florida] 21 Apr. 1977. Print.

Merlis, George. "The Updated Hickory Stick." The Nation Nov. 1975: 1. World Corporal Punishment Center. Web.

IX. REPORT of the UN STUDY on VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN

The United Nations Secretary-General's Study on Violence Against Children states twelve specific recommendations as having arisen from their study on violence against children which include the following recommendations:

1) Strengthen national and local commitment and action: This refers to establishing a national focal point on violence against children by the end of 2007, to coordinate actions, and especially to ensure that actions to stop violence against children are integrated into national planning processes by 2009;

2) Prohibit all violence against children: This refers to legal reforms including implementation of laws to stop all forms of violence against children, in all settings, including all corporal punishment, harmful traditional practices, such as early and forced marriages, female genital mutilation and so-called honor crimes, sexual violence, and torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, as required by international treaties.

3) Prioritize prevention: This refers…...

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Bibliography

Sureshrani Painjtel (2007) Banning Corporal Punishment of Children. A Position Paper

Association for Childhood Education International. Mar 2007 Online available at  

Strauss emphasized his interpretation by saying, "Corporal punishment... was associated with an increased probability of a child assaulting the parent a year and a half later. Thus, while it is true that corporal punishment teaches the child a lesson, it is certainly not the lesson intended by the parents." (Strauss, 2001). The assumption that corporal punishment "taught" the children to assault their parents may not have been valid either. Perhaps these children were already prone to such behavior, and the parents used corporal punishment in an failed attempt to turn the child's behavior around. Another study cited by Strauss correlated corporal punishment with dating violence later, while fourth study used children of mothers seen hitting their children during interviews (Strauss, 2001). Once again the important issues were blurred. Hitting and spanking are not the same thing.

One of the criticisms of corporal punishment is that it "is not used merely as…...

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Bibliography

Author not given. 1966. "Spare the Rod? New Research Challenges Spanking Critics." Family Policy 9(5), October.

Bauman, Laurie J. 1996. "Assessing the causal effect of childhood corporal punishment on adult violent behavior: methodological challenges.(The Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Corporal Punishment: Proceedings of a Conference, February 9 and 10, 1996 in Elk Grove Village, Illinois)." Pediatrics, October.

Benatar, David. 1998. "Corporal Punishment." Social Theory and Practice, June.

Strauss, Murray A. 2001. "New Evidence for the Benefits of Never Spanking." Society 38(5), 52-60, Sept.-Oct.

However, there may be cases when a mild form of corporal punishment such as spanking on buttocks in a reasoned and caring manner, under certain conditions, may have beneficial effects. It is also my opinion -- and for this I am heavily indebted to Cleverley and Phillips -- that no rival model should be rejected outright. All our paradigmatic assumptions must be critically analyzed before we come to a decision as important as the one related to child rearing. Only through a careful analysis of all models, can we avoid the excesses of uncritically following a model built on unexamined assumptions.
eferences

Bronson, P., & Merryman, A. (2009) NurtureShock: New Thinking About Children. New York: Twelve.

CHUA, A. (2011, January 8). WHY CHINESE MOTHES AE SUPEIO. Wall Street Journal - Eastern Edition. pp. C1-C2. etrieved from EBSCOhost.

Cleverley, J., & Phillips, D.C. (1986) Visions of Childhood: Influential Models from Locke to Spock. New…...

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References

Bronson, P., & Merryman, A. (2009) NurtureShock: New Thinking About Children. New York: Twelve.

CHUA, A. (2011, January 8). WHY CHINESE MOTHERS ARE SUPERIOR. Wall Street Journal - Eastern Edition. pp. C1-C2. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Cleverley, J., & Phillips, D.C. (1986) Visions of Childhood: Influential Models from Locke to Spock. New York: Teachers College Press.

Dobson, J.C., & Dobson, S. (2010) Night Light for Parents: A Devotional. Carole Stream, IL: Tyndale House.

The data supported the conclusion that children subjected to parental discipline in the form of normative corporal punishment exhibited a small but statistically significant increase in negative behaviors as compared with children at the same ages who were not subjected to corporal punishment. Further, the research results also indicated that the negative outcomes associated with corporal punishment were increased in children with difficult temperaments. On the basis of those data, the researchers concluded that, contrary to other studies supporting the use of normative corporal punishment, that form of discipline is a causal factor in perpetuating behavior problems among children.
elevance to the Issues and Implications

The findings of the study are highly relevant to the issue of whether or not any use of corporal punishment is appropriate and beneficial. The researchers suggest several specific implications: First, that despite the relatively small magnitude of negative consequences, they might be substantially detrimental to…...

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References

Baumrind, D., Larzelere, R.E., and Cowan, P.A. "Ordinary Physical Punishment: Is it

Harmful? Comment on Gershoff (2002)." Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 128, No. 4,

(2002): 580 -- 589.

Button, D.M. "Social Disadvantage and Family Violence: Neighborhood Effects on Attitudes about Intimate Partner Violence and Corporal Punishment." American

Corporal Punishment Death Penalty
The death penalty, as well as corporal punishment in general is one of the most controversial issues in America today. It cannot fail to elicit mixed responses within individuals, especially those with very strong convictions about life, right and wrong and also faith. Few people are neutral on the subject even though many people think that it is simply a fact of life associated with the nature of the penal system in this country. The example having been set centuries ago, many people think of it as a simple expression of history, and dismiss it in kind because of its historical nature, falsely believing it to be a deterrent for heinous acts of brutality and unaware that the United States is one of the only developed nations that still employs the death penalty.

Bienen) "Abolitionists claim that although the death penalty was considered an acceptable practice by the…...

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Works Cited

Robert M. Baird, and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, eds. The Current Debate. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 1995.

Bedau, Hugo Adam. The Courts, the Constitution, and Capital Punishment. Lexington,

MA: Lexington Books, 1977.

Michael W. Markowitz, and Delores D. Jones-Brown, eds. The System in Black and White: Exploring the Connections between Race, Crime, and Justice. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2000.

From this point-of-view, the human rights have been breached and in many situations without effect.
It is rather hard to point out what could actually replace the use of torture in today's world, where information is extremely difficult to retrieve from individuals. The fact that the U.S. is engaged in a war which is waged not in the traditional way but most of the times with tools which are in the form of information the debate is whether it is more important to protect the life of the human being or to ensure the security of a country and of a system. Even so, in a world which is considered to be the most advanced global community in the history of civilization, regardless of the threats perceived, the respect for human rights, dignity and humanity must prevail.

eferences

Berstein, Serge, and Milza. Pierre. 1994. Histoire de l'Europe. Paris: Hatier.

CNN. 2004. Powell: Arab…...

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References

Berstein, Serge, and Milza. Pierre. 1994. Histoire de l'Europe. Paris: Hatier.

CNN. 2004. Powell: Arab world should be more outraged. 'No excuse for silence' after American's beheading.  http://edition.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/meast/05/16/powell.berg/index.html 

Priest, Dana and R. Jeffrey Smith. 2004. "Memo Offered Justification for Use of Torture. Justice Dept. Gave Advice in 2002." Washington Post.  http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A23373-2004Jun7.html 

Russbach, Oliver. 1994. ONU contre ONU. Le droit international confisque. Edition La Decouverte. Paris the Daily Mail. 2005. We're Banning Torture from Now, Says Rice.  http://www.questia.com/read/5012071979

Not all children will respond to positive reinforcement, but sometimes even drastic negative reinforcement such as corporal punishment does not work on these children. In general, however, positive reinforcement is only one way to teach children discipline very quickly and make sure that the lesson remains with them in the future. In the past, it was thought that corporal punishment was the way to do this, and some schools still appear to hold this opinion while others are changing the way that they handle student discipline.
Review of Literature

Healthy learning environments and positive attitudes are vital to classroom learning, regardless of the age of the students. It is for this reason that appropriate management techniques must be used within the classroom setting. Educators must look at having both healthy environments and safe environments if they want their students to enjoy their learning experience and if they want the programs that…...

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Bibliography

Adams, M.J., Treiman, R., & Pressley, M. (1998). Reading, writing, and literacy. In W. Damon (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Child psychology in practice, 4, 275-355. New York: Wiley.

All in the Family. 2002. ChildCareAware.  http://www.ChildCareAware.org .

Block, N. (2000). Abandon the rod and save the child. The Humanist.

Brophy, J.E. (1982). Classroom organization and management. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Education.

We must analyze any new study or article. Each article or study provides new information or a new angle of looking at the issue in case, or new opinions that we have not yet taken into consideration.
Analyzing multiple points-of-view

There are several parties affected by corporal punishment in schools whose points-of-view must be taken into consideration in this analysis. These points-of-view are:

Experts in the field

Teachers

Students

Parents

Authorities

The opinions of most of the experts in the field are divided. Some of them have concluded that corporal punishment is an old practice that has proved to be efficient in building solid, long-term discipline among students. However, there are many experts, psychologists in particular, that state that such type of disciplinary measures have long-term negative effects on students.

Teachers have similar opinions with those of the experts described above. Some of them approve and practice corporal punishment, others approve it but do not practice it, but…...

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Reference List

Randall, Dennis (2009). States with Corporal Punishment in School. Pearson Education, Inc. Retrieved February 25, 2009 at  http://school.familyeducation.com/classroom-discipline/resource/38377.html .

Corporal punishment (2009). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved February 25, 2009 at  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporal_punishment .

Ending legalized violence against children (2008). Global Report. Retrieved February 25, 2009 at  http://www.endcorporalpunishment.org/pages/pdfs/reports/GlobalReport2008.pdf .

Effective discipline for children (2009). Psychosocial Pediatrics Committee. Retrieved February 25, 2009 at  http://www.cps.ca/english/statements/pp/pp04-01.htm#Forms%20of%20discipline .

However, many of Gershoff's studies did control for these social, demographic, and psychological factors. Still, regarding its use in schools, where it is practiced it is justified by many supporters that "teachers may have overcrowded classrooms and lack resources such as counselors to assist with particularly disruptive students or classroom dynamics" and thus it is necessary (More than 200,000 kids spanked at school, 2008, CNN.com).
Little data exists upon issues of race and corporal punishment -- is corporal punishment in schools mainly administered by white administrators against black students? Against same-race administrations against same-race students? This dynamic could increase its pejorative institutional effects. Also, questions of race and religion, if certain races or religions are more apt to spank demands further analysis, although most 'pro-spanking' groups tend to be evangelical, southern, and Protestant in focus, reflecting the demographic composition, in short, of states where spanking is still tolerated in schools.…...

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Works Cited

Gregory, James F. (1995). The crime of punishment: Racial and gender disparities in the use of corporal punishment in U.S. public schools. The Journal of Negro Education.

Retrieved February 15, 2009 at  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3626/is_199510/ai_n8721467 

Is corporal punishment an effective means of discipline? (2002, June 26). American

Psychological Association (APA) Press Release. Retrieved February 15, 2009 at http://www.apa.org/releases/spanking.html

"
While the mildest form of spanking has not yet proved to be harmful according to the studies the results also indicate that spanking is not more effective than other forms of discipline that do not involve hitting a child (Harder, 2007).

There are several reasons that experts believe spanking should never be used as a form of punishment.

Spanking can and sometimes does escalate to become physical abuse which in turn can harm the child.

Studies in the past decade have shown that children who are spanked often display more behavior and emotional problems than children who are not spanked show.

In a 1997 study in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, for example, Straus and two colleagues found that 6- to 9-year-olds whose mothers spanked them at least weekly were more likely, two years later, to behave antisocially than were kids whose moms didn't spank (Harder, 2007)."

Conclusion

Over the past few decades the…...

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References

Harder, Ben (2007) Spanking: When parents lift their hands

It's better not to use corporal punishment, researchers agree. but, in fact, people do. Now we're learning the consequences. Special to the Times, Los Angeles Times,

Stewart, Allan, (2002) Issue of corporal punishment: re-examined. Journal of Instructional Psychology

Grogan-Kaylor, Andrew (2004) the effect of corporal punishment on antisocial behavior in children. Social Work Research

reason I had time was that it was summer and we don't have as much work in the summer.
In fact I urge you to double-check the salary numbers because even with a magnifying glass they were very hard to read.

In the future I would urge you to send full-sized pages of everything, or you may find that at the last time a model paper writer has discovered that he or she cannot read your fax and will have to cancel doing your model paper. A page shrunk to 50j% of its size has 25% of the legibility of full size, not 50%, and faxes degrade legibility also.

No one wants to do that, but I had to do it just last week because of a very poor quality fax. We do not write these papers in the same way most students do. That's the only reason we can afford to…...

Introduction
Corporal punishment has been a controversial topic throughout history, with strong arguments presented by both supporters and opponents of the practice. Corporal punishment is defined as the use of physical force intended to cause pain or discomfort in response to a perceived wrongdoing. This form of discipline has been used for centuries in various contexts, including schools, homes, and institutions.

Advocates of corporal punishment argue that it is an effective deterrent for inappropriate behavior, instills discipline, and teaches individuals the consequences of their actions. They believe that physical punishment is necessary to ensure obedience and respect for authority. Some also argue that corporal punishment can be quick and efficient, saving time and resources in the long run.

On the other hand, opponents of corporal punishment suggest that it is ineffective in promoting positive behavioral change and can lead to negative outcomes, such as increased aggression, resentment, and emotional trauma. They argue that…...

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References

Afifi, Tracie O., et al. “Physical Punishment and Mental Disorders: Results from a Nationally Representative US Sample.” Pediatrics, vol. 130, no. 2, 2012, pp. 184-192.

Durrant, Joan E. Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting. Save the Children Sweden, 2011.

Freeman, Michael. “Children\'s health and children\'s rights.” Pediatrics, vol. 121, no. 4, 2008, pp. 803-809.

Gershoff, Elizabeth T., and Andrew Grogan-Kaylor. “Spanking and Child Outcomes: Old Controversies and New Meta-Analyses.” Journal of Family Psychology, vol. 30, no. 4, 2016, pp. 453-469.

Corporal Punishment: A Comprehensive Overview

Corporal punishment, often referred to as physical punishment, is a contentious method of discipline that involves inflicting pain as a punitive measure to correct or control behavior. Although the use of corporal punishment has declined over the years, it remains a globally debated topic due to ethical, cultural, and psychological considerations (Gershoff, 2010).

Historical Perspectives

Historically, corporal punishment was a widely accepted and common practice used to discipline children in homes and schools. The underlying theory was that physical pain could deter children from repeating undesirable behaviors and instill an understanding of right and wrong (Dobbs, Smith & Taylor, 2006). In many societies, this attitude was encapsulated in the phrase 'spare the rod and spoil the child,' which was interpreted to suggest that failure to use physical discipline could lead to a child's moral decay.

Variety of Methods

The methods of corporal punishment vary and can include spanking, slapping, and…...

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References

Bitensky, S. (2006). The right to hit, spare the rod, spoil the child, and parental prerogative: Legal trends and challenges to corporal punishment. \"Youth Law News, 27(4), 13-25.

Berlin, L. J., Ispa, J. M., Fine, M. A., Malone, P. S., Brooks-Gunn, J., Brady-Smith, C., ... & Ayoub, C. (2009). Correlates and consequences of spanking and verbal punishment for low-income white, African American, and Mexican American toddlers. Child Development, 80(5), 1403-1420.

Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P. R. (2016). Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications. Guilford Publications.

Deater-Deckard, K., Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G. S. (2003). Physical discipline among African American and European American mothers: Links to children\'s externalizing behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 39(2), 228.

Effects Of Corporal Punishment and Psychological Treatment on Students Learning and BehaviorResearch QuestionWhat are the effects of corporal punishment and psychological treatment on students learning and behavior?Importance (why would other researchers be interested in the study?)Other researchers would be interested in the study because it offers vital information on the impact of corporal punishment on students performance. There is contention if we need to bring back punishment in schools to tame ill behavior. Therefore, using the results of this study, we can see that corporal punishment increases instead of reducing or correcting unhealthy behavior. Researchers interested in learning more about student behavior will find this study informative because they will understand why some students have good behaviors and perform exceptionally and others struggle. Using the study results, researchers can push for improvements in the education sector where more emphasis would be placed on psychological treatment over punishment.HypothesesH1: Corporal punishment corrects…...

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References

Arif, M. S., & Rafi, M. S. (2007). Effects of corporal punishment and psychological treatment on students learning and behaviour. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education.

We can explain the concept of what punishment is and how it could be tied to not drinking water, as well as explain how you could chart or graph results with a study group that was not drinking water and a control group that was consuming the recommended amount of water.   Unfortunately, you omitted some of the information we would need to write an answer specifically addressing the experiment you appear to be referencing.  

Title: The Evolution of Correctional Institutions: A Historical Perspective

Introduction:

Provide a brief overview of the history of corrections, highlighting significant eras and developments.
Discuss the changing philosophies and practices of punishment and rehabilitation.
Introduce the concept of the historical perspective and its relevance to understanding contemporary corrections.

Body:

1. The Early Days: Retribution and Punishment:

Explore the historical roots of retribution and punishment as dominant themes in corrections.
Examine the use of corporal punishment, solitary confinement, and other harsh methods.
Discuss the impact of these practices on inmates and the overall effectiveness of corrections.

2. The Rise of Rehabilitation and Reform:

Trace the....

Corporal punishment, or physical punishment, is often debated in terms of its effectiveness in disciplining and modifying behavior. While some may argue that it can be an effective method of teaching consequences and boundaries, research has shown that corporal punishment may actually have negative long-term effects on a child's behavior and development.

Studies have found that corporal punishment can lead to increased aggression, defiance, and antisocial behavior in children. It can also have negative effects on a child's mental health, contributing to issues like depression and anxiety. Additionally, using physical punishment as a form of discipline can damage the parent-child relationship....

Corporal Punishment: Effectiveness and Drawbacks in Discipline and Behavior Modification

Corporal punishment, the deliberate infliction of physical pain as a disciplinary measure, has been a controversial topic in child-rearing and education systems for centuries. While it was widely practiced in the past, its use has declined significantly in recent decades due to growing awareness of its harmful effects and the availability of more effective alternatives.

Effectiveness in Discipline and Behavior Modification

Research on the effectiveness of corporal punishment in discipline and behavior modification is inconclusive. Some studies have shown that it can temporarily reduce the frequency of certain misbehaviors in children. However, these....