college course and the outcomes that result for students in these courses. In addition, describe a situation in which you found yourself falling into this style of learning.
The typical design of most college courses is a top-down, or hierarchical style of learning. The teacher imparts knowledge to the student via lectures, assignments, and exams. The student is responsible for studying the material and is viewed as the passive recipient of knowledge. Knowledge acquisition takes place by fulfilling assignments, which demand memorization; research about an assigned or agreed-upon topic; and directed class participation. There is little input by the student in this mode of learning. In almost all of my classes (but particularly my large, lecture-based classes), I have found myself falling into this mode of approaching a subject. When a teacher is more willing to be guided by student ideas and input, students are more enthusiastic and engaged with…...
mlaReferences
Why study history? (2014). The University of Wisconsin. Retrieved from:
Education on managing or eliminating debt early in one's professional life should also be combined with realistic education on the state of the economy and the impact which this has levied on personal opportunities for financial comfort. To this point, individuals are not finding the jobs for which their education has qualified them, are not achieving a pay commensurate to what they anticipate are their living requirements and are unable to afford many of the fundamental instruments to healthy and intelligent living. Indeed, one source denotes that "in 2007, the Census Bureau estimated that there were nearly 8 million uninsured young adults (ages 18-24), making them the largest segment of the uninsured population. That problem is likely to be compounded with the rise in unemployment and lack of new jobs resulting from the current economic recession." (E-Health Insurance, 1)
Because such matters should be considered a significant priority, the budgetary focus…...
mlaWorks Cited:
Doyle, J. (2008). Credit Nightmares. NPC. Online at http://www.npc.org.uk/media/newsfromprospectsarchive/creditnightmares
E-Health Insurance. (2009). Seven Tips for College Graduates Seeking Health Insurance. Young Money.
Hilpern, K. (2006). Student debt: are you on top of what you owe? The Independent. Online at http://www.independent.co.uk/student/postgraduate/student-debt-are-you-on-top-of-what-you-owe-475696.html
Lazarony, L. (2008). 12 money-management tips for college students. Bankrate.com.
Part 2
Universities and colleges have been described as 'loosely coupled systems...'
"What does this mean to you based on the readings?" loosely coupled system is one that only occasionally works, and sometimes produces unpredictable results. Given the disparate goals and social elements of the modern university, a university is clearly such a loosely coupled system. Students come wanting a degree to get a good job and may have to take liberal arts courses they dislike, professors who want to research must teach students with little interest in deeper, critical thinking about life, the university community is diverse and brings together teachers, students, and administrators with different backgrounds and views of the purpose of life and education -- and sometimes students, faculty, and administrators use their position for social change, other times college is simply a place to 'fill time.'
Student organizations, social and extracurricular, may have different interests than administrators and academic…...
Even today, the image of the over-sexualized college girl persists, in images of girls on 'spring break' who have 'gone wild,' to cheerleaders. Also, although they have dimmed so much, the question as to how to balance work and family life remains for women in a way that it does not for men, harkening back to the idea that women, unlike men, must choose between being either bodies or brains.
The anxieties about female education in recent decades have also become exacerbated by the increasing percentages of women in relation to men on campuses all across the nation. As women make up a disproportionate amount of college graduates, women and men have voiced the concern that men will begin to feel inadequate, and that boys cannot cope with the feminized atmosphere of the classroom. While before it was feared that women could not cope with 'male' subjects like mathematics and…...
And it is to this end that the university is so distinct in the way that it provides a community which is most hospitable to intellectual and emotional growth.
Difficulty of Harmonization:
Downey (2000) points to a modern vagary of our persistent state of global recession in making the case that it is difficult to find harmony between the stated goals of his trinity. Indeed, though this reflects a certain ideal for university functionality, it contrasts the reality in many contexts. riting on Canada's higher education system, which has been largely subsidized by government funding on an historical basis, Downey (2000) indicates that that more privately run university system in America is becoming a model to public officials. This, Downey (2000) demonstrates, is to the detriment of the university's capacity to reflect the modalities of his trinity in harmony. As he remarks, the Canadian government is finding itself increasingly hobbled by…...
mlaWorks Cited:
Downey, J. (2000). Balancing Corporation, Collegium, and Community. Innovative Higher Education.
Dual enrolment has become a popular phenomenon in the education realm in the last one decade. Community colleges are increasingly collaborating with high schools to enable high school students undertake college-level courses while still in high school. This prepares high school students for the realities of college education and socialises them into the norms, attitudes, behaviours, and expectations of college life, in addition to reducing the time and cost of college education. However, challenges such as difficulties in credit transfer, little or no confidence in dual credit courses on the part of colleges and faculty members, lack of a strong policy framework, and ensuring equitable participation abound. These are concerns that college administrators must handle if dual enrolment is to be more successful. It is particularly important for the leaders of community colleges to adjust structures, processes, and practices at their institutions if the fairly new collaboration between secondary and…...
Price -- The community college's evening program should market its product to the target audience by giving discounts to recently laid-off workers and to those whose return to formal education is necessitated by circumstances attributable to the current economic recession.
Place -- The community college's evening program should include distance-learning (or virtual learning) opportunities in addition to traditional, on-
site classroom formats. In addition to lowering overhead costs whose savings can be passed along to customers within the framework of the Price elements, they also increase the flexibility of the programs to allow more potential customers to fit education into their busy lives.
Promotion -- The community college's evening program should be promoted most aggressively through online media, especially those linked to Internet job-search websites. That is because the Internet is fast becoming the primary way that people look for jobs.
C) What environmental factors (uncontrollable variables) must the college in part A consider…...
Community Colleges in America
In 1983 and 1984, a dozen major reports on the United States' schools were published. All stressed the need for "excellence" in education. These reports are the subject of: Excellence in Education: Perspectives on Policy and Practice. The reports pertaining to higher education were published by The BusinessHigher Education Forum, and saw higher education as "unable to train skilled managers and technicians that they believed industry needed." (Altbach 32) These reports essentially claim that student achievement has declined at technical schools because schools "do not demand enough of their students, do not apply stiff criteria for promotion, do not test students enough, and particularly in high school, provide students with too many choices about what subjects they study." (Altbach 32) These reports are somewhat dated in that they compare American students with Japanese students and focus on technical proficiency vs. The intuitive grasp of problems and methodologies…...
mlaWorks Cited
Altbach, Philip G., Gail P. Kelly, and Lois Weis, eds. Excellence in Education: Perspectives on Policy and Practice. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1985.
Baker, George A., Judy Dudziak, and Peggy Tyler, eds. A Handbook on the Community College in America: Its History, Mission, and Management. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994.
Diaz, David P., and Ryan B. Cartnal. "Students' Learning Styles in Two Classes Online Distance Learning and Equivalent On-Campus." College Teaching 47.4 (1999): 130-135.
Miller, Richard I., Charles Finley, and Candace Shedd Vancko. Evaluating, Improving, and Judging Faculty Performance in Two-Year Colleges. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey, 2000.
"Attending a college with a 100 point higher average SAT is associated with 3to 7% higher earnings later in life." (e.g., Kane, 1998, cited by Dale, and Krueger 1999, 1) as higher education constitutes up 40% of total U.S. educational expenditures, understanding "the impact of selective colleges on students' labor market outcomes is central for understanding the role of human capital," Dale, and Krueger (1999, 1) stress.
Previous literature cited by Dale, and Krueger (1999, 1) includes work by "Hunt (1963), Solnion (1973), ales (1973), Solmon and achtel (1975), and ise (1975),...Brewer and Ehrenberg (1996), Behrman et al. (1996), Daniel (1997), Kane (1998), and others." c. BACKGROUND:
To remove the effect of unobserved characteristics that influence college admission, this study considers information on the set of colleges where students were accepted and rejected.
A difficulty interpreting past estimates a many estimates of the effect of college quality on students' subsequent earnings.
d. EVIDENCE:
In…...
mlaWorks Cited
Black, Dan a. And Smith, Jeffrey June. 2003. "How Robust is the Evidence on the Effects of College Quality? Evidence from Matching?" http://www.ssc.uwo.ca/economics/centres/cibc/ .
Brewer, Dominic J., Eide, Eric R., and Ehrenberg, Ronald G. Does it Pay to Attend an Elite Private College? Cross-Cohort Evidence on the Effects of College Type on Earnings the Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 34, No. 1. (Winter, 1999), pp. 104-123. O%3B2-F.http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022166X%28199924%2934%3A1%3C104%3ADIPTA%3E2.0 .
Cohn, Elchanan, Cohn, Sharon, Balch, Donald C., and Bradley, James Jr. 2004. Determinants of undergraduate GPAs: SAT scores, high-school GPA and high-school rank. Department of Economics, Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC.
Dale, Stacy Berg and Krueger, Alan B. (1999). Estimating the Payoff to Attending a More Selective College: An Application of Selection on Observables and un-observables.
attaining a college education and degree, I do not think that I was identified as a college-bound person in High School. I know this statement sounds like a contradiction, but hopefully the explanation that follows will succeed in clearing up any ambiguity.
o start with, I think it is important to understand that my high school persona was pretty much that of the typical, all-round, average American teenage girl. As such, I dressed according to the fashion statements of that time and hung out with the crowd I personally felt comfortable with. When I reflect back on my High School days, I believe that perhaps the image that I projected affected my identification as a college-bound person. I am consciously saying this because I am well aware of the prevalence of some rather unfortunate stereotypical profiling. For instance, it was, and perhaps still is, commonly perceived that the career goal…...
mlaThus, I ended up joining a community college that was close to home, right after I graduated from High School. This was in the year 1989. Post obtaining my Associate in Science degree, however, I transferred to California State University, Long Beach and thereafter to California State University, Los Angeles.
My goals remained steadfast right through my years in community college. Indeed, this is highly evident by the fact that I went on to work in the field of Electronics for ten years. In fact, my career goals underwent a change only recently for two very good reasons. The first impetus for a change in direction was caused by an increasing realization that I just could not keep up with the pace of change in technology. The second reason was a growing personal interest in working with children, which I felt was perhaps my true calling in life.
Obviously, it was the second reason that played a far larger role in bringing about a change in my career goals. And, believe me, it was not an easy call to make by any stretch of the imagination! For, it involved taking a decision to give up a long established career and literally make a fresh start. But my desire to build a future career in counseling children was strong enough to do so, leading to my going back to college to obtain a Bachelor's degree in Human Services.
Minority Transfers to Four-Year Universities
In California today, over 70% of public school students and 50% of those in community colleges are black and Hispanic and the entire education system suffered greatly because of budget shortfalls in the last three years. Community colleges have an open admissions policy, unlike four-year universities, but also have a high drop-out rate for poor and minority students. According to the UCLA Civil Rights Project, in California, over 70% of minority students in community colleges failed to transfer to four-year universities in six years (Tlatenchi 2012). Most of these students are also low income and from schools that perform poorly at preparing students for university level work, and the education cutbacks have affected them the most, limiting their access to higher education even further. Old affirmative action policies always had the reputation of admitted unqualified students to universities, but new federal rules that still permit race…...
mlaWORKS CITED
Tlatenchi, Fredy. "UCLA's Civil Rights Project Reports how Minorities can Transfer to Four-year Universities Quicker." Daily Sundial, March 7th, 2012.
Wong, Linda. "Rule Changes That Could Boost Minority College-Going," January 15, 2012. Think USC.
http://think.usc.edu/2012/01/15/rule-changes-that-could-boost-minority-college-going/
Interaction between SES and College Performance
wick, R. & Himelfarb, I. (2011). The effect of high school socioeconomic status on the predictive validity of SAT scores and high school grade-point average. Journal of Educational Measurement, 48(2), 101-121.
African-American (AA) and Latino students underperform other racial groups during their first year of college if SAT scores are used in the prediction formula. The reasons for this are unknown, although socioeconomic status (SES) is suspected.
The current study was undertaken to evaluate whether an SES index could improve the predictive performance of a formula incorporating high school grade-point averages (HSGPAs) and SAT scores.
Objectives
Evaluate the value of including a SES correction factor in the formula used for predicting first-year college grade-point average (FGPA) performance, for the purpose of correcting for errors introduced by the suspected racially-insensitive HSGPAs. The predictive value of the SAT score in relation to SES will also be evaluated. The overall goal is…...
mlaZwick, R., & Green, J.G. (2007). New perspectives on the correlation of SAT scores, high school grades, and socioeconomic factors. Journal of Educational Measurement, 44, 23 -- 45.
Zwick, R., & Himelfarb, I. (2009, April). The effect of high school quality on the predictive validity of SAT scores and high school grade-point average. Presented by I. Himelfarb at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego.
Zwick, R., & Schlemer, L. (2004). SAT validity for linguistic minorities at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 25(2), 6 -- 16.
Each semester the prison system has about six inmates obtain college degrees and their average income after leaving prison is more than $30,000 each in whatever field they enter.
The program has saved Utah taxpayers more than $1.5 million in what it would have cost to continue to house inmates and to receive them back had they returned to prison.
When inmates take courses or obtain a degree from USU, the rate of recidivism becomes less than 1%. Lowering this rate is the base of the whole program (Gray, 2001)."
Those who are against the program believe it is wrong to reward a criminal by paying for an education that many law abiding citizens are unable to afford. In their argument the prisoners should not be allowed to attend classes while in prison at the cost to the taxpayer. They believe the inmates should work in prison and repay their debt to society…...
mlaReferences
Klug, Elizabeth a (2002) According to a Department of Education study, inmates who receive vocational training or take high school- or college-level classes are far less likely to return to prison within three years of their release.(Brief Article) Corrections Compendium
Gray, Kari (2001) Utah State U. distance learning provides education for inmates
OBUST SATISFICING ON COLLEGE STUDENTS DECISION-MAKING 1Effect of obust Satisficing on Students Selecting Colleges during PandemicIntroductionCovid19 was first detected in Wuhan China in late 2020, leading to the declaration of a pandemic whose effects are likely to be felt for years to come (Appleby et al., 2022). The disease presents with mild to moderate respiratory disease symptoms including difficulty breathing, lingering chest pain, and a stubborn cough that starts within two weeks of getting infected. To prevent the virus from spreading, nations put in place measures such as the use of face coverings, regular hand washing, rubbing of hands using an alcohol-based sanitizer, and maintaining physical distance from others (Appleby et al., 2022). The measures imposed, coupled with the virus direct impact, profoundly affected well-being and daily life, increasing anxiety levels, and reducing access to leisure and other forms of socialization (Appleby et al., 2022).As part of physical distancing requirements,…...
mlaReferences Appleby, J., King, N., Saunders, K. E., …& Duffy, A. C. (2022). Impact of the Coviud19 Pandemic on the Expreince and Mental Health of University Students Studying in Canada and the UK: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMJ Open, 12, Doi: C., & Blagg, K. (2021). Who is Taking the New Student Loans during the Pandemic? Urban Institute. Retrieved from https://www.urban.org/urban-wire/who-taking-new-student-loans-during-pandemic Intelligent.com (2021). After-Pandemic, Recent Events, Incoming College Freshmen Pursuing New Areas of Study. Intelligent.Com. Retrieved from https://www.intelligent.com/after-pandemic-recent-events-incoming-college-freshmen-pursuing-new-areas-of-study/ Kim, H., Krishnan, C., Law, J., & Rounsaville, T. (2020). Covid19 and the US Higher Education Enrolment: Preparing Leaders for Fall. McKinsey & Company. Social Sector Practice Report. Porto, N., Cho, S., & Gutter, M. (2021). Student Loan Decision-Making: Experience as an Anchor. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 42(1), 773-84. Schwartz, B., Ben-Haim, Y., & Dasco, C. (2010). What Makes a Good Decision? Robust Satisficing as a Normative Standard of Rational Decision-Making. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 41(2), 209-227. Wills, C. E., & Williams, C. S. (2022). Migration of American College Students. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 21(7), 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050187 Chien,
Community Colleges & Universities -- Comparisons
hat are the major differences between community colleges and four-year colleges and universities as far as financial and academic appropriateness for students? For millions of Americans, community colleges have an enormous advantage over four-year colleges and universities -- but what are those advantages? This paper will examine those and other issues relating to the community college vs. A four-year college / university.
Community Colleges and Universities - Comparisons
There are an estimated 2,604 four-year colleges and universities in the United States, according to data in U.S. News & orld Report. There are an estimated 1,151 community colleges in the U.S. As well. Of those, about 1,000 are public community colleges, and the remainder are funded through private channels (American Community Colleges).
The original intent of a community college (in the past they were called "junior colleges" but that title had a slightly un-dignified sound to it so it…...
mlaWorks Cited
American Community Colleges. "Consider a Community College When Studying in the United
States." Retrieved October 10, 2011, from http://www.americancommunitycolleges.com .
2008.
de Vise, Daniel. "More university students taking advantage of cheaper community college courses." The Washington Post. Retrieved October 10, 2011, from http://www.washingtonpost.com .
When I think about what I have learned in my professional skills course, I think of those things that my parents would have called “soft skills.” To me, they are the factors that make the difference between someone looking good on a resume and someone doing well in an interview and on the job. They include several factors that relate to how well a person can work in a team, as well as factors that demonstrate someone’s ability to manage time.
Time management is probably the most important skill I have learned from this course. I never had....
1. Encourage students to take advanced courses in high school, such as Advanced Placement (AP) classes, Dual Enrollment courses, or International Baccalaureate (IB) programs, to challenge themselves and prepare for the rigor of college coursework.
2. Provide academic support services, such as tutoring, academic advising, study skills workshops, and time management resources, to help students develop the necessary skills for success in higher education.
3. Offer college readiness programs that focus on preparing students for standardized tests, such as the SAT or ACT, as well as assisting with the college application process.
4. Encourage students to engage in extracurricular activities and volunteer work,....
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