27).
The proficient nurses perceive situations as wholes rather than in terms of distinct aspects, and performance is determined by maxims. Perceive or perception is the main word: The perspective is not thought out but presents itself based on experience and earlier events. Proficient nurses understand a situation because they perceive its meaning in regard to long-term goals. Because of their experience, proficient nurses can recognize when the expected normal picture does not materialize, which can considerably improve decision making (Benner, 1984, p. 27-29.)

Lastly, the expert performers do not have to count on an analytic principle, such as a rule, guideline or maxim, to connect their understanding of a situation to an appropriate action. Because of their strong background with an intuitive grasp of situations, they can zero in on the accurate region of the problem without trying unfruitful alternative solutions.

Benner's model of skill acquisition is based on one earlier…...

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Communicability: It is almost impossible for intuitive models to communicate something that is intangible and which the practitioner is unable to express. Given that Benner's model relies on experimental knowledge as the basis of "knowing" as opposed to the science of communicable research, it is difficult to think of a situation where nursing's knowledge base becomes a shared resource open equally to all practitioners.

Similarly, systematic-rational models may promote communicability, but the process itself may not be that relevant if it does not fit with reality of clinical practice (Thompson, 1999, p.1225).

Simplification: If the information processing model does not capture all variables in decision making and clinical diagnosis, and also communicating this incomplete picture to other practitioners in the form of scientific evidence, then nursing's knowledge base will continue to develop in an ad hoc manner with major holes in the complete picture. The intuitive model at least permits the complexity of decisions akin to healthcare provision and sees that health is more than the sum of its parts. Also,

clinical nursing professionals require self knowledge as well as expertise in order to be successful in their field using Patricia Benner's book as a background. It has one source.
Clinical professions today require experts. In a clinical setting both nurses and doctor are equipped with information which will validate their presence for patient care. A critical understanding of the processes of diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of the patient is imperative as they are responsible for the patient care outcomes. Nurses today are playing a critical role as intermediaries, more knowledgeable than an attendant but with less expertise than the physicians themselves. Nursing is no longer a comparatively inferior career but a highly sophisticated field requiring clinical expert skills to carry out patient care duties. They are responsible for making on the spot decisions; act as coaches for aspiring nurses; specialize in certain areas such as rehabilitation, injuries, administrative nurses etc.…...

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Reference

Benner, PE (1984). From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Clinical Nursing Practice. Menlo Park, Calif: Addison Wesley Publishing Co, Inc.

University Doctor of Nursing Practice Program?
The Doctor of Nursing Practice is a unique degree in that it prepares nurses with the research skills to work more effectively in clinical settings. Unlike a purely academic degree, it is designed to prepare nurses to become leaders in the field, rather than work primarily in a university. But it still demands a rigorous understanding of evidence-based practice. The DNP reflects the fact that research can be critical in improving the quality of medicine while still ensuring that the research has a practical focus and can be used in a meaningful way to better the lives of patients and providers alike.

The increased complexity of healthcare regulation, the sophistication of medical technology, and the growing diversity of the patient population all reflect the need for leaders in the nursing field to pursue advanced degrees. To have the necessary background to act as an advocate…...

Since modern medicine can sustain patients with proper medical follow-up for years, it becomes incumbent on the profession to follow the patients and provide them with the knowledge and tracking to insure that they are observing the procedures and medications which prolong their quality of life. Given hospitals' short-term orientation with the patients, there is a need to bridge patient care before, during and after acute-care visits.

While there are some nursing specialties which can be regarded as solely hospital- or community-based, many of the specialties call for a more holistic notion of patient care. y combining the CNS and NP specialties, this profession has a better chance of assuring better patient outcomes, and a better quality of life for the patient.

ibliography

ennett, .J. (1998). Psychiatric mental health nursing: thriving in a changing environment through outcomes-based measurements. Semin. Nurse Manage., 144-148.

erger, a.M.-F. (1996). Advanced practice roles for nurses in tomorrow's healthcare systems.…...

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Bibliography

Bennett, B.J. (1998). Psychiatric mental health nursing: thriving in a changing environment through outcomes-based measurements. Semin. Nurse Manage., 144-148.

Berger, a.M.-F. (1996). Advanced practice roles for nurses in tomorrow's healthcare systems. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 250-255.

Chaska, N.L. (2001). The Nursing Profession Tomorrow and Beyond. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Cukr, P.L. (1997). The psychiatric clinical nurse specialist/nurse practitioner: an example of a combined role. Arch Psychiatr Nurs, 2-12.

Clinical nurse leader (CNL) is a relatively new designation in the nursing profession. It is designed to take nurses that are already highly skilled and help them focus on safety and quality outcomes for their patient populations (American, 2013). In order to be a CNL, one must be a registered nurse and have a Master's Degree in the Science of Nursing (American, 2013). Additionally, the nurse must complete advanced coursework. This includes classes in pharmacology, pathophysiology, and clinical assessment (American, 2013). Those who work as CNLs have a very important job in that they oversee the coordination of patient care, develop strategies to improve quality, and assess any health risks that have to be dealt with (Institute, 2000). They also must focus on communication among their nursing team and solutions to problems that are evidence-based and created for their particular unit (Institute, 2001). To become certified as a CNL, one…...

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References

American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2013) Competencies and curricular expectations for clinical nurse leader education and practice. White Paper.

Institute of Medicine. (2000). To err is human: Building a safer health system. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Institute of Medicine. (2001). Crossing the quality chasm. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Institute of Medicine. (2003). Health professions education: A bridge to quality. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) and the Council on Graduate Education for Administration in Nursing (AACN, 1996; Dienemann & Aroian, 1995) operationally define the professional nurse as one who has been prepared with a minimum of a baccalaureate or higher degree in nursing. (Feldman & Greenberg, 2005, p. 219)
These were necessary requirement in the 90's. Now in an ever increasing age of need for more highly educated professional, the Clinical Nurse Leader armed with a Master's degree or better, is more adapted to handle a wide range of situations and create a fulcrum from which to balance all the staff in a given unit.

Literature eview

Clinical Nurse Leader

Kennedy, M.S.. (2004) Introducing the Clinical Nurse Leader. American Journal of Nursing, 104 (10), 22.

This article is a report regarding the decisions calling for a new role for nurses. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), held an extraordinary…...

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References

Dalton, B., & Wright, L. (1999). Using Community Input for the Curriculum Review Process. Journal of Social Work Education, 35(2), 275.

Feldman, H.R. & Greenberg, M.J. (Eds.). (2005). Educating Nurses for Leadership. New York: Springer.

Kennedy, M.S.. (2004) Introducing the Clinical Nurse Leader. American Journal of Nursing, 104 (10), 22.

Knorr, R.S., Condon, S.K., Dwyer, F.M., & Hoffman, D.F. (2004). Tracking Pediatric Asthma: The Massachusetts Experience Using School Health Records. Environmental Health Perspectives, 112(14), 1424-1439.

Practice-Specific Concepts
The nursing practice is a profession that is based on conceptual and theoretical models that help in guiding patient safety and quality initiatives. The use of conceptual and theoretical models is an important part in nursing practice that is applied across the various disciplines in this profession. As a clinical nurse specialist, nursing conceptual and theoretical models play a crucial role in achieving the specific goal of identifying, recognizing, treating, and monitoring illnesses or diseases. The process of using nursing conceptual and theoretical models involves developing practice-specific concepts relating to the specific professional practice and creating a personal philosophy and practice guideline. The practice-specific concepts should incorporate the four basic metaparadigms of nursing theory and be supported by research and concepts.

Overview of My Professional Practice and Four Metaparadigms

A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse professional or practitioner who provides a crucial link with regards to detecting, identifying, treating,…...

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References

"Cultural Diversity in Nursing Practice." (n.d.). American Nurses Association. Retrieved April

18, 2015, from  http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/Policy-Advocacy/Positions-and-Resolutions/ANAPositionStatements/Position-Statements-Alphabetically/prtetcldv14444.html 

Lyon, B.L. & Davidson, S.B. (2004). Statement on Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice and Education. Retrieved April 18, 2015, from http://www.nacns.org/docs/NACNS-Statement.pdf

Masters, K. (2014). Framework for Professional Nursing Practice. In Role development in professional nursing practice (3rd ed., Chapter 2, pp.47-87). Retrieved from  http://samples.jbpub.com/9781449691509/81982_CH02_Pass1.pdf

Concisely, Comfort results when an individual keeps of negative or unhealthy living and sticks to positive and healthy living. Comfort has been associated with positive institutional outcomes that include patient satisfaction. The outcome of Comfort is therefore one of the most important indicator of measuring success in nursing practice particularly for patients and families going through some tough or stressful healthcare conditions.

Benefits of the Comfort theory to the Clinical Nurses of the 21st Century

Comfort theory is an important theory that is applicable to the 21st Century clinical practice because of its many inherent benefits or advantages. This theory defines the working environment for healthcare practitioners while at the same time it charts the direction for improving the services offered by the clinical nurses. The universality of the language and concepts used in presenting the theory also promotes its wide acceptance. The simplicity of the tenets of the Comfort theory ensures…...

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References

Kolcaba, K. (2003) Comfort Theory and Practice: A Vision for Holistic Health Care and Kolcaba, K.Y. (1994). A theory of holistic Comfort for nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 19(6), 1178-1184.

Kolcaba, K., & DiMarco, M.A. (2005). Comfort Theory and its application to pediatric nursing. Pediatric Nursing. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, Inc.

Magyrary, D. (2002) Positive mental health: a turn of the century perspective. Issues of Mental Health Nursing, 23, 331-349

Malinowski, a., & Stamler, L.L. (2002). Comfort: exploration of the concept in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 39(6), 599-606.

According to the AACN's report, "Nurse Practitioner Primary Care Competencies in Specialty Areas: Adult, Family, Gerontological, Pediatric, and Women's Health" (2002), "Competencies are the domain or body of knowledge and skills that essentially define a profession or discipline. This domain of competencies guides training programs, provides expectations for employers, and drives the nature of assessment instruments and performance standards for credentialing institutions, certifying agencies, and accrediting organizations" (p. 14).
The core competencies for nurse practitioner graduates are intended to help candidates used what they have already learned and require a graduate-level education in order to attain certification as an APN and the AACN has developed this graduate curriculum as the basis for advanced practice nursing. As described by AACN, advanced practice nursing preparation includes ". . . graduate nursing core content (e.g., research, health policy, ethics, and more) and advanced nursing practice content (e.g., advanced health assessment, advanced physiology and…...

Nursing
Bar code medication administration (BCMA) is one of the keys to minimizing medical errors in a manner consistent with evidence-based practice (Poon et al., 2010). However, universal embrace and utilization of BCMA remains stagnant. easons for resisting the transition to BCMA include nurse perceptions. Holden, Brown, Scanlon, & Tzion-Karsh (2012), for instance, found nurses reporting low perceived usefulness of BCMA in spite of the wealth of evidence supporting the technology. Perceived ease of use of BCMA was moderate, suggesting that it is mainly attitude factors preventing nurses from implementing BCMA in their institutions. When perceptions of the usefulness of BCMA increase, then compliance with BCMA standards can become more widespread. Any program that attempts to increase the utilization of BCMA must focus first on human factors including attitudes. This requires that all nurse leaders, as well as nurse educators, prepare advance practice nurses for using BCMA as a matter of…...

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References

Duffield, C.M., Roche, M.A., Blay, N., & Stasa, H. (2011). Nursing unit managers, staff retention and the work environment. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20(1-2), 23-33.

Roberts, B.R. (2013). Doctor of nursing practice: Integrating theory, research, and evidence-based practice. Clinical Scholars Review, 6(1), 4-8. doi:  http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1939-2095.6.1.4

Nurse-Patient Relations
The main focus of this essay is going to concern the nurse-patient relationship idea, and why it is important. This was chosen because the researcher desired to achieve a better accepting of how a helpful nurse-patient relationship can be advanced and even from different theorists who have discovered this idea. In this essay, the researcher sets out to demonstrate what they have learnt regarding the nurse-patient relation concept and how this connection can utilized in the clinical practice setting. T The nurse patient connection, according to a study done by Press Gamey Associates Inc., creates the quality of the care experience and generates an influential influence on patient gratification. Nurses will a lot of their time with patients. Patients see nurses' relations with people among the care team and make their own conclusions about the hospital founded on what they are observing. Furthermore, nurses' approaches toward their vocation, those…...

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Works Cited

Berdes, C. & . (2001). Race relations and caregiving relationships: A qualitative examination of perspectives from residents and nurses aides in three nursing homes. Research on Aging, 23(1), 109-126.

Biering, P. (2002). Caring for the involuntarily hospitalized adolescent: The issue of power in the nurse-patient relationship. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 16(2), 65-74.

Heijkenskjold, K.B. (2010). The patients dignity from the nurses perspective. Nursing Ethics, 6(3), 313-24.

LaSala, C.A.-B. (2007). The role of the clinical nurse specialist in promoting evidence-based practice and effecting positive patient outcomes. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 38(6), 262-70.

Nursing
There are several pros and cons to requiring a nurse to have a BSN to enter nursing practice. The most obvious advantage is that it would standardize practice and ensure excellence. Today, healthcare has been under the spotlight for potential pitfalls and difficulties in areas of care and excellence. If nurses have the same or similar qualifications before entering practice, there is less potential for error (Santina, 2012).

Furthermore, the course requires three years of not only theory, but also of hands-on practice, both in the classroom and in real-time environments such as clinics and hospitals. There are few teaching methods that offer as much in terms of personal and educational development as practical experience. This is particularly true of nursing and other healthcare practice arenas. Hence, more years of hands-on experience is a major advantage of requiring this kind of qualification before allowing nurses to enter practice (Santina, 2012). Indeed,…...

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References

Miller, C.D. (2007). A Comparison of Skill Perofrmance of the and BSN Prepared Nurse at Three and Four-Year Post-Graduate Level. Retrieved from: http://gradworks.umi.com/1446281.pdf

MomMD (2012). How to become an advanced practice nurse. Retrieved from:  http://www.mommd.com/advanced-practice-nursing.shtml 

Orsolini-Hain, L. (2008). What's all the Fuss? Working Towards a Baccalaureate or Graduate Degree in Nursing. NSNA. Retrieved from:  http://www.nsna.org/careercenter/fuss.aspx 

Santina, J. (2012). The BSN: A Higher Degree of Nursing Care. Health Care Career. Retrieved from:  http://www.worldwidelearn.com/healthcare/healthcare/the-bsn-a-higher-degree-of-nursing-care.php

Nurse's ole As esearcher
The nurse plays a unique role as a researcher. This involves them focusing on the latest treatment options, how they affect patients and the best times specific techniques should be utilized. Moreover, they must understand the numerous side effects of different therapies and how this will affect the patients they are working with. These areas help them to serve as confidant in comprehending how and when to apply certain procedures. (Allan, 2005)

At the same time, the nurse will understand the psychology, customs, behavior and biological factors which are contributing to a host of conditions. This enables them to comprehend the challenges patients are going through and the lasting impact this is having on them. When this happens, they can reduce suffering and improve their ability to cope with the issues they are facing. These insights will help patients to make a full recovery with reduced chances for…...

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References

Allan, J. (2004). Clinical prevention and population health. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 27(5), 470-481.

Allan, J. (2005). Clinical prevention and population health curriculum framework: The nursing perspective.

Allen, D. (2002). The Changing Shape of Nursing Practice. New York, NY: Routledge.

American Academy of Nurses. (2009). Nurses transforming health care using genetics and Genomics. Washington, DC: Author.

The National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists - The NACNS was founded in 1995, specifically to enhance and promote the unique and high-value contributions that clinical nurses make to the health and well-being of individuals, families, groups, and communities in their particular branch of healthcare. They also have a foundation, scholarship programs, a journal and discussion portal, various levels of conferences, scholarship programs, honors and awards, and the ability for advanced certification. A Clinical Nurse Specialist is a licensed N who has graduate preparation (MA or PhD) in nursing specifically as a Clinical Nurse Specialist. This field of healthcare goes beyond the duties of an LPN or N, or even charge nurse, and deals with either advanced levels of clinical specialization, or broader, community and national health concerns. The field requires a rather significant academic bent, and the association is designed to support and enhance that paradigm focus (CNS -…...

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REFERENCES

About ENA. (2010, January). Retrieved October 2010, from Emergency Nurses Association:  http://www.ena.org/about/Pages/Default.aspx 

About the ACNM. (2010, February). Retrieved from American College of Nurse-Midwives: http://www.midwife.org/members.cfm

CNS - Who We Are and What We Do. (2010, January). Retrieved October 2010, from National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists: http://www.nacns.org/AboutNACNS/MissionStatement/tabid/57/Default.aspx

Kozier, B., Erb, G. & Blais, K. (1997), Professional nursing practice (3rd edition),

Nursing Administration -- Controlling
Nursing Admin-Controlling

Situation analysis

The FOCUS model requires the nursing administrator to find out what the main problem is, obtain information about this problem, communicate effectively with the nurses and patient, understand the needs of the nurses and the patient, and finally summarize these findings for the patient and nurses Dlugacz, 2009.

In this scenario, the process to be improved is responsiveness and willingness of the nurses to help the patient's situation.

Using the FOCUS model, the nursing leader should identify and clearly define the problem. To do this, they must recognize the role of the patient and the nurses in the situation and prioritize the potential improvements in the process Kreitner, 2008.

They also need to draft this problem statement in a clear way. The problem statement for this scenario is that the nurses feel inadequate in responding to the situation where the patient needs complex psychological, medical and social care.…...

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References

Dlugacz, Y.D. (2009). Value-Based Health Care: Linking Finance and Quality. New York: Wiley.

Kleespies, P.M., & Association, A.P. (2009). Behavioral Emergencies: An Evidence-Based Resource for Evaluating and Managing Risk of Suicide, Violence, and Victimization. Washington, D.C., DC: American Psychological Association.

Kreitner, R. (2008). Management. Mason, OH: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Zun, L.S., Chepenik, L.G., & Mallory, M.N.S. (2013). Behavioral Emergencies for the Emergency Physician. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.

Part 1: Introduction

Importance of Nursing in the Healthcare System
Overview of the Nursing Profession
Different Types of Nursing Careers
Personal Motivations for Pursuing Nursing

Part 2: Educational Pathway

Types of Nursing Degrees: Associate's, Bachelor's, Master's, Doctorate
Accreditation and Educational Standards
Prerequisites and Admission Requirements
Nursing Program Curriculum and Clinical Experience

Part 3: Skills and Competencies

Foundational Knowledge in Anatomy, Physiology, and Nursing Theory
Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Abilities
Interpersonal and Communication Skills
Technical Skills in Medication Administration, Wound Care, and Monitoring
Ability to Work Effectively in Interdisciplinary Teams

Part 4: Clinical Experiences

Supervised Clinical Rotations in Various Healthcare Settings
Preceptorship Opportunities with....