Civilization or Brutalism?
Capital Punishment in North Carolina

The threat of capital punishment has stood the test of time as the ultimate solution for any civilization to treat its unwanted criminals and enemies. As societies became more progressive, the form in which capital punishment took progressed as well, from poisons, nooses, electric shocks, firing squads, or even the good old axe to the neck, to modern chemicals whose sole intent is to stop the heart from beating. The way in which people may be executed has also developed, and with a modern court system has come the ability to seek several appeals to the justice system in order to delay and review cases for years. Because of the burden of the modern state, as terrible as some crime may be, capital punishment simply no longer makes economic sense. Also, psychologists have proven that the threat of capital punishment in no way deters…...

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Works Cited

Charbonneau, Mark. "Death Penalty Debate Moves To Governor's Mansion:: WRAL.com." WRAL.com. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. .

"Death Penalty Cost." Amnesty International USA | Protect Human Rights. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. .

"Offenders on Death Row." North Carolina Department of Corrections. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. .

Smith, Justin E. "Ending the Death Penalty." Counterpunch: Tells the Facts, Names the Names. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. .

For most the idea was the anonymous nature of the village, and how easy it was for anyone to commit an atrocity against another, if given the official sanction to do so.
Stanley Edgar Hyman believed that the nature and purpose of his wife's work were misunderstood because her "fierce visions of dissociation and madness, of alienation and withdrawal, of cruelty and terror" were interpreted as "personal, even neurotic, fantasies." Hyman insisted that instead these visions were "a sensitive and faithful anatomy of our times, fitting symbols for our distressing world of the concentration camp and the Bomb." (6)

Hague 73)

Jackson seeks again, as so many before her have, to point out to the modern world, that we are never far from our barbarous past, no matter how civilized we pretend to be, even the victim of the lottery, had not failed to finish doing the families dishes before she was…...

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Works Cited

Hague, Angela. "A Faithful Anatomy of Our Times": Reassessing Shirley Jackson." Frontiers - a Journal of Women's Studies 26.2 (2005): 73.

Jackson, Shirley the Lottery. Retrieved October 15, 2007 at http://fiction.eserver.org/short/the_lottery.html

Kravits, Bennett. "Reinventing the World and Reinventing the Self in Huck Finn." Papers on Language & Literature 40.1 (2004): 3.

London, Jack to Build a Fire. Retrieved October 15, 2007 at  http://www.pagebypagebooks.com/Jack_London/To_Build_a_Fire/To_Build_a_Fire_p1.html

Civilization in the High Middle Ages
It is said that the University of Oxford was not created, that rather it emerged. Universities in general, and the University of Oxford in particular, are among one of the many contributions of Medieval civilization to the present day. The University of Oxford was not the earliest university in the world - Paris and ologna were founded before it - but it is the oldest English-speaking university in the world, and has eight centuries of history behind it. The development of the University of Oxford took place against a wider backdrop of the revolution that was shaking 12th century Europe: a zest for intellectual discovery, which the existing cathedral and monastic schools could not meet (Green, 1974). Oxford University was a by-product of this intellectual revolution.

As I said, there is no clear date of foundation for the university, but teaching existed in Oxford in various…...

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Bibliography

Brodrick, G.C. (1900). A History of Oxford University. London: Longman.

Catto, J.I. et al. (1992). The History of the University of Oxford. Volume II: late Medieval Oxford. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Green, V.H.H. (1974). A History of Oxford University. London: Batsford.

Prest, J. (ed.) (1993). The Illustrated History of Oxford University. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

By "civilization of the mind" Barlow clearly means that the Internet will be and must be a free medium for the same reason that private thoughts of individuals are not appropriately subject to government control. In Barlow's view at the time, the cyber medium would be nothing more than a community of individuals sharing the product of their private and sovereign thoughts.
Practical Limitations of the Civilization of the Mind Concept

In so far as Barlow meant the freedom to communicate thoughts and the freedom of access to information, his criticisms and his expectations of what the civilization of the mind would (and should) become were accurate. Today, free societies fully recognize that their citizens have every right to communicate freely and to access information via the cyber medium. Barlow was also accurate in his expectation that cyberspace would also provide a new social medium and in that respect, his article…...

Secondly, the relations that were created at the level of the social groups and of the human establishments gave rise to a surplus of products and inevitably of wealth. This was a natural consequence of the fact that the specialization of labor determined a larger quantity of products being made and of better quality. This is seen as the first revolution, the predecessor of events such as the industrial revolution of the 18th century or the informational one in the 20th century. The specialization of work offered the producers the possibility to exchange goods and to create the first good markets. In turn this led to an equal distribution of the profit because some of the goods traded had a higher or lower value on the respective market.

This trend can also characterize today's civilized world. In this sense, despite the fact that we live in a world that is fully…...

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Bibliography

Berstein, Serge, and Milza. Pierre. Histoire de l'Europe. Paris: Hatier, 1994.

Braunstein, Florence, and Pepin, Jean Francois. Les Grandes Doctrines. Paris: Ellipses, 1998.

Mumford, Lewis. The transformations of man. New York: Collier Books, 1966.

Myers, Van Ness. Ancient History, Revised Edition. Boston: Ginn and Company, 1904, pp. 1-12. Available online at http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/Lifescience/PhysicalAnthropology/PrehistoricTimes/PrehistoricTimes.htm

Civilization and Barbarism and Cruelty
The works of Esteban Echeverria's El Matadero/The Slaughterhouse and Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's Facundo two classic works Argentinean 19th century literature

How does one behave like a civilized human being when one is confronted with a brutal dictator and what causes a dictator to rise to power in a land such as Argentina? These are the central questions posed both by the literature of the poet Esteban Echeverria (1805 -- 51) in his work El Matadero/The Slaughterhouse and that of the educator and writer, Domingo Faustino Sarmiento. The latter author was President of Argentina from 1868 to 1874, while the author Echeverria was an early proponent of romanticism in Latin America. Echeverria's earlier text suggested that Argentina's reversion to a dictatorship was simply the result of a brutal man's tyranny upon a pure and uncomplicated land, while Sarmiento suggests a more complicated cause at oppression's roots, pointing…...

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Works Cited

"Echeverria." The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. Columbia University Press. 2005.  http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0816688.html 

'Echeverria, Esteban." Censorship, A World Encyclopedia. Edited by D. Jones. 2004.

 http://www.thefileroom.org/documents/dyn/DisplayCase.cfm/id/850 

Echeverria, Esteban. El Matadero / The Slaughterhouse.

Civilization Historical Analysis
The daring voyages made by explorers from Spain and Portuguese resulted in exploration and discovery of new lands as well as new routes between various regions. It was by these endeavors that Aristotle's 350 BC idea of a round Earth was validated and the world witnessed tremendous progress and development in trade. Europe saw much more development in this era relating to new techniques in navigation, ship building and metallurgy.

Initially the reason for these voyages was the need to discover an alternate route to Asia, known as Indies back then. The land route was blocked and made dangerous to travel on by ruling Muslims hence the alternate sea route was around Africa or set sail towards the west in a hope to reach Indies by going around the globe. It was Christopher Columbus who sailed west looking for an alternate route but he landed in Americas thinking…...

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Works Cited

Cohen, J.M. (1992). The Four Voyages: Being His Own Log-Book, Letters and Dispatches with Connecting Narratives. Penguin Classics, Print.

Hamdani, Abbas. (1979). "Columbus and the Recovery of Jerusalem." Journal of the American Oriental Society 99(1): 39-48. Print.

Upshur, Jiu-Hwa, et al. (2011). World History: Advantage Edition. Cengage Learning, Print.

civilization? Is it right to say that France begins with the Gauls, or should we really speak more about France since the French Revolution since that is when the Republic began? These are questions that go through my mind every time I get ready to teach this class. Does knowing about the Gauls help us understand France today?
When do you feel that you are from? How far do you feel it is worthwhile/interesting to trace your heritage?

Briefly respond to each for the below person response to the above prompt. Feel free to add your own information. Remember to say where the information came from.

We should go as far back as we are able to when it comes to history. The more we find out about the past, the more we know about ourselves. With that said, I believe that France begins with the Gauls, as that is how France…...

Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents
Socrates on Freud's Civilization and its Discontents:

Religion, the nature of man and the value of inquiry

According to Sigmund Freud's Civilization and its Discontents, certain aspects of human nature are immutable. In some ways I do agree with this: I believe that every human being has a certain, innate tendency or ability to do something uniquely well. That is why I devised my vision of an ideal society as a philosophic kingdom, in which those deemed most fit to rule will rule; those who are most fit to defend the body politic are charged with protecting it, and those most fit to perform trades are charged with these manual laboring tasks. However, Freud seems to suppose that everyone is driven by the same urges, namely that of sex, and all other aspects of culture, including the drive for philosophical knowledge are actually a displacement of this urge…...

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Work Cited

Freud, Sigmund. Civilization and its Discontents. Buckinghamshire, UK: Chrysoma.

Originally published 1929. [3 Mar 2014]

http://www2.winchester.ac.uk/edstudies/courses/level%20two%20sem%20two/Freud-Civil-Disc.pdf

Western Civilization
Hammurabi is well-known for the code of laws which he created. What is significant about this code of laws is that it was the first body of laws that was publicly announced to the people of the city. It was arranged in a fashion where it could be understood easily. The trick to understanding the code's relation to the people's values and culture is to look at the stone upon which the code was delivered. The code was carved into a black stone around eight feet in height. The large size was designed for accessibility in the city.

This stone upon which the code lay was found in 1901 in a city in the Persian mountains. When looking at the text, one skilled in ancient texts will note that the code begins and ends with proclamation to the gods. This shows a link between the people's culture, religious beliefs, and…...

art and show how they revealed the accomplishments of their respective civilizations. The three works are Perseus with the Head of Medusa by Antonio Canova (1804-6), the marble column from the Temple of Artemis at Sardis (300 BC), and the Fascinus phallus-deity of ancient Rome. Each is a work that reflects the style and culture of its time.
Canova's Perseus is much more "lyrical" than other representations of the Gorgon-slaying demigod ("Perseus with the Head of Medusa"). A marble statue standing at 220 cm. high, Perseus' pose is rather sweeping as though he were caught in mid side-step in a dance. His left arm is held aloft and in its hand is the head of Medusa, but one could easily imagine the hand holding the hand of a dancing partner. The right arm is down and its hand holds the sword that killed the Gorgon. All the weight appears to…...

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Works Cited

Johnson, Paul. Art: A New History. NY: Harcourt, 2003. Print.

"Marble column from the Temple of Artemis at Sardis." MetMuseum. Web. 22 Apr

2015.

"Perseus with the Head of Medusa." MetMuseum. Web. 22 Apr 2015.

Civilization
Liberalism introduced a very appealing idealistic perspective of the world, wishing for universal freedom and equality. Historical events, such as the French revolution or the industrial revolution seemed to change the world in this exact direction, but the truth is that liberalism failed to keep its promise regarding progress.

Society did undergo fundamental changes. Absolutist regimes were brought down. The industrial advancements allowed for the creation of a new social order with the middle class acquiring a better living standard and easier access to knowledge. However, all these positive changes had their own price that was paid dearly.

Modernism had the purpose of renewing all the important aspects of society (social, political, cultural, etc.) under the circumstances in which the entirely industrialized world served as a proof to demonstrate that the power is in man's hands while it is our actions which create the future and not the will of an omnipotent…...

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Bibliography:

Rogers, Perry M. "Aspects of western civilization: problems and sources in history." Volume one. Prentice Hall, 6th edition, 2007

Rogers, Perry M. "Aspects of western civilization: problems and sources in history." Volume two. Prentice Hall, 6th edition, 2007

Shelley, Mary. "Frankenstein or the modern Prometheus." Simon and Schuster. 2004

Wright, Patrick. Enemy alien in "The Guardian," February 2, 2008 retrieved march 20 from  http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,2250759,00.html#article_continue

Islamic Civilization
A civilization in simple terms is the development of human potential in all dimensions including physical, intellectual, spiritual, moral and psychological. In order for the potential to be developed, civilizations have to work to utilize the resources that are available to them, benefits of which should reach the entire society and bring a positive effect on to the whole world. It is a manifestation of beliefs that are present in every aspect of human life. A civilization is a collective effort which is undertaken by a whole society and benefits are not only restricted to a particular group or people or individuals, even if those individuals are not directly a part of the civilization. Civilizations have to maintain duration and continuation. They do not emerge simply to disappear. They can spread to other societies and spread throughout the world.

The Islamic civilization is the manifestation of the Islamic faith i.e.…...

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References:

Arberry, A. Aspects of Islamic Civilization: As Depicted in the Original Texts. University of Michigan Press,

Donner, Fred McGraw. Muhammad and the Believers, At the Origins of Islam. Belknap Press, 2011.

Ernst, Carl W. Following Muhammad, Rethinking Islam in the Contemporary World. The University of North Carolina Press, 2006.

Ihya al-Ulum. 97.

Hispanic (Spanish and Portugese) Civilization
History has proven that, regardless of the way in which civilization managed to overcome centuries of historical practices, there is a certain foundation in terms of defining elements that characterize the different cultures. The simple split between the European and the African cultures is relevant in this sense. Despite the fact that it is the European force that created Africa as it looks today, with origins in the French, the British or the Italian and German cultures, there is a clear distinction between the European in France and the European in Morocco for instance. Yet, a great number of cultural aspects are somewhat common and defined the perspective of French Africa as opposed to British Africa. The same applies in the case of the Hispanic culture. There are common elements that define Hispanic nations, despite differences in culture and history. Yet, to this day, the Spanish…...

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References

Alves, Abel A. Brutality and Benevolence: Human Ethnology, Culture, and the Birth of Mexico. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1996.

Berstein, Serge, and Milza. Pierre. Histoire de l'Europe. Paris: Hatier, 1994

Dept. Of Transportation. "49 Cfr Transportation, Subtitle A, Office Of The Secretary Of Transportation, Part 26 -- Participation By Disadvantaged Business Enterprises In Department Of Transportation Financial Assistance Programs" in Office of Planning, Environment, and Realty (HEP), available at  http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/hep/guidance/superseded/49cfr26.cfm 

Mexico E-magazine. Mexico's History: the Spanish Conquest. 2008.  http://www.mexperience.com/history/conquest.htm

Survival of Civilization and Personal Survival Following a Large-Scale Nuclear Disaster
This study operates from the viewpoint of a disaster situation and in this scenario the disaster chosen is a nuclear disaster. The purpose of this study is to choose three objects that will ensure civilization continues. A nuclear disaster would result in many deaths in addition to the destruction of property, plants, animals, and if the disaster were on a large enough scale, life as it is known would cease to exist.

Three Items to Ensure Civilization's Survival

Three items that would be chosen to ensure that civilization survives would be: (1) a packet of seeds; (2) a bag of medicine; and (3) a book on survival. While infrastructure might still be in place, the necessary manpower to operate the infrastructure would likely not be in existence. Therefore, this type of disaster, on a large enough scale would result in a…...

In an essay, an attention grabber is known as the essay hook.  To help you out on your world civilization essay, we have put together a few topics, essay hooks, and thesis statements you could use for a world civilization essay.

World Civilization Essay Topics

1. To what extent does the character Khal Drago from Game of Thrones resemble the real-life warlord, leader, and destroyer Genghis Khan?
2. An exploration of the well-known Barbarian leader, Attila the Hun and how his actual behavior and history conflicts with his reputation as an uncultured and vicious leader, including investigation into his education, his use....

While the concept of a bathing culture may be most strongly associated with the Romans at the time of the Roman Empire, many cultures have placed social, economic, and personal emphasis on bathing in a way that makes the practice as much about culture as it is about hygiene.  Historically, cultures had very different approaches to bathing, with some ancient cultures considering baths dangerous, while others considered them almost sacred.  Even in modern times, cultures take different approaches to the concept of bathing.

You can see the influence of nature on Japanese bathing tradition, which sets it apart....

Graffiti should be protected for several reasons:

1. Artistic expression: Graffiti is a form of art that allows individuals to express their creativity and communicate messages visually. It provides a platform for artists to showcase their talent and perspective.

2. Cultural significance: Graffiti often reflects the cultural identity and vibrant spirit of a community or neighborhood. It can convey unique stories, experiences, and beliefs of a particular group of people, preserving their history and heritage.

3. Social commentary: Graffiti serves as a powerful tool for social commentary, enabling artists to raise awareness about various issues such as social injustice, environmental concerns, or political....

Title: Navigating the Crossroads of Authority: Exploring the Legitimacy and Limits of Power in Political Theory

Introduction:
At the crux of political theory lies the intricate interplay between authority and power, a dynamic relationship that has sparked debates and shaped paradigms for centuries. This essay delves into the multifaceted concept of legitimacy, interrogating the foundations of authority and the boundaries of power. Through a comprehensive analysis of historical and contemporary perspectives, we will explore the challenges and complexities of legitimizing power, the tensions between various sources of authority, and the implications for political practice and social justice.

1. The Sources and Foundations of....