CDC
The Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are essentially organized around its primary office, the Office of the Director. In this capacity, director Thomas . Frieden serves as the president or perhaps the CEO of this entity. Frieden is aided by his second in command, Ileana Arlas, whose formal title is Principal Deputy Director. There are numerous other positions within this office, which serve to oversee and designate authority among the various facets of public health in which the CDC is involved. These include different areas of science, communication, and minority health equity, among others.

This principle entity, the Office of the Director, designates its authority over four chief agencies that are linked, somewhat, to the various positions that others serve within the Office of the Director. These four additional branches of the CDC include the Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support, the Office of Public Health Scientific…...

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References

CDC. (2014). "CDC director Tom Frieden." www.cdc.gov. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/about/leadership.htm 

CDC. (2013). "Our history: our story." www.cdc.gov. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/about/history/ourstory.htm 

CDC. (2013). "Mission, role and pledge." www.cdc.gov. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/about/organization/mission.htm 

CDC. (2012). "DTBE in South Africa." www.cdc.gov. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/globaltb/Southafrica.htm

CDC'S HEALTHY AGING WEBSITE
CDC Healthy Aging

CDC's Healthy Aging Website

CDC's Healthy Aging Website

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website (2011a) was designed to function as a ready reference covering most of the health issues confronted by aging adults and their caregivers. A diverse set of topics are covered, including descriptions of aging-related diseases and treatments, preventative services, chronic diseases and their management, statistics, and how to financially prepare for aging-related health problems. This resource is designed to provide a fairly comprehensive, up-to-date, information resource for both caregivers and patients, although comprehending the more technical material will require patients to be college-educated and English-literate.

Informational esources Provided

Featured at the top of the page is report titled the "Healthy Brain Initiative," which represents a program started after Congressional leaders provided funding to the CDC to focus on aging-related cognitive health issues (CDC, 2011b, p. 2). Building upon the substantial research that had…...

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References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011a). Healthy Aging. Retrieved Oct. 30, 2011 from  http://cdc.gov/aging/pdf/HBISummary_508.pdf 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011b). The CDC Healthy Brain Initiative: Progress 2006-2011. Atlanta, GA: CDC.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Administration on Aging, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2011c). Enhancing use of clinical preventive services among older adults. Washington, D.D.: AARP.

Library of Congress. (2000). Project on the Decade of the Brain. Retrieved Oct. 30, 2011 from  http://www.loc.gov/loc/brain/

Zika Virus
The Latest Global Health Emergency

The international news in recent weeks has been flooded with reports and opinions about what is referred to as the Zika Virus. The World Health Organization declared the Zika virus and its suspected link to birth defects an international public health emergency, which represents an uncommon classification that is meant to signal the seriousness of the outbreak and prepare countries around the world to quickly position themselves in such a way that they can mitigate the worst consequences of the virus (Tavernise & McNeil, 2016). Despite the seriousness of the threats issued by international health leaders, most of the common symptoms associated with Zika are relatively mild in nature and typically only last for a few days to a week. About one in five individuals infected are thought to become sick and their symptoms include things such as (CDC, 2016):

Fever, rash, and conjunctivitis (red eyes)

Joint…...

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References

CDC. (2016, January 29). Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment. Retrieved from Center for Disease Control:  http://www.cdc.gov/zika/symptoms/ 

Cha, A. (2016, February 2). Zika crisis: What is microcephaly? And what does this mean for babies? Retrieved from The Washington Post:  https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2016/02/01/zika-virus-and-microcephaly-scientists-investigate-mystery-of-whether-mosquito-bite-is-responsible-for-brain-defect/ 

Tavernise, S., & McNeil, D. (2016, February 1). Zika Virus a Global Health Emergency, W.H.O. Says. Retrieved from The New York Times:  http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/02/health/zika-virus-world-health-organization.html 

WHO. (2016, January 17). Epiidemiiollogiicall Updatte. Retrieved from World Health Organization:  http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&Itemid=&gid=32879&lang=en

Strategic Planning and SWOT Analysis
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CDC has a mission protecting the health of all Americans at all times. Notably, the jurisdictions of their actions are the protections of American both within and outside America. The organization focuses on preventions and cure of the chronic disease that compromise the health of the Americans (Xu et al. 2016). The entry of ZIKA virus into the world has prompt many health organization into intensive research to identify the cause cure and the preventions. CDC is on the health stallholders that were in the lead attempting to provide a solution to the problem. The following is a table of the SWOT analysis for the problem-solving process.

Strengths

Availability of resource to finance the project

CDC has skilled health professional

Strong and able leadership

Clear goals of the COP

Weakness

Financial constraint to finance inventions of new drug

Insufficient resources regarding the ZIKA virus

Lack of effective coordination to address…...

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Reference

Heinrich, R. (2014). Business Process Quality. In Aligning Business Processes and Information Systems (pp. 21-57). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

Holtgrave, D. R., & Greenwald, R. (2016). A SWOT Analysis of the Updated National HIV / AIDS Strategy for the U.S., 2015-2020. AIDS and Behavior, 20(1), 1-6

Jurecka, P. (2013). Strategy and Portfolio Management Aspects of Integrated Business Planning. Central European Business Review, 2(1), 28

Xu, J., Bergquist, R., Qian, Y. J., Wang, Q., Yu, Q., Peeling, R. & Zhou, X. N. (2016). Chapter Fifteen-China -- Africa and China -- Asia Collaboration on Schistosomiasis Control: A SWOT Analysis. Advances in Parasitology, 92, 435-466

governmental agency, CDC, regulates governs health care industry a segment industry. • Describe history agency, source scope authority, structure, carries day -- day responsibilities, effects health care industry a segment industry.
Center for disease control

History of CDC

The Center for Disease Control (CDC) has become a household name in the healthcare sectors of most countries across the world. The institution boasts a broad coverage and fame across the world which arises out of the wide scope of its activities and the global presence it cuts. The origin of the institution dates back on 1st July 1946 when the Communicable Disease Control Center was organized in Atlanta, Georgia in the United States. It was basically established as a branch of the Public Health Service by its founder Dr. Joseph Mountil who had high hopes for the then tiny institution. The fundamental objective of CDC at its establishment was to address the growing…...

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References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention infectious diseases snapshot 2008. (2009). Atlanta, GA: Dept. Of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Pendergrast, M. (2010). Inside the outbreaks: the elite medical detectives of the epidemic intelligence service. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Regis, E. (1996). Virus ground zero: Stalking the killer viruses with the Centers for Disease Control. New York: Pocket Books.

Anthrax
When it comes to possible or actual terror weapons, there are very few things that are portable yet as lethal as anthrax. As was seen during the days after 9/11 and at other times in the history of the United States, the threat of anthrax is so scary and real that people go pale at the mere site of any sort of white powder in or on a mailed letter or anything else along those lines. This report shall cover the health policy implications of anthrax and what can be done about it in terms of emergency preparedness. While the anthrax threat is not widespread in general terms, it is known to be potentially lethal and causes hysteria wherever it is threated or when it actually happens.

When it comes to healthcare policy when it relates to anthrax, the two main weapons that the Department of Homeland Security and other related…...

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References

CDC. (2016). What CDC is Doing to Prepare| Anthrax - CDC. CDC.gov. Retrieved 8 August 2016, from  http://www.cdc.gov/anthrax/bioterrorism/cdc-action.html 

Weiss, M., Weiss, P., & Weiss, J. (2007). Anthrax Vaccine and Public Health Policy. Am J. Public Health, 97(11), 1945-1951.  http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2006.102749

Measure of associations Exercise 3.7
1. Rate ratio comparing current smokers with nonsmokers
Rate ration = rate of current smokers/rate of nonsmokers
(Rate of current smokers = rate of smokers per 1000 persons-years = 1.3)
(Rate of nonsmokers = rate of nonsmokers per 1000 persons-years = 0.07)
Rate ration = 1.3/0.07
=18.57
2. Rate ratio comparing ex-smokers who quit at least 20 years ago with nonsmokers
Rate ration = rate of ex-smokers quitting at 20 years/rate of nonsmokers
(Rate of ex-smokers quitting at 20 years = rate per 1000 persons-years = 0.19)
(Rate of nonsmokers = rate per 1000 persons-years = 0.07)
Rate ration = 0.19/0.07
= 2.71
3. What are the public health implications of these findings?
Based on the calculation above, it is evident that the rate of lung cancer incidences among smokers is way too high, 18 times, as compared to nonsmokers. This leads to the conclusion that, smoking is a factor contributing to the risk of lung cancer. This conclusion is…...

Agencies That Affect Public Health SystemsGovernmental and quasi-governmental agencies play a vital role in providing public health systems and nursing services in the United States (Whitsel et al., 2021). These agencies are responsible for setting rules and regulations, providing funding for public health programs, collecting data for research and evaluation, and promoting social justice. Moreover, cultural diversity plays a major role in the public health arena, as it affects the availability of resources, access to services, and the quality of health care that is provided (atima et al., 2019).The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is one of the primary governmental agencies that affect public health systems and nursing in the United States. The CDC (2022) works to protect public health by researching and preventing communicable diseases, promoting healthy lifestyles, and helping Americans make informed decisions about health care. Other key governmental agencies include the U.S. Department of Health…...

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ReferencesCDC. (2022). Mission, role and pledge. Retrieved from   Essentials. (2022). Retrieved from  https://www.aacnnursing.org/DNP/DNP-Essentials NIH. (2022). Grants and funding. Retrieved from  https://www.nih.gov/grants-funding Ratima, M., Martin, D., Castleden, H., & Delormier, T. (2019). Indigenous voices and knowledge systems–promoting planetary health, health equity, and sustainable development now and for future generations. Global Health Promotion, 26(3_suppl), 3-5.Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (2022). Our focus areas. Retrieved from  https://www.rwjf.org/en/our-focus-areas.html Whitsel, L. P., Bantham, A., Jarrin, R., Sanders, L., & Stoutenberg, M. (2021). Physical activity assessment, prescription and referral in US healthcare: How do we make this a standard of clinical practice?. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 64, 88-95.https://www.cdc.gov/about/organization/mission.htm DNP

The exercises (6.1 to 6.9) address the core principles of investigating an outbreak using epidemiological methods including statistical analysis. Outbreaks are defined as “unexpected events,” which often receive sufficient media attention to warrant rapid public relations or action responses (Lesson 6: Investigating an Outbreak). Therefore, it is important to understand the principles of epidemiological methods like those offered in the exercises. In addition to the exercises (6.1 to 6.9) the CDC also offers the self-assessment quiz. The exercises and the quiz collectively summarize the main issues related to outbreaks and how an epidemiologist would address different types of outbreaks in different scenarios. 6.1. This exercise addresses the concept of clustering, in which a relatively small group of cases seems confined to a specific geographical area. For example, there may be reports of a certain type of cancer in an area where the drinking water is contaminated. Further investigation is warranted even…...

3. BMR stands for basal metabolic rate. It generally refers to the body's metabolism at stasis: while doing nothing. The BMR is the basic energy level needed to sustain life. A person's basal metabolic rate usually decreases with age. The best way to increase the BMR is to exercise regularly. Eating less does not raise the BMR but rather, usually lowers it. Therefore, exercise is in many ways more important than eating less if a person hopes to lose weight. A higher body fat percentage is also correlated with a lower basal metabolic rate. Therefore, individuals with a lot of muscle mass tend to have higher basal metabolic rates than individuals who do not because muscles are metabolically more active than fat. Fat is burned off when muscles are used, during intensive exercise when the intake of calories is less than the expenditure of energy.

orks Cited

Centers for Disease Control and…...

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Works Cited

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Obesity and Overweight: Health Consequences." Retrieved Feb 23, 2008 at  http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/consequences.htm 

Metabolism." Retrieved Feb 23, 2008 at  http://www.fatfreekitchen.com/weightloss/metabolism.html

CDC's Healthy Community Program Success Story Worksheet (modified version)
Thank you for choosing to share your story! This worksheet will help you gather and organize information. As you read each question, imagine you are telling a friend about your program or strategy. What is the first thing you would tell them that answers the question?

Consider this a summary of your policy, system, or environmental change strategy that you'll reference later. Keep your answers short, no more than a sentence if you can.

Do you have a name for the policy, system, or environmental change strategy you're trying to implement?

What risk factors does it address?

It addresses misinformation among school children regarding tabacco use and its popularity by raising children's self-esteem to a high enough level that they overcome unhealthy peer pressure to smoke.

What kind of change are you trying to implement?

The goal is to reduce the amount of young people smoking by 60%…...

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1. Which of the 7 Areas of Responsibility were demonstrated in the project? Give examples. The areas are listed at  http://www.nchec.org/credentialing/responsibilities/ 

This model primarily addresses the first area of responsibility. There was a defecit in education regarding tabacco awareness. Once addressed, the numbers of teen smokers began dropping.

Healthy People 2020

Epidemiological considerations anthracis originates in soil in a lot of regions of this world in which we live. Environmental aspects (for example plentiful precipitation subsequent to a phase of water dearth) might improve spore mass in soil, even though the precise impact of such features remains badly understood (Bell, Kozarsky, Stephens, 2002).
The organism by and large subsists in the endospore shape in environment; germination of spores exterior to an animal congregation might take place when the subsequent situations are encountered (Bell, Kozarsky, Stephens, 2002):

elative humidity >95%

Presence of sufficient nutrients

Temperature amid 8°C and 45°C

PH amid 5 and 9 (Bell, Kozarsky, Stephens, 2002)

Endospores are opposed to heat, drying, gamma radiation, ultraviolet light, and various antiseptics. Spores can continue in soil for decades, as exemplified by organic combat researches all through World War II on the Scottish island of Gruinard. All through 1943, as well as 1944, an expected 4 x 1014 anthrax…...

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References

Bell, D.M., Kozarsky, P.E., Stephens, D.S. (2002). Clinical issues in the Prophylaxis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Anthrax. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 8(2), 222-225.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2001). Anthrax Disease Information

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2201). Notice to Readers: Considerations for Distinguishing Influenza-Like Illness from Inhalational Anthrax. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 50(44), 984-6.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2201). Notice to Readers: Update: Interim Recommendations for Ant microbial Prophylaxis for Children and Breastfeeding Mothers and Treatment of Children with Anthrax. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 50(45), 1014-6.

local city state agencies select a target population. Examples target populations poor, unemployed, children, elderly, people disabilities, persons mental illness, substance abusers, criminals, homeless, persons living HIV / AIDS.
Instructions:

eview the list of local city and state agencies and select a target population. Examples of target populations are the poor, unemployed, children, elderly, people with disabilities, persons with mental illness, substance abusers, criminals, homeless, and persons living with HIV / AIDS. Once you have selected a group, research a current issue or problem affecting this target population.

Identify the current and unmet needs of your chosen target population, and describe the possible obstacles that are preventing resolution of the problems. What human service programs addressing the problem currently exist, and how are they helping or hindering the problem?

Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper in APA format, with references, summarizing your findings. Use Appendixes C & G. And have at least two…...

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References

Au, N.; (2012) The health care cost implications of overweight and obesity during childhood, Health Services Research, Vol. 47, Issue 2, pp. 655 -- 676

CDC; (2011) Childhood overweight and obesity, accessed on April 13, 2012 at:  http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/index.html ,

Ness, A.R.; Leary, S.D.; Mattocks, C.; Blair, S.N.; Riley, J.J.; (2007) Objectively measured physical activity and fat mass in a large cohort of children, PloS Medicine, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 476 -- 484

Falls
THE ISSUE OF ACCIDENTAL FALLS

At some point, anyone who had learned how to walk has had the experience of falling down -- it is a universal experience for infants as they gain ambulatory ability. In hospitals, however, the accidental fall is the most reported type of patient safety incident, with elderly patient populations displaying a particular vulnerability (Oliver 2007, p.173). Approximately one-third of adults over the age of sixty-five will experience an accidental fall this year (CDC 2012, n.p.) Fischer (2005) offers some clarification as to how these incidents should be defined -- the simplest basic definition is "a sudden, uncontrolled, unintentional, downward displacement of the body to the ground or other object" (p822). This definition takes into account the unpredictable nature of the incident, and the fact that it frequently involves a certain loss of control on the part of the patient; it also reminds us that the fact…...

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References

CDC (2012). Adult falls. Web. Accessed at: http:/ / www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.htm

Currie, LM. (2006). Fall and injury prevention. Annual Review of Nursing Research. 24(1):39-74.

Fischer ID; Krauss MJ; Dunagan WC et al. (2005). Patterns and predictors of inpatient falls and fall-related injuries in a large academic hospital. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. 26(10):822-7.

Grubel, F. (1959) Falls: A principal patient incident. Hosp Manage. 88:37-8.

C. Mayor Adrian Fenty made HIV / AIDS the most important public health priority (Greenberg et al., 2009). Funding from the CDC allowed for a partnership between the D.C. Department of Health's HIV / AIDS Administration and the George Washington University School of Public Health and Healthy Services, which was responsible for the Epidemiology Annual eport for 2007 -- the first to be published for D.C. since 2002 (Greenberg et al., 2009). The Department of Health also initiated a routine HIV screening campaign to help provide testing resources and lower stigma, titled "Come Together DC -- Get Screened for HIV" (Greenberg et al., 2009).
Efforts to address the epidemic in D.C. included a combination of increased resource availability and educational services as offered by public health departments. The "Come Together DC -- Get Screened for HIV" campaign provided approximately 73,000 tests in 2008, which was a 70% testing increase from 2007…...

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References

Brown, M., & Henriquez, E. (2008). Socio-demographic predictors of attitudes towards gays and lesbians. Individual Differences Research, 6(3), 193-202.

CDC HIV Fact sheet. (2011, November 07). HIV in the United States. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/factsheets/us.htm 

CDC Fact sheet. (2011, September). HIV and AIDS among gay and bisexual men. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/fastfacts-msm-final508comp.pdf 

Greenberg, A., Hader, S., Masur, H., Young, A., Skillicorn, J., & Dieffenbach, C. (2009). Fighting HIV / AIDS in washington, d.c. Health Affairs, 28(6), 1677-1687.

....

Since we do not know what you have put in your first page, it is a little difficult to tell you where to start on your second page.  What we are going to do is go over some of the negative effects of gentrification and give you some links to find more information about those negative effects.  Hopefully, this will help you get over your writer’s block and get past page two.

At first glance, gentrification may seem like a positive.  After all, gentrification means an upward trend economically for a historically economically disadvantaged neighborhood.  However, long-term residents....

Infection control specifically refers to stopping the spread of disease in healthcare settings and during health care procedures, such as surgeries.  It is a catchall phrase that refers to a wide variety of behaviors or practices that can result in the elimination or reduction of disease transmission in these settings.  We are happy to provide you with some suggested topics and titles for an essay about infection control.

Essay Topics

Best hygiene practices for pre-surgical prep of skin to prevent surgical-site infections

Does the routine use of masks in non-surgical medical examinations and routines reduce infectious disease transmission....

Policy implementation is the process of bringing a policy to life with the goal of achieving the desired outcomes.  In most cases, enacting a policy is not enough to bring about the desired changes.  That is because enacting a policy is only the first step to carrying out the policy changes; policy implementation is how the policy is actually brought to life.  The four main factors impacting policy implementation are public opinion, economic conditions, interest groups (stakeholders), and technological change.

Public opinion not only impacts whether a policy is implemented, but also how it is implemented. ....