Capitalism Is Moral
Questioning the Morality of Capitalism: Moral, Immoral, or Amoral?

"To trade by means of money is the code of the men of good will. Money rests on the axiom that every man is the owner of his mind and his effort. Money allows no power to prescribe the value of your effort except by the voluntary choice of the man who willing to trade you his effort in return. Money permits you to obtain for your goods and your labor that which they are worth to the men who buy them, but no more. Money permits no deals except to those to mutual benefit by the unforced judgment of the traders. Money demands of you the recognition that men must work for their own benefit, not for their own injury, for their gain, not their loss -- the recognition that they are not beasts of burden, born to carry…...

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References:

Fourcade, M. & K. Healy. (2007) Moral Views of Market Society. Annual Review of Sociology, Available from

Griffiths, B., R.A. Sirico, N. Barry, & F. Field. (2001) Capitalism, Morality, and Markets. The Institute of Economic Affairs, Profile Books, London.

Gwartney, J., R. Lawson, & J. Hall. (2011). Chapter 1: Economic Freedom of the World, 2011. Fraser Institute, Canada. Available from:

Ikerd, J. (2008) Sustainable Capitalism: A Matter of Ethics and Morality. Problems of Sustainable Development, 3(1), 13 -- 22.

Capitalism and the Global Environment
A framework has been formed by capitalism according to which the world is not responding to the environmental changes. Capitalism produces (or is formed by) a number of environmental changes and lays down the foundation for the social relations and for all the political institutions. This thus demonstrates our potential to respond to the changing environment very efficiently. But still the learners of global environmental change do not frequently pass on to capitalism directly (Newell, 2011).

Capitalism, although unrevealed mostly, dominates in almost all academic discussions related to global environmental change. However, in spite of all this development of rhetoric and policy considerations concerning new green deal known as the 'greening' of capitalism, the need is of a variant capitalism which has the potential of handling the climate change specially (Porritt, 2007). At the same time, the one which is less susceptible to instability and crisis. eferring…...

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References

Al Gore, A.A. (2006). An Inconvenient Truth. Rodale, Pennsylvania.

Bakker, K., 2004. An Uncooperative Commodity: Privatizing Water in England and Wales. OUP, Oxford.

Beder, S. (2004). The Changing Face of Conservation: Commodification, Privatization and the Free Market. Chapter 5. In Lavingne, DM (ed), Gaining Ground: In Pursuit of Ecological Sustainability, International Fund for Animal Welfare, Guelph, Canada & University of Limerick, Ireland, 83-97.

Bunch, C. (2008). Final Paper: An Inconvenient Truth. Available at: http://cabunch.public.iastate.edu/Revised%20Paper%20An%20Inconvenient%20Truth.pdf

Capitalism and Socialism
Capitalism Socialism Social Institutions

The debate over Capitalism and Socialism is one of the most important debates in the modern era. It has caused countless wars and political movements, which still drives political debate today. However, both models arise from common shifts in the our society's dominant social institutions. Thesis: Capitalism was aided by the decline of religious institutions, replacing those institutions with economic institutions. However, economic institutions, though dominant, demonstrate the serious void in ethics and compassion left by the decline of religious institutions.

Key Tenets of Capitalism

Karl Marx, the icon of Socialist economic theory, believed that society evolved through a progression of discrete stages, where the level inequality and exploitation diminishes until the economic organization of the society makes exploitation unnecessary. (Singer, 10) This exploitation was considered by Marx to be rooted in the ownership of property and the means of production, which encouraged some individuals to accumulate…...

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Bibliography

Merton, R.K. (1968). Social theory and social structure. New York, Free Press.

Singer, P. (2000). Marx: A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Author Unknown (2008). Introduction to Sociology. Wikibooks. Retrieved May 26, 2011, from: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology 

Fitzgerald, N., Cormack, M., (2006). The role of business in society; An agenda for action. The Conference Board. Publication number CSR-06-Citizen. Retrieved on May 29, 2011 from:  http://www.hks.harvard.edu/m-rcbg/CSRI/publications/report_12_CGI%20Role%20of%20Business%20in%20Society%20Report%20FINAL%2010-03-06.pdf

Capitalism and the Corporation:
The contemporary business corporation is an initial creation of the United States imagination that was originally designed to expand local markets. The initial design soon became an essential means to develop a national market. As a result, the American industrialization and capitalism were critically dependent on the corporate form of organization. However, the corporation was not an intangible original initiative since it spread in reaction to tangible economic challenges. Moreover, the corporation had first to become a legal technique before it developed into anything else. Therefore, corporate law is not a division of higher mathematics whose cogency needs a series of more elementary operations since external forces like economic pressures helped to create the corporation. The problem under investigation is the history of the corporation in light of its origin and development. The other issues examined in the article include the different definitions of stakeholder, differences in…...

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References:

"Corporation." (n.d.). Capitalism. Retrieved April 27, 2013, from  http://capitalism.org/category/corporation/ 

Hassan, M.A. (2012, December 13). Michael Novak: Capitalism and the Corporation. Retrieved April 27, 2013, from http://www.netarco.com/notes/2012/12/13/michael-novak-capitalism-and-the-corporation/

Jennings, M. (2012). Business ethics: case studies and selected readings (7th ed.). Mason, OH:

South-Western Cengage Learning.

Capitalism Expansion
Capitalism

Can the Current Unprecedented Global Expansion of Capitalism

be Sustained

The global expansion of capitalism is an ongoing and uneven process. Discuss the similarities and differences between capitalism's historical expansion and current forms of expansion, and whether or not capitalism's expansion can be sustained. What limits are there to its continued expansion and what implications does this have for its, and our, future?

Many societies in the recent past have tried to deny the power of capitalism to their detriment. Communist economic theory may work in a perfect world, but humans will never be perfect. It is not in human nature to work as hard as possible so that someone else can benefit from that work. Of course, people will work hard for their family's benefit, but they often quail at having to work hard and then provide to the community larder. Capitalism, and trade, have worked for centuries as a means…...

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References

Bauman, Zygmunt. (2007). Consuming life. Cambridge, UK: Polity.

Gibson-Graham, J.K.. (2006). A post-capitalist politics. Minneapolis & London: University of Minnesota Press.

Perelman, Michael. (2000). The invention of capitalism: Classical political economy and the secret history of primitive accumulation. Durham & London: Duke University Press.

He deliberated that domestic investment generates higher income and jobs compared to investment made in foreign trade. Through choosing the backing of domestic to foreign investment, the capitalist planned exclusive his independent security and through propelling that industry in such a way so as to yield what might be of the maximum worth, he plans solely his self advantage, and hence in this manner as also in other problems, spearheaded by an invisible hand to foster an end that was never any constituent of his plans.
In his writings regarding policy matters in Wealth of Nations, Smith puts forth the appropriate contribution for the function of the state. He upholds that three aspects of valid governmental activity present in a society are: safeguard against external and internal security risks, the establishment of regulations which avert people from subjugating one another and the supply of public goods which the market would…...

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Bibliography

Allaboutphilosophy. What is Communism. 2007, accessed 21 November 2007; available at  http://www.allaboutphilosophy.org/what-is-communism-faq.htm 

Alvey, James E. "Adam Smith's Higher Vision of Capitalism" Journal of Economic Issues

32, no. 1 (1998): 65-71.

Brown, Sherrod. Myths of Free Trade: Why American Trade Policy Has Failed. The New

Hochschild certainly has excellent examples for the needs of such a realization in people, particularly Americans, especially when one considers how much more time at work people spend in this country compared to others, as well as how much money they think they need to have "everything they want." The fact of the matter remains, that when one gains an awareness of the perception that capitalism is, as Henry Cox put it, "the religion" that largely escapes the notice of those who practice it, its prevalence, its intensity, and its non-stop demands would more than likely be questioned. The most intelligent of examiners would likely pause to consider the context for all of the labor and the material trophies it provides within their lives and that of those closest to them. In some respects, this examination of labor and its fruits does take place already, albeit in different terms…...

What people have to understand is that it is impossible to reach a compromise through supporting capitalism and environmentalism concomitantly. Capitalism presently dominates the political landscape and this makes it almost impossible for nature's health to be preserved (Seis 123).
Through analyzing a series of trade agreements, it appears that the international public is more concerned about the well-being of transnational corporations than about that of the environment, thus putting the interests of capitalism before those of people. In spite of its detriments, capitalism in nonetheless a profitable system when concerning short-term benefits. It makes it possible for society to advance rapidly and effectively. However, this is done at the expense of the environment, which has its health ignored by the general public (Seis 123).

People have to understand that basic human rights should be considered more important than property and profits. Although globalization improved the lives of many, the effects…...

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Bibliography:

Hood, John "How Green Was My Balance Sheet: The Environmental Benefits of Capitalism," Policy Review

Seis, Mark "Confronting the Contradiction: Global Capitalism and Environmental Health [*]," International Journal of Comparative Sociology: 123

Capitalism and Socialism
The two dominant economic systems we have in the world today are socialism and capitalism. In this text, I will in addition to comparing and contrasting socialism and capitalism also discuss the shortcomings of these two economic systems. Further, amongst other things, I will highlight the overlaps between the two.

Capitalism vs. Socialism

In seeking to highlight the key differences between socialism and capitalism, it would be prudent to first offer a concise definition of the two terms. Capitalism in the words of Brinkerhoff, White, Ortega, and Weitz (2007) "is the economic system in which most wealth (land, capital, and labor) is private property, to be used by its owners to maximize their own gain." As the authors in this case further point out, this particular economic system is largely founded on competition. Socialism on the other hand is defined as "an economic structure in which productive tools are owned…...

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References

Andresen, M.L. & Taylor, H.F. (2007). Sociology: Understanding a Diverse Society (4th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomas Higher Education.

Brinkerhoff, D.B., White, L.K., Ortega, S.T. & Weitz, R. (2007). Essentials of Sociology (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomas Higher Education.

Ensign, R.L. & Patsouas, L.M. (Eds.). (1993). Challenging Social Injustice: Essays on Socialism and the Devaluation of the Human Spirit. New York, NY: Edwin Mellen Press.

Furze, B., Savy, P., Brym, R.J. & Lie, J. (Eds.). (2012). Sociology in Today's World (2nd ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Capitalism is "an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market"
As we can see from this definition, according to the Webster definition, there are two main characteristics for capitalism, both economic: a private ownership of capital goods and the role of the free market.

From the same source, Communism is seen as "a system in which goods are owned in common and are available to all as needed," but also "a totalitarian system of government in which a single authoritarian party controls state-owned means of production" and "a final stage of society in Marxist theory in which the state has withered away and economic goods are distributed equitably." In this sense, Communism also combines political and historical elements with the economic…...

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Bibliography

1. Pipes, Richard. Communism -- A History. Modern Library Chronicles. 2001.

2. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. On the Internet at va=Capitalismhttp://www.webster.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&

3. Carew, Edna. The Language of Money. On the Internet at   content=mixed_economyhttp://www.anz.com/edna/dictionary.asp?action=content& ;

4. History of Socialism. Wikipedia. On the Internet at  http://www.answers.com/topic/history-of-socialism

Capitalism: A Love Story
Michael Moore's Capitalism: A Love Story

Michael Moore is an expert at tugging on viewer's heart strings, and never passes up an opportunity to do so in Capitalism: A Love Story -- even though the docu-tragi-comedy would have been better without so much bathos. Moore's main problem lies where it always does: with him focusing the camera on humanity's tragedies and milking them for all their worth. It is not to his advantage. His strong points have always been his ability to mock modern culture by splicing together hilarious shots of bumbling corporate goons, or satirically reminding us of our (once great) nation's serious decline into the grifter paradise it has now become. Capitalism does all this, but with a mixture of failure and success. This paper will show where Moore fails and where Moore succeeds with his latest attempt to win over the American public to the…...

The Heritage Foundation's chart of "Global Distribution of Economic Freedom" stresses that nationalization leads to unemployment and a poor quality of life in the developing world, but some might counter that healthcare, government assistance, educational loans, and other state programs are needed to restrain the excesses of capitalism -- as are government bailouts. Without government intervention unemployment may increase and an economic downturn will cycle into a depression, as a result of consumer fears of purchasing goods and fears of businesses of stimulating their productive capacity, generating new inventory and hiring new workers.

Others resist the idea of taxing innocent citizens to pay for businesses in need and see taxes as a drain on the economy, purely and simply. Ours is a nation founded upon the concept of no taxation without representation, and John Locke's ideal of government protecting property as well as the right to life and liberty might strongly…...

In terms of unemployment, a new program was introduced which aimed at reducing the number of people without jobs. The Civilian Conservation Corps represented an initiative with two aims. On the one hand, it offered young people in particular new jobs, and on the other hand it fought against erosion of the soil, as the plan had initially been. More precisely "Accepting the Presidential nomination on July 1, 1932, New York Governor Roosevelt planned a fight against soil erosion and declining timber resources, utilizing the unemployed of large urban areas" (Civilian Conservation Corps Alumni, n.d). This was a useful endeavor as it helped the unemployment rate and the environment at the same time because it offered the possibility of the plantation of over 3 billion trees in less than ten years (Civilian Conservation Corps Alumni, n.d).

Another important measure taken during this period was in the agricultural sector. This was one…...

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Works Cited

Civilian Conservation Corps Alumni. Roosevelt's Tree Army. A Brief History of the Civilian Conservation Corps. N.d. 22 May 2008  http://www.cccalumni.org/history1.html 

Jenkins, P. A history of the United States. New York: Palgrave, 1997.

Modern American Poetry. About the Great Depression. N.d. 22 May 2008.  http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/depression/about.htm 

The Library of Congress. Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945. 2004. 22 May 2008.  http://lcweb2.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/depwwii/newdeal/newdeal.html

52). Furthermore, Marx felt that money had "deprived the whole world, both the human world and nature, of their own proper value. Money is the alienated essence of man's work and existence; this essence dominates him and he worships it..." (Strathern, 2001, p. 52). From Marx's point-of-view, owners or holders of capital were in a position to exploit workers because of their "systematically privileged position within the market" (Pierson, 1995, p. 94). The system was structured in favor of the owners of private property. If private ownership were abolished, the opportunity to exploit workers would disappear. A cornerstone of Marxism, then, was the prevention of large scale capital holdings.
Labor as a Commodity

Marx also thought that labor had become a commodity in and of itself, and that this concept further dehumanized the worker. Capitalists had no feeling for laborers as human beings but saw them merely as something to be…...

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References

Ellens, S. (2007). Relationship of philanthropy to the Industrial Revolution. Center on Philanthropy at Indiana University. Retrieved on 9 November 2007 at  http://www.learningtogive.org .

Gregory, J. (2005). The southern diaspora. The University of North Carolina

Press.

Grossman, J. (2002) the great migration: James Grossman lecture. The Digital Library: Social Studies. Retrieved on 12 November 2007 at  http://ecuip.lib.uchicago.edu/diglib/social/greatmigration/lecture.html

Her confession was then the pivotal point for the start of one of the most painful events in the history of the United States.
What is interesting to me personally is that Breslaw provides a much more global view of the witch trials and its influences than is generally available in books and documents regarding the trial. In my own view, the witch trials were the result of the mindset of the Crusades and the Spanish Inquisition; the subversion of certain sectors of society by Christian leaders by means of fear. However, I never realized that, for the witch trials, there was a much wider perspective. Indeed, Tituba's young life was informed by a religion that was as far removed from Christianity at the time as it was possible to be. According to the book, Tituba's confession was the result of the meeting of the two religious paradigms; Tituba's occult…...

Reason, appetite, and spirit are three concepts that you will find throughout Western versions of philosophy. Understanding what they mean can be critical to understanding the core concepts of many philosophers. However, it is important to understand that general meanings are only general meanings. Each philosopher can define them slightly differently in their philosophical framework. So, it is critical to examine each concept within the context of the philosopher that you are studying because their personal interpretations can critically alter the meanings of these three core concepts.

Spirit has multiple meanings in modern philosophy. It can....

1. The Concept of Justice in Rawls and Nozick's Political Theory:
- Analyze and compare John Rawls' and Robert Nozick's theories of justice.
- Discuss the implications of their views on social and economic equality.
- Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of their respective arguments.


2. Utilitarianism vs. Deontology: A Comparative Analysis:
- Compare and contrast the ethical theories of utilitarianism and deontology.
- Explore the strengths and weaknesses of each theory in terms of their application to political decision-making.
- Discuss the relevance of these theories in contemporary political debates.


3. The Legitimacy of Political Authority:
- Examine different theories of....

1. Unethical Practices: A Scrutiny of Corporate Greed and Moral Decay

2. The Shadow of Unethicality: Unveiling the Perils of Unprincipled Behavior in Business

3. The Moral Compass in the Marketplace: Reorienting Ethical Standards in Corporate Decision-Making

4. A Path to Perdition: The Consequences of Unethical Practices in the Business World

5. Deconstructing Unethicality: Exploring the Motives and Manifestations of Corporate Malfeasance

6. The Corrosion of Trust: How Unethical Practices Undermine Business Integrity and Public Confidence

7. Ethical Erosion: A Systemic Analysis of the Factors Contributing to Unethical Behavior in the Workplace

8. The Triple Bottom Line of Unethicality: Impacts on the Economy, Environment, and Social Well-being

9.....

Outline for Essay: How Historic Events Led to the Emergence of Sociology

I. Introduction
A. Hook: Begin with a compelling statement or anecdote that highlights the profound impact of historic events on the development of human societies.
B. Thesis statement: State the main argument that historic events have played a crucial role in shaping the emergence and evolution of sociology.

II. The Enlightenment and the Roots of Sociology
A. Describe the intellectual and social context of the Enlightenment in Europe during the 18th century.
B. Explain how the Enlightenment thinkers' emphasis on reason, scientific inquiry, and human progress laid the groundwork for....