This distribution can be applied to multiple business situations even where data is distributed differently, because a normal distribution adopts the central limit theorem which suggests that no matter how a population is distributed, the distribution "of the means of random samples approaches a normal distribution for a large sample size" (ICMBA, 2002).
Business executives can use normal business distribution to create diversified asset portfolios, to calculate process variations within operations and even in human resources management to evaluate employee performance that is often considered normally distributed (ICMBA, 2002). Businesses benefits because normal distribution allows description of variables that would otherwise be considered random, and also allows a rough estimate of the actual distribution (ICMBA, 2002). Errors that usually arise using a bell curve are also often negligible and hence considered acceptable (ICMBA, 2002) thus executives can use normal distribution to solve problems with a high degree of accuracy in…...

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References

Arsham, H. (1994). "Statistical thinking for managerial decisions." January 1994,

National Science Foundation. 1, October 2005:  http://home.ubalt.edu/ntsbarsh/Business-stat/opre504.htm 

History for Dayton, Ohio February Temperatures." Weather Underground. Available:

 http://www.wunderground.com/

Because the nature of economic and business phenomena is clearly statistical in nature and the need for a scientific approach is becoming more and more necessary, so statistical analysis has become an integral part of every aspect of theoretical and applied research.

The inter-dependence of economies and the development of global markets has introduced new levels and sources of competition for the businesses. Businesses face new levels of risk as the markets in which they operate become more open. Should they invest in new capacity to be able to compete more effectively? How exposed a position can they afford to take in their key markets? In short, how does a business cope with the risks inherent in the modern economy? When uncertainty is so high, the management has no choice but make the use of the statistics to justify their decisions. So statistical devices are a set of tools that can…...

This means they set medium term goals may be up to five years. This requires that they make detailed and precise judgments, so that their medium term goals are met. This has made the methodology require sophisticated business statistical applications. (Statistical Thinking for Managerial Decisions) Long-term planning in business normally makes it necessary to make estimations regarding the future and extrapolations of the past, is used for this. The trends can be identified, but these may be accurate for a short time and in it lay the danger of forecasting by extrapolation of the past, since data cannot be expected to forecast something that has not happened. It is here that the importance of strategic planning has relevance. Strategic planning adds more control into a situation where the outcome is more likely to be taken on the probable occurrence of an event or set of events in the near…...

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References

Niles, Robert. "Statistics" Retrieved at   Accessed on 11/11/2004http://nilesonline.com/stats/ .

Statistical Thinking for Managerial Decisions" National Science Foundation. Retrieved at   Accessed on 11/11/2004http://home.ubalt.edu/ntsbarsh/Business-stat/opre504.htm .

Business statistics" (7 November 2004) Retrieved at   on 11/11/2004http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_statisticsAccessed 

Welcome to the Discipline of Econometrics and Business Statistics" (2004) Retrieved at Accessed on 11/11/2004.http://www.econ.usyd.edu.au/ecmet/.

Using this data set we can calculate mean, median, mode, and standard deviation for this data set over last 20 years:
Mean can be found according to the following formula:

So mean February temperature equals to 33.825 F

Median of the data is the middle score after data has been set in order, so February temperature median equals to 33.7 F

Mode of the data is the value from data set which occurs most often. The mode of temperature sat data is 32.9 F

Standard deviation is a measure of the spread of data set values. It can be calculated by the following formula:

Standard deviation of temperature data set for February equals to 3,823181 F. The value of standard deviation witnesses that winter climate in New Jersey is very moderate without any considerable temperature jumps. et, we can mark that there is a current warming trend as the difference between the lowest average February…...

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Year

Temperature, F

February averages for Trenton, NJ (1988-2007)

Task 1(h) - Difference of opinions within nationalities

British

German

French

Italian

Chi-square value

5.04E-06

2.83E-15

Comments

This shows that there were differences of opinion about the resort for the British, German and Italian visitors, but not the French.

Task 1(i) - Difference of opinions between nationalities

Overall

Accommodation

Location

Food

Chi-square value

Comments

This shows that overall there were differences of opinion for the visitors in each area.

Task 2

SUMMARY of RESULTS

The results of the data analysis show that at the present time the French spend substantially more than the other three groups. The British also spend a substantial amount but at the present time come in smaller numbers than the French. The French opinion of the resort is however equally spread, which indicates that French visitors do not agree on whether the resort is generally good or bad. This may explain the wide variation in spending which is seen in the French tourists.

The fact that the French have the potential to spend more would suggest that…...

Therefore to form a basis of good decision making business people should be able to understand how statistics can be applied in the description of markets, advertising development, price setting and how they can best respond to the consumer demands that are often changing (Petryni, 2010).
Statistics can be used in various situations within a business for instances; incase a business wants to venture into new markets statistics can be used to inform the business decisions in the definition of target consumers. The statistical analysis of the trends of consumers, purchasing powers and preferences can be useful in making decisions before venturing into a particular business.

Another situation can be where decisions on the branding and advertising products or services the statistical analysis may aid in the definition of the consumers who are targeted, provide information about the industry one wants to venture in and description of the buying trends. This…...

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References

Petryni, M. (2010). How Is Statistical Research Used in Business Decisions? Retrieved January 17, 2013 from http://www.ehow.com/info_8000423_statistical-research-used-business-decisions.html

Calkins, K, .G. (2005).Applied Statistics. Retrieved January 17, 2013 from  http://www.andrews.edu/~calkins/math/edrm611/edrm01.htm

Morality of Statistics
Ethics/Business Statistics, Christian Worldview

The morality of statistics: Will statistics invariably lie?

A famous book from the 1950s was entitled How to lie with statistics. Implied by the counter-intuitive name was the concept that the old cliche that 'numbers don't lie' was false. In fact, as discussed in the article "eflection before action: The statistical consultant confronts ethical issues" by S. Andrew Ostapski and Claude . Superville, statistics can be highly subjective in terms of how they are presented as are the conclusions which can be drawn from them. Even researchers have been accused of manipulating statistics to prove 'facts' that are not true within academia. The pressures only increase when statisticians are asked to serve the financial 'masters' of commerce. "The ability to be creative in building interdisciplinary bridges can be risky, especially when the parties that are served do not understand the statistical process. The statistician must not…...

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References

Geertsema, J. (1987). A Christian view of the foundations of statistics. Perspectives on Science

and Christian Faith, 39.3:158-164.

Ostapski, A. & Superville, C. (2001). Reflection before action: The statistical consultant confronts ethical issues. Business Quest. Retrieved:

 http://www.westga.edu/~bquest/2001/consultant.htm

Business esearch
Denial of Security Clearance: An Examination and Application of eal World Business Statistics

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors most relevant to decisions involving access to classified information and the denial of such security clearance. From an analysis of the commonly cited reasons for such denials, which range in official reports from sexual misconduct to the equally ambiguous and somehow more intriguing issue of "financial considerations," to acquiring specific information regarding the circumstances and considerations involved in particular incidents of either clearance approval or denial, this research would aim to develop an understanding of who might be granted clearance and who would be denied such clearance and access (Dice 2011). A broad and accurate understanding of current security clearance procedures and rationales would hopefully be developed as the ultimate objective and conclusion of the data analysis conducted in this research.

This research problem is highly important for…...

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References

Dice. (2011). Top reasons for security clearance denial. Accessed 21 February 2011.

 http://www.clearancejobs.com/news.php?articleID=65

Take for instance ed Hat, a leading provider of open source software applications. Its annual report for 2009 reveals an increase in its training and services revenues from $45 million in 2005 to $47 million in 2006, to $59 million in 2007, to $73 million in 2008 to $111 million in 2009. From this assessment, the leaders of the organization could come to the conclusion that it would be wise to further invest in the business division of training and services offered to customers.

The second most important means in which statistical information is useful to financial analysis reveals the assessment of a company's financial ratios in light of the ratios of its competitors, or the average ratios of the industry. Statistics helps organizational leaders compute financial ratios such as earnings per share, gross margin, current ratio or others. Following the previous example, ed Hat's current ratio is of 1.90 in…...

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References:

Bartholomew, D.J., 1995, What Is Statistics? Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (Statistics in Society), Vol. 158, No. 1

Bendell, A., Disney, J., McCollin, C., 1999, The Future Role of Statistics in Quality Engineering and Management, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series D (The Statistician), Vol. 48, No. 3

Doukar, J.A., Kan, O.B., 2006, Does Globalization Diversification Destroy Firm Value? Journal of International Business Studies

Larson, R., Farber, E., 2004, Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 2nd Edition,

In order to efficiently predict customer levels based on frequency, "data on customer arrivals must be collected and a statistical test conducted to see whether an assumption of a Poisson distribution for arrivals is reasonable," (Anderson 2008:472). Business such as liquor marts can use such a process to determine if customer frequency is sufficient enough for them to stay open later. For instance, if a store of such nature where to collect data for customer arrival after 2 am in a one week span, they can then use that number to make a strong prediction whether it is worth staying open based on the cost of operation during that debatable time period. Thus, it is clear that frequency can become useful in business predictions in certain occasions.
Hypergeometric distribution can also be used to compile viable business predictions. Unlike the binomial distribution, hypergeometric distribution provides its analysis without the allowance…...

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References

Anderson, David Ray. (2008). Statistics for Business and Economics. Thomson South-Western.

Black, Ken. (2009). Business Statistics: Contemporary Decision Making. Wiley Publishing.

Lacey, Michelle. (2010). The binomial distribution. Statistics Topics. Yale University. Retrieved January 25, 2010 from  http://www.stat.yale.edu/Courses/1997-98/101/binom.htm .

The objectives of this project will result in a reduced security risk due to incoming spam and junk email messages. Achievement of the objective will be difficult to measure because it represent something that will not happen if the project is successful. A reduction in threats due to the actions or inactions of employees will result in achievement of these objectives. An employee questionnaire or survey would be useful in determining if the policies result in a greater awareness and adherence to prescribed policies regarding how to treat spam in the company. Increased awareness and willingness to take actions to increase security, as measured by a survey conducted some time after the policies are in place will provide insight into the success or failure of the prescribed measures.

Evaluation

There are several contributing factors that will affect the outcome of the project and the ability to achieve the intended objectives of the…...

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References

D'Antoni, H. 2003. Span Tests Employees' Productivity, Patience. Information Week. May 13, 2003. [online]

  [Accessed 17 March 2009].http://www.informationweek.com/news/software/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=9800038 

McCusker, R. (2005). Spam: nuisance or menace, prevention or cure? Trends and Issues in crime and criminal justice. March 2005. No. 348. [online]   [Accessed 17 March 2009].http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi2/tandi294.pdf 

Winslow, L. 2005. SPAM Killing Small Business Productivity. Ezine Articles. [online]

Business Statistics
Regression

Variables Entered/Removeda

Model

Variables Entered

Variables Removed

Income ($1,000), Cups of Coffee per Day, Age, Days per Month at Starbucksb

Dependent Variable: Amount of Prepaid Card $

All requested variables entered.

Model Summaryb

Model

R

R Square

Error of the Estimate

Durbin-Watson

Predictors: (Constant), Income ($1,000), Cups of Coffee per Day, Age, Days per Month at Starbucks

Dependent Variable: Amount of Prepaid Card $

ANOVAa

Model

Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

F

Sig.

Regression

Residual

Total

Dependent Variable: Amount of Prepaid Card $

Predictors: (Constant), Income ($1,000), Cups of Coffee per Day, Age, Days per Month at Starbucks

Coefficientsa

Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized Coefficients

t

Sig.

Collinearity Statistics

B

Std. Error

Beta

Tolerance

VIF

1

(Constant)

10.949

10.562

1.037

.312

Age

.415

.270

.313

1.535

.140

.873

1.146

Days per Month at Starbucks

1.005

.692

.362

1.452

.162

.584

1.712

Cups of Coffee per Day

-2.590

1.235

-.520

-2.096

.049

.590

1.696

Income ($1,000)

.166

.169

.201

.984

.337

.873

1.146

a. Dependent Variable: Amount of Prepaid Card $

Collinearity Diagnosticsa

Model

Dimension

Eigenvalue

Condition Index

Variance Proportions

(Constant)

Age

Days per Month at Starbucks

Cups of Coffee per Day

Income ($1,000)

1

1

4.683

1.000

.00

.00

.00

.00

.00

2

.152

5.546

.02

.03

.03

.43

.13

3

.084

7.451

.03

.23

.16

.03

.39

4

.056

9.109

.08

.00

.51

.40

.47

5

.024

14.014

.87

.74

.28

.14

.00

a. Dependent Variable: Amount of Prepaid Card $

Residuals Statisticsa

Minimum

Maximum

Mean

Std. Deviation

N

Predicted Value

17.48

42.97

29.96

5.823

25

Residual

-21.080

19.592

.000

9.494

25

Std. Predicted Value

-2.144

2.235

.000

1.000

25

Std. Residual

-2.027

1.884

.000

.913

25

a. Dependent Variable: Amount of Prepaid Card $

Regression

Variables Entered/Removeda

Model

Variables Entered

Variables Removed

Method

1

Gender, Age, Income ($1,000), Cups of Coffee per Day, Days per Month at Starbucksb

Enter

a. Dependent Variable: Amount of Prepaid Card $

b. All…...

.
One tactic which has made the John Doe group unique in the industry is its recognition of the importance of community in the viability of individual enterprises. Its damaged relationship with the communities in which it has sought to operate can be rectified by aspects of its model which are already in place. Though the company operates thousands of funeral service establishments from a centralized point of authority, its acquisition strategy incorporates the families who have owned and operated the newly purchased assets into the business plan. As a result, John Doe's holdings are hybrid entities, armed with the resources of a large parent company but endowed with the close community relationship of an independent business. Taking advantage of this model should be central to the company's overall reversal of its negative public image. This will demand that the new core of central leadership make an effort to increase…...

Business Proposal
The American economy is undergoing fundamental change. Due primarily to globalization, industries continue to innovate and change. In particular, the rise of the information age has altered the manner in which business is conducted. Technology has now become an integral aspect of all business operations. In many industries however, technology has had very little impact on the fundamental operations of the business. It is these businesses that are unlikely to undergo fundamental change that are particularly appealing to me. For one, these businesses are relatively stable over the long-term. Earnings, profits, and revenues may increase or decrease over subsequent periods. The underlying business however will remain intact. As such, the business that I will own will be a fitness center.

A fitness center is relatively stable in its value proposition to society. More than one billion adults worldwide are overweight. In the United States alone obesity is responsible for an…...

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References:

1) Lee, IMin ( July 2012). "Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy." The Lancet.

2) Morris J.N., Margaret D. Crawford Coronary Heart Disease and Physical Activity of Work British Medical Journal 1958; 2 pages1475 -- 1486

3) Reamy, Walker BV (April 2009). "Diets for cardiovascular disease prevention: what is the evidence?." Am Fam Physician 79-569 -- 578.

In certain situations the landed cost can also include customs duties, and other taxes that apply to the shipment in case.
Shipping and insurance -- 7.5% of the product's cost.

Packaging -- 5% of the product's cost.

Profits -- 20% of the product's cost.

Organic bread landed cost - $15+7.5%+5%+20% = $19.2

Organic fruits landed cost - $17 +7.5%+5%+20% = $21.76

Organic vegetables landed cost - $16 +7.5%+5%+20% = $20.48

Organic desserts landed cost - $32 +7.5%+5%+20% = $40.96

Organic cheese landed cost - $45 +7.5%+5%+20% = $57.6

Organic wine landed cost - $46 +7.5%+5%+20% = $58.88

The landed cost is established in accordance with the profits requirements of the company. The company must also identify the profits that distributors in Germany are interested in. This is intended to help Naturally Green develop a pricing strategy that can satisfy the company, its distributors, and its customers. It is important to also develop the pricing strategy in accordance with productivity.

eference…...

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Reference list:

1. Industry Statistics and Projected Growth (2012). Organic Trade Association. Retrieved November 21, 2012 from  http://www.ota.com/organic/mt/business.html .

2. Germany (2012). CIA, the World Factbook. Retrieved November 22, 2012 from  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gm.html .

3. Landed Cost (2012). Business Dictionary. Retrieved November 22, 2012 from  http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/landed-cost.html .

1. Data-driven decision making: Business statistics provide organizations with quantitative data that can be used to make informed decisions. By analyzing data on market trends, customer behavior, and operational performance, organizations can make strategic decisions that are based on evidence rather than intuition.

2. Performance measurement: Business statistics allow organizations to track their performance over time and compare it to industry benchmarks. By measuring key performance indicators (KPIs) such as revenue, profit margins, and customer satisfaction levels, organizations can identify areas for improvement and set goals for future growth.

3. Risk management: Business statistics can help organizations identify potential risks and opportunities....

Business statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data to help make informed business decisions. It involves using statistical methods and tools to analyze business trends, evaluate performance, forecast future outcomes, and identify opportunities for improvement. The information gathered through business statistics is used by managers, executives, and other decision-makers to guide strategic planning, resource allocation, and overall business operations.


Business statistics also plays a crucial role in risk management, as it helps businesses assess the likelihood of certain events occurring and the potential impact they could have on the company. By analyzing historical data, businesses can....

Business statistics play a crucial role in helping organizations make informed decisions and drive strategic growth in the following ways:

1. Data-driven decision-making: Business statistics provide organizations with actionable insights by analyzing data and identifying trends, patterns, and relationships. This helps organizations make decisions based on empirical evidence rather than intuition or guesswork.

2. Performance measurement: Business statistics help organizations track key performance indicators (KPIs) and evaluate the effectiveness of their business strategies. By monitoring metrics such as revenue, profit margins, customer satisfaction, and employee productivity, organizations can identify areas of improvement and adjust their strategies accordingly.

3. Forecasting and planning: Business statistics....

Business Statistics: A Catalyst for Informed Decision-Making and Strategic Growth

In today's competitive business landscape, organizations face an overwhelming deluge of data. Harnessing this data effectively can propel organizations to make impactful decisions that drive strategic growth. Business statistics stands as a cornerstone of this process, providing the necessary tools and methodologies to transform raw data into actionable insights.

Descriptive Statistics: Painting a Clear Picture of Current Performance

Descriptive statistics lay the groundwork for business decision-making by presenting a comprehensive overview of data characteristics. Measures such as mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation describe the central tendencies, variability, and distribution of data.....