There are several layers of halos that surround the figure on the scroll, adding an aura to the image that is not available to the sculptor. Although the museum has attempted some duplication of the effect as you can see by the shadows created behind statue. By using perspective the artist of the scroll has given a great deal of dimensionality to the drawing. The crossed legs of the Buddha as they join with the fountain have a certain feeling of tangibility and depth. This effect bestows an ethereal quality to the scroll, as if the image has the ability to float above the material of the frame and hang in space directly in front of you.
Both images project and aura of serenity and sacredness, both in somewhat different mediums requiring differing styles to achieve the same result. The one image that both artists capture well is the famous…...

The demon even sent beautiful women to tempt the Buddha, but nothing would sway him from his determination to find the ultimate meaning of life (Editors).
Therefore, the truth is that historians do not know exactly how Buddha actually attained enlightenment. They know the event occurred, and Buddha left the tree and began his teachings, but the actual event has survived history in many different forms. Perhaps the how and why of his enlightenment is not that important, but it is interesting to note how many different versions there are of the tale. Clearly, it is an important event in the history of Buddhism. That so many versions of the tale exist is a testament to Buddha's own importance to the religion and its roots. While there can be many Buddhas in Buddhism, there is only one Supreme Buddha so far, and his enlightenment helped others move on their own…...

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References

Buddha Leaves Spiritual Connection; Five Symbols Represent His Love, Teaching." The Washington Times 6 Nov. 2006: A02.

Carrithers, Michael. The Buddha: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Editors. "About Buddha." AboutBuddha.org. 2007. 27 April 2007.  http://www.aboutbuddha.org/english/life-of-buddha-4.htm 

Griffiths, Paul J. On Being Buddha: The Classical Doctrine of Buddhahood. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1994.

At first he "went forth," literally walking away from the Brahmin society he knew, by joining the "forest monks," a group of honored rebels, seekers of truth, and engaged in many yogic trances and ascetic deprivations with them. This proved unfruitful, however, and only by seeking out his own self-liberation, with a determination to find the truth within himself, did he realize the way out of the cycle of constant suffering. Like his contemporaries, he discovered that the "truth that lies within" led to a universal understanding of the need for "compassion" to set a person free. That is, when one gave up the "self" or ego-binding grasping, and discovered the truth of the emptiness of "self," simultaneously embracing all sentient beings with loving kindness, equanimity and compassion, then, and only then, could one achieve true freedom from suffering. Not keeping his discoveries to himself, he spent the rest…...

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Works Cited

Armstrong, Karen. Buddha. New York: The Penguin Group, 2001

History

What concepts or ideas in this Module did you find interesting? Think about the life of the Buddha, the teachings he espoused, the various schools of Buddhism, Wheel of life and death. Please list them using numbers and give an in-depth explanation of why you found an aspect interesting and how it fits in your cannon of knowledge.1. The first idea that I learned from the module was related to austerity. Here, Buddha emphasized the ability to keep elements of life simply. This is a very interesting concept considering how complex the world is today. This complexity, although improving the quality of life for society, often brings with it new challenges and further complexities. The module however emphasized simplicity in all things and its ability to derive peace from it. I found this interesting as society often emphasized the exact opposite approach as it relates to life and enjoyment. Particularly…...

What Makes an Empire?Empires throughout human history have been diverse and unique, but some common elements make them recognizably imperial. The Persian, Greek, and Roman Empires all exercised hegemony over vast areas for long periods of time, relying on military might to maintain control. Their centers of political power were strong and centralized, not only allowing them to apportion resources effectively but also to communicate the unifying laws and principles that defined their rule. Moreover, these three empires often used both religious authority and cultural practices to legitimize their power and make it harder for subject peoples to challenge themthe ancestor worship of the Persians, the legends of divine origin amongst the Greeks, and shared gods large parts of the Roman world all served this purpose.While there are many other factors that separate or distinguish different empires from one another, a combination of military strength, strategic centralization and ideological framework…...

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Bibliography

Homer, The Iliad (University of Michigan, 2007).

Huili, “A Biography of the Tripitaka Master,” Considering the Evidence: Documents,345.

Virgil. The aeneid. Collector\\\\\\'s Library, 2004.

Buddha's Brain
Why you selected book

The book has adequate referencing and based on science, the book provides enough practical knowledge and techniques that can be used to keep revitalizing our brain in day-to-day life. The brain is an important organ that most influence your personality and your existential experience. Therefore, getting knowledge to keep it healthy, making it strong and using it in the positive direction that benefit you maximum, is a precious treasure for yourself, and for all those people whom you interact in your life. Prominent scholars, psychologists and teachers such as, Jennifer Louden, Jerome Engel, Joseph Goldstein, Sharon Salzberg Walsh, Tara Brach, ichard Miller, Fred Luskin, Phillip Zelazo, James Baraz, Wes Nisker, Christina Feldman and many others, have admired Buddha's Brain. The book summarizes that how anxiety or inner strength, sorrow or love, annoyance and calmness, confusion or clarity, anguish or relief is created by your brain --…...

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References

Hanson, R., & Siegel, D. J. (2009). Buddha's Brain: The Practical Neuroscience of Happiness, Love, and Wisdom. New Harbinger Publications.

Litterski, N. (2011, July 11). Buddha's Brain: The Practical Neuroscience of Happiness, Love, and Wisdom. Retrieved February 21, 2016, from Good Reads:  http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6796675-buddha-s-brain 

Rick Hanson. (2016). Buddha'S Brain. Retrieved February 21, 2016, from Rick Hanson:  http://www.rickhanson.net/writings/books/buddhas-brain/ 

Roughgarden, C. (2009, November 30). Improving Our Lives from the Inside Out: A Review of Buddha's Brain. Retrieved February 21, 2016, from The Greater Good Science Center at the University of California, Berkeley:  http://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/improving_our_lives_from_the_inside_out_a_review_of_buddhas_brain

Buddhism
The True Buddha Diamond Temple is located in a residential neighborhood in Flushing (3332 148th Street), allowing it to be intimately connected with the community and fully integrated with it. As with many Buddhist organizations, the True Buddha society is a global one and this temple is a branch of a worldwide organization known as True Buddha. The True Buddha Diamond Temple in New York is therefore part of a global community with strong roots in Asia.

In addition to its exemplifying the globalization of Buddhism, the True Buddha Diamond Temple also exhibits the different ways languages are used in liturgical and community settings. This temple is multilingual, with their website in both English and Chinese, in addition to the languages of all the other countries the organization is located in including South American nations and nations throughout Asia. The True Buddha Diamond Temple has a globalized business model, facilitated by…...

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Works Cited

Tillie K. [Yelp Review]. Retrieved online:  http://www.yelp.ie/biz/true-buddha-diamond-temple-of-new-york-inc-flushing 

"True Buddha Diamond Temple of New York." Retrieved online:  http://macaulay.cuny.edu/eportfolios/drabik10website/neighborhoods-2/flushing/houses-of-worship/true-buddha-diamond-temple-of-new-york/ 

True Buddha School Net. Retrieved online:  http://tbsn.org/english2/# 

True Buddha School Seattle. Retrieved online:  http://www.tbsseattle.org/english/

Cast in the Khasa Malla Kingdom of the western Himalayas made of gilt copper alloy with inlay and is a superb example of Newar artistry without the elaborate embellishments. The historical uddha is seated in the lotus or meditation posture (vajrasana) with one hand resting in the lap and the other in a gesture that calls the earth to witness his great resolve. Earrings inlaid with turquoise adorn the uddha's elongated ear lobes and are said to symbolize his royal background.
The Shakyamuni uddha is depicted in a most typical pose, that of meditation. There are other symbolic representations as well. There is the cranial protuberance (ushnisha) symbolizing supernatural wisdom. The mark between the eyes (urna) is symbolic of spiritual illumination. The helmet-like headpiece (ushnisha) is topped by a knob representing a symbolic jewel (cudamani). His monk's robe hosts decorative borders reminiscent of former princely raiment.

When first studying the Shakyamuni…...

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Bibliography

"Art & Culture Summary." Buddha Minders. Accessed November 11, 2011.

 http://www.buddhamind.info/leftside/sumaries/art.htm .

Buddhapia. Hyundai Bulkyo Media Center. Accessed November 11, 2011.

http://eng.buddhapia.com/.

Bronze Buddha in 12th century art, in philosophy and in image: Nagapattinam
The image of the bronze, standing Buddha Nagapattinam from the Buddhist tradition of the 12th century belies some of the common popular assumptions about Buddhist iconography a contemporary esterner might hold, if he or she was unfamiliar with the history of the Buddhist tradition of images in Asiatic art. The most popular image of the Buddha in America is that of the beatific, Enlightened and seated Buddha. This popularity, however, says as much about American cultural assumptions of Buddhism as it does about the much more wide spanning Asiatic philosophy of Buddhism itself. The Nagapattinam depicts, for instance, not the Enlightened Buddha but a teaching Buddha marked for Enlightenment, although it is of the earlier Theravada tradition of Buddhism, as famously discussed by the monk Dr. alpola Rahula in his classic treatise to the est on Buddhist philosophy…...

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Works Cited

Asian Art and Architecture." (2004) Art and Design. http://www.public.iastate.edu/~tart/arth382/lecture15.html

Buddhist art." (2004) Chennai Museum. Buddhist Art Website.  http://www.chennaimuseum.org/draft/gallery/01/05/051/budd1.htm 

Rahula, Walpola. (1986) What the Buddha Taught. New York: Evergreen.

Weinu, Jin. (1999) "Buddhist Art: The mission of harmonious culture." Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, New Delhi

Teachings of the Buddha
Life in Perspective

According to the Buddha, the most important aspect of human life is the path toward morality, mindfulness, and the achievement of greater levels of understanding throughout one's lifetime. More particularly, the Buddha taught that mindfulness refers to the concept of becoming more aware of our internal thoughts and of the ways that our internal thoughts affect and drive our external behavior. In principle, the unexamined life consists of petty earthly goals and shallow desires that bring no greater happiness when they are achieved. Through mindfulness, the individual makes a continual attempt to eschew the pettiness of human desires and to derive internal satisfaction and contentment through self-understanding.

One principal component of that perspective is the realization and acceptance that, like all biological life, human exists for only a moment in time in comparison to the eternal passage of time. Ultimately, the finite and short nature…...

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Sources Consulted

Gyatso, G.K. (2005). Living Meaningfully, Dying Joyfully: The Profound Practice of Transference of Consciousness. Toronto: Tharpa Publications.

Lopez, D.S. (1995). Buddhism in Practice. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Renard, J. (2004). The Handy Religion Answer Book. Canton: Visible Ink Press.

Zen Buddhism
Buddha or the Enlightened One existed in many incarnations before his final lifetime as Siddhartha or Gautama Buddha, who was born in 563 BC in Nepal. He had already been a king in many of his previous lifetimes and he always "descended on earth like a religious, social and cultural reformer" (Sharma, 2002, p. 18). Almost all of Buddha's life is "legendary," however, and based not on contemporary records but stories written down 800 to 1,000 years after his death (Lux and Michaels, 2006, p. 4). His father was King Sudhodana of Sakya and his mother Queen Maya, had a dream that he was going to be born as a magnificent white elephant. According to legend, when his parents took him to the temple five days after his birth, all the other gods bowed down to him as the universal savior. Asita, the greatest ascetic of the age, also…...

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REFERENCES

Lux, U. And A. Michaels (2206). Encountering Jesus and Buddha: Their Lives and Teachings. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press.

Sharma, S.K. (2002). Life Profile and Biography of Buddha. New Dehli: Diamond Pocket Books.

Schober, J. (1997). Sacred Biography of the Buddhist Traditions of South and Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press.

In the U.S., for example, even a very modest income provides a standard of living that is more comfortable, privileged, easier, and luxurious than the vast majority of human beings living on the planet. However, because human nature is to continually judge one's contentment in relation to what others may have, few people are truly content or satisfied with their respective situation in life. Middle class people envy upper middle class people, upper middle class people envy the comparatively wealthy, and even the very wealthy covet the homes, possessions, and status of the immensely wealthy. In that respect, the Buddha's analysis of the human condition would be tremendously useful in connection with the importance of realizing that seeking contentment through the accumulation of material possessions or achievement of social status is analogous to trying to fill a cup full of holes.
As a general principle, the application of Buddhism would…...

Life of the Buddha:
What was the Buddha's name? How else do Buddhists refer to him?

His name is Siddhartha Gautama and he is often referred to as the 'awakened' or 'enlightened' one.

What are the circumstances in which the Buddha grew up?

Siddhartha was born in 563 B.C. He lived in a place called Lumbini and then was raised in Kapilavashtha, Sakya Kingdom's capital. During this time, Northern India was made up of various small and independent states. It is during this period, people came to challenge and question Vedic philosophy through a number of new religious and philosophical schools. There was a strong moral vacuum present.

What are the "four passing sights"?

The first is an old man that reminded Buddha of aging. The second was a sick person that reminded Buddha of pain and disease. The third was a corpse that reminded Buddha of suffering. The fourth was an ascetic…...

D.). Rather than standing alone and interacting with the gazer, this Buddha holds back and is flanked by attendants, creating his own scene in the context of the relief. The Buddha's divinity, rather than his humanness is stressed in the design. The Buddha's hand is in a gesture of reassurance, conveyed from on high, as he sits upon an elevated platform.
Three seated Buddhas in the halo symbolize the deity's eternal nature, a concept that gained importance in China in the fifth century a.D" ("Seated Buddha with Attending Bodhisattvas," Early 6th century a.D.). Rather than being of the moment, and simplicity, the unique and eternal nature of the divine Buddha is stressed. The man's extraordinary, rather than ordinary qualities are at the forefront of the work. The limestone work is also embedded with scenes of the life of the historical Buddha and fantastical legends about his many incarnations over the remaining…...

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Works Cited

Schumacher, Mark. "Overview of Zen Buddhism and Its Influence on Japanese Art."

21 Feb 2007]  http://www.onmarkproductions.com/html/zen_art_tour.shtml 

Seated Buddha with Attending Bodhisattvas." Early 6th century a.D. [21 Feb 2007]  http://www.worcesterart.org/Collection/Chinese/1934.34.html 

Shaka Nyorai: Historical Buddha Enlightened One." [21 Feb 2007]  http://www.onmarkproductions.com/html/shaka.shtml

Theravada Buddhist & Mahayana Buddhist views Buddha. In essay, I a concept practice religious tradition compare/contrast a similar related concept practice religious tradition ( case comparison arhant Theravada Buddha bodhisshatva Mahayana Buddha).
"Thus have I heard"

Buddhism incorporates three traditions: Theravada or the Southern Tradition (spread in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos and Burma/Myanmar), Mahayana or the Northern Tradition (Tibet, China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea and Mongolia) and Vajrayana also known as the Tibetan Tradition.

We would be focusing mainly on studying several aspects of the Theravada and Mahayana schools. Each of these two- although both strongly rooted in the fundamental teachings of Buddha Siddhartha and focused on the liberation of an individual from the circle of Samsara (birth, death, rebirth)- contains methods and practices different from one another. To best illustrate the connections between the two traditions and also to see where exactly they take different paths, we would be following the…...

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References

Akira, H. (1990). A history of Indian Buddhism [From Sakyamuni to Early Mahayana]. United States of America, USA: University of Hawaii Press

Bullitt, J.T. (2005-2011). "What is Theravada Buddhism?" Retrieved from  http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/bullitt/theravada.html 

Kung, C. (2001). Buddhism: The Awakening of Compassion and Wisdom. Retrieved from  http://www.abrc.org.au/page50.html 

Wangu, M.B. (2009). World religions. Buddhism, Fourth Edition. New York, NY: Chelsea House Publishers.

Cultural Differences Revealed in Greek and Hindu Myth Titles
The titles of Greek and Hindu myths offer valuable insights into the cultural and philosophical distinctions between these two ancient civilizations. By examining the differences in these titles, we can discern contrasting perspectives on the nature of gods, the role of fate, and the importance of human agency.
1. Theistic vs. Polytheistic Beliefs
Greek mythology is characterized by a pantheon of anthropomorphic gods who possess distinct personalities and domains. The names of the Greek gods, such as Zeus (sky), Poseidon (sea), and Hades (underworld), often reflect their specific attributes and roles.
In contrast, Hindu mythology....

1. Evolving Your Social Circle The Art of Surrounding Yourself with Growth

2. Outgrowing Friends Navigating the Path to Personal Evolution

3. The Power of Association Why Who You Surround Yourself With Matters

4.....

1. The Enduring Legacy of Gandhar: Exploring Its Contribution to Indian Art, Culture, and Society

Trace the origins and evolution of Gandhar art, highlighting its unique characteristics and influences.
Examine the role of Gandhar art in the development of Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism.
Discuss the impact of Gandhar art on regional and international artistic traditions.

2. Gandhar: A Crossroads of Civilizations - Art and Architecture as a Reflection of Cultural Exchange

Analyze the artistic influences of Greek, Persian, and Indian cultures on Gandhar art.
Explore the architectural innovations of Gandhar monasteries and stupas, drawing connections to other religious traditions.
Discuss the....

Some symbolic meanings often portrayed in traditional Indian paintings include:

1. Lotus flower: Symbolizes beauty, purity, and the divine power of creation.

2. Elephant: Represents wisdom, strength, prosperity, and good fortune.

3. Peacock: Symbolizes beauty, grace, and immortality.

4. Tree of life: Represents the interconnectedness of all living beings and the cycle of life and death.

5. Mandala: Represents wholeness, unity, and harmony, and is often used as a meditative tool.

6. Gods and goddesses: Depicted in various forms and poses, they represent different aspects of life, such as love, power, knowledge, and protection.

7. Krishna and Radha: Depict the eternal love and devotion between the divine....