oston Massacre
rutal Murder or Self-Defense?

oston Massacre is known as the cornerstone of Revolutionary war which resulted into a series of events causing changes in the world's map. On face value, it can be perceived as an incident in which the innocent citizens were murdered by the tyrant government but a careful analysis would reveal that basic reasons of the oston Massacre are rooted in the years of tension and strain that existed between the ritish government and colonists. oston Massacre is a controversial event reflected differently in ritish and American history.

It is evident after careful unbiased analysis that oston Massacre was a result of self-defense by the ritish army troop instead of an unprovoked gunfire, in response to attacks by ostonian colonists.

In order to understand the oston massacre, it is important that the events leading to this incident and aftermaths are critically evaluated. On the other hand, the series of…...

mla

Bibliography

Agresto, John, "Art and Historical Truth: The Boston Massacre." Journal of Communication, 29, no. 4, (1979).

Adam, Johns & Butterfield, L.H. (ed). Diary and Autobiography of John Adams, vol. 2. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. 1962.

Allison, Robert. "The Boston Massacre." Beverly, MA: Apple wood Books, 2006.

Linder, Doug. "The Boston Massacre Trials: An Account." UMKC School of Law. 2001.  http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/bostonmassacre/bostonaccount.html

Boston Massacre
The initial cause of the Boston Massacre is a mystery because the testimonies of the witnesses conflict with each other in several areas. The testimonies presented do not seem to support the fact that Thomas Preston was guilty as charged. If anything, these testimonies serve to prove that there is more to eyewitness accounts than meets the eye.

Captain Preston's deposition leads us to believe that the mob was definitely aggressive toward the soldiers. They were, in his opinion, encouraging the soldiers to fire. Preston claims he was in between the mob and the soldiers urging them to resolve the matter peacefully, "but to no purpose" (81). The mob was closing in on the soldiers, striking them and their weapons. At this point, he claims that someone asked him in the mob if he intended to order the soldiers to fire. His reply is a staunch no, and he…...

" (eady, 2009) This account is a summary of rather detailed events that occurred on the night of March 5, 1770 that resulted in what many claim to have been an event destined to happen as the British overriding authority in the colony presented a threat to the autonomy in the daily operations of the colonists. The purpose for the pilgrimage from the British ruled Empire to the New World centered around the desire to live freely from the tyrannical rule of the Monarchy and establish a new system of governance. A constant oversight in the activity and the resulting impediment of colonist movement created a hostility that enabled the fuel necessary to instigate a battle against British troops.
eferences

Allison ., "The Boston Massacre." Commonwealth Editions. (2006) etrieved from: http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Ndz-eKUMfEC&oi=fnd&pg=P5&dq=the+Boston+Massacre&ots=bLUY1FbAP_&sig=aMmkV4wD6Dsh5wgsFDw-D1Ih5k#v=onepage&q&f=false

Archer ., "The charge is murder; the Boston Massacre wasn't what you might think. (2010) a historian argues for a new interpretation…...

mla

References

Allison R., "The Boston Massacre." Commonwealth Editions. (2006) Retrieved from:  http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Ndz-eKUMRfEC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=the+Boston+Massacre&ots=bLUY1FbAP_&sig=aMmkV4wD6RDsh5wgsFDw-D1Ih5k#v=onepage&q&f=false 

Archer R., "The charge is murder; the Boston Massacre wasn't what you might think. (2010) a historian argues for a new interpretation of an iconic American event." Boston Globe. Retrieved from:  http://proquest.umi.com.rlib.pace.edu/pqdweb?index=8&did=2011991981&SrchMode=2&sid=1&Fmt=3&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1292822923&clientId=2088 

Fradin, D., "The Boston Massacre." (2009) Retrieved from:  http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=kT1UR1wD3FAC&oi=fnd&pg=PA7&dq=the+Boston+Massacre&ots=a5hg_-6I6d&sig=8zwP0trRXhHQ9L4UNQPcmsfzxqg#v=onepage&q&f=false 

Preston, Thomas. "Captain Thomas Preston's account of the Boston Massacre." Captain Thomas Preston's Account of the Boston Massacre (2009): 1. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 20 Dec. 2010.

The Boston Massacre: A Rousing Event The Boston Massacre refers to an altercation that occurred when America was a new land, and still technically a colony of the British Empire. The facts of the Boston Massacre are as follows: the parties involved were a group of British soldiers and a group of colonists or patriots. Some historians refer to this event as a “street fight” and others view it as more of violent scuffle.[footnoteRef:1] While this altercation was not a technical battle, it was definitely one of the issues that had a direct impact towards the revolutionary war, and gathering support within the colonies to fight against the stifling British presence there and ultimately lead to the Revolutionary War and the increasing sense of patriotism within the colonies.[footnoteRef:2] This patriotism was essential in securing their own independence, as it increased a sense of commitment and internal loyalty. The Boston Massacre was…...

mla

Bibliography

Fradin, Dennis B. The Boston Massacre. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2009.

JA Heritage. \\"Events That Led to the Boston Massacre | John Adams Historical Society.\\" John Adams Historical Society - The Official Website. Accessed May 27, 2018.

Ready, Dee. The Boston Massacre. Mankato, Minn: Bridgestone Books, 2002.

http://www.john-adams-heritage.com/events-that-led-to-the-boston-massacre/.

The Trial of Captain PrestonIntroductionThe Trial of Captain Preston was a famous trial that took place in Boston, Massachusetts in 1770, following the Boston Massacre. Captain Thomas Preston was a British officer who was accused of ordering his men to fire on a crowd of American colonists, killing five people. The trial was a highly charged political event, with tensions running high between the colonists and the British authorities. John Adams, who later became the second President of the United States, was one of the defense attorneys in the trial. The prosecution argued that Preston had ordered his men to fire on the crowd, while the defense maintained that the soldiers had acted in self-defense. In the end, the jury acquitted Preston, and based on the contradictory testimony of eyewitnesses, it was the right decision; this paper will explain why.Prestons DepositionDeposition was given by Captain Thomas Preston on March 12,…...

mla

ReferencesFahsing, I. (2022). Beyond reasonable doubt: how to think like an expert detective. In Police Psychology (pp. 267-295). Academic Press.Wheeler; Becker. The American Past. Houghton Mifflin Company (1990).

This bias permeates throughout social circles and businesses seeking qualified job applicants. Yet, oston's strong economy accommodates growth for anyone who is motivated to succeed.
Culturally, oston is no New York. but, for a city of 600,000, great cultural activities are available without the burden of dealing with an overwhelmingly large city.

The city's numerous theaters include the Cutler Majestic Theatre, oston Opera House, the Wang Center for the Performing Arts, Schubert Theater, and the Orpheum Theater. Performing arts groups are some of the best to be found in the country and include the oston allet, oston Symphony Orchestra, oston Pops, oston Lyric Opera Company, and the Handel and Haydn Society. Free summer concerts on the Charles River Esplanade are a joy with excellent acoustics and a festive atmosphere. oston also has several fine museums such as the Museum of Fine Arts, the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, and the Museum of…...

mla

Bibliography

Banner, David. "The History of Boston, Massachusetts." Retrieved from Web site:  http://www.searchboston.com/history.html 

Boston: History." Retrieved from Web site: http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/the-Northeast/Boston-History.html

Massachusetts Tourist Information. "Boston Area Information." Retrieved from Web site:  http://www.masstourist.com/boston.htm 

Wikipedia, "Boston Massachusetts." Retrieved from Web site:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts

The name of Horace Mann is still known today, the first Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education, as he tried to make a practical education available to all, including recent immigrants, which he argued would be an important part of their socialization into the national culture (Browne, 2003, p.3).
Boston suffered a great deal during the Great Depression. "ith the outbreak of ar II, factories were retooled for the war effort, and people went back to work on the production lines. Again Boston was a major arms manufacturer during wartime" (Banner 2008). And because of the new importance of science and technology, its considerable intellectual capital proved a great source of profit, and continues to, to this day. Today, Boston has become a leader in the computer and other technology-dominated industries. Financial and service industries are also strong. Fenway Park, the Museum of Fine Arts, and the Freedom Trail…...

mla

Works Cited

Banner, David. "Boston History." Search Boston. 2008.  http://www.searchboston.com/history.html 

Boston, Massachusetts: City History." CityLight.com 20 Apr 2008.  http://www.bycitylight.com/cities/us-ma-boston-history.php 

Boston Brahmins." Murder at Harvard. People & Events. 20 Apr 2008.  http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/murder/peopleevents/p_brahmins.html 

Browne, Lynne. "Technology Explosion." The Economic Adventure. Published by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. 2003.  http://www.economicadventure.org/gazette/ch3.pdf

com). Sedate it is definitely not. e read, "Even from this distance the tower's abundant ornamentation is clear. Its Northern Italian Gothic style adds exotic elements to the neighborhood's skyline." (iboston.org). Trinity Church cannot be overlooked when examining the history and architecture of Boston. It is said, "James O'Gorman described Trinity as 'a cultural event of the first importance in American history'" (O'Gorman qtd. In iboston.org). Trinity church is significant because it "represents a departure of the Boston's mind from its Puritan past, and emergence of American creativity as a force in architecture" (iboston.org). The churches of Boston are not special to Bostonians. It is written in the Catholic Historical Review that in 2005, "The National Trust for Historic Preservation announced... that it had included the Historic Catholic Churches of Greater Boston, Massachusetts, in its 2005 list of America's Eleven Most Endangered Historic Places" (Catholic Historical Review). The churches of…...

mla

Works Cited

The Old State House Museum." Boston History Online. Retrieved May 15, 2008.  http://www.bostonhistory.org 

Old State House." Story of Boston Online. Retrieved May 15, 2008.  http://www.storyofboston.com 

Boston History and Architecture. Retrieved May 15, 2008.  http://www.iboston.org 

Historic Places." Catholic Historical Review. Gale Resource Database. Retrieved May 15, 2008.  http://www.infotrac.galegroup.com

The shifting perceptions of 1096, particularly when seen against the backdrop of the historical
"reality, have much to teach us."

The development of the Rhineland Massacres, often looked at in history as a linear first example of official Jewish mass persecution by the Christians, wavers in importance to the modern scholar, as well as the modern Jew and Christian. Was it a warm up for mass persecution, or a warm up for crusade actions against the Muslims? Historically it is safe to say that it is all of these things, an important period in Jewish and Christian history. One that would have served as a good lesson for detractors of reinvigoration of anti-Semitism that pervaded not only the Nazi mentality but that of much of western thought, notorious anti-Semites existed all over the world during the rise of the Nazi regime. In fact the WWII genocide could be seen as a…...

mla

Bibliography

Abulafia, Anna Sapir, ed. Religious Violence between Christians and Jews: Medieval Roots, Modern Perspectives. New York: Palgrave, 2002.

Bell, Dean Phillip. Sacred Communities: Jewish and Christian Identities in Fifteenth-Century Germany. Boston: Brill Academic Publishers, 2001.

Chazan, Robert. God, Humanity, and History: The Hebrew First Crusade Narratives. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2000.

Chazan, Robert. In the Year 1096: The First Crusade and the Jews. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1996.

As an inciting event, it gave a direct reason for the colonists to oppose British imposition on their lives. This minor incident
turned in a deadly attack that gave way to the beginning of the American
Revolution.
This is because another key player emerged that helped to spread the
anti-British sentiment and contribute to the resulting action from the
Boston Massacre. This player was Paul Revere, who 21 days after the Boston
Massacre began selling color prints entitled, "The Bloody Massacre
perpetrated in King Street" (Achieving Early America). By selling the
prints so quickly, Paul Revere cemented his status as an American Patriot
and helped to spread the events of the Boston Massacre that went on to lead
America towards independence. His engraving is very one sided in its
depiction of the Boston Massacre, as it shows the British Redcoats ordered
by a commander to mow down a group of Bostonians. However, historical
accuracy was not Revere's primary concern. He instead wanted to…...

mla

Works Cited

"Boston Massacre a Behind-the-Scenes Look At Paul Revere's Most Famous

Engraving." Achieving Early America. 24 Apr. 2007

.

"Boston Massacre." Boston Massacre Historical Society. 2007. 24 Apr. 2007

.

"Boston Massacre Jump Back in Time." The Library of Congress. 2007. 24 Apr.

Captain Preston's Actions At Boston Massacre
When it comes to American history, one of the most commonly cited periods that is focus on is the run up to the American Revolution and the aftermath once the United States was founded and the war was won. One of the specific events within that period that is commonly focused on is the Boston Massacre, which happened in 1870. There are a few names that come to the surface when it comes to that event. Whether it be Crispus Attucks, Governor Hutchinson or others, there is no shortage of intrigue when it comes to the people involved. The biggest name in the eyes of many, however, would be Captain Thomas Preston. While the involvement of Captain Preston in the Boston Massacre is without doubt, his overall behaviors and guilt (or lack thereof) when it comes to the actions during the same is the subject…...

George Hewes
iographical Moments

George Robert Twelves Hewes was an interesting figure in the American Revolutionary period was born in oston, on September 5th 1742. The environment in which he lived saw many transformations throughout his life and Hewes also experienced more inward transformations as well. Hewes life can be defined by some of the more significant events that we personally witnessed and/or participated in. These events also happened to be defining moments in American History. One such incident that worked to transform Hewes as a person was undoubtedly the oston Massacre in 1770. During this period the city was occupied with a large concentration of ritish troops that were stationed in oston to enforce and collect tax obligations from the colonies.

Hewes worked as a shoemaker and one day he had made shoes for a soldier who claimed they were for the captain and then refused to pay for them. The tensions…...

mla

Bibliography

Young, A. The Shoemaker and the Tea Party. Beacon Press, 2000.

American Revolution
One of the most important events in the history of the United States is the American Revolution, which is regarded as more important in the country development that ideas, trends, and actions. The significance of the American Revolution in the nation's history and development is highlighted in the fact that it was one of the seminal instances of the Enlightenment. During this period, the political philosophy of the Enlightenment was established and utilized in creating an entirely new country that has developed to become the world's super power. However, the American Revolution was fueled by a series of several major events and incidents brought by various factors including rebellion by the American colonies and Declaration of Independence.

Overview of the American Revolution

As previously mentioned, the American Revolution is one of the most important and remarkable events in the country's history given its role in the birth of the United…...

mla

Bibliography

American Revolution History. A & E Television Networks, LLC. accessed November 30, 2015.

 http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/american-revolution-history 

Hubley, Benrard. The History of the American Revolution, Including the Most Important Events

and Resolutions of the Honorable Continental Congress During that Period and also the Most Interesting Letters and Orders of His Excellency General George Washington, Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. New York, NY: The New York Public Library Reference Department, 1805.

To quote Noble's article negotiations commonly follow a four-step path: preparation, information exchange, explicit bargaining, and commitment. ... Negotiation is, in short, a kind of universal dance with four stages or steps. And it works best when both parties are experienced dancers."
So, beginning with step one, there must be preparation. The ground rules must be spelled out and meetings, policy making and ratification procedures need to be drawn up. Secondly, one the ground work can be done there is the education process that must take place where information is exchanged. Thirdly, negotiations must go on. Fourthly, commitment must be secured from the negotiation parties. This will spell out in the establishment of a monitoring and facilitation regime that will ensure that the policies are carried out. Attorney Noble then spells out these steps in greater detail, one that is far beyond the scope of this short policy paper (Noble,…...

mla

Works Cited

Boston still vexed by school busing. (2009, November 1). Retrieved from  http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/nov/01/boston-still-vexed-by-school-busing/ 

Busing's boston massacre. (2010). Retrieved 15 July 2010 from  http://www.hoover.org/publications/policy-review/article/7768 

Demographic profile miami-dade county, florida 1960-2000. (2003, September).

Retrieved 14 July 2010 from http://www.miamidade.gov/planzone/Library/Census/demographic_profile.

Tea Party
The American tea party

The Tea Party is a populist movement that promotes several conservative values which include the following;

Limitations on the authority of the U.S. federal government

eduction of government spending and the national debt

eduction of personal and corporate taxes

This is a party that has been known over the historical moments to pull frustrated and concerned Americans together to protest against excessive government spending coupled with increased debt burden. This conservative group has it that the government's growing involvement in business and indulgence in individual freedom is a deviation from conservative values.

Since its inception to date, the mission of the Tea Party Coalition has been to organize and launch in a rapid response fashion special nationwide projects that will help to advance the goal of a return to a constitutionally limited government that does not go overboard, through whichever arm to disenfranchise the American citizens in whichever situation the country…...

mla

References

David W. Koeller, (1999). The Boston Tea Party 1773. Retrieved July 28, 2011 from  http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/usa/teaparty.html 

Eye Witness to History, (2002). The Boston Tea Party, 1773. Retrieved July 28, 2011 from  http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/teaparty.htm 

James L. Roark et.al. Eds. The American Promise: A History of the United States. Fourth Ed.

Vol I. Bedford/St. Martin's: New York.