Black Markets and Their Results
Introduction to black markets, and why they exist

Drug trafficking

Its related problems

Nuclear weapons

The trafficking of nuclear weapons

Affect on society and safety

Human trafficking

Organ trafficking and its morality

Baby trafficking for profit

Slave trade today

Results of human trafficking

BLACK MARKETS

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and discuss the recurring problem of black markets, including drug trafficking, nuclear weapons, and human black markets (consisting of organs, babies, and slaves). It will point out the difficulties with black marketing, including the obvious moral issues, resulting problems to the community, and try to discover some solutions to the black market trade.

BLACK MARKETS AND THEIR RESULTS

Illegal substances have always been a magnet for black market profits. Prohibition failed largely because there was such a lucrative and enormous black market surrounding the manufacture and supply of illegal alcohol. Many family fortunes were made during prohibition, when drinking was made illegal, but people drank anyway. The…...

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Works Cited

Backman, Jules. "Apparel Uptrading." Price Practices and Price Policies: Selected Writings. New York: Ronald Press Co., 1953. 633-637.

Cimbala, Stephen J. Nuclear Strategy in the Twenty-First Century. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2000.

Dornin, Rusty. "Group Works for end to Desperate Practice of Organ Selling." CNN.com. 14 Nov. 1999. 15 Aug. 2002.  http://www.cnn.com/ASIANOW/south/9911/14/organ.selling/ 

Ebbe, Obi N. Ignatius, et al. "Ghana (Posttraditional Nation-State)." Crime and Crime Control: A Global View. Ed. Gregg Barak. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2000. 49-63.

He says that post-9/11, this policy has become entrenched in national security rhetoric, and also in action. He links this entrenchment of this thought to action taken against al-Qaeda, and (in articles by him, subsequent to his book) also to the attack on Iraq.
In short, Naylor's book argues that the system currently in place to deal with "cartels" and the illegal drug trade are wholly inadequate, and are leading to an infringement of civil liberties, certainly for Americans, but also for people the world over, who are being affected by the U.S.' uncompromising stance against the international drug trade.

An article by agley (2003) entitled, "Globalization, weak states and international organized crime" reinforces some of Naylor's arguments. He argues that weak states are the best places for organized crime to flourish, using the cases of Russia and Colombia. In Colombia, in particular, he singles out the lack of transparency in…...

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Bibliography

Bruce Bagley, "La Globalizacion de la delincuencia organizada," in Foreign Affairs en Espanol, Vol 3, num 2 (2003) pp. 110-137

Naylor, R.T., Wages of Crime: Black Markets, Illegal Finance, and the Underworld Economy. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2002.

Gold has had fans in many places since the dawn of civilization. From the pre-Columbian Americas to Greece, from China to India, gold has served as a symbol of status and also as a tangible means of accumulating and exchanging wealth. In a world in which speculation and virtual currencies reign, gold occupies a more unique position than it has ever before. In Wages of Crime, Naylor reveals the dark underbelly of the world’s most popular precious metal. The chapter “The Underworld of Gold” addresses everything from how gold is mined nefariously in both black and grey market ways, and similarly traded in ways that resemble other types of organized crime. National laws often tax either the import or export of precious metals, driving gold markets to the grey and black zones of the global economy. In a world in which international banking leaves a potentially dangerous paper trail, gold…...

"
The Aftermath

Uncle Tom characters were common in both white and black productions of the time, yet no director before Micheaux had so much as dared to shine a light on the psychology that ravages such characters. By essentially bowing to the two white men, Micheaux implied that Old Ned was less than a man; an individual whittled down to nothing more than yes-man and wholly deprived of self-worth. At this point in the history of black films, with some of the most flagrant sufferings of blacks exposed to the American public, the only logical path forward that African-Americans could take was to begin making cogent demands to improve their collective social situation.

Slowly, black characters in film took on greater and more significant roles in film. Sidney Poitier was one of the most powerful film stars of the mid twentieth century. In roles like the 1950 film by director Joseph L.…...

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Reference List

Finlayson, R. (2003). We Shall Overcome: The History of the American Civil Rights

Movement. Lerner Publications Company, Minneapolis, MN.

King, Jr., M. And Jackson, J. (1963). Why We Can't Wait. Signet Classic, New York,

NY.

Once they arrived, they were brought to a slave market and usually auctioned off to the highest bidder just as cattle and horses were auctioned off. he slaves then spent their lives of servitude helping white farm and plantation owners in their agricultural operations. he slaves weren't typically compensated and lived in deplorable conditions. Slavery helped many white land owners become rich, and the southern colonies, which turned into the southern states, remained slave states, while those in the north became know as free states, where slavery was not legal. his dichotomy of cultures, between the northern and southern states, eventually led to further economic and cultural rifts leading up to the Civil War in 1860.
During the Civil War, the northern states allowed blacks to serve in the Union Army. Southern states, eager to fight for their way of life and economic interests, were against the abolition of slavery.…...

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The English Colonies were set up as resource providers for the English Monarchy and economy in Europe. Products like cotton, tobacco, and other crops were planted and harvested in the rich soils of the colonies. The land and plantation owners were eager to cut costs, and with the African slave trade to places like the Caribbean and southern Spanish colonies booming, black slaves were an abundant and relatively cheap labor resource, especially for the farms and plantations in the southern colonies. Unlike the southern colonies, the northern colonies' economies began to differentiate themselves as producers of manufactured goods as well as services. In this way, even though slavery was legal in all of the English Colonies, the northern colonies had less of a demand for black slaves than the southern ones.

Operationally, slaves were brought in primarily from West African locales to work in agriculture-related servitude. Many of the slaves were separated from their families and many died during the long voyage via slave ship to the English Colonies. Once they arrived, they were brought to a slave market and usually auctioned off to the highest bidder just as cattle and horses were auctioned off. The slaves then spent their lives of servitude helping white farm and plantation owners in their agricultural operations. The slaves weren't typically compensated and lived in deplorable conditions. Slavery helped many white land owners become rich, and the southern colonies, which turned into the southern states, remained slave states, while those in the north became know as free states, where slavery was not legal. This dichotomy of cultures, between the northern and southern states, eventually led to further economic and cultural rifts leading up to the Civil War in 1860.

During the Civil War, the northern states allowed blacks to serve in the Union Army. Southern states, eager to fight for their way of life and economic interests, were against the abolition of slavery. This is not to say that the Civil War was fought on the question of whether black slavery should be legitimized, but slavery, as an economic mechanism, had much to do with the build up to war that had been occurring for nearly a century previous. After the Civil War, slavery was abolished. But though the institution of slavery was outlawed, the cultural and social norms were still left intact. Across the country, Jim Crow laws were left on the books that held blacks as second-class citizens with fewer rights than whites. Even after the reconstruction period, blacks had a hard time assimilating into mainstream American culture, and were economically and socially disadvantaged because of their history.

Black Monday - 1987
On Monday, October 19, 1987, the Dow Jones Industrial fell 508 points -- which meant that it lost 22.6% of its value -- which was an unprecedented fiscal calamity at that time. This paper delves into that frightening dive, into the reasons why it happened, and looks into the possibility that it could happen again.

hy did it happen?

In January, 1987, the Dow Jones Industrials gained 13.8%, according to NBC's Consumer News and Business Channel (CNBC). Through the month of March the Dow was up 21.6% and through July the Dow was up 37.7% (CNBC). In August of 1987 the Dow peaked at 2,722, a remarkable gain of 43.6% on the year. Then in October (between the 2nd and 16th) the Dow lost 15%, which was a kind of warning shot to investors that something was wrong. Then on the 19th of October, the market crashed and the…...

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Works Cited

Bozzo, Albert. (2007). Can It Happen Again? CNBC.com. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from  http://www.cnbc.com .

Carson, Mark. (2006). A Brief History of the 1987 Stock Market Crash. Federal Reserve

Board. Retrieved November 27, 2012, from  http://www.federalreserve.gov .

Consumer News and Business Channel (CNBC). (2012). Remembering the Crash of 87.

Black-Scholes model is essentially a formula used in the calculation of a theoretical call price for options. It is considered to be the fundamental model for pricing in the option market (Cretien, 2006). This model uses in its calculation the five main determinants of an option's price, which include stock price, strike price, volatility, time left until expiration, as well as risk-free, short-term interest rate (Hoadley, 2010). The computations executed by the Black-Scholes model result in prices that are close to actual market value as long as input variables are determined that are reasonably accurate (Cretien, 2006). A benefit resulting from the use of this model is that it provides traders with a means to compare market prices with alternative values while using different inputs (Cretien, 2006). The Black-Scholes model also assists in the prediction of movements in price for investments other than options by providing a way to compute…...

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References

Crawford, Gregory. "A new model; The world of finance was changed when Myron Scholes and Fischer Black penned a paper on how to price an option.(P&I at 30: The class of '73)." Pensions & Investments. Crain Communications, Inc. 2003. HighBeam Research. 8 Dec. 2010 .

Cretien, Paul D. "Comparing option pricing models." Futures. . 2006. HighBeam Research. 8 Dec. 2010 .

Hoadley, Peter, (2010). Option pricing models and the 'Greeks'. Hoadley Trading and Investment Tools. Retrieved from   8 Dec. 2010.http://www.hoadley.net/options/bs.htm 

McKenzie, Scott; Gerace, Dionigi; Subedar, Zaffar. "AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE BLACK-SCHOLES MODEL: EVIDENCE FROM THE AUSTRALIAN STOCK EXCHANGE." Australasian Accounting Business & Finance Journal. University of Wollongong School of Accounting and Finance. 2007. HighBeam Research. 8 Dec. 2010 .

The Black & Decker DOM system aligns with the Distributed Order Management (DOM) Hierarchical Model shown in Figure 1 as is shown in the Appendix of this study. This model conceptually illustrates how the Black & Decker supply chain, DOM, and distribution networks are integrated with each other (Johnson, 2003, et.al.).
The Data Services of Black & Decker, as defined by its customer- and shipment history databases, anchor the model, followed by Application Services, Presentation Services, and a separate Presentation Services specifically for Internal and External Constituents of the logistics provider.

The Master Data Services component is where Black & Decker 'normalizes and synchronizes data on customers, products, accounts, and suppliers is the primary building block. There are several techniques Black & Decker relies on building a system of record from database consolidation to the development of virtual objects that are a composite of various systems. egardless of the overall data…...

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References

David Drickhamer (2005, October). Bringing Value to the Table: How Today's Logistics Service Providers Stay One Step Ahead. Material Handling Management, 60(10), 25-27. Retrieved August 16, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 918963711).

Joseph Galli (1998, January). Retooling Black & Decker. Chief Executive,(131), 59. Retrieved August 15, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 26830773).

Sidney Hill Jr. (2002). Not your father's SPC. Quality, 41(2), 29-33. Retrieved August 1, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 105856969).

William Hoffman (2006, July). Hunting for Hidden Costs. Traffic World,20-21. Retrieved August 5, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 1078955011).

Black and Decker
Joseph Galli, VP Sales and Marketing for Power Tools

Strategic Marketing Management Services

E:

Market Share Issues re: Makita

Mr. Galli:

Per your request, we have done an analysis on the market share for Professional Tradesman tools between Black and Decker and Makita Tools. While B&D holds a substantial amount of market share in the portable power tools, Professional-Industrial and Consumer segments, a critical issue is the low comparative share in the fastest growing market, that of the Professional-Tradesman (See Figure 1). While B&D has remained a clear market leader for consumers, the lower than average perception of the product line by Professional-Tradesmen has lowered the share to 9%, with Makita, relatively new to the arena, at a solid 50%.

Demographically and psychographically, the buying behaviors of the tradesmen show that they spend an average of $1,000/annum on tools, usually replacing a broken or outdated model. This is a major purchase for this segment,…...

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REFERENCES

Industrial Power Tools. (2013). Makita.com. Retrieved May 2013 from: http://makita.com/en-us/Modules/Home/

Power Tools. (2013). Blackanddecker.com. Retrieved May 2013 from: com/matrixhttp://blackanddecker.

B&D Overall Market Share

3. How the quality of service changed and why?

The quality of service increased significantly as all practices areas of the hospital better aligned to the cultural norms, values and needs of each ethnic population represented by the segments served. The quality also increased because the staff also began to better understand the unique needs of the patients being served, with more emphasis on interpersonal communication than had been the case in the past. This personalization aspect of leadership works both ways; the hospital staff had a much better appreciation and understanding of the unique needs of the population they were serving, and the potential patients and customers developed familiarity and trust with the providers. The next step for the hospital is to create a means to continually evaluate the level of satisfaction they are delivering to patients. The hospital could use the SEVQUAL metrics to evaluate the level of satisfaction…...

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References

Barrett, H., Balloun, J., & Weinstein, a.. (2009). How variation in management perceptions affects organizational performance. Quality and Quantity, 43(3), 451-461.

Paul Hughes-Cromwick, Sarah Root, & Charles Roehrig. (2007). Consumer-Driven Healthcare: Information, Incentives, Enrollment, and Implications for National Health Expenditures. Business Economics, 42(2), 43-57.

Ravichandran, K., S. Prabhakaran, and S. Kumar. 2010. Application of Servqual Model on Measuring Service Quality: A Bayesian Approach. Enterprise Risk Management 2, no. 1, (January 1): 145-169.

Wrenn, B.. (2006). Marketing Orientation in Hospitals: Findings from a Multi-Phased Research Study. Health Marketing Quarterly, 24(1/2), 15.

Such data gathering helped decide the number to be produced and the time frame to be given for the manufacturing process for the first batch at least. Similarly, data is now sought on the problem that has developed and for the development of alternatives for addressing the problem and achieving a better procedure for the future.
Alternatives

Management is aware that what the company needs are both short- and long-term solutions, and the two are clearly linked. If the short-term solution includes a product recall, for instance, then the long-term reputation of the company may suffer and require specific attention. The alternatives for the short-term include the following:

product recall ignore the issue as if it were a one-time freak accident continue to sell the product with a warning label sell the current inventory while also taking a look at the product and its manufacture for possible changes for the future

An added…...

Black Rock Industries
History of the Firm

BlackRock, Inc., the world's largest financial asset and management company, began in a one-room office in New York in 1988. BlackRock, which began under the name of BlackStone Financial Management, was led by Larry Fink and a team of seven others: Keith Anderson, Benett . Golub, Charles Hallac, Robert S. Kapito, Barbara Novick, Ralph Schlosstein, and Susan agner. All were unified by their desire to educate clients; not simply push them into purchasing products they neither needed or understood (Ody 63).

By helping General Electric in 1999 to rid itself of unwanted mortgages BlackRock's presence on all Street was solidified. By 2004 the company had grown to $342 billion in assets by selling its products. In 2005 BlackRock purchased State Street Research & Management, followed by an acquisition of Merrill Lynch Investment Management in 2006, Quellos Group in 2007 and R3 Capital Partners in 2009. BlackRock's…...

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Works Cited

BlackRock. (2011). http://www2.blackrock.com/global/home/index.htm

BlackRock Investor Relations. http://www2.blackrock.com/global/home/InvestorRelations/index.htm

Kephart, Jason. "BlackRock Liquidating Four Funds." Fund Action (2011): 37. Business Source Complete. EBSCO. Web. 16 Apr. 2011.

Ody, Elizabeth. "GREAT DAYS AT BLACKROCK." Kiplinger's Personal Finance 64.9 (2010): 36-39. Business Source Complete. EBSCO. Web. 16 Apr. 2011.

For example, in the early 1990's the 'Intel Inside' of computers was great for computer sales. That is until the Intel brand name took a major hit for allowing a faulty chip to make its way to the market. The internet-based Word-of-Mouth made the 'Intel Inside' a marketing nightmare.
The Word-of-Mouth and Buzz marketing approach coupled with the internet are more effective than any available print or television ad currently used because consumers are too overly saturated by those mediums. This new approach of the future was recently used and studied for the popular film 'Fahrenheit 911' and the blockbuster results in revenues clearly show that this new approach is the wave of the next generation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the world of marketing has changed and our more global and technologically advanced social and business environment will make marketers reevaluate their approach. Marketing executives can no longer go about in a 'business…...

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References

Bianco, Anthony, Lowry, Tom, Berner, Robert, & Arndt, Michael (2004). The Vanishing Mass Market. Business Week, July 12, 60-68.

Durgee, Jeffrey F., Gina Colarelli O'Connor, and Robert W. Veryzer. "Translating values into product wants." Journal of Advertising Research Vol. 36 (1996).

Khermouch, Gerry & Green, Jeff (2001, July 30). "Buzz Marketing: Suddenly This Stealth Strategy Is Hot -- but it's Still Fraught with Risk." Business Week Online. Retrieved on May 4, 2005, at  http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/01_31/b3743001.htm 

Silverman, George (1997, November). How to Harness the Awesome Power of Word of Mouth. Direct Marketing Magazine, 32-37. Retrieved on May 4, 2005, from Market Navigation, Inc., Web Site:  http://www.mnav.com/H2HarnWOM.htm

emaining workers will get jobs at higher than equilibrium wage, the Supply curve shifts to the left, and wage and output stabilize until something else changes like input cost or legislation.
Were firms able to hire workers at less than minimum wage, say like in Figure 4, where the cost of paying illegals including the enforcement cost results in lower demand for legal minimum wage workers, the result would be a total average cost between the two supply lines, increased outcome for the firm, at less than average minimum wage cost. The new Alabama law seems to attempt to drive off the black line "illegals" by mandating stiffer enforcement for services and privileges like business or auto licenses, awls (2011) explains. This creates an interesting distribution of costs if firms derive profit, but the cost of enforcement is being pushed onto others not employing illegals. If the black line in…...

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References

Rawls, P. (2011). Ala. GOP leaders have 2nd thoughts on immigration. The Associated Press, 8

Dec. 2011. Financial News, Bloomberg Businessweek Retrieved from  http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9RGJL8G1.htm

" (Adams et al.)
hat the report went on to show was how a decades long deception was practiced on a race that was viewed primarily as a guinea pig for medical science.

The Tuskegee Institute had been established by Booker T. ashington. Claude McKay had passed through there in 1912 to study agriculture (under the patronage of alter Jekyll, a man who provided the basis for Robert Louis Stevenson's classic horror tale character). Around the same time that Eleanor Dwight Jones was striving to preserve the white race, the United States Public Health Service began the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. hat took place was a forty year analysis of the life of syphilis. The two hundred black men who had syphilis were "deliberately denied treatment" (Adams et al.) in what was just one more step in oppression and callous social engineering.

And at the same time the Tuskegee experiment was going on, .E.B.…...

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Works Cited

Adams, Myrtle, et al. "Final Report of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study Legacy Committee."

1996. Web. 8 June 2011.

Cone, James. Risks of Faith. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1999. Print.

Dowlings, Keven, and Knightley, Philip. "The Spy Who Came Back from the Grave."

1. The history and evolution of steroid laws in the United States
2. The impact of steroid laws on the use of performance-enhancing drugs in sports
3. The controversy surrounding the legality and ethics of steroid use
4. The role of government regulation in preventing steroid abuse
5. The influence of media and public perception on steroid laws
6. The debate over criminalizing steroid possession and distribution
7. The effectiveness of drug testing and enforcement measures in deterring steroid use
8. The implications of international differences in steroid laws
9. The potential benefits and drawbacks of legalizing steroids for personal use
10. The intersection of gender, race, and socio-economic....

Title: The Impact of Steroid Laws on Public Health and Safety

Introduction:
Steroid laws have been implemented worldwide to regulate the use and distribution of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). These laws aim to protect public health and safety by preventing the misuse of steroids, which can lead to severe health consequences. This essay explores the impact of steroid laws on public health and safety, examining both the positive and negative implications of these regulations.

Body:

1. Prevention of Health Risks:
Steroid laws effectively reduce the accessibility of AAS, making it more challenging for individuals to obtain and use them. This restriction helps prevent the serious health....

1. The Debate on Marijuana Legalization: Weighing the Pros and Cons

2. A Comprehensive Analysis of Marijuana Legalization: Socioeconomic Perspectives

3. Exploring the Legalization of Marijuana: Historical Context and Future Implications

4. Public Opinion and Policy Change: Marijuana Legalization in the 21st Century

5. Marijuana Legalization and Criminal Justice Reform: A Step Towards a Fairer System

6. Understanding the Health Benefits of Marijuana: An Argument for Legalization

7. Marijuana Legalization and Taxation: The Economic Potential of Cannabis Industries

8. Social Equity and Marijuana Legalization: Addressing Racial Disparities

9. Marijuana Legalization: Balancing Individual Rights and Public Health Concerns

10. Regulating the Cannabis Market: Lessons from Other Legalized States and Nations
11.....

1. Reduction in gun-related violence: One of the most immediate impacts of a total ban on firearms would likely be a decrease in gun-related violence, including homicides, mass shootings, and suicides.

2. Increased feelings of safety: With fewer firearms in circulation, many people may feel safer in their communities and less fearful of being a victim of gun violence.

3. Disruption to the economy: The firearms industry is a significant contributor to the U.S. economy, and a total ban on firearms could have a negative impact on businesses and jobs in this sector.

4. Impact on hunting and sports shooting: Many Americans own....